湖北农业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (11): 31-34.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.11.008

• 育种·栽培 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于着粒密度的湖北省水稻穗型分类及其与产量和品质的关系研究

房振兵1, 汪本福2, 田永宏1, 陈波1, 范兵1, 赵沙沙1, 潘高峰1   

  1. 1.湖北省襄阳市农业科学院,湖北 襄阳 441057;
    2.湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所/粮食作物种质资源创新与遗传改良湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430064
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-18 出版日期:2019-06-10 发布日期:2019-12-05
  • 通讯作者: 潘高峰,研究实习员,主要从事水稻栽培研究,(电话)13720279989(电子信箱)xaaspgf@126.com。
  • 作者简介:房振兵(1968-),男,湖北仙桃人,农艺师,主要从事农作物技术推广与研究,(电话)13871666902(电子信箱)xffzb@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0301402-02; 2016YFD0300503)

Classification of panicle type and its relationship with grain yield and quality of rice based on grain density in Hubei province

FANG Zhen-bing1, WANG Ben-fu2, TIAN Yong-hong1, CHEN Bo1, FAN Bing1, ZHAO Sha-sha1, PAN Gao-feng1   

  1. 1.Xiangyang Agricultural Science Academy of Hubei Province,Xiangyang 441057,Hubei,China;
    2.Food Crops Institute,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement,Wuhan 430064,China
  • Received:2019-03-18 Online:2019-06-10 Published:2019-12-05

摘要: 采用2017年湖北省中稻区试汇总报告中74个品种的产量构成因素、产量、稻米品质等数据,选用着粒密度进行聚类分析,并参考前人的分类标准,确定出着粒密度的穗型划分标准;进一步通过回归分析和方差分析探究着粒密度与产量的关系,并对穗型与稻米品质的相关性进行了分析。结果表明,74个水稻(Oryza sative L.)品种的穗部性状存在差异,变异系数从大到小依次为着粒密度、千粒重、穗粒数、有效穗、结实率、穗长,着粒密度的变异系数超过10%;74个品种按照着粒密度划分为3类穗型,着粒密度大于7.96粒/cm的为密穗型,小于6.85粒/cm的为稀穗型,介于两者之间的为中穗型;这3种穗型的品种在穗长、穗粒数、结实率、千粒重、着粒密度等指标上存在显著差异;产量与着粒密度呈典型抛物线关系(F=17.83,P<0.01),着粒密度为7.5~8.5粒/cm时产量达到峰值;中穗型的外观品质(垩白粒率、垩白度)、加工品质(出糙率、精米率、整精米率)、蒸煮品质(胶稠度、碱消值)均优于稀穗型和密穗型。因此,为保证选育高产且优质的水稻品种,应把着粒密度控制在7.5~8.0粒/cm。

关键词: 水稻(Oryza sative L.), 穗型, 着粒密度, 产量, 品质, 湖北省

Abstract: Using the date of yield components, yield, and rice quality of 74 varieties from the mid-season regional trial summary report in Hubei in 2017, cluster analysis was carried out by grain density, and on the basis of this result the classification standard of grain density were determined by reference to the classification of predecessors. The relationship between grain density and yield was analyzed by regression analysis and variance analysis, and the correlation between panicle type and rice quality was analyzed. The results showed that there were differences in panicle traits among 74 rice(Oryza sative L.) cultivars. The coefficients of variation according to the order from big to small is grain density, 1 000-grain weight, grain number, panicle number, seed setting rate, panicle length. 74 varieties were divided into three types based on the grain density in panicle, including the dense panicle type, the loose panicle type and the semi-dense panicle type. The grain density was higher than 7.96 grain/cm for the dense panicle type, less than 6.85 grain/cm for the loose panicle type, and between 6.85 and 7.86 for the semi-dense panicle type. There were significant differences in panicle length, grain number, seed setting rate,1 000-grain weight, grain density among these three type varieties. Yield and grain density showed a typical parabolic relationship(F=17.83,P<0.01), and the yield reached the highest when the grain density was between 7.5 and 8.5 grains/cm. The appearance quality(chalky grain rate, chalkiness), milling quality (brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate) and cooking quality (gel consistency, alkali spreading value) of the dense panicle type were better than the loose panicle type and the semi-dense panicle type. Therefore, in order to ensure the high yield and high quality of the new varieties to be selected, it is necessary to control the grain density between 7.5 and 8.0 grain/cm as much as possible.

Key words: rice(Oryza sative L.), panicle type, grain density, yield, quality, Hubei province

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