Abstract: Aiming at the current agricultural production efficiency and its problems in Xinjiang, the data envelopment analysis （DEA） was used to calculate the agricultural production efficiency of 11 states in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region. The results showed that the comprehensive technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of Turpan city, Bayingol Mongolian autonomous prefecture, Aksu city and Kashgar region were all 1.000. DEA was effective and agricultural the allocation of production factors was perfect. The pure technical efficiency of Ili Kazak autonomous prefecture, Tarbagatay region, Urumqi city and Karamay city was 1.000, the other efficiency values were less than 1.000, DEA had weak effectiveness, the DEA values of Hami city, Altay region and Hotan region were invalid, the agricultural production efficiency was low, the technical use efficiency was not mature, and the proportion of input and output value was not consistent. Therefore, the corresponding suggestions are put forward in agricultural division and cooperation, coordinated development, scientific and technological innovation, and factor circulation.

Key words: agricultural productivity, DEA model, agricultural production factors, Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region