关键词: 小麦(Triticum aestivumL.), 育成品种, 遗传多样性, 襄阳市农业科学院

Abstract: In order to identify the genetic diversity of wheat varieties bred by Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences and to guide parent selection, a genome-wide scan was conducted on 28 wheat varieties using the 100k SNP chip to analyze their genetic diversity. The results showed that the number of polymorphic mSNP loci was the highest on chromosome 2A (10 982) and the lowest on chromosome 4D (1 469). The distribution of polymorphic loci was relatively uniform on homologous chromosome groups, with the most on chromosome B and the least on chromosome D. The polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.096 to 0.375, with an average of 0.262. The genetic distances between the test materials ranged from 0.002 38 to 0.421 68, with an average of 0.305 84, and were mainly concentrated between 0.25 and 0.40, accounting for 70.63% of the total. Xiangmai 93 and Xiangmai 21 shared the closest genetic distance (0.002 38), while the maximum genetic distance (0.421 68) was observed between Xiangmai 1816 and Xiangmai 93. The 28 varieties were divided into three groups based on cluster analysis, with some varieties in the same cluster having relatively close genetic distances. Overall, the genetic diversity of the selected varieties was low, and their genetic backgrounds were similar. Therefore, it was necessary to strengthen the introduction of superior exogenous genes during variety selection.

Key words: wheat(Triticum aestivumL.), bred varieties, genetic diversity, Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences