Abstract: The anatomical structure of Pyracantha fortuneana（Maxim.） Li leaves were studied by the optical microscope and paraffin section technique. The results show that it is a typical bifacial leaf and made up of three parts, epidermis, mesophyll and vein in tansverse section of the leaf. The cells of upper epidermis and lower epidermis are both single row, which arrange closely and neatly, and the cell walls of both upper and lower epidermis are covered with cuticula and no trichomes. The stomata with chambers of the lower epidermis protrude from leaf surface. The mesophyll is very rich with many chloroplast in it. The palisade tissue arranges closely, composed of 2~3 layers of cylindrical cells; the spongy tissue arranges loosely, composed of irregular cells. The vascular bundle of main vein is well developed, fully suggesting its function of transporting. Additionally, there are few mechanical tissues between the bundle and the epidermis. The lateral veins simplify. The characters mentioned above are fit for varieties of circumstances such as the drought.

Key words: Pyracantha fortuneana （Maxim.） Li, leaf, anatomical structure, ecology adaptation