Abstract: Based on the daily precipitation data of 84 meteorological stations from 1961 to 2014 in Guizhou, and the monthly average reanalysis data from NCAR/NCEP, the temporal and spatial characteristics and circulation characteristics of flood disasters in recent 54 years in Guizhou Province were analyzed. The results showed that the spatial distribution of flood in Guizhou Province was significantly different, and it mainly occurred in the west and south of Guizhou Province. In the last 54 years, the number of floods at all levels had shown an increasing trend. The frequency of floods from the 1960s to the 1980s was relatively lower, and the number of floods had increased significantly since the 1990s and the 21st century. There were mainly periodic oscillations of 22, 12 and 8 years in flood. In mild flood years, the Ural mountain high ridge was stronger, the Western Pacific subtropical high was weaker to the east, and the East Asian trough was weaker, which was not conducive to the southward movement of cold air. In addition, the convergence of the upper layer and the divergence of the lower layer made it show sinking movement in the vertical field and less precipitation; in severe flood years, there were two troughs and one ridge. The subtropical high in the Western Pacific was stronger in the west, which was conducive to the flow transmission of warm and humid gas in the southwest. The large trough in East Asia was stronger, which was conducive to the meridional exchange of the atmosphere, the convergence of the lower layer and the strengthening of the upward movement of the divergence and convergence of the upper layer, resulting in flood disasters.

Key words: flood disasters, temporal and spatial distribution, circulation characteristics, Guizhou Province