Identification and pathogenicity analysis of subgroup J Avian leukosis virus from Jianghan chicken

doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.018

Abstract

Abstract: In order to understand the genetic evolution direction and pathogenicity of Avian leukosis virus (ALV) isolated from Jianghan chickens, pathological dissection, virus isolation and identification on Jianghan chicken suspected of ALV infection in Wuhan, Hubei were conducted. The isolated viral strains underwent genetic evolution analysis of the env gene and pathogenicity evaluation. The post-mortem results revealed splenomegaly in diseased chickens, with visible tumors on the liver surface. Following inoculation of homogeneous tissue onto DF-1 cells, ELISA and IFA assays showed positive P27 antigen findings. Subsequent PCR subtype identification only amplified specific bands for the J subgroup, indicating the successful isolation of an ALV-J strain named HB18449. Genetic evolution analysis of the isolated strain’s env gene demonstrated the closest genetic relationship to the Shandong commercial egg chicken strain SD13QJ03 and clustered with most local chicken isolates in the same major branch as the UK prototype strain HPRS103. Furthermore, pathogenicity experiments revealed that infection with HB18449 inhibited chick growth, impaired immune organ development, induced viremia, decreased the CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T lymphocyte ratio in blood, and reduced humoral immune response levels.

Key words: avian leukosis virus, Jianghan chicken, genetic evolution, pathogenicity

CLC Number:

S831

XU Yun-peng, WANG Zui, DOU Jun-feng, LI Li, LU Qin, JIN Xin-xin, LING Xiao-chun, WANG Hong-cai, ZHAI Xin-guo, LUO Qing-ping, LI Yun-xuan. Identification and pathogenicity analysis of subgroup J Avian leukosis virus from Jianghan chicken[J]. HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2025, 64(3): 112-117.

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