黄金百香果胶孢炭疽菌生物学特性及杀菌剂筛选

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.05.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为明确黄金百香果（Passiflora edulis Sims)炭疽病的病原,采用形态学观察、分子生物学分析及致病性测定相结合的方法,将供试黄金百香果炭疽病的致病菌鉴定为胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)。采用菌丝生长速率法,研究不同培养基、碳源、氮源、pH、温度等因素对该病菌菌丝生长的影响,并测定该病原菌对5种杀菌剂的敏感性。结果表明,适宜黄金百香果胶孢炭疽菌生长的培养基为PDA培养基,最适碳源为葡萄糖,最适氮源为蛋白胨;菌丝适宜生长温度为25~30 ℃,最适温度为28 ℃;pH适应范围为4~10。药剂敏感性测定发现,5种供试杀菌剂对该致病菌的菌丝生长均有抑制作用,其中50%多菌灵和75%肟菌·戊唑醇的抑制效果最好,在供试的5个浓度梯度下抑菌率均为100%;其次为75%百菌清和25%吡唑醚菌酯,80%代森锰锌的抑菌效果最弱。

关键词: 百香果（Passiflora edulis Sims), 炭疽病, 胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides), 生物学特性, 杀菌剂

Abstract: To identify the pathogen causing anthracnose in golden passion fruit（Passiflora edulis Sims), a pathogenic fungus isolated from diseased tissues was identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides using a combination of morphological observation, molecular biological analysis, and pathogenicity testing. The effects of different culture media, carbon sources, nitrogen sources, pH, and temperatures on the mycelial growth of this pathogen were investigated by the mycelial growth rate method, and its sensitivity to five fungicides was determined. The results showed that PDA medium was the most suitable for the growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides from golden passion fruit; glucose was the optimal carbon source and peptone was the optimal nitrogen source. The suitable temperature range for mycelial growth was 25-30 ℃, with the optimum temperature being 28 ℃, and the pathogen could grow at pH 4-10. Fungicide sensitivity tests revealed that all five tested fungicides inhibited the mycelial growth of the pathogen. Among them, 50% carbendazim and 75% trifloxystrobin·tebuconazole exhibited the strongest inhibitory effects, with 100% inhibition rates at all five tested concentrations. The inhibitory effects of 75% chlorothalonil and 25% pyraclostrobin were moderate, and 80% mancozeb exhibited the weakest inhibitory effect.

Key words: golden passion fruit（Passiflora edulis Sims), anthracnose, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, biological characteristics, fungicide

中图分类号:

杨翠凤, 滕峥, 侯宪斌, 牛俊乐, 熊定米. 黄金百香果胶孢炭疽菌生物学特性及杀菌剂筛选[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2026, 65(5): 105-113.

YANG Cui-feng, TENG Zheng, HOU Xian-bin, NIU Jun-le, XIONG Ding-mi. Biological characteristics of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides from golden passion fruit and screening of fungicides[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2026, 65(5): 105-113.

