HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

Research progress on farmland eco-stoichiometry

YE Ying, ZHAO Kao-cheng, MA Jun, ZHUANG Heng-yang

2021, 60(7): 5-9. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.001

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Ecological stoichiometry studies the dynamic balance between energy and multiple chemical elements （mainly C, N, P） and analyzes the impact of this balance on ecosystems. Those have been one of global research hotspots. However, there are few study articles on agro-ecological stoichiometry. The research progress in three aspects of farmland soil ecological stoichiometry, crop ecological stoichiometry, and the correlation between soil and crop ecological stoichiometry were reviewed, in order to provide reference for the related research of farmland ecological stoichiometry.

Research progress on degradation of residual amide herbicides

WANG Xin, HOU Jia-wen, LIU Wen-rui, BAO Jia

2021, 60(7): 10-14. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.002

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Amide herbicides are widely used in modern agricultural production because of their high efficiency, high selectivity, broad spectrum, low price and convenient application.However, due to its easy migration and enrichment in the environment, it has caused considerable harm to the ecological environment and human health. Therefore, the removal of residual herbicides in the soil is a current research focus.In this paper, the degradation modes, microbial groups and degradation pathways of amide herbicides were reviewed. The existing problems of herbicide pollution remediation were summarized, and the future was prospected, which provided a theoretical basis for the application of amide herbicides in the remediation of environmental pollution.

Analysis of rainstorm and its atmospheric circulation characteristics in high station and its surrounding stations in Anhui province

DING Cong-hui, QIU Xue-xing, YANG Zu-xiang

2021, 60(7): 15-23. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.003

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By using the daily precipitation data of Huang mountain station, Jiuhua mountain station （high stations） and surrounding stations in Anhui province in recent years, the precipitation characteristics and wind field distribution of high stations and surrounding stations were statistically analyzed, and then using the empirical orthogonal function method （EOF） to analyze the height field characteristics of heavy rain in Anhui province. The results showed that the precipitation indices of high stations were higher than that of surrounding stations, most of the precipitation was from June to August, the average annual rainfall （rainfall days） of the Huang mountain station and Jiuhua mountain station were 2 290.3 mm （197.7 d） and 2 077.6 mm（187.7 d） respectively, the average annual heavy rainfall intensities （storm days） were 83.3 mm/d （8.5 d） and 79.6 mm/d （7.7 d） respectively, the main impact of the heavy rain at the high stations was 700 hPa westerly wind, the terrain had an impact on the precipitation and played a role of rainfall increase within a certain height. The EOF analysis was performed on the mean field of 500 hPa and 850 hPa altitude circulation. The first modes of 500 hPa in Huang mountain and Jiuhua mountain were mainly zonal and meridional, and the first mode of 850 hPa were all in meridional. The 500 hPa and 850 hPa circulation had a greater impact on the heavy rains of Huang mountain and Jiuhua mountain respectively. Therefore, by exploring the characteristics of precipitation and atmospheric circulation at the high station and surrounding stations, it was expected to provide scientific guidance for the precipitation forecast in the mountainous area.

Analysis of a sandstorm weather process in the eastern Hexi corridor and its impact on agriculture

SUN Zhan-feng, LI Ling-ping, LIU Ming-chun, ZENG Ting

2021, 60(7): 24-29. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.004

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According to the hourly observation data, MICAPS data, and NECP/NCAR global reanalysis data from the Liangzhou, Minqin and Yongchang observatory, Gansu province, the small-scale sandstorm weather process that occurred in the eastern part of the Hexi corridor on May 18, 2018 has been analyzed. The results showed that, the early climatic background such as drought, low rainfall and high temperature and the positive helicity before the sandstorm provided abundant dust for the sandstorm. The small trough at the bottom of the 500 hPa cold trough, the weak cold advection at 700 hPa and the northward cold front were the main reasons for the occurrence of the sandstorm. The rapid increase and decrease of the upper-level jet stream and the continuous maintenance of the 200 hPa jet stream caused the sandstorm to occur quickly and end rapidly, while the extremely dry and unstable stratification, as well as the huge temperature gradients at high and low altitudes promoted the transportation of momentum at high altitudes, and increased the wind power of horizontal direction, which induced the sandstorm and it caused certain harm to facility agriculture and adverse effects on the growth of crops.

