Table of Content

25 May 2021, Volume 60 Issue 10

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Reviews

Research progress on soil inorganic carbon

ZHANG Yong-hong, LIU Fei, ZHONG Song

2021, 60(10):  5-5.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.001

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Soil carbon pool is the largest carbon pool in terrestrial ecosystems. It plays a very important role in regulating global climate change and ecosystem carbon cycle. Soil inorganic carbon（SIC） is the second largest carbon pool in the soil, second only to soil organic carbon（SOC）,which mainly exists in arid and semi-arid areas. In this paper, the distribution and influencing factors of soil inorganic carbon, the mechanism of soil carbon sequestration and the application of carbon stable isotope technology are discussed,aiming to emphasize the role and status of soil inorganic carbon in global climate change and carbon cycle. We should strengthen the research on the role of soil inorganic carbon in terrestrial ecosystem, and deeply explore the cycling process of soil inorganic carbon, so as to provide reference for correctly determining the carbon source and sink function of terrestrial ecosystem.

Research progress of CD147-related complexes in tumor function

LIU Jing, XU Bing-hong, WANG Li, JIAO Wen-hao, ZHANG Wei, DONG Min-min, YAN Han-chi

2021, 60(10):  10-14.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.002

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CD147 is also known as Basigin or extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer （EMMPRIN）, which belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily （IgSF）. The complex formed by CD147 can affect the proliferation, adhesion, invasion, metastasis and energy metabolism of tumor cells through a variety of ways. CD147 is highly expressed in malignant tumors, it has been used as a marker for prognostic evaluation of multiple tumors and a potential therapeutic target. At present, some progress has been made in the use of CD147-directed antibodies to treat tumors. This article mainly reviews the function of CD147 complex in tumors and the use of CD147 as a potential therapeutic target.

Breeding & Cultivation

Comparative test results, evaluation of20rice varieties under the rice shrimp cultivation

WU Yun-zi, ZHANG Hua, XIE Lei, XU Zheng-meng, XU Guo-hua, XU Hui

2021, 60(10):  15-17.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.003

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Taking 20 rice（Oryza sativa L.） varieties as materials， the rice cultivars comparative test was carried out， and the aspects of growth period， yield， quality and resistance of those varieties were compared，the character performance and adaptability of each variety under rice shrimp cultivation mode were analyzed. The results showed that eight varieties including Fudao88， Taoyouxiangzhan，Y liangyou 911， Xiadao No.1， Yinliangyou 851， Xinliangyou 188， Anhui No.1and Fujian No.1，and these varieties with high yield， moderate growth period and good comprehensive characteristics could be planted as shrimp rice varieties.

Evaluation of wheat leaf rust resistance of 55 winter wheat varities in Henan province

SHEN Hai-long, CHEN Li, CAO Yong-zhou, ZHAO Yong-tao, YUAN Qian, FAN Zhi-ye, HOU Yan-hong, CHEN Qi, LIU Di, LI Shi-min

2021, 60(10):  18-20.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.004

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The resistance to leaf rust（Puccinia triticina） of 55 winter wheat varities（lines） popularized in Henan province was indentified in 2017 and 2018, under natural condition. The results confirmed that, only Huaihe 12013 showed high resistance（HR） both in the 2 years;there were 7 varieties （lines）, Fanmai No.8, Luomai 33, Xuke 316, Xinmai 0208, Zhengmai 103, Luomai 26 and Zhoumai 22 showed resistance（HR or R） in the 2 years, accounting for 12.73% of the total number of identified varieties. The 40 varieties were identified as high susceptibility for 2 consecutive years,accounting for 72.73% of the total number of identified varieties.

Quality screening analysis of different potato varieties

WEN Hai-xia, TANG San-ming, SU Xiu-li, WU Guo-wen, ZHU Jie, FANG Zhi-guo, CHEN Fei, ZHAO Hong, FENG Peng

2021, 60(10):  21-25.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.005

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The comprehensive identification and quality determination of 9 introduced potato varieties were carried out in the field, and the nutritional quality content of tubers of each variety was detected and analyzed. The results showed that the order of comprehensive quality and acceptance degree of tested potato varieties from good to bad was Huashu No.3>Ziyu>Huashu No.5>Zhongshu No.13>Zhongshu No.3>Hongmei>Zhongshu 191>Dongnong 310>Zhongshuhong No.1, two better varieties were Dongnong 310 and Huashu No.3.

