湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (4): 81-89.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.04.014

• 资源·环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

连作植烟土壤环境因子变化及其对烤烟化学品质的影响

陈振国1, 冯吉1, 孙玉晓2, 闫加力3, 田辉文4, 宋洪昌4, 柴利广5, 熊双莲6, 涂书新6, 张允政5, 李伟2, 刘必成2,6, 孙敬国1   

  1. 1.湖北省烟草科学研究院,武汉 430030;
    2.恩施州烟草公司,湖北 恩施 445500;
    3.湖北富硒产业研究院,武汉 430034;
    4.襄阳市烟草公司,湖北 襄阳 441799;
    5.十堰市烟草公司,湖北 十堰 442100;
    6.华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉 430070
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-10 出版日期:2026-04-25 发布日期:2026-05-06
  • 通讯作者: 孙敬国(1981-),男,山西长治人,高级农艺师,博士,主要从事烟田土壤保育、烟草营养代谢调控及粮烟融合研究,(电子信箱)sunjg596@hotmail.com。
  • 作者简介:陈振国(1975-),男,河南汝州人,研究员,博士,主要从事烟草栽培与调制技术研究,(电子信箱)hbskys1@163.com;刘必成(2000-),男,湖北随州人,助理农艺师,硕士,主要从事烟草栽培研究,(电子信箱)1941267847@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    湖北省烟草公司科技项目(2023KY3CGSXJB004); 中国烟草总公司重点项目(110202402012)

Changes in environmental factors of continuous cropping tobacco-planting soil and their effects on chemical quality of flue-cured tobacco

CHEN Zhen-guo1, FENG Ji1, SUN Yu-xiao2, YAN Jia-li3, TIAN Hui-wen4, SONG Hong-chang4, CHAI Li-guang5, XIONG Shuang-lian6, TU Shu-xin6, ZHANG Yun-zheng5, LI Wei2, LIU Bi-cheng2,6, SUN Jing-guo1   

  1. 1. Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, China;
    2. Enshi Tobacco Company, Enshi 445500, Hubei, China;
    3. Hubei Selenium-rich Industry Research Institute, Wuhan 430034, China;
    4. Xiangyang Tobacco Company, Xiangyang 441799, Hubei, China;
    5. Shiyan Tobacco Company, Shiyan 442100, Hubei, China;
    6. College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
  • Received:2025-11-10 Published:2026-04-25 Online:2026-05-06

摘要: 针对烤烟连作导致的土壤退化与品质下降问题,基于“土壤健康-微生物功能-烟叶品质”耦合视角,揭示连作障碍的深层驱动机制与精准调控路径。研究发现,尽管连作短期内提升了土壤有效养分,但其引发的土壤酸化及微生物多样性丧失(特别是真菌多样性下降与酸杆菌门相对丰度异常)产生的负面效应抵消了养分收益。真菌群落结构的失衡是驱动酶活性变化的关键因子,其通过抑制氧化还原酶活性并破坏酶系协同平衡间接制约石油醚提取物的合成与积累,最终导致烟叶香气品质下降。施用石灰质材料或生物炭将土壤pH调至5.5~6.0,协同实施平衡施肥、定向重塑酶活性谱系(提升氧化还原酶、抑制特定水解酶)及恢复微生物功能的综合策略,旨在通过微生态系统的整体修复有效缓解连作障碍,实现烤烟产量与品质的协同提升。

关键词: 连作, 植烟土壤, 环境因子, 烤烟, 化学品质, 土壤性质

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of soil degradation and quality decline caused by flue-cured tobacco continuous cropping, the deep driving mechanism and precise regulation path of continuous cropping obstacles were revealed from the coupling perspective of “soil health-microbial function-tobacco leaf quality”. The study found that although continuous cropping improved soil available nutrients in the short term, the negative effects caused by soil acidification and loss of microbial diversity (especially the decrease in fungal diversity and abnormal relative abundance of Acidobacteria) offset the nutrient gains. The imbalance of fungal community structure was a key factor driving changes in enzyme activities. By inhibiting oxidoreductase activities and disrupting the synergistic balance of the enzyme system, it indirectly restricted the synthesis and accumulation of petroleum ether extract, ultimately leading to a decline in the aroma quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves. Adjusting soil pH to 5.5-6.0 by applying calcareous materials or biochar, and synergistically implementing comprehensive strategies of balanced fertilization, targeted remodeling of enzyme activity profiles (enhancing oxidoreductases and inhibiting specific hydrolases), and restoring microbial functions were aimed at effectively alleviating continuous cropping obstacles through the overall restoration of the micro-ecosystem, thereby achieving a synergistic improvement in the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco.

Key words: continuous cropping, tobacco-planting soil, environmental factor, flue-cured tobacco, chemical quality, soil property

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