Evaluation of rice fertilization status in typical areas of integrated rice-crayfish mode in Hubei province

PENG Cheng-lin, YUAN Jia-fu, MA Chao-hong, YANG Xiao-hong, SI Guo-han, LI Jin-hua, LIU Wei, XIE Yuan-yuan

2021, 60(7): 30-33. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.005

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The present situation of rice fertilization in Qianjiang city, a typical area of integrated rice-crayfish mode in Hubei province, was comprehensively analyzed and evaluated by means of sampling survey. The results showed that the average application rates of nitrogen （N）, phosphorus （P₂O₅） and potassium （K₂O） on rice （Oryza sativa L.） were 135.5 kg/hm², 59.5 kg/hm² and 68.5 kg/hm², respectively, which decreased by 27.4%, 34.2% and 32.0% compared with the base year, respectively. The application rates of N, P and K decreased by 8.0%, 12.5% and 9.6% compared with the previous year in the first five years of integrated rice-crayfish mode. Compared with the fifth year, the application rates of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium decreased by 6.6%, 21.6% and 13.1% respectively in the sixth year and above, and 39.0%, 60.2% and 48.1% respectively compared with the base year. About half of the nitrogen, almost all of the phosphorus and most of the potassium in the rice shrimp intercropping model were applied as base fertilizer. With the extension of the integrated rice-crayfish mode, the proportion of total phosphorus and total potassium to total nitrogen also decreased. 72.5% to 82.1% of the farmers about integrated rice-crayfish mode chosed the method of one-time base fertilizer plus one tiller fertilizer, which was higher than that in the base year. 7.1% to 27.5% of farmers chosed to apply basal, tiller and spike fertilizer once, which was lower than 40.0% of the base year. 10.7% of the farmers about integrated rice-crayfish mode did not apply basic fertilizer, only tiller fertilizer and panicle fertilizer.

Isolation and identification of high efficient potassium-solubilizing bacteria and application effects on tobacco cultivation

GAO Jia-ming, ZHANG Jian-xing, SHE Meng-lin, WANG Dong, CHEN Shou-wen, MA Xin

2021, 60(7): 34-39. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.006

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To increase the solubilizing potassium mineral and activating soil potassium, a potassium-solubilizing bacteria NGW1 by screening was obtained, which identified as Bacillus mucilaginosus. As experiment treatments, strain NGW1 and muscovite were applied to tobacoo potting. The maximum colonization number of strain was 5.33×10⁵CFU/g. After transplanting 60 d, experiment treatments significantly increased the tobacco heigh, maximum leaf length, maximum leaf width, maximum stem girth, and also increased slowly available potassium content and rapidly available potassium. Experiment treatments significantly increased the potassium contents of tobacco leaves. After transplanting 60 d, potassium content of lower leaves was 1.57%, increasing by 9.80% than CK, potassium content of upper and middle leaves was 1.90%, increasing by 27.50% than CK. The above data showed that trial treatment can improve the utilization rate of potassium fertilizer and production, output value of tobacoo leaves.

Occurrence regularity of heat damage of high temperature of early rice planting in Guigang city in recent 60 years

MO Shen-ping, MENG Xiao-han, XU Yi-xin, LIANG Hong, TAN Meng-xiang

2021, 60(7): 40-46. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.007

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High temperature is one of the extreme weathers that have attracted attention now. Characteristic analysis of the impact of high temperature during the growth of early rice in Guigang city, Guangxi was carried out. Finding out the basic law of its weather process is of great significance for the reasonable arrangement of early rice production and protection against high temperature heat damage. The meteorological observation data from 1960 to 2019 and relevant statistical data of the agricultural department at three national ground-level meteorological stations （Guigang, Guiping, Pingnan） in Guigang city was analyzed. To find out interannual law of the occurrence of high temperature heat damage during the early rice planting period in Guigang. The results showed that the general trend of the degree of heat damage caused by high temperature in early rice in Guigang city was a spatial difference that gradually strengthens from west to east. The interannual change of high temperature heat damage presents a “V” shape trend, and the high point of the “V” trend was gradually rising to a serious situation. The interannual occurrence rate was 66.7%, with an average occurrence of 1.1 times/a and a total number of days of 5 days/a. The extreme high-temperature weather in the study area experienced periodic oscillations was 21 d and 42 d, which experienced two obvious phase changes. Among them, the high temperature process in 2018 occurred frequently and throughout the entire early rice planting period.