Resource & Environment

The mechanism analysis of multiple conversion during the January 2018 precipitation type in Hunan

CHANG Li-wei, XIE Na, LIU Jie-xiong, LIN Nan, LI Xiao-kun, HUANG Zhuo-yu

2021, 60(10):  26-32.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.006

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Using ground, high altitude conventional meteorological observation data and NCEP/NCAR FNL 1°×1° 6 h analysis data, the temperature stratification characteristics under different precipitation phases and the mechanism of multiple phase transition was analyzed during the January 2018 precipitation type in Hunan. The results showed that the cold rain and snow freezing weather process was generated under the background of cold wave outbreak and large-scale circulation with active low trough in mid-latitude; The temperature characteristics of the middle-lower layers of different phases were obviously different. In freezing rain phase, the inversion layer appeared higher, during the freezing rain period, the frontal inversion thickness was thinner than 70 hPa, and the gradient was significant. There were obvious warm layers near and below 800 hPa. The warm layer thickness was thickest, and the temperature stratification had the structural characteristics of cold layer-warm layer-cold layer. When snow falled, the frontal inversion thickness was thicker than 100 hPa, the inversion gradient was weaker than that of freezing rain, and there was no warm layer or shallow warm layer. Temperature stratification often had the structural characteristics of ice crystal layer-cold layer （weak warm layer-cold layer）. NCEP/NCAR FNL temperature could reflect the actual temperature in a certain extent. There was a process mechanism of “over-cooling and warm rain” in frozen rain, and the precipitation mechanism of cold cloud was obvious in snowfall. The strong cold air of the ground and the active downward movement of the southern branch front were the main reasons for the rapid phase transition. The intensification of low-level convergence and the abnormal enhancement of the southwest jet of 700 hPa were the direct reasons for the rapid transformation from snow to freezing rain. The multi-layer convergence and divergence structure during freezing rain period was conducive to the formation of cloud water and rainwater in the middle and lower layers, and to the stable maintenance of the warm stratification in the middle layers.

Study on the treatment of village sewage and urease activity of soil in cultivated paddy field

CHEN Jie, CHEN Jie, WANG Yi-chao, PENG Ming-guo, GUI Song, ZHANG Wen-yi

2021, 60(10):  33-37.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.007

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In order to study the efficiency of cultivated paddy field wetland in absorbing village sewage and the urease activity of paddy soil, and to reveal the changing law of nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient elements in sewage with the growth of rice and the transformation characteristics of nitrogen, a low load level subsurface flow paddy field wetland was constructed with paddy field as the carrier, and the relationship between the urease activity of paddy field wetland soil and the growth of rice and the effect of sewage treatment was analyzed. The results showed that when the rice was in tillering stage, the average removal rates of COD, TP, NH₃-N and TN were the highest and 47.2%, 84.0%, 78.9% and 68.6%, respectively, and the effluent quality indexes could reach the class V of environmental quality standard for surface water （GB 3838—2002）. The changes of urease activity and the relationship between urease activity and nitrogen transformation in cultivated paddy field wetland showed that during the whole rice growth cycle （July to November）, the content of urease activity in soil reached the highest level in rice tillering stage, and then decreased slowly. At the same time, due to the rich microorganism in wetland soil, the content of urease in soil layer was higher than that in filling layer in rice growth stage. After the sewage enters into the wetland, the consumption of ammonia nitrogen drove the stimulation growth of urease, and the urease activity in the soil was significantly related to the total nitrogen.

Exploration of the spatial non-stationary relationship between soil texture and spectra from a multiscale perspective

ZHENG Yu-zhen, CHEN Yi-yun, CHEN Min, WU Zi-hao, JIANG Jiang-jun-nan

2021, 60(10):  38-45.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.008

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A total of 210 samples collected from the Qilu lake basin were used. The performances of partial least squares regression （PLSR）, geographically weighted regression （GWR） and multi-scale geographically weighted regression （MGWR） in measuring soil texture were evaluated, and the spatial heterogeneity of the relationship between soil texture and spectra under different scales were explored. The results showed that the R², mean absolute error and root mean square error of MGWR were better than those of GWR and PLSR, which indicated that MGWR outperformed other models. This was because MGWR can better fit the relationship between soil texture （clay, silt and sand contents） and spectra by considering different scales of different variables coefficients. MGWR results revealed that the spatial scale of spatial response of different spectral latent variables to clay, silt and sand content was different. Specifically, the spectral latent variable LV1 had the largest response to soil texture. Its standardized coefficients of clay, silt and sand contents were 0.373, 0.426 and 0.422, respectively.

Analysis of lake and lake shoreline evolution in Hubei province in recent 30 years based on Google Earth Engine

LIAO Wen-xiu, CHEN Yi-yun, ZHAO Xi, WEN Xu-chang

2021, 60(10):  46-54.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.009

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Based on the remote sensing data processing cloud platform Google Earth Engine（GEE）, combined with normalized differential water body index（NDWI） and JavaScript programming, the rapid identification of large and medium-sized lakes was carried out in Hubei province from 1990 to 2019. Based on this, shoreland extraction, morphological index calculation and driving mechanism analysis of lake evolution were carried out. The results showed that the lake area decreased by 361.64 km² in 1990—2019, with a trend of decreasing first, then increasing and then decreasing. Farmland and pond were the main types of land transferred into and out of lakes. The length of the shoreline fluctuates with a total decrease of 2 406.77 km, and the mean value of the shoreline development coefficient and fractal dimension did not change significantly. The lakes with similar shoreline development coefficient had similar shoreline surrounding environment.