参考文献

[1] MUÑOZ-ORDOÑEZ F J,FIERRO-CELIS F A,LOBO-LUJÁN D. Effect of integrated fertilization on the profitability, agronomic, and economic efficiency of purple passion fruit cultivation (Passiflora edulis Sims f. edulis)[J].TEM journal, 2025:1194-1205.
[2] 陈明桂,冯勤玲.首个百香果质量国家标准正式发[J].农家之友,2021(10):13.
[3] 叶金巧,邱发春.龙岩市百香果主要病虫害及识别[J].热带农业科技,2021,44(2):23-27.
[4] ZHAO S F,HUANG S P,TANG L H,et al.Identification and characterization of Colletotrichum species associated with anthracnose disease of passion fruit in Guangxi, China[J].Canadian journal of plant pathology,2025,47(5):494-509.
[5] DE JESUS J M I,DE PAULA K L M,NOBRE J O S,et al. First report of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on canistel (Pouteria campechiana) in Brazil[J]. Indian phytopathology,2025,78(2):483-486.
[6] 杨春霞,哈佳欣,徐克,等.胶孢炭疽菌生物防治研究进展[J].北方园艺,2023(5):132-139.
[7] 刘丽萍,高洁,李玉.植物炭疽菌属Colletotrichum真菌研究进展[J].菌物研究,2020,18(4):266-281.
[8] XU H,ZHANG Z Y,ZHOU Z X,et al.Colletotrichum species associated with durian (Durio zibethinus Murray) in Hainan, China[J].Crop protection,2025,188: 107034.
[9] 靳爱仙,周国英,李河.油茶炭疽病的研究现状、问题与方向[J].中国森林病虫,2009,28(2):27-31.
[10] 张琼,刘甜甜,徐成,等.湖南邵阳柑桔炭疽病菌分离鉴定和药剂筛选初报[J].中国南方果树,2023,52(1):16-21,26.
[11] 黄蔚,崔丽红,谢王超,等.西瓜新炭疽病病原菌分子鉴定及其生物学特性初探[J].中国农学通报,2022,38(1):131-136.
[12] WOLCAN S,LARRAN S.First report of anthracnose caused by Glomerella cingulata on passion fruit in Argentina[J].Plant disease,2000,84(6):706.
[13] PERES N A R,KURAMAE E E,DIAS M S C,et al.Identification and characterization of Colletotrichum spp. affecting fruit after harvest in Brazil[J].Journal of phytopathology,2002,150(3):128-134.
[14] DU Y X,SHI N N,CHEN W L,et al.Identification of Colletotrichum brevisporum causing anthracnose on passion fruit[J].Canadian journal of plant pathology,2017,39(4):527-532.
[15] 谢美华,杨金奎,李雪玲,等.紫果西番莲炭疽病病原菌鉴定及生物学特性研究[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(6):1358-1363.
[16] 李瑞平,宋莹莹,李丽莉,等.一种适于PCR的植物内生真菌DNA提取方法及应用[J].山东农业科学,2022,54(12):143-149.
[17] 田守波,朱为民,朱龙英,等.番茄棒孢叶斑病病原鉴定及生物学特性研究[J].植物保护,2020,46(3):157-162,166.
[18] 侯翔宇,黄世勇,姚锦爱,等.薏苡叶斑病病原菌生物学特性及防治药剂毒力评估[J].福建农业学报,2021,36(12):1464-1470.
[19] 吴文能,张起,雷霁卿,等.“贵长”猕猴桃软腐病病原菌分离鉴定及抑菌药剂筛选[J].北方园艺,2018(16):47-54.
[20] 罗跃,刘阿丽,刘旭东,等.葡萄炭疽病病原鉴定及防治药剂筛选[J].中国南方果树,2021,50(6):121-125.
[21] CHAN-CUPUL W,RUELAS-JURADO J,SÁNCHEZ-RANGEL J C,et al. Efficacy of chemical fungicides against the anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in Carica papaya fruits[J].Agro productividad,2024:17(4):35-45.
[22] GAO Y S,LI Y X,LI F F,et al.Phenyllactic acid treatment for controlling anthracnose disease (Colletotrichum musae) and preserving banana fruit quality during storage[J].Physiological and molecular plant pathology,2024,129:102181.
[23] 冉飞,高强,龙友华,等.贵州百香果炭疽病病原鉴定[J].植物病理学报,2019,49(3):420-424.
[24] 任立超,谢昀烨,施鹏程,等.甜柿炭疽病病原种类及生物学特性比较[J].果树学报,2023,40(2):340-349.
[25] 靳俊媛,王友贤,刘倩,等.西瓜新炭疽病菌的鉴定、生物学特性及药剂敏感性研究[J].中国瓜菜,2022,35(8):18-26.
[26] 雷娇娇,田力,袁伟,等.贵阳花溪久安茶树炭疽病病原菌(Colletotrichun gloeosporioides)的分离鉴定及生物学特性[J].江苏农业科学,2020,48(11):100-105.
[27] 李戌清,严建立,阮松林.三叶青炭疽病病原菌的鉴定与生物学特性[J].浙江农业学报,2020,32(11):2009-2019.
[28] 曹尚,董仕营,梁炜萍,等.帚用高粱炭疽病防治药剂筛选[J].农药,2022,61(6):444-448.
[29] 冉飞,陈佳,莫飞旭,等.百香果炭疽病菌生物学特性及室内药剂筛选[J].热带作物学报,2021,42(4):1080-1085.
[30] 杨欣妍. 荔枝炭疽病菌对咪鲜胺和吡唑醚菌酯的抗药性[D].广州:华南农业大学,2021.
[31] 闫莉春,钱亚明,王西成,等.江苏省葡萄炭疽病菌群体对4种杀菌剂的敏感性[J].植物保护,2023,49(2):330-337.
[32] 林婷,时浩杰,戴德江,等.草莓炭疽病菌对吡唑醚菌酯的敏感性及旁路氧化在胶孢炭疽菌对QoIs敏感性中的作用[J].农药学学报,2015,17(5):530-537.
[33] 魏立娟. 辣椒炭疽病菌的鉴定、综合防治及互作后辣椒基因差异表达[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2019.