Analysis on biological characteristics and internal components of tea flowers of Camellia sinensis ‘ShanCha 1’

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.08.026

Abstract

Abstract: To clarify the biological characteristics and internal components of the different stage of Camellia sinensis ‘ShanCha 1’, the tea flowers of Camellia sinensis ‘Longjing 43’ (control group) and Camellia sinensis ‘ShanCha 1’ were used as raw materials to determine and analyze the differences in the content of components in tea flowers at different flowering stages by observing the biological characteristics and a one-hundred flowers weight of tea flowers at full-bloom stage. The crown diameter of Camellia sinensis ‘ShanCha 1’ tea flowers was 2.2-3.5 cm, and the weight of 100 flowers was less than that of Longjing 43 in the flower bud, the white bud and the full blooming stage. With the increase of the opening degree of tea flowers, the content of water extract and soluble sugar showed an increasing trend, the content of tea polyphenols and caffeine showed a decreasing trend, the content of free amino acids showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing, and the content of total flavonoids showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The water extract of Camellia sinensis ‘ShanCha 1’ was 53.63%-68.77%, tea polyphenols were 9.26%-13.79%, free amino acid was 1.67%-2.10%, caffeine was 0.43%-0.83%, soluble sugar was 11.96%-31.28%, and the total amount of flavonoids was 27.65-38.45 mg/g. Camellia sinensis ‘ShanCha 1’ was a tea flower variety with small and medium flowers and more stamens. The content of tea polyphenols was significantly higher than that of Longjing 43 at different flowering stages, and soluble sugar, caffeine, free amino acids and total flavonoids were lower than those of Longjing 43.

Key words: tea flowers, Camellia sinensis ‘ShanCha 1’, biological characteristics, internal components

CLC Number:

S571.1

CHANG Na, FAN Lu, CHENG Xu-xu, WU Chong, YUAN Yue, YIN Xu-chao, LI Dong-hua, QI Yu-gang, WANG Li-yuan, ZHANG Li-jun, JI Chang-zhong. Analysis on biological characteristics and internal components of tea flowers of Camellia sinensis ‘ShanCha 1’[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2025, 64(8): 172-177.

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