The design of the drought weather index insurance of summer corn in Langfang city ——A case study of Bazhou city

HOU Qi-qi, YANG Shuai, GENG Xue-ying, GAO Yu-jun

2021, 60(10):  55-59.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.010

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In order to establish the drought weather index insurance model of summer corn, the daily meteorological data from 1980 to 2018 and the summer corn output data from 1993 to 2018 at the Bazhou city agricultural meteorological observation station in Langfang city were used to research the relationship between summer corn and drought. Based on the water deficit rate, a summer corn drought weather index was constructed, and the relationship between summer maize drought weather index and relative weather yield was analyzed. The summer corn damage model was constructed, and the summer corn drought insurance compensation standard was proposed. The net drought insurance rate was determined and the summer corn drought weather index insurance product was designed. The results showed that the drought in the jointing period to milk maturity period had the greatest impact on summer corn yield. The drought meteorological index of jointing-milk maturity period and full growth period were selected for disaster damage analysis, the yield reduction rate model was constructed, and summer corn was divided into four gradesLight drought, moderate drought, heavy drought and severe drought. The compensation standard of summer corn drought insurance was proposed. when the drought weather index was greater than 40%, the claim was started. In the jointing period to milk maturity, the net insurance premium rate was 5.6%, and the corresponding premiums was 357.6 yuan/hm². In the whole fertility period, the net insurance premium rate was 6.5%, the corresponding premiums was 395.7 yuan/hm².

The production-life-ecological space transformation and ecological effect analysis of Pingshan county

XIANG Xiao-yu, LI Feng, OUYANG Xin, SHANG Jia-ning, SHAO Huai-yong

2021, 60(10):  60-63.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.011

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Pingshan county, Hebei province was used as the research area. Through the construction of the “ ecological-production-living” spatial classification system, the land use transfer matrix and the ecological environment quality index were used to study the spatial change and ecological environmental effects of Pingshan county.The results showed that the proportion of living production space and ecological space increased, while the proportion of ecological production space decreased, the proportion of production ecological space first decreased and then increased; The regional environmental quality index of Pingshan county in 2005, 2010 and 2015 were 0.450 4, 0.571 9, 0.580 0, respectively.

Study on spatial distribution of grape chilling injury in Guangxi based on SURFER technology

WU Xuan-ke, HUANG Wei, LIU Yong-yu, YAO Yu-qun

2021, 60(10):  64-66.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.012

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Based on the meteorological data of 91 national meteorological observation stations from 1961 to 2016, the occurrence frequency of low temperature chilling injury in the period of sprouting and new shoot growth （February to March）, flowering and fruiting （April to May）, fruiting and peak growing season （May to June） in Guangxi was calculated. Based on SURFER technology, the spatial distribution characteristic of the occurrence frequency of low temperature chilling injury in Guangxi was obtained. The results showed that during the period of sprouting and new shoot growth （February to March） and flowering and fruit setting （April to May）, chilling injury became the main meteorological disaster factor limiting grape production in Guangxi. According to the spatial distribution of chilling injury of grape, Guangxi was divided into mild chilling injury area, moderate chilling injury area, severe chilling injury area and severe chilling injury area.

Plant Protection

Synthesis,biological activity and translocation of L-Glu-amicarthiazol conjugate in tobacco plants

CHANG Yue, LI Jun-kai, CHEN Shun-shun, XU Han-hong

2021, 60(10):  67-71.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.013

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L-Glu-amicarthiazol conjugate was synthesized using L-glutamic acid and amicarthiazol as raw materials, and its structure was characterized by ¹ H NMR, ¹³C NMR and mass spectrometry. The indoor toxicity of compounds against rice sheath blight were evaluated by the mycelial growth rate method. High performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） was used to detect the translocation of compounds on tobacco plants through leaf coating and hydroponic treatment. The results showed that compared with amicarthiazol, L-Glu-amicarthiazol conjugate retained the inhibitory activity against rice sheath blight to a certain extent, and its EC₅₀ against rice sheath blight was 13.76 μmol/L （The EC₅₀ of amicarthiazol against rice sheath blight was 12.47 μmol/L）. The uptake and translocation of L-Glu-amicarthiazol conjugate in tobacco was significantly increased compared with that of the amicarthiazol.

Distribution of Pomacea canaliculata under natural light

GUO Jing, CHEN Ying-tong, CHEN Shuo, CHEN Hai-ying, DING Si-min, HUANG Hong-ying, ZENG Jian

2021, 60(10):  72-76.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.014

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The distribution law of Pomacea canaliculata under natural light was studied. The distribution of Pomacea canaliculata under natural light at different time（9：30,12：00,14：30） in aquarium was investigated for days, the difference in density of Pomacea canaliculata between inside and outside the shadow in the same water depth and time was analyzed, repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine the effects of sunlight, water depth, time and snail individual size on distribution of Pomacea canaliculata. The results showed that sunlight and time in a day had obvious effect on distribution of the snails. At the water depth of 5, 10, 20 cm, the density of Pomacea canaliculata in the shaded area was obviously higher than that in the sunshiny region at 12：00. The different between shade and lighting area in snail density was highest at 12：00 and lowest at 9：30, that meant more snails tended to stay in the shading area when the time was closer to noon. But the distribution of Pomacea canaliculata had not been significantly impacted by water depth and snail individual size. Thus, the natural light could affect the distribution of Pomacea canaliculata in water, the distribution density of the snails in sunshiny region and shaded area exhibited regular change, the snail can crawl to shade away to avoid direct sunlight, this might be related to water temperature, illumination intensity, and so on.

