Abstract: In 2018, a questionnaire survey was conducted among typical farmers in Eastern Hubei Province along the Yangtze River Plain, hilly land of north central Hubei Province and the Jianghan Plain. And Cobb-Douglas production function was used to evaluate the resource utilization and economic benefits of the rice and crayfish co-culture model in these three regions. The results showed that there were differences in resource input structure, economic output and benefits in three different ecological areas of Hubei Province. The results of Cobb-Douglas production function showed that the main factor affecting the economic benefits of paddy fields in Eastern Hubei Province along the Yangtze River Plain was the input of circulating capital,and fertilizer input was negatively correlated with rice equivalent yield. There was a significant positive correlation between planting and breeding years and economic benefits of rice and crayfish co-culture in Jianghan Plain（P<0.05）. Reducing labor input and increasing mechanization level could significantly improve the equivalent yield of rice in hilly land of north central Hubei Province. Compared with hilly land, the water resources utilization efficiency and mechanization in plain areas was high, and the investment of working capital had a significant impact on increasing economic benefits, which was more suitable for the development of rice and crayfish co-culture. Moreover, through reasonable regulation of resource investment and capital investment, the impact on the environment could be reduced or avoided while ensuring economic benefits.

Key words: rice and crayfish co-culture, yield, resource utilization efficiency, economic benefit, Cobb-Douglas production function