Abstract: Using the data of China's provincial agricultural modernization and urbanization from 2007 to 2016, the principal component analysis was first used to measure the agricultural modernization score; then the spatial autoregressive test of agricultural modernization and urbanization was used to verify the relationship and fit the library. The Kuznets curve explores the trends in the impact of urbanization on agricultural modernization. The results showed that, in the past ten years, the level of China's provincial agricultural modernization has been significantly improved, and the spatial autoregression is strong; the relationship between urbanization and agricultural modernization has a smooth“N” shaped curve with strong positive influence, which can be come into the following three conclusions according to the trend of the curve. Firstly, the distribution of the Chinese provinces on the Kuznets curve is scattered and the gap is large. Secondly, urbanization has a positive impact on agricultural modernization;Finally, to improve the level of agricultural modernization, it should be combined with the inter-provincial action and its own positive development, and pay attention to the role of urbanization in the different stages of agricultural modernization.

Key words: agricultural modernization, new urbanization, spatial measurement, indicator system