Observation and analysis on field resistance of 20 main rice varieties to diseases and insect pests in Hubei province

LYU Liang, CHANG Xiang-qian, WANG Zuo-qian, YANG Xiao-lin, ZHANG Shu

2021, 60(10):  77-81.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.015

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The field performance resistance of 20 main rice varieties to diseases and insect pests were analyzed, by using the method of natural induction and field survey on the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. The results showed that the overall resistance of the main varieties to several common diseases and insect pests of rice was not ideal, and the varieties of Guangliangyou 476, Ezhong 5, Huanghuazhan, Tianyou huazhan and C-Liangyouhuazhan had better resistance to diseases and insect pests, and the occurrence and damage degree of diseases and insect pests were relatively light, which was suitable for popularizing planting in Hubei province. However, the planting area of Shenliangyou 5814 was suggested to be reduced and controlled as far as possible due to the relatively heavy disease and insect occurrence.

The occurrence regularity and control measures of Milionia basalis Walker

LUO Ji-feng, FANG Yi-ran, JIANG Dan-zhi, DENG Mei-hua, YU Xiao-dong, LI Qi-qi

2021, 60(10):  82-84.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.016

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AbstractThe morphological characteristics, living habits, occurrence and damage of Milionia basalis Walker were observed and studied in detail. The causes of the outbreak in eastern Guangdong were analyzed. The results showed that Milionia basalis Walker was a typical oligotrophic insect that mainly feeds on the leaves of Podocarpus macrophyllus and Podocarpus nagi. The suitable climate environment in the east of Guangdong province, the large area planting and the neglect of management were the main reasons for the outbreak of the pest. Finally, according to the causes of the outbreak of the pest, the comprehensive control measures were proposed.

Horticulture & Local Products

Effects of intercropping soybean on growth environment,yield and quality of Pinellia ternata（Thunb.）Breit

ZHU Zhen-xing, BAO Wan-yu, JINAG Lin-bo, ZHONG Shu-mei, MA Yi-ping, SHU Shao-hua

2021, 60(10):  85-90.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.017

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The effects of intercropping soybean on the growth and quality of Pinellia ternata（Thunb.）Breit were studied. Under normal Pinellia ternata（Thunb.）Breit sowing density,three soybean planting distances of 35 cm, 50 cm and 65 cm were adopted to measure the changes of Pinellia ternata（Thunb.）Breit growing environment, growth, yield and quality of Pinellia ternata（Thunb.）Breit, then the land equivalent ratio and interspecies competitiveness under the intercropping system were further analyzed. The results showed that with the increase of soybean planting density, the canopylight intensity, the leaf surface temperature and the soil temperature of Pinellia ternata（Thunb.）Breit were all decreased, whereas the main leaf area, petiole length and SPAD value of Pinellia ternata（Thunb.）Breit were significantly increased in the inter cropping system. The land equivalent ratio in the intercropping system increased, and soybean was more competitive than Pinellia ternata（Thunb.）Breit; Intercropping soybean significantly increased Pinellia ternata（Thunb.）Breit yield and thousand-grain weight. Under the condition of soybean with the 50 cm plant spacing had the highest Pinellia ternata（Thunb.）Breit yield, an increase of 42.9% compared to Pinellia ternata （Thunb.）Breit monoculture; The quality of Pinellia ternata（Thunb.）Breit had no significant difference compared with the control,and all meet the requirements of Chinese pharmacopoeia. Intercropping soybean provides a better growing environment for Pinellia ternata（Thunb.）Breit, strengthens the growing tendency of Pinellia ternata（Thunb.）Breit and increases the yield.

Study on the best harvest time of Marsdenia tenacissima

HAN Jun, SHEN Xue-mei, LONG Guang-qiang, YU Shan, YANG Pi-qiong, ZHANG Yu-rong

2021, 60(10):  91-94.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.018

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The stem diameter and length of Marsdenia tenacissima at different growth stages were determined. The optimum harvest time of Marsdenia tenacissima was studied,the content of total saponins in Marsdenia tenacissima at 462 nm was determined by using vanillin perchloric acid method. The results showed the content of total saponin reached the highest at two-year-old, and then decreased slowly. The yield increased fastest at the age of 3 years, and then increased slowly. Therefore, the best harvest time of Marsdenia tenacissima was at two-and-a-half years old to three-years old when both the yield and the content of its effective constituent, saponins, had reached their highest levels.