Soil aggregate composition and organic carbon particle size distribution of typical plant communities in inland salt marsh wetland

SHANG Xin-yi, JU Tian-zhen, WANG Ji-wei, ZHANG Guo-qiang, MA Chao

2021, 60(7): 47-52. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.008

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Two typical plant communities, Suaeda salsa and Salicornia europaea, in Qinwangchuan National Wetland Park, new district of Lanzhou city were selected as the research objects,and the composition of soil aggregates and the particle size distribution of organic carbon under the two plant communities were analyzed. The results showed that the contents of soil aggregates in the two plant communities were significantly different, and the aggregates in the soil aggregates in the 0~30 cm soil layer were mainly >2 mm and 0.5~1 mm in particle size. The organic carbon content in the soil of Suaeda salsa and Salicornia europaea showed a V-shaped distribution in the soil layer of 0~30 cm. The content of organic carbon in >2 mm and <0.25 mm particle size aggregates in the two communities was highe, but their average contribution to organic carbon was small. Although the organic carbon in the aggregates was low in the 0.5~1 mm particle sizes, but their average contribution rate was as high as 27.74%. Which indicated that the soil organic carbon was protected by >2 mm and <0.25 mm grain size aggregates in inland salt marshes. Soil organic carbon content was positively correlated with >2 mm, 1~2 mm and 0.5~1 mm aggregates （P<0.05）. In conclusion, the carbon sequestration capacity of Salicornia europaea community is stronger. Increasing the content of >2 mm particle size aggregates in soil can effectively enhance the soil's corrosion resistance. The aggregates with particle size <0.25 mm can hold more stable carbon sources, reduce soil erosion, and improve the carbon sequestration capacity of inland salt marsh wetlands.

Effects of temperature and frozen-thawed on cadmium adsorption enhancement by adding biochar in degraded soil

XIA Kun, LI Yun-gui, GONG Meng-sha, WU Cai-xia

2021, 60(7): 53-60. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.009

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Cd and degraded soils from northwestern Sichuan province were selected to investigate the effects of temperature and frozen-thawed adsorption enhancement by adding biochar in degraded soil which is of great significance on the application of biochar in alpine regions. The adsorption enhancement by biochar adding in degraded soil was found to be less affected by temperature. However, the influence of frozen-thawed on adsorption enhancement by biochar adding in degraded soil could not be ignored, which was related to the degree of soil degradation and the initial concentration of Cd. At low Cd concentrations, the Cd adsorption enhancement of biochar on mildly and moderately degraded soils notably decreased after frozen-thawed while the Cd adsorption enhancement effect on severely degraded soils was slightly improved. The key factor affecting the Cd adsorption enhancement of biochar on degraded soil was the degree of soil degradation, the adsorption enhancement would be higher as soil degradation became more serious. In the current study, biochar was demonstated which can effectively strengthen the adsorption and sequestration of heavy metals in degraded soils in alpine regions, reducing the environmental risk in migration and plant uptake of heavy metals.

Vertical characteristics of soil physical and chemical properties in China-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city

ZHOU Guo-hua

2021, 60(7): 61-73. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.010

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Soil samples were collected and tested for total salt content, sodium and potassium ions, pH value, available phosphorus and available potassium in China-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city. Interpolation maps of physical and chemical properties of various soil depths were drawn to analyze the vertical distribution characteristics of soil physical and chemical properties. The results showed that the indexes changed regularly in different depth soil layers, mainly salt, sodium and potassium ions, chloride ion showed surface accumulation phenomenon; available phosphorus and available potassium were at a higher level, also showed surface accumulation characteristics.

Research on environmental protection under the background of village tourism development in Tibetan ethnic areas of Sichuan province：Taking Shenzuo village in Aba county as an example

XUE Meng-chun

2021, 60(7): 74-76. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.011

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Taking Shenzuo village, Aba county, Aba prefecture, Sichuan province as an example, using in-depth interviews and observation methods, we understand that the destroyed ecological environment of Shenzuo village has been restored by routine method, the influence of religion, andinfluence of traditional custom. The ecological environment reproduces the beauty of the original “Xanadu” and realizes the benign interaction between tourism development and environmental protection.

Preliminary study on Polygonatum sibiricum interplanting techniques of different tree species under forest

CHEN Feng-lei, MENG De-yu, WANG Hong-jun, LI Cai-hong

2021, 60(7): 77-79. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.012

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In order to excavate Polygonatum sibiricum resources in Wudang Mountain region, create characteristic industries, make use of the rich forest fruit and wood resources in this region to develop undergrowth economy, and improve land income per unit area, the interplanting experiment of P. sibiricum under different species of trees was carried out. The results showed that, the survival rate, growth potential, disease and yield of P. sibiricum were significantly different under different species of trees, it was found that under the forest of deciduous trees, such as flowering oak, the growth was the best, the disease was less, and the yield was higher.

Study on creeping properties of Eucalyptus dunnii

LUO Yi-han, ZHANG Rong-bo, LIANG Jian-xin, LU Cui-xiang, DIAO Hai-lin

2021, 60(7): 80-83. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.013

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The experiment was carried out to test the bending creep characteristic of Eucalyptus dunnii by electrical measuring method and tried to give an evaluation method. The experiment results showed that, both the ability to withstand instantaneous elastic deformation and sustained viscosity deformation decreased with increasing stress; The ability to withstand delayed elastic deformation was strongest when the bending stress was 40%σ_b; The ability to withstand creep deformation in radial was stronger than in tangential for E. dunnii under the same stress. E. dunnii had a good ability to withstand creep through the preliminary assessment.

