Abstract: Based on a theoretical analysis of the influence effects and internal mechanisms of new quality productive forces on common prosperity, panel data covering 30 provincial-level administrative regions in China from 2011 to 2023 were adopted. New quality productive forces, off-farm employment and common prosperity were further integrated into a unified analytical framework. It empirically examined the effects of new quality productive forces on common prosperity and the mediating role of off-farm employment. The results indicated that new quality productive forces significantly promoted common prosperity. Specifically, digital productive forces exerted the strongest positive effect, followed by scientific and technological productive forces, while green productive forces showed the weakest effect. Furthermore, new quality productive forces could raise residents' income levels by expanding the scale of off-farm employment, thereby indirectly fostering common prosperity. In addition, a threshold effect existed in the relationship between new quality productive forces and common prosperity, and off-farm employment moderated this nonlinear influence.

Key words: new quality productive forces, common prosperity, off-farm employment, impact effects, transmission mechanism