Analysis of garden design method of nursing home from the perspective of rehabilitation landscape

GAO Jie

2021, 60(10):  95-98.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.019

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Under the background of entering into the aging society in our country, nursing institutions for the aged has become the main part of old-age service system construction, and its garden environment design should reflect the characteristics of landscape rehabilitation, which can help the old people recover physically and mentally, make them enjoy high quality of senile life, and improve space utilization to obtain good social and economic benefits. The author expounds from the following three aspects,the meaning of outdoor environment of nursing institutions to the elderly, the physical and mental characteristics of old people, the use and design of nursing institutions, putting forward some designing strategies of selecting the environment and layout, the organization of tour line to the plant landscape, so as to provide some reference suggestions to related projects in the future research.

Evaluation of rehabilitation landscape of Wanghu park in Beijing based on AHP

GAO Shuang, FENG Yan, GUO Yue, KONG De-zheng

2021, 60(10):  99-104.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.020

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Taking Beijing Wanghu park as the research object, the leisure meditation environment, sensory experience environment, horticultural therapy environment, fitness and entertainment environment, and convalescent environment are selected as the community park's rehabilitation landscape evaluation indicators through field investigation and analysis, questionnaire survey and literature reading. The rehabilitation landscape evaluation system uses Yaahp analytic hierarchy process（AHP） software to process and analyze the survey data, evaluate the current situation of the rehabilitation landscape in Wanghu park, and put forward reasonable optimization opinions. The results show that the weights of the five evaluation criteria ranged from high to low are fitness entertainment environment （0.449 3）>sensory experience environment （0.266 1）>leisure meditation environment （0.147 8）>convalescent environment （0.101 2）> horticultural therapy environment （0.035 5）. The comprehensive score of the rehabilitation landscape of Wanghu park is 0.210, and the evaluation grade is Ⅲ.

Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

Isolation and identification of pseudorabies virus HuB2020 strain

ZHAI Yao, ZHOU Dan-na, LIANG Wan, YANG Ke-li, YUAN Fang-yan, GUO Rui, LI Peng, TIAN Yong-xiang

2021, 60(10):  105-109.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.021

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A strain of porcine pseudorabies virus：HuB2020 was isolated and purified from clinical materials, and a series of studies were carried out on its virulence, culture characteristics and genetic variation. The results showed thatthe nucleotide sequence of gE gene in this strain was 98.9%~99.9% with that of PRV （Pseudorabies virus,PRV） strain in China. TCID₅₀ of purified virus on PK15 cells was determined to be 10^7.5/mL. The LD₅₀ of 6-week-old Kunming mice was 1×10^5.7. Tissue sexual distribution showed that,10^6.0TCID₅₀/0.1 mL, 10^5.0 TCID₅₀/0.1 mL challenge groups showed 100% neurotropism to mice,and the detection rate of the virus in brain tissue and heart tissue was higher than other tissues.

Analysis of muscle tenderness and muscle fibers properties of the Aba Tibetan chicken

YANG Xiao-lin, SU Yuan-jun, LI Xing-liang, YU Chun-lin, YANG Chao-wu, WANG Rong-fang, WU Jin-bo, ZHANG Yan, QIU Yun, MOU Sang

2021, 60(10):  110-113.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.022

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AbstractThe difference of the muscle fiber diameter,density and the shear force of breast muscle among the three Aba Tibetan chicken strains, as well as the relationship between each index and muscle tenderness were analyzed the histological differences in muscle fiber development of Aba Tibetan chicken. The three Aba Tibetan chicken strains were selected as the research objects in the experiment, the number and density of muscle fibers in the breast and leg muscle of the chickens were measured using tissue sectioning technology, and the breast muscle were tested for shearing force, whose results showed that the average breast muscle fiber diameters of the three strains were longer than the leg muscle, but the density of muscle fibers was lower than the latter. And the difference in the diameter and density of the leg muscle muscle fibers in the three strains were not significant, and none of them reached a significant level. The shearing force of breast muscle of the lightest A-Zang 1 line was only 79.36 N, which is significantly lower than that of the A-Zang 2 and 3 line, which shows that the breast tenderness of the A-Zang 1 line was the best among the three lines.

Analysis, evaluation of nutritent composition in the muscle of Vibrissaphora leishanensis