Effects of different light quality on adventitious bud induction of peony Wulongpengsheng

GUO Li, ZHU Fei-xue, KOU Yan-ling, JIA Wen-qing

2021, 60(7): 84-86. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.014

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Using peony varieties Wulongpengsheng lateral buds as the explants, peony Wulongpengsheng adventitious buds were treated by LED light red, white, blue, green and yellow five kinds of light, to determine the number of adventitious bud, height, growth potential, callus, et al, and study the effects of different light quality on adventitious bud induction. The results showed that, the proliferation rate of peony adventitious bud induction was the highest under white light, and red light was better than other light quality in monochromatic light, with the proliferation rate of 695.05%. The influence of different light quality on adventitious bud height was red light >yellow light >green light > white light >blue light; The adventitious bud growth potential of peony under white light is better than other light qualities. Red and blue light promote callus growth. The effects of different light quality on the adventitious bud induction of peony were studied in order to provide data reference and theoretical basis for the peony tissue culture special LED light source research and development.

Study on the ornamental value of garden plants of Viburnum in Hubei

LI Shuang-long, LI Chun-lin, XIANG Wei, CHEN Wei, DUN Chun-yao, HUANG Sheng, CHEN Bei-bei

2021, 60(7): 87-89. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.015

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There are more than 200 species of Viburnum on the earth, which are distributed in subtropical and temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. In China, according to the statistics, there are 143 classifications, which are distributed in all provinces of the country. The plants of Viburnum have beautiful tree shape and various flowers and leaves, and their fruit color changes a lot. They have strong environmental adaptability and are also excellent ornamental plant resources. This paper will mainly analyze the ornamental value of the genus Viburnum.

Study on the diversity of medicinal plants in Dunhuang's Tibetan medical literature

LI Jia-tai

2021, 60(7): 90-94. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.016

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Using literature research method, the preliminary study on the medicinal plant species and their medicinal efficacy mentioned in Changjuan, a Tibetan medicine collection in Dunhuang was carried out. The results showed that there are 79 species of traditional Chinese medicinal plants with 41 families, of which 63.4% are single family plants. The paper provides a statistical analysis of the geographical distribution of these plants and the medicinal parts.

Survey on edible（medicinal） macrofungi resources in Jinxiu estuary protection station

SONG Dan, HAN Lu, YANG Hong, NA Xi-xue, NING Xiao-qing, QIN Guo-le

2021, 60(7): 95-98. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.017

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By the combination of sample line and tap-and-check method, macro and micro-characteristic scant, the family, genus and species was classified, and the edible（medicinal） macrofungi resources in Jinxiu estuary protection station was sorted out. The results showed that, the large edible fungus belonged to 23 genus 37 species, of which 31 species were edible macrofungi, six kinds of edible- medicinal macrofungi, and the advantage belonged to Russula. The investigation of the edible（medicinal） macrofungi provides references for the protection, development and sustainable utilization of edible （medicinal） macrofungi resources in Jinxiu estuary protection station.

Effects of different media components on the growth of Mycoplasma bovis

YAN Ming-shuai, XU Ye-fen, ZHANG Feng-xi, SUOLANG Si-zhu, NIU Jia-qiang

2021, 60(7): 99-102. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.018

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In order to understand the effects of different medium components on the growth of Mycoplasma bovis, the experiment selected 3 animal serums and 4 manufacturers' agars, and prepared 9 liquid media in sequence at 5%, 10%, and 15% serum concentrations. The growth test of Mycoplasma bovis was carried out; On this basis, four solid mediums were prepared sequentially with agar from 4 manufacturers, and the growth test of Mycoplasma bovis was carried out respectively. Through the determination of the OD value of the liquid medium and the performance of the solid medium index evaluation to judge the growth status of Mycoplasma bovis. The results show that Mycoplasma bovis can grow in 9 kinds of liquid media, and its OD value reaches the maximum when it is cultured for 60 h; When the serum concentration is the same,the OD value of the medium supplemented with horse serum is the same as that of the supplemented porcine serum. The OD value of the fetal bovine serum medium is significantly different （P<0.05）; When the same type of serum is added, the OD value of each medium supplemented with pig serum or fetal bovine serum is not significantly different （P>0.05）, and compared with the OD value of each medium supplemented with horse serum, the addition amount of 10% and 15% is significantly different from 5% （P<0.05）, while the difference between 10% and 15% is not significant （P>0.05）. The index performance scores of solid media are 9 points （BD company）, 7 points （a company in Hong Kong）, 5 points （a company in Shanghai）, and 6 points （a company in Chengdu）. It indicates that the liquid medium supplemented with 10% horse serum is most suitable for the growth of Mycoplasma bovis. The solid medium should be based on this liquid medium, and the solid medium prepared by adding BD agar is the most suitable for the growth of Mycoplasma bovis.

