湖北农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (12): 46-50.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.010

• 资源·环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

氮肥优化对凤头姜产量和养分吸收利用的影响

徐大兵a, 周剑雄a, 胡洪涛b, 朱凤娟c, 袁家富a, 赵书军a   

  1. a.湖北省农业科学院,农业农村部废弃物肥料化利用重点实验室/植保土肥研究所,武汉 430064;
    b.湖北省农业科学院,湖北省生物农药工程研究中心,武汉 430064;
    c.湖北省农业科学院,经济作物研究所,武汉 430064
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-22 发布日期:2024-01-10
  • 通讯作者: 赵书军,男,研究员,主要从事土壤肥力与植物营养调控研究,(电子信箱)zhaosj11@163.com。
  • 作者简介:徐大兵(1983-),男,江苏淮安人,副研究员,博士,主要从事蔬菜施肥与土壤保育、农业废弃物资源化利用研究,(电话)027-88430565(电子信箱)dabing_xu@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    湖北省现代农业产业技术体系(HBHZD-ZB-2020-007); 湖北省农业科技创新中心重大科技研发项目(2020-620-000-002-06)

Effects of nitrogen fertilizer optimization on yield and nutrient absorption and utilization of Fengtou ginger

XU Da-binga, ZHOU Jian-xionga, HU Hong-taob, ZHU Feng-juanc, YUAN Jia-fua, ZHAO Shu-juna   

  1. a. Key Laboratory of Waste Fertilizer Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer, Wuhan 430064,China;
    b. Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Wuhan 430064,China;
    c. Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064,China
  • Received:2023-05-22 Published:2024-01-10

摘要: 通过2年田间试验,研究了来凤县凤头姜最佳施氮量及优化施肥对凤头姜产量和养分吸收利用的影响。结果表明,随着施氮量的增加,凤头姜产量、干物质量和氮素累积量均呈先增加后降低的变化趋势,且以450~495 kg/hm2施氮量为最佳。不同施氮量对凤头姜氮素利用效率和氮素农学利用率的影响不显著,但是增加施氮量却降低了氮肥偏生产力。与常规施肥(CF)相比,专用肥(SF)和缓控释肥(SRF)处理凤头姜产量分别增加了25.23%和13.96%,专用肥能够获得更高的干物质量和氮素累积量。较常规施肥而言,专用肥处理氮素利用效率、氮素农学利用率和氮肥偏生产力分别增加了19.33%、62.58%和25.23%,而缓控释肥处理则分别增加了13.33%、34.66%和13.96%。

关键词: 施氮量, 凤头姜, 专用肥, 缓释肥, 肥料利用率

Abstract: A 2-year field experiment was carried out to study the effects of nitrogen application rate and optimized fertilization on the yield and nutrient absorption and utilization of Fengtou ginger in Laifeng County. The results showed that with the increase of nitrogen application rate, the yield, dry matter quality, and nitrogen accumulation of Fengtou ginger showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and the optimal nitrogen application rate was 450~495 kg/hm2. The effects of different nitrogen application rates on nitrogen utilization efficiency and nitrogen fertilizer agronomic utilization efficiency of Fengtou ginger were not significant, but increasing nitrogen application rates reduced nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity. Compared with conventional fertilization(CF), specialized fertilizer(SF) and slow-release fertilizer(SRF) treatments increased the yield of Fengtou ginger by 25.23% and 13.96%, respectively. Specialized fertilizer could achieve higher dry matter quality and nitrogen accumulation. Compared to conventional fertilization, the nitrogen utilization efficiency, nitrogen agronomic utilization efficiency and nitrogen partial productivity of the specialized fertilizer treatment increased by 19.33%, 62.58% and 25.23%, respectively, while those of the slow-release fertilizer treatment increased by 13.33%, 34.66% and 13.96%, respectively.

Key words: nitrogen application rate, Fengtou ginger, special fertilization, slow-release fertilization, fertilizer utilization rate

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