MENG Li-xia, ZHU Xiu-fang, ZHANG Wen-hua

2021, 60(10):  114-118.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.023

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To understand the nutritional status of Vibrissaphora leishanensis and provide the reference for its resource development， utilization and protection， general nutrients and amino acids of Vibrissaphora leishanensis were determined. The experimental results showed that：The contents of water， crude protein， crude fat， crude ash and dietary fiber of male and female Vibrissaphora leishanensis respectively were 80.84% and 84.12%、17.09% and 13.23%、1.25% and 1.01%、0.66% and 0.53%、0.25% and 0.19%， the energy was 2.64 MJ/kg and 2.06 MJ/kg. The composition of amino acids of in muscle male and female Vibrissaphora leishanensis were the same， 17 amino acids were detected. The total amino acids of male and female Vibrissaphora leishanensis respectively accounted for 87.659% and 87.566% of the dry samples. Seven essential amino acids （EAA） of male and female Vibrissaphora leishanensis respectively occuped 36.010% and 35.867% of total amino acids， the ratio of essential amino acids to nonessential amino acids was 84.70% and 84.46%， which were close to （or better than） the ideal mode of FAO /WHO （40% and 60%）. Delicious amino acid of male and female Vibrissaphora leishanensis respectively accounted for 27.345% and 27.367% of the total amino acids. Amino acid score （AAS） and chemical score （CS） indicated that the first limiting amino acid of Vibrissaphora leishanensis was valine， the second limiting amino acid was lysine. The essential amino acid index （EAAI） was respectively 88.63 and 88.13. There was no significant difference in nutritional composition of male and female Vibrissaphora leishanensis.

Storage & Processing

The development of konjac oligosaccharide multigrain biscuit

ZHANG Chen, ZHOU Qiong

2021, 60(10):  119-123.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.024

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Taking wheat flour， oats， buckwheat and konjac oligosaccharides as the main raw materials and sensory evaluation as the reference index， the optimum formula of konjac oligosaccharide biscuit was determined by single factor test and orthogonal test. The optimum technological parameters and formula of konjac oligosaccharide biscuits were baking temperature 190 ℃/170 ℃， wheat flour 100.0 g， oat 25.0 g， buckwheat 30.0 g， konjac oligosaccharide 3.0 g， milk powder 9.0 g， egg 25.0 g， butter 40.0 g， xylitol 22.0 g， sugar 5.0 g， salt 1.0 g， sodium bicarbonate 0.8 g， ammonium bicarbonate 0.2 g. The prepared konjac oligosaccharide biscuit has crisp taste， yellow to golden color and uniform thickness.

Study on microwave-assisted enzymatic extraction method of anthocyanins from purple cabbage

MEN Mei-fu, LU Jia-cheng, ZHANG Xin, XIN Jian-hao

2021, 60(10):  124-128.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.025

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Taking purple cabbage as the research object, the microwave-assisted enzymatic extraction method of anthocyanins was established.The results showed that microwave-assisted enzymatic extraction method showed higher extraction efficiency. The optimum conditions were temperature 50 ℃, enzyme dosage 1.1%, solid-liquid ratio 1∶15（g∶mL）, pH 7, microwave power 360 W, enzymolysis time 60 min, microwave time 3 min.

Information Engineering

Design of provincial meteorological big data storage model

XIA Zheng-long, ZHONG Yan-wen, ZHENG Qiu-sheng, ZHU Liang

2021, 60(10):  129-132.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.026

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Referring to the mature meteorological data storage ideas of traditional storage technology and the research results of meteorological big data storage technology of meteorological departments at all levels at present, a set of provincial meteorological big data storage model based on big data related technology from the storage and index of structured and unstructured meteorological data was designedthe results showed that unstructured meteorological small files use Avro to design data mode, According to the storage rules,are merged and packaged as the Avro format files and stored on HDFS to reduce the number of files and save the consumption of memory resources; Based on HBase, put forward the design idea of wide table storage for regular structured meteorological data, including tables, column fields and row keys; Elasticsearch is used to design a unified provincial meteorological big data storage index library to unify the retrieval entrance and improve the retrieval efficiency. The design ideas and the use of related technologies in this paper can provide reference for provincial meteorological departments to carry out the storage planning and scheme formulation of meteorological big data.

Design of smart agriculture management system based on Internet of Things

WANG Jie-hua, HONG Li-fang, XU Jin-li, LIU Xiao-bin, YANG Lie-jun

2021, 60(10):  133-136.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.027

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The multi-sensor applications will be combined to design and implement a smart agricultural management system based on the Internet of Things. The system collects real-time environmental parameters such as surrounding temperature, soil temperature and humidity, soil trace elements, carbon dioxide concentration, and solar light quantum in a multi-point layout, and uses multi-source data information to scientifically guide agricultural production entities. Research the content of multi-sensor information fusion, data information processing methods, automatic control effects and multi-scale environmental control in the network, real-time monitoring of comprehensive agricultural ecological information, realize accurate automation, information and intelligent control of crops, and effectively improve agricultural production efficiency.