Identification of two milk proteins of sow by mass spectrometry

YUE An-qi, LUO Hui-hui, HUANG Wei-ping, CHEN Deng-quan, JIN Su-yu, HUANG Lin, ZHENG Yu-cai

2021, 60(7): 103-105. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.019

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In order to identify several protein components of porcine milk, whole milk samples of large white pigs （n=8） were collected, and skim milk was obtained by centrifugation. SDS-PAGE was employed to separate skim milk proteins, and tree protein bands on SDS-gel were cut off, followed by treatments of reductive alkylation and trypsin digestion. The resulting peptides were loaded on LC-MS/MS to identify the three proteins with low molecular weight. Two proteins including β-lactoglobulin （β-LG） and whey acidic protein （WAP） were identified successfully. WAP may probably affect porcine milk functions.

Quality standard of compound BuQi oral liquid

WANG Ye-zi, ZHANG Ying, ZHOU Qi, GAN Guo-ping, TAN Zhong-chuan, ZHANG Yan-miao

2021, 60(7): 106-109. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.020

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Astragali radix praeparata cum melle, ginseng radix et rhizoma, and cuscutae semen were identified qualitatively by TLC in compound BuQi oral liquid. The content of astragaloside IV in compound BuQi oral liquid was determined by HPLC. The results showed that the TLC of astragali radix praeparata cum melle, ginseng radix et rhizoma, and cuscutae semen were good in the separation degree. There was a good linear relationship between the logarithm （X） of the injection amount and the logarithm （Y） of the peak area within the range of 1.402~14.024 μg. The regression equation was Y=1.673 5X+1.926 3,r=0.999 2（n= 5）. The average recovery rate was 99.40% and the RSD was 4.15%（n=6）. The method established in this study is specific, simple, fast and reliable, and can be used for quality control of compound BuQi oral liquid.

Determination of mineral elements in mulberry and mulberry leaves in Lintong,Shaanxi province by flame atomic absorption spectrometry

WANG Qian

2021, 60(7): 110-112. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.021

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The sample was digested with HNO₃-HCIO₄ mixed acid, and the contents of Fe, Mg, Ca, Mn, Zn and Cu in mulberry and mulberry leaves in Lintong county of Shaanxi province were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Meanwhile, the precision and standard addition recovery tests were conducted, and the contents of mineral elements in mulberry and mulberry leaves were compared and analyzed. The experimental results show that both mulberry and mulberry leaves contain rich trace elements, and the order of mineral element content in mulberry and mulberry leaves are Ca>Mg>Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu, in order to provide theoretical basis for deep processing, nutrition, medical research and development and utilization of mulberry and mulberry leaves.

Interaction between catechin and chitosan oligosaccharide with superior synergistic antibacterial activity

CHEN Zi-ting, TANG Shi-miao, TAN Jiang-ying, WU Qian

2021, 60(7): 113-115. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.022

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The effect of catechin mixed with chitosan oligosaccharide on Escherichia coli BNCC 185254 was determined. The results showed that the bacteriostatic effect was best when the mixture was 1∶4 （catechin∶chitosan oligosaccharide, W/W）. Furthermore, the structural characteristics of complex compounds were analyzed from the perspective of spectral changes and crystal patterns, and the results showed that the smaller molecular size of complex compounds might play an important role in enhancing the antibacterial activity. The mixture of catechin and chitosan oligosaccharide may be a more effective natural bacteriostat.

Study on high efficient propagation system of Actinidia arguta

LYU Hai-yan, LI Da-wei, FEI Zao-xia, ZHONG Cai-hong

2021, 60(7): 116-119. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.023

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The effects of different concentrations of 6-BA and NAA on bud induction, bud proliferation and rooting of stem section with axillary buds of Actinidia arguta were studied in this research. The stem section with axillary buds were choose as explants, which were induced to sterile seedlings with the best bud inducing medium MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.8 mg/L NAA. The germination rate from axillary buds of Actinidia arguta mizao No.1 and Actinidia arguta mizao No.2 were 95.8% and 97.5% respectively. Sterile seedlings of mizao No.1 and mizao No.2 were cut into stems with 2~3 leaves, which were inoculated on the bud proliferation medium （MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.25 mg/L NAA）. The growth coefficient of proliferation buds of mizao No.1 and mizao No.2 during a 45-day cycle are 4.3 and 6.3, respectively. The best rooting medium was 1/2MS + 0.5 mg/L IBA, which made 100% rooting rate. The survival rate of rooting tissue culture seedlings can reach more than 95% three months after transplanting.

