湖北农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (19): 11-14.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2022.19.002

• 育种·栽培 • 上一篇    下一篇

生物炭对不同穗型粳稻氮肥利用率的影响

崔月峰, 王健, 王桂艳, 蒋昆炜, 黄文佳, 卢铁钢, 孙国才   

  1. 铁岭市农业科学院,辽宁 铁岭 112616
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-09 出版日期:2022-10-10 发布日期:2022-11-04
  • 通讯作者: 孙国才,研究员,主要从事水稻育种、栽培和示范推广工作,(电子信箱)sunguocai1226@sina.com。
  • 作者简介:崔月峰(1984-),男,山西大同人,副研究员,博士,主要从事水稻育种和栽培研究,(电话)13624109880(电子信箱)sncyf552@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    辽宁省博士科研启动基金计划项目(2019-BS-237); 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-01-56)

Effect of biochar on nitrogen use efficiency of different panicle type japonica rice

CUI Yue-feng, WANG Jian, WANG Gui-yan, JIANG Kun-wei, HUANG Wen-jia, LU Tie-gang, SUN Guo-cai   

  1. Tieling Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tieling 112616, Liaoning, China
  • Received:2021-12-09 Online:2022-10-10 Published:2022-11-04

摘要: 以北粳1号和铁粳11作为试验材料,研究每公顷施用7.5、15.0 t生物炭对2种穗型粳稻(Oryza sativa L. subsp. japonica)氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明,与常规施肥相比,施用7.5 t/hm2生物炭对北粳1号和铁粳11在成熟期时叶、茎、穗的含氮量和吸氮量无显著影响,增施到15.0 t/hm2时,北粳1号的叶吸氮量和铁粳11的穗吸氮量提高,导致植株总吸氮量分别显著增加4.2%和6.8%。施用7.5 t/hm2生物炭时北粳1号氮素收获指数、氮素生理利用率无明显改变,但氮素回收率、氮肥农学利用率、氮肥偏生产力分别显著增加8.1%、18.0%和6.5%,而铁粳11只有氮素回收率显著增加9.6%;增施到15.0 t/hm2时,北粳1号的氮素回收率、氮素生理利用率、氮肥农学利用率、氮肥偏生产力分别显著增加9.0%、20.7%、31.1%和11.2%,铁粳11的氮素回收率、氮肥农学利用率、氮肥偏生产力分别显著增加13.3%、20.1%和7.4%,氮素生理利用率没有显著变化。施用生物炭能提高粳稻的氮肥利用率,半直立穗型品种铁粳11要施用高于直立穗型品种北粳1号的生物炭量才能实现氮素吸收利用体系的全面优化。

关键词: 生物炭, 穗型, 粳稻(Oryza sativa L. subsp. japonica), 氮肥利用率

Abstract: The effects of 7.5 and 15.0 t biochar per hectare on nitrogen use efficiency of two kinds of panicle type japonica rice (Oryza sativa L. subsp. japonica) were studied by using Beijing 1 and Tiejing 11 as experimental materials. The results showed that the application of 7.5 t/hm2 biochar had no significant effect on the nitrogen content and nitrogen uptake of leaves, stems and panicles of Beijing 1 and Tiejing 11 at the maturity stage compared with conventional fertilization. When the application rate increased to 15.0 t/hm2, the nitrogen uptake of leaves of Beijing 1 and the nitrogen uptake of panicles of Tiejing 11 increased, resulting in a significant increase of 4.2% and 6.8% in total nitrogen uptake of plants, respectively. When 7.5 t/hm2 biochar was applied, the nitrogen harvest index and nitrogen physiological utilization rate of Beijing 1 did not change significantly, but the nitrogen recovery rate, nitrogen agronomic utilization rate and nitrogen partial factor productivity increased significantly by 8.1%, 18.0% and 6.5%, respectively, while only the nitrogen recovery rate of Tiejing 11 increased significantly by 9.6%. When applied to 15.0 t/hm2, the nitrogen recovery rate, nitrogen physiological utilization rate, nitrogen agronomic utilization rate and nitrogen partial factor productivity of Beijing 1 increased by 9.0%, 20.7%, 31.1% and 11.2%, respectively. The nitrogen recovery rate, nitrogen agronomic utilization rate and nitrogen partial factor productivity of Tiejing 11 increased by 13.3%, 20.1% and 7.4%, respectively, there was no significant change in the nitrogen physiological utilization rate. The application of biochar can improve the nitrogen use efficiency of japonica rice. The semi-erect panicle variety Tiejing 11 needs to apply more biochar than the erect panicle variety Beijing 1 to achieve a comprehensive optimization of the nitrogen absorption and utilization system.

Key words: biochar, panicle type, Japonica rice(Oryza sativa L. subsp. japonica), nitrogen use efficiency

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