湖北农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (2): 63-69.doi: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2026.02.010

• 资源·环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

氮肥形态对雪茄茄芯烟叶产质量及氮素利用效率的影响

李传宗1, 常臣克2, 吴哲宽1, 余振1, 廖世鹏2, 饶雄飞1   

  1. 1.湖北省烟草科学研究院,武汉 430030;
    2.华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉 430070
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-23 出版日期:2026-03-04 发布日期:2026-03-04
  • 通讯作者: 饶雄飞(1981-),男,高级农艺师,硕士,主要从事烟草栽培与烟草化学分析研究,(电子信箱)Raoxiongfei@163.com。
  • 作者简介:李传宗(1991-),男,博士,主要从事烟草栽培学与耕作学研究,(电子信箱)lcz911006@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    中国烟草总公司重大专项项目[110202201039(XJ-10)]

Effects of nitrogen fertilizer form on yield, quality and nitrogen use efficiency of cigar filler tobacco

LI Chuan-zong1, CHANG Chen-ke2, WU Zhe-kuan1, YU Zhen1, LIAO Shi-peng2, RAO Xiong-fei1   

  1. 1. Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, China;
    2. College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
  • Received:2025-06-23 Published:2026-03-04 Online:2026-03-04

摘要: 为明确氮肥形态对雪茄茄芯产质量的调控效应,以雪茄茄芯品种楚雪14号(CX-14)为试验材料,通过田间试验探究铵态氮(NH4+)、硝态氮(NO3-)及其混合配比对农艺性状、产量效益、化学组分及感官品质的影响。结果表明,生育期后期铵硝混合处理对CX-14株高、茎围和叶片数的促进作用最为明显。各施氮处理均显著提升茄套、茄芯的产量和产值,其中,铵硝配比3∶1处理最优。各施氮处理提高了烟碱含量、钾含量及氮含量,显著降低还原糖含量、总糖含量及氯含量。铵硝配比3∶1处理的氮肥农学利用率、氮素吸收利用率及干物质量均最高。铵硝配比3∶1处理的感官综合得分最高(80分),香韵与醇和感均明显提升。该处理通过协同优化碳氮代谢与离子吸收,进而提高雪茄茄芯烟叶的农艺性状、产质量及氮素利用效率,全面改善雪茄烟叶的感官品质。

关键词: 氮肥形态, 雪茄, 茄芯, 烟叶, 产质量, 氮素利用效率, 铵态氮, 硝态氮

Abstract: To clarify the regulatory effects of nitrogen fertilizer form on the yield and quality of cigar filler, a field experiment was conducted using the cigar filler variety Chuxue 14 (CX-14) to investigate the effects of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+), nitrate nitrogen (NO3-), and their mixed ratios on agronomic traits, yield benefits, chemical components, and sensory quality. The results showed that the mixed application of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen most significantly promoted plant height, stem girth, and leaf number of CX-14 during the later growth stage. All nitrogen application treatments significantly increased the yield and output value of both the cigar binder and filler, with the ammonium-to-nitrate ratio of 3∶1 treatment being the most effective. Nitrogen application increased the contents of nicotine, potassium, and nitrogen, while significantly decreasing the contents of reducing sugar, total sugar, and chlorine. The ammonium-to-nitrate ratio of 3∶1 treatment resulted in the highest nitrogen agronomic efficiency, nitrogen uptake efficiency, and dry matter mass. The ammonium-to-nitrate ratio of 3∶1 treatment achieved the highest overall sensory score (80 points), with significant improvements in aroma nuance and smoothness. This treatment synergistically optimized carbon and nitrogen metabolism and ion absorption, thereby enhancing the agronomic traits, yield, quality, and nitrogen use efficiency of cigar filler tobacco, and comprehensively improving the sensory quality of cigar tobacco leaves.

Key words: nitrogen fertilizer form, cigar, cigar filler, tobacco leaf, yield and quality, nitrogen use efficiency, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen

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