Construction of the thermostable xylanase whole-cell biocatalyst based on yeast cell surface display technology and enzymatic analyses

DENG Xiang-lian, LIU Qing-yi, XIONG Hai-rong, ZHANG Li

2021, 60(7): 120-125. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.024

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Xylanase is an important industrial enzyme with great potential for applications in feed, paper, textiles, food and other fields. In this study, the xylanase DSB was displayed on the cell surface of pichia pastoris using the cell wall protein Gcw61 as an anchor protein. The highest activity of DSB whole-cell biocatalyst reached 13 510 U/g by shake-flask fermentation. Then the enzymatic properties of DSB whole-cell biocatalyst and free enzyme were determined. The results showed that the optimum reaction temperature of both enzymes was 65 ℃ and the optimum reaction pH was 6.5. But the thermal stability of DSB whole-cell biocatalyst was better than free xylanase under high temperature condition 70 ℃ and acidic condition pH 3.0. In addition, the DSB whole-cell biocatalyst could maintain high enzyme activity and was more stable than free xylanase under high concentration of NaCl, methanol and various metal ions （Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Ni²⁺）.

Determine full-length coding sequence of matK gene and its coding products in Tetrastigma hemsleyanum

WU Hao, ZHOU Lei, YUAN Li-xia, SUN Chong-lu

2021, 60(7): 126-129. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.025

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The matK gene of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum was studied, we study the full coding sequence and the amino acid sequence characteristics of its products using bioinformatics analysis, and the molecular phylogenetic tree of 14 species of celastigma hemsleyanum was constructed. The results showed that the matK gene of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum was 969 bp in size with six open reading frames; it was a hydrophilic protein; the signal peptide splicing site was predicted to be between 64~65 amino acids; the subcellular localization protein only existed in chloroplast; the genetic relationship between Tetrastigma hemsleyanum and Tetrastigma obovatum was the closest, the genetic relationship between Tetrastigma hemsleyanum and Tetrastigma obtectum was the farthest.

Research and application of digital construction of small pump station based on OneNET platform

CHEN Hao, CHEN Xing, LIU Fang, MA Peng

2021, 60(7): 130-134. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.026

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Digital construction is a key step in the intelligent construction of small pump stations. It can help managers grasp the running status of small pump stations in real time, and timely check the voltage and current of pump motors, channel level, pipeline pressure and other sensor equipment to collect small pumps. The OneNET platform is a free and open mass platform operated by China Mobile. The platform's own operating system is very complete, safe and reliable. It provides developers with device-side SDK, a large amount of data stream storage space, and password protection for communication transmission channels. Safe protection measures are fully in line with the research and application of digital construction. The main function of OneNET platform in the digital construction of small pump stations is to store the data of small pump stations and to issue control commands.

Recognition of ophiopogon japonicus disease based on image feature fusion

YANG Tao, LEI Jin, ZHU Hao-rui, HU Qin-yun, LONG Bo

2021, 60(7): 135-138. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.027

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The images of three diseases of black spot, anthracnose and leaf blight of Sichuan wheat and winter leaves were taken the research object, the bimodal method, Otsu threshold segmentation method and K-means clustering segmentation algorithm were compared and analyzed on the image of ophiopogon japonicus. The segmentation effect showed that the K-means clustering algorithm combined with the mathematical morphology processing method can meet the segmentation requirements; then, the color, shape and texture information of the lesion image was extracted into the lesion feature vector; then, the variance analysis and principal component analysis method was used to eliminate the characteristic parameters with poor disease characterization ability and reduce the eigenvector dimension to 10 dimensions. Finally, the classifier for disease identification was designed by the support vector machine, which recognition rate reached 90% after the experiment. The method has the advantages of low cost, simple algorithm and high efficiency, and basically meets the requirements of practical applications.

A hybrid e-government framework based on cloud computing and service-oriented architecture

ZHANG Hua

2021, 60(7): 139-144. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.028

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In order to solve the problems of government budget reduction, service demand increase, limited human resources and the change of scalability demand, this paper proposed an E-government architecture based on cloud computing and service-oriented architecture, so that the masses and enterprises can easily and efficiently obtain government related services without the limitation of time and region. In order to verify the usefulness of the proposed framework, Cloudsim simulator was used. The results show that the framework provided a powerful framework for E-government, provided the reusability and discoverability of government services, and provided solutions for some cloud computing problems. It provides more choices for the construction of government E-government to help implement and improve E-government and create new employment opportunities.

