Abstract: From the theoretical level, the demand of compulsory education of rural residents in China includes the exogenous variable of rural compulsory education, the supply and demand mechanism of rural compulsory education, the provision and results of rural compulsory education service, and the evaluation standard of rural compulsory education, which is not only affected by the exogenous variable ,but also affects the evaluation standard. From the practical level, at present, China's “supplier centered” education policy is difficult to meet the compulsory education demand of rural residents, and there exist no effective information communication mechanism between education providers and consumers. Rural residents can only express their education preferences by choosing schools,choosing places or even dropping out of school depending on their own economic conditions, social capital and cultural capital. Therefore, the government needs to reflect on the current supply mode and development logic of rural compulsory education, and establish the education demand expression and information communication mechanism between the government and rural students with their parents, so as to ensure the satisfaction of the education supply results.

Key words: rural residents, education demand, education supply, information communication mechanism