Abstract: Seven maize （Zea mays L.） materials with different genetic backgrounds were selected to compare and analyze the differences in yield, growth period, average leaf area coefficient, photosynthetic potential, net assimilation rate, crop growth rate and environmental adaptability of each cultivar, in order to filter out the spring maize and summer maize varieties suitable for planting in Hubei Province. The results showed that the seven varieties showed differences between spring maize and summer maize, and the yield of spring maize showed certain advantages in general, and the differences between varieties were significant. When cultivated as spring maize, Yidan 629 and Denghai No.9 had higher yields, with yields of 8.34 t/hm² and 8.20 t/hm², respectively. When cultivated as summer maize, Yidan 629 had the highest yield of 6.78 t/hm² and had a higher leaf area coefficient, photosynthetic potential and crop growth rate. Under the same conditions of staining, pests and diseases, the emergence rate of Yidan 629 was 97.8%, which showed strong resistance to disease of maize and slight resistance to maize borer. This study showed that the northern varieties were not suitable for summer maize cultivation in Hubei Province, and according to the premise of high yield and good adaptability, Yidan 629 should be selected as spring maize and summer maize.

Key words: maize（Zea mays L.）, agronomic traits, yield, environmental adaptability