Classification method of kiwifruit based on surface defect recognition

YANG Tao, MA Jing-jing, LEI Jin

2021, 60(7): 145-148. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.029

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Aiming at the problems of single classification method and high classification cost of kiwifruit in China, this paper proposes a classification method based on kiwifruit surface defects. A set of kiwifruit image acquisition system is built. The K-means clustering segmentation algorithm was used to segment the surface defects, and then the color contrast was used to determine whether it was a residual fruit. Then, the shape features of normal fruit were extracted and SVM classifier was designed to further determine its grade. This method has the advantages of low cost, simple algorithm and high efficiency, which opens a new way for fruit classification, and is of great significance to promote the development of fruit classification industry in China and enhance international competitiveness.

The influence and reflection of elite capture in basic aging service industry

QIU Kai

2021, 60(7): 149-154. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.030

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On the basis of defining the connotation of basic pension service industry, by introducing the theory of elite capture and combining with field research, this study identified elite capture phenomena in four kinds of allocation processes of the resource elements of basic pension service industry, including the public construction and private operation of elder care institutions, the procurement of aging service facilities, the government's financing of outsourcing aging services, and the bidding of aging service related topics. It is found that elite capturewill lead to unsatisfactory effect of government projects, impact excellent pension service enterprises, hinder the orderly development of pension service industry ,difficult to guarantee the quality of pension service, and aggravate the social injustice. This study reflects on the aspects of the government responsibility orientation, the procurement procedure, the quality evaluation and supervision mechanism, and the collusion between power holders and resource captors.

Research on enterprise value evaluation of shared economy based on number of users：Taking Uber as an example

PENG Wu-yuan, LI Na

2021, 60(7): 155-160. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.031

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Based on the problem of virtual high valuation of shared economy enterprises, this paper analyzed the current situation of valuation, found out the reasons behind the chaos, tried to interpret from the perspective of stakeholders, and selected the Metcalfe model based on the number of users to value Uber, the results showed that the valuation level was much lower than the actual market value. It also shows that the number of users is not the decisive indicator of enterprise valuation, and the reasonable valuation of enterprises also need to refer to the current life cycle of the enterprise, business model, profitability, development prospects and other factors.

Study on agricultural production efficiency in Xinjiang based on data envelopment model

XU Kang-ning, YU Xiao-ling

2021, 60(7): 161-165. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.032

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Aiming at the current agricultural production efficiency and its problems in Xinjiang, the data envelopment analysis （DEA） was used to calculate the agricultural production efficiency of 11 states in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region. The results showed that the comprehensive technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of Turpan city, Bayingol Mongolian autonomous prefecture, Aksu city and Kashgar region were all 1.000. DEA was effective and agricultural the allocation of production factors was perfect. The pure technical efficiency of Ili Kazak autonomous prefecture, Tarbagatay region, Urumqi city and Karamay city was 1.000, the other efficiency values were less than 1.000, DEA had weak effectiveness, the DEA values of Hami city, Altay region and Hotan region were invalid, the agricultural production efficiency was low, the technical use efficiency was not mature, and the proportion of input and output value was not consistent. Therefore, the corresponding suggestions are put forward in agricultural division and cooperation, coordinated development, scientific and technological innovation, and factor circulation.

Study on spatial distribution characteristics of service industry in western urban area based on DBSCAN clustering：A case study of Chengxi district, Xining city

ZHU Li, LI Xiao-ling, WANG Lu, YANG Cheng-zhong, XIE Fen-fen

2021, 60(7): 166-174. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.033

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Based on the POI data of the service industry in Chengxi district of Xining city, this study analyzed the DBSCAN clustering results of the overall and sub industry POI data of the service industry in Chengxi district, explored the spatial layout structure and clustering characteristics of the service industry in Chengxi district, and maked a comparative analysis of the layout of the service industry in different regions. The results show that the service industry of Chengxi district of Xining city generally presents the spatial distribution characteristics of “two points and one line”, with Haihu Wanda Plaza and Limeng Commercial Pedestrian Street as the two central points, mainly distributes around the “two points” line, two points are the central agglomeration, and the difference between north and south is obvious, and the proportion of traditional service industry is too large. The distribution of boundary points and noise points is centralized and regular, which shows the potential area of service industry accumulation in Chengxi district. Although the service industry of all walks of life are affected by different factors, its agglomeration characteristics have little difference.The development level of the service industry in the Chengxi district is lower than that in the eastern and central regions, and the spatial development is unbalanced, which is significantly affected by the accessibility of transportation.

