关键词: 马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum L.), 种植密度, 施肥方式, 产量, 经济效益, 耦合效应

Abstract: Six potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties, including Feiwuruita, Gaoyuan No.2, Gaoyuan No.8, Qingshu No.9 original seed, Heimeiren (purple potato) and Wuyangyu, were used as experimental materials, and self-reserved seeds of Qingshu No.9 was used as control. Two planting densities, high density (57 000 plants/hm; ²) and low density (40 500 plants/hm; ²), were set to study their effects on potato yield and economic benefits. Additionally, using Wuyangyu as the material, six fertilization treatments were set up with two planting densities, and the effects of fertilization and planting density on the yield of Wuyangyu were analyzed. The results showed that, except for Heimeiren(purple potato), the per-plant yield under low-density planting was significantly higher than that under high-density planting. The effect of planting density on yield per hectare varied by variety. Under high-density planting, some varieties exhibited higher yields per hectare than under low-density planting, with Qingshu 9 original seed, Qingshu 9 self-reserved seed, and Heimeiren showing highly significant yield increases under high density. Wuyangyu achieved the highest yield of 37 976.12 kg/hm; ² when planted at high density with the application of organic fertilizer + compound fertilizer + 2.5 g/plant potassium sulfate. Among all varieties, Qingshu 9 original seed under high-density planting achieved the highest yield of 62 094.45 kg/hm; ². In terms of economic benefits, Heimeiren (purple potato) performed the best, with net profits of 47 303.40 yuan/hm; ² and 59 134.20 yuan/hm; ² under low and high densities, respectively, followed by Wuyangyu.

Key words: potato(Solanum tuberosum L.), planting density, fertilization method, yield, economic benefits, coupling effect