Abstract: Aiming to study the relationship between high performance liquid ehromatography （HPLC） fingerprint and antioxidant activity, the HPLC fingerprint of Pogonostemon auricularius （L.） Hassk. was established. Combing with Cluster Analysis, Principal Component Analysis, and Partial Least Squares Regression Analysis, the antioxidant activity of Pogonostemon auricularius （L.） Hassk.was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine （DPPH） and ferric reducing ability of plasma （FRAP） methods. The results showed that eleven common peaks were identified with peak No. 3 （verbascoside） as the reference peak, and the similarity of most batches of Pogonostemon auricularius （L.） Hassk. was greater 0.900. Through cluster analysis and principal component analysis, twenty-two batches of samples could be divided into two categories. The content of verbascoside in Pogonostemon auricularius （L.） Hassk. from different producing areas ranged from 0.38% to 4.82%. The antioxidant activity of twenty-two lots of Pogonostemon auricularius （L.） Hassk. was good. Peaks 1, 2, 3（verbascoside）, 6, 8, 10, and 11 were positively correlated with DPPH free radical scavenging rate, peaks 1, 2, 3（verbascoside）, 6, and 10 were positively correlated with iron ion reducing ability. The established HPLC fingerprint was reliable and accurate, which could provide reference for the screening and quality control of antioxidant active substances of Pogonostemon auricularius （L.） Hassk.

Key words: Pogonostemon auricularius （L.） Hassk., fingerprint, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, antioxidant activity, spectrum effect relationship, Partial Least Squares Regression Analysis