Research on the utilization efficiency of agricultural water resources in Yangtze river economic zone：An empirical analysis based on DEA-Malmquist model

ZENG Xin-yun, XIE Yu-han, CHEN Wen-wen

2021, 60(7): 175-180. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.034

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Based on the panel data of 11 provinces in the Yangtze river economic zone from 2009 to 2018, DEA-Malmquist model was used to calculate the utilization efficiency of agricultural water resources and total factor productivity. Then it revealed the dynamic change trend of agricultural water resources utilization efficiency in different periods and regions of the Yangtze river economic zone.The empirical results showed that the utilization efficiency of agricultural water resources in the Yangtze river economic zone from 2009 to 2018 presented an inverted u-shaped change with time. The utilization efficiency of agricultural water resources in the upstream area of the Yangtze river economic zone, such as Chongqing and Sichuan, was relatively high. While the utilization efficiency of agricultural water resources in the downstream area of the Yangtze river economic zone, such as Jiangsu, still had great room for improvement. According to the Malmquist TFP and its decomposition results, the utilization efficiency of agricultural water resources in the Yangtze river economic zone declined by 4.30% from 2009 to 2018. Technological change was the main factor affecting total factor productivity. Based on this, it puts forward some suggestions on increasing R&D investment, strengthening water resources management, optimizing the allocation of agricultural production resources, and enhancing regional exchanges and cooperation.

Study on the intergovernmental governance mechanism of rural public crisis based on EMAC model

LI Hui-ya

2021, 60(7): 181-185. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.035

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With the evolution of regional integration and the superposition of the risk of factor liquidity, the characteristics of the spread of public crisis across administrative regions and functional boundaries are increasingly prominent. Rural areas, as the high incidence areas of public crisis, need to improve the emergency management capacity.This study analyzed the governments of the rural public crisis management, based on the “Emergency Management Assistance Compact” （EMAC） model of operation experience and established the inter-governmental cooperative governance mechanism of “vertical and horizontal linkage and multiple interaction” of China's grass-roots governments. It aims to provide useful suggestions for the modernization of China's crisis management system at the grassroots level.

Evolutional analysis on the coordinated development of population,resources and environment：A case study of Jiangsu province

DU Xiao, WANG Qing-jun

2021, 60(7): 186-190. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.036

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The coordinated development of population, resources and environment is of great significance to promote the overall high-quality development of the region. This study taked Jiangsu province as an example, then used the entropy method to measure the level of coordinated development of population, resources and environment, and further analyzed the effect of coordinated development of population, resources and environment on economic development through impulse response. The results show that the level of coordinated development of population, resources and environment in Jiangsu province is good, but there is still a gap with the highly coordinated development stage; Compared with promoting the development of a single system, promoting the overall coordinated development of population, resources and environment has a longer-term impact on economic growth. Correspondingly, some suggestions are put forward to promote the coordinated development of population, resources and environment,such as the establishment of innovative research platform of population, resources and environment, the improvement of comprehensive utilization level and utilization efficiency of resources, and the development of new energy.

Research on the coupling development of transportation network accessibility and urbanization in border areas of Yunnan province

HONG Dong-fang, LUO Hua-song, QIN Jie

2021, 60(7): 191-196. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.037

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The coupling coordination model and entropy method were used to analyze the traffic network accessibility and urbanization development level of 8 states （cities） along the border of Yunnan province in 2019, and the coupling coordination degree was measured and the coordination types were divided. The results show that the accessibility coefficient of the traffic network in border states （cities） of Yunnan province is between 0.82 and 1.17, and the traffic network system needs to be further developed and improved; The comprehensive development level of urbanization is between 0.05 and 0.20, and the level of urbanization lags far behind the accessibility of transportation network. The degree of coupling coordination between transportation network and urbanization is at a medium level of development, showing obvious regional differences; According to the degree of coupling coordination, the 8 states （cities） along the border of Yunnan province are divided into 2 development categories and 5 development characteristics, and the coordinated development paths are proposed for regions with different development types.

The difficulties and countermeasures of the three rights division reform of homesteads from the perspective of rural revitalization

ZHU Qiang, WANG Qian

2021, 60(7): 197-200. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.07.038

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The three rights division reform of homestead is the key to realize rural revitalization and solve the “three rural” issues. As an important change in china's rural land system, it is of great significance to revitalize rural land resources and promote rural economic development. Through combing its historical evolution process and analyzing the status quo of the use of homesteads, so as to find out the real dilemmas of the three rights division of rural homesteads, and put forward optimization suggestions on specific issues to provide reference for the comprehensive implementation of the three rights division reform.

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