纳米技术驱动的多微量元素协同调控在粮食作物中的研究进展

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.11.003

湖北农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 64 ›› Issue (11): 24-30.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.11.003

纳米技术驱动的多微量元素协同调控在粮食作物中的研究进展

黄思思¹, 刘力坤², 张宸², 夏立村¹, 蔡煜¹, 秦珊珊¹, 李金政³, 余侃¹, 王贵春¹

1.湖北省农业科学院农业经济技术研究所,武汉 430064;
2.华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,武汉 430070;
3.宜昌金正米业股份有限公司,湖北宜昌 443100

收稿日期:2025-07-16 出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-12-05
通讯作者: 余侃（1987-）,湖北仙桃人,博士,主要从事生物纳米硒的研究与应用,（电子信箱）yukan91187@163.com。
作者简介:黄思思（1990-）,女,河北武安人,副研究员,主要从事作物富硒研究,（电子信箱）787441590@qq.com;王贵春（1968-）,湖北谷城人,博士,主要从事科技期刊编辑出版与科技信息分析研究,（电子信箱）491641542@qq.com。
基金资助:
湖北省自然科学基金项目（2023AFB161）; 湖北省重大科技项目（2024BBA002）; 湖北省科技创新人才计划-科技人才服务企业项目（2023DJC117）; 湖北省农业科技创新中心项目（2025-620-000-001-025）

Research progress on nanotechnology-driven synergistic regulation of multiple micronutrients in food crops

HUANG Si-si¹, LIU Li-kun², ZHANG Chen², XIA Li-cun¹, CAI Yu¹, QIN Shan-shan¹, LI Jin-zheng³, YU Kan¹, WANG Gui-chun¹

1. Institute of Agricultural Economics and Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China;
2. College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
3. Yichang Jinzheng Rice Industry Co., Ltd., Yichang 443100, Hubei, China

Received:2025-07-16 Published:2025-11-25 Online:2025-12-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 铁（Fe）、锌（Zn）、硒（Se）等微量元素对人体健康至关重要,但传统施肥方式存在利用率低、元素迁移性差及环境负载高等问题,难以有效提升作物子粒的营养密度。纳米技术的应用为多微量元素的高效吸收与精准调控提供了新的解决思路。纳米铁、纳米锌、纳米硒等纳米态微量元素在小麦、水稻和玉米等主要粮食作物中的研究不断深入,证实其在促进营养吸收、增强逆境适应性及改善子粒品质方面表现出显著的协同增强效应。梳理了相关纳米微量元素在粮食作物中的功能机制与调控路径,分析了影响其施用效果的关键因素,包括粒径、剂量、施用方式及生育时期,讨论了当前存在的机制不清、安全评估不足与应用转化限制等问题,并展望了其在粮食作物绿色生产和营养强化中的应用前景,以期为构建高效、安全、可持续的作物营养干预体系提供理论基础与技术支撑。

关键词: 纳米肥料, 微量元素, 粮食作物, 协同效应, 营养强化

Abstract: Micronutrients such as iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se) are essential for human health. However, conventional fertilization approaches often suffer from low nutrient use efficiency, poor element mobility, and high environmental burden, making it difficult to effectively enhance the nutritional density of crop grains. The application of nanotechnology offers a novel solution for improving the uptake and targeted regulation of multiple micronutrients. Research on nano-iron, nano-zinc, and nano-selenium in major staple crops such as wheat, rice, and maize has rapidly advanced, demonstrating significant synergistic effects in promoting nutrient absorption, enhancing stress tolerance, and improving grain quality. The functional mechanisms and regulatory pathways of relevant nano-micronutrients in food crops were reviewed, and the key factors affecting their application effects were analyzed, including particle size, dose, application method and growth period. The existing problems such as unclear mechanism, insufficient safety assessment and limited application transformation were discussed, and the application prospects of nano micronutrients in green production and nutrition enhancement of food crops were prospected, in order to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the construction of an efficient, safe and sustainable crop nutrition intervention system.

Key words: nano-fertilizer, micronutrients, food crops, synergistic effect, nutritional enhancement

中图分类号:

S145.9

黄思思, 刘力坤, 张宸, 夏立村, 蔡煜, 秦珊珊, 李金政, 余侃, 王贵春. 纳米技术驱动的多微量元素协同调控在粮食作物中的研究进展[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2025, 64(11): 24-30.

HUANG Si-si, LIU Li-kun, ZHANG Chen, XIA Li-cun, CAI Yu, QIN Shan-shan, LI Jin-zheng, YU Kan, WANG Gui-chun. Research progress on nanotechnology-driven synergistic regulation of multiple micronutrients in food crops[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2025, 64(11): 24-30.

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纳米技术驱动的多微量元素协同调控在粮食作物中的研究进展

Research progress on nanotechnology-driven synergistic regulation of multiple micronutrients in food crops

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