Abstract: The goal of carbon neutrality required the implementation of a new development concept and the promotion of high-quality development, in which water environment ecology and economic development had an important correlation. Taking Jiangsu Province as an example, principal component analysis was used to select significant representative water environmental pollution indicators in the province. Based on the environmental Kuznets curve （EKC）, the econometric model between water environmental pollution and ecological economy of Jiangsu Province was built. The results showed that the relationship models between water pollution and eco-economy in Jiangsu Province all presented an atypical EKC curve shape, and the agricultural pollution source was obviously stronger than the industrial pollution source. In the face of this situation, it should be taken targeted measures to control water environmental pollution and realize a virtuous cycle of water environmental control and ecological economic development.

Key words: carbon neutral, water environment pollution, ecological economy, EKC curve, Jiangsu Province