HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

Research progress on quantitative assessment of agricultural adaptation effect under the background of climate change

CHEN Si-ning, GUO Jun, ZHAO Yan-xia, LI Xing-yang, CHEN Yue-hao, GUO Yu-di

2021, 60(5): 5-12. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.001

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The quantitative evaluation of the effect of agricultural adaptation will be helpful to the formulation and decision-making of agricultural adaptation strategy and planning. This paper summarized the research progress of quantitative assessment of agricultural adaptation effect under the background of climate change by literature review and comparative analysis, and tried to find solutions to the related problems from methods, models and other aspects. The results show that the existing quantitative evaluation of agricultural adaptation to climate change mainly includes two aspects. ①From the perspective of crop growth and development, crop model is often used to evaluate the changes of crop growth and development parameters such as