湖北农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (10): 33-38.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.10.006

• 资源·环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

1953—2020年安康市高温特征指数的变化研究

任青青1,2, 张淑兰1, 张海军1, 刘全玉1   

  1. 1.安康学院陕西省院士专家工作站,陕西 安康 725000;
    2.华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉 430070
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-12 出版日期:2022-05-25 发布日期:2022-06-14
  • 通讯作者: 张淑兰(1980-),女,副教授,博士,硕士生导师,主要从事气候变化、生态水文过程与模型应用研究,(电话)18249257316(电子信箱)350234110@qq.com。
  • 作者简介:任青青(1996-),女,陕西咸阳人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为气象与环境。
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省教育厅自然科学专项(18JK0016); 安康市科技局项目(AK2019NY-08); 安康学院高层次人才引进项目(2018AYQDZR12); 省级大学生创新训练项目(S202011397086)

Study on the variation of high temperature characteristic index of Ankang city in 1953—2020

REN Qing-qing1,2, ZHANG Shu-lan1, ZHANG Hai-jun1, LIU Quan-yu1   

  1. 1. Academician and Expert Workstation of Shaanxi Province, Ankang University, Ankang 725000, Shaanxi,China;
    2. College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070,China
  • Received:2021-04-12 Online:2022-05-25 Published:2022-06-14

摘要: 利用秦巴山区安康气象站1953—2020年逐日最高气温和1980—2020年逐日最小相对湿度资料,采用常规气候统计分析、线性回归、5年滑动平均和Mann-Kendall检验法,对安康市极端高温、高温日数、持续高温过程和酷热日数等高温特征指数进行计算和分析。结果表明,安康市的极端高温平均为39 ℃,以7月出现频次最多;高温日出现在4—9月,年平均高温日数25 d,以7、8月出现较多,平均月高温日数分别为9.5 d和9.2 d;最早出现高温天气是在1953年4月12日,最晚是在2010年9月19日;极端高温最大值出现在2017年7月27日,达41.9 ℃;年平均持续高温次数3.4次,平均持续时间为5.3 d,最长可达16 d;酷热日数出现在6—9月,相对湿度较大且最高温在32.9 ℃以上时发生,年平均酷热日数10.2 d,明显少于高温日数,且8.3%的酷热日未伴随高温日出现。各高温特征指数年代际变化表现出周期性;极端高温、高温日数、持续高温次数年代际变化均呈高-低-平-高的波动下降趋势,而酷热日数则呈低-高-略低-高的波动上升趋势。除极端高温未发生突变外,高温日数、持续高温和酷热日数均有突变。

关键词: 高温特征, 趋势分析, 突变分析, 安康市

Abstract: Based on the daily maximum temperature from 1953 to 2020 and daily minimum relative humidity from 1980 to 2020 in Ankang Meteorological Station, the high temperature characteristic indexes such as extreme high temperature, number of high temperature days, continuous high temperature process and number of extremely hot days were calculated and analyzed by using conventional climate statistical analysis, linear regression, 5-year moving average and Mann-Kendall test method. The results showed that the average extreme high temperature was 39 ℃ in Ankang city, with the most frequency in July; number of high temperature days occurred from April to September, with 25 d of the annual average number of high temperature days, and it was the most in July and August with the average monthly high temperature days for 9.5 days and 9.2 days, respectively; the hot weather occurred earlier on April 12, 1953 and lately on September 19, 2010, and the maximum extreme high temperature occurred on July 27, 2017 with 41.9 ℃; the average duration of high temperature was 3.4 times per year, with the average duration for 5.3 days and the longest duration up to 16 days; the number of extremely hot days occurred from June to September, when the relative humidity was high and the highest temperature was above 32.9 ℃. The annual average number of extremely hot days was significantly less than the number of high temperature days with 10.2 days, and 8.3% of the extremely hot days were not accompanied by high temperature days. The interdecadal variation of each high temperature characteristic index showed periodicity. The interdecadal variation of extreme high temperature, high temperature days and continuous high temperature times almost showed a high-low-flat-high fluctuation downward trend, while the number of very hot days was a low-high- slightly low-high fluctuating upward trend. Finally, There were mutations in the number of high temperature days, continuous high temperature days and extremely hot days except for extreme high temperature.

Key words: high temperature characteristics, trend analysis, mutation analysis, Ankang city

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