小麦秸秆基高分子缓释肥在番茄中的应用效果

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.09.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探究保水型高分子缓释肥在农业生产上的实际应用效果,以不保水的含营养元素氮、磷、钾的高分子缓释肥（PSRF）和PSRF与吸水树脂SAP_WS物理混合（PSRF+SAP_WS）处理为对照,通过盆栽试验研究了含小麦秸秆具有半互穿网状结构的保水功能的高分子缓释肥（SI-PSRF/SAP_WS）对土壤氮养分含量和酶活性、番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum Miller）植株生理特性和果实品质的影响。结果表明,SI-PSRF/SAP_WS处理后的土壤中NO₃^--N、NH₄⁺-N含量分别比PSRF增加了45.16%~75.46%、52.85%~81.80%;SI-PSRF/SAP_WS处理的土壤脲酶活性要明显高于PSRF和PSRF+SAPWS处理,但是3种施肥处理对土壤过氧化氢酶活性的影响没有明显差异;3种施肥处理的番茄实际产量分别是空白处理的2.5、2.8和3.5倍,且SI-PSRF/SAP_WS处理的实际番茄产量分别是PSRF和PSRF+SAP_WS的1.4和1.2倍;SI-PSRF/SAPWS处理的番茄红素相比PSRF降低了15.26%。由此可知,含小麦秸秆具有半互穿网状结构的保水型高分子缓释肥可以明显提高土壤氮含量、土壤酶活性、番茄产量以及品质,可广泛应用在农业实际生产中。

关键词: 小麦秸秆, 高分子缓释肥, 土壤养分, 番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum Miller）, 品质, 产量

Abstract: In order to explore the practical application effect of water-retaining polymer slow release fertilizer in agriculture, taking the non-water-retaining polymer slow release fertilizer containing nutrient element NPK（PSRF） and PSRF and water absorbing resin SAP_WS physical mixing （PSRF+SAP_WS） as control, the effects of polymer-release slow-release fertilizer with semi-interpenetrating network structure （SI-PSRF/SAP_WS） on soil nitrogen nutrient content, soil enzyme activity, tomato plant physiological characteristics and tomato quality were studied by pot experiment. The results showed that, compared with PSRF, the contents of NO₃^--N and NH₄⁺-N in the soil treated by SI-PSRF/SAP_WS were increased by 45.16% to 75.46%, 52.85% to 81.80%, respectively. Soil urease activity treated by SI-PSRF/SAP_WS was significantly higher than PSRF and PSRF+SAPWS treatment, but there was no significant difference in the effects of three fertilizations on soil catalase activity. Compared with no fertilization control, the actual yield of tomato applied fertilization was 2.5 times, 2.8 times and 3.5 times, respectively, and the actual tomato yield of SI-PSRF/SAP_WS treatment was 1.4 times and 1.2 times that of PSRF and PSRF+SAP_WS, respectively. Lycopene of tomato treated by SI-PSRF/SAP_WS was 15.26% lower than PSRF. In conclusion, SI-PSRF/SAP_WS can significantly improve soil nitrogen nutrient content, soil enzyme activity, tomato yield and quality, and can be widely used in agricultural actual production.

Key words: wheat straw, slow-release polymeric fertilizer, soil nutrients, tomato （Lycopersicon esculentum Miller）, quality yield

中图分类号:

S143

赵海东, 宋江, 向阳, 赵贵哲, 刘亚青. 小麦秸秆基高分子缓释肥在番茄中的应用效果[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2019, 58(9): 52-57.

ZHAO Hai-dong, SONG Jiang, XIANG Yang, ZHAO Gui-zhe, LIU Ya-qing. The application effect of wheat straw-based polymer slow release fertilizer in tomato[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2019, 58(9): 52-57.

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