Abstract: This research studies the allocation and distribution structure of rural human resources by combining the coupling coordination degree and the least square model. It finds that the hot spots of the aged population in Jiangxi Province have gradually evolved from the plain area to the “double hot spots” in the north and south, the rural labor force presents a spatial distribution state with low intermediate value and high value in the south and north, and the spatial distribution of the coupling coordination development degree is extremely unbalanced. At the same time, the forecast results show that the urbanization rate is slowing down, and there is overflow or lack of labor force difference between the north and the south. Therefore, the establishment of its intelligent configuration model to guide the return and circulation of surplus labor force according to local conditions will help to alleviate the increase of per capita farmland pressure and the unbalanced resource allocation, and promote the development of agricultural modernization.

Key words: rural human resources, spatial distribution of labor force, coupled and coordinated development degree, intelligent configuration