Biological Engineering

Study on mechanism of heat-clearing and detoxifying efficacy of Flos chrysanthemi based on systems pharmacology

WANG Chun-hua, QU Xue-jia, KONG Ling-yu, SUN Xue-fang

2021, 60(10):  137-141.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.028

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Based on the method of systems pharmacology, the mechanism of heat-clearing and detoxifying efficacy of Flos chrysanthemi was explored. The TCMSP, Drugbank, STRING, DAVID, BIOGPS and others online databases were used for selecting the core compounds, building network, selecting the core targets, analyzing the signal pathway and meridian channel tropism. The heat-clearing and detoxifying efficacy of Flos chrysanthemi mainly through 21 compounds, including quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin and Naringenin, acting on 255 targets. The core targets of Flos chrysanthemi involved JUN, TP53, AKT1, MAPK3, MAPK1, RELA and TNF. GO function enrichment analysis yielded 146 GO entries. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that targets of Flos chrysanthemi mainly act on inflammatory and immune related signaling pathways. Through the analysis of meridian channel tropism of targets, the core targets of Flos chrysanthemi was mainly located in the lung, smooth muscle and liver. The Flos chrysanthemi may play the role of heat-clearing and detoxifying efficacy through the pharmacological function of quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin and other core compounds in lung, liver and other organs, and its mechanism was related to the regulation of inflammation related signal pathway through AKT1, TNF and other targets to play an anti-inflammatory role.

Expression of the Haemophilus parasuis sodA gene and the study on its physicochemical properties

HU Ji-xiong, WANG Xi, LI Guo-pan, RONG Jun

2021, 60(10):  142-147.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.029

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In order to study the activity and physiological function of the SOD protein encoded by the sodA gene of Haemophilus parasuis, the sodA gene was amplified from HPS by the specific primers and expressed in Escherichia coli prokaryotic expression system. The expressed protein was purified by the ammonium sulfate fractionation, Sephacryl S-300 gel filtration chromatography and DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow anion exchange chromatography. The activity of the purified protein was determined by the pyrogallol autoxidation method and the physicochemical properties were studied by HPSEC and AAS. The results showed that the recombinant HPS SOD protein was a soluble protein with a size of 26 ku. The purity of the target protein was 95% after purification, and its activity was measured to be 215.9 U/mg by pyrogallol autoxidation assay. HPSEC analysis indicated that the recombinant HPS SOD was a multimer, and the manganese content in the purified HPS SOD was detected to be 0.71 mg/L by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry.

Economy & Management

Cognition and suggestion for high quality development of rapeseed industry in Xiangyang city

FENG Peng, BAI Gui-ping, XIE Xiong-ze, CHU Qian-hai

2021, 60(10):  148-150.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.030

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As rapeseed was the largest oil crop in China, rapeseed industry and its development were very important to secure Chinese oil supply. The status of rapeseed industry in Xiangyang city was introduced and problems during the development of rapeseed industry were discussed. Cognition and suggestions were put forward to find out the development direction of rapeseed industry in Xiangyang city.

Heterogeneous development promoted the transformation, upgrading of Taobao villages：Taking Xiaying village in Hubei province as an example

LIN Qian, YE Xiu-min

2021, 60(10):  151-155.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.031

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In recent years， the development of many Taobao villages had entered a bottleneck period. Taking Xiaying village in Hubei province as an example， it was facing the serious problems of declining flow welfare， low-end market and homogenization， so it was urgent to take the heterogeneous development route. From the perspective of demand， heterogeneity can stimulate new demand and tap niche market； from the perspective of supply， heterogeneity can improve added value and upgrade supply structure. In order to promote the heterogeneous development of Taobao village， relevant subjects can transform and upgrade by using new technology and big data navigation， promoting product diversification， promoting high-end products， integrating online and offline， and building a common Taobao village brand.

Quantitative evaluation of brand value of geographical indication agricultural products based on Interbrand：Taking Zhashui fungus as an example

LI Na-na, ZHOU Xiao-ting, ZHANG Hong-xia, DENG Shu-hong

2021, 60(10):  156-161.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.032

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The brand strategy of geographical indication agricultural products is related to the implementation of the targeted poverty alleviation and rural revitalization strategy. Based on the Interbrand brand evaluation method, combined with the brand characteristics of geographical indication agricultural products in China, taking Zhashui fungus as an example, this study made quantitative evaluation from the financial dimension, market dimension and brand dimension, comprehensively considered and calculated the brand value of Zhashui fungus, and put forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions for the implementation of the brand value strategy of geographical indication agricultural products of Zhashui fungus.

Analysis on influencing factors of purchase intention of agricultural machinery：Empirical analysis based on Tibet related areas of four provinces

BAI Qing-yun

2021, 60(10):  162-165.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.033

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The use of agricultural machinery is one of the important ways to promote agricultural modernization. Based on the survey data of 454 farmers and herdsmen families in Tibet related areas of four provinces, this research established a binary selection model to study the influence of personal characteristics factors, family characteristics factors and village characteristics factors on farmers and herdsmen's willingness to purchase agricultural machinery. The results showed that knowledge level, physical condition, the number of permanent residents in the village and the degree of local natural disasters had a significant role in promoting the purchase intention of agricultural machinery; the proportion of migrant workers in the village had a significant inhibitory effect on the purchase intention of agricultural machinery.

Inventory management of meat commodities with two-parameter Weibull distribution of deterioration rate：Considering the critical point of inventory level

ZHANG Yuan

2021, 60(10):  166-170.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.034

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Based on the inventory management problems of physical deterioration rate obeying two-parameter Weibull distribution, considering the factor of critical point of inventory level, an inventory control model suitable for meat commodities management enterprises was constructed. The objective of inventory management was to minimize the average inventory cost per unit time. The

SWOT analysis of homestead reform：Taking Dali city as an example

TIAN Hao

2021, 60(10):  171-174.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.035

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At present, the pilot homestead reform has entered the comprehensive deepening stage. Taking Dali city homestead reform as an example, this paper analyzed the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and threats of the reform through constructing SWOT analysis matrix, in order to provide reference experience and perfect path for the nationwide promotion of homestead reform in the future.

Evaluation of the implementation effect of county industrial poverty alleviation based on analytic hierarchy process：Taking S county as an example

LIU Yang, ZHANG Ye, LIU Jun-yan

2021, 60(10):  175-179.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.036

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The development of industry is the fundamental policy to get rid of poverty. However, there were many common problems in the selection and layout, cultivation and support, operation and development of industrial poverty alleviation in some poverty-stricken areas, which affected the overall and long-term effect of industrial poverty alleviation, and were not conducive to the realization of sustainable poverty alleviation. Taking S county, a deep poverty-stricken county in Xinjiang as the research area, this study constructed the evaluation index system of the implementation effect of industrial poverty alleviation based on the analytic hierarchy process, and evaluated the implementation effect of industrial poverty alleviation in S county from the perspective of farmers. The results showed that in the process of industrial poverty alleviation in S county, the autonomy of farmers to participate in poverty alleviation projects was not high, the accuracy and effectiveness of skill training was not strong, and the benefit of new business entities was not high.

Discussion on the integration and optimization of natural reserves under the national park system：Take Sanmenxia city as an example

SHI Yi-bo, GUO Yue, LIU Chang, LIU Yi-ping, KONG De-zheng

2021, 60(10):  180-183.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.037

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Based on the protection principles and policies of the integration and optimization of nature reserves, this study expounded the background of the national park system, summarized the current situation of nature reserves in Sanmenxia city of Henan province, and found that there were some problems, such as over lapping, multiple management, unclear boundary, incomplete information, fragmented and isolated nature reserves. According to the existing problems, this study put forward the corresponding integration and optimization measures, so that the ecological environment of local nature reserves can be more comprehensively protected and the ecological chain of reserves can be formed, which provided a scientific and effective basis for the delimitation of national parks in the future.

Research on the coupling, coordination development of industrial structure, poverty reduction effect in Shaanxi province

ZHANG Ying, WU Bao-ling

2021, 60(10):  184-188.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.038

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Based on the data of industrial development and poverty alleviation in Shaanxi province from 2013 to 2018, this study constructed the evaluation index system and coupling and coordination model of industrial structure-poverty alleviation effect, determined the index weight by entropy method, and empirically studied the coupling and coordination relationship between industrial structure and poverty alleviation effect in Shaanxi province. The results showed that the poverty reduction effect system lag behind the industrial structure system, the two systems were still in the antagonistic stage, the coupling degree of the whole region was low, the matching degree between industrial structure adjustment and poverty governance was low, and the effect of industrial poverty alleviation was not obvious. The industrial structure and poverty reduction effect need to be further integrated and coordinated. Based on the current situation of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries, this study put forward scientific countermeasures and suggestions for the adjustment and development of local industrial structure, aiming at finding the path for the coordinated development of industrial structure adjustment and poverty governance, so as to provide reference for poverty alleviation and rural revitalization.

Rural Revitalization

The enlightenment of Japanese, South Korean experience on the governance of rural hollowing in China

YE Yu-han, GAO Qiang

2021, 60(10):  189-194.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.039

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The lag and hollowing of rural development is a common phenomenon in the process of rapid urbanization and industrialization in the world. By combing the policies and measures of rural governance in Japan and the “New Village Movement” in South Korea， this study analyzed the prominent problems of rural hollowing in China. From the experience of rural governance in Japan and South Korea， it got the enlightenment that China should carry out rural hollowing governance from the following aspectsPartition and classification governance， development of rural industry， mobilization of farmers' participation， construction of legislative system and improvement of rural land management system.

Exploration of agricultural meteorology service network system construction：Taking the“New Farmer Meteorological Sentry” network in Shandong province as an example

RONG Yun-peng, YANG Tao, LI Yu-hua, YU Jia-xin, HUAN Hai-jun, CHEN Zhi-liang

2021, 60(10):  195-200.  doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.10.040

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In order to improve the situation that meteorological specialized observation stations were sparse and the interaction of meteorological services for agriculture was relatively scarce, Shandong Meteorological Bureau had carried out the construction of the network system of meteorological services for agriculture with basic-level meteorological departments as the center and new farmers as the main body. The “New Farmers Meteorological Sentry” network had become the leg and eye of meteorological departments in the field, and together constituted a quick network of meteorological service information dissemination, collection and feedback, which provided an example for promoting the meteorological benefits and avoiding disasters, and meteorological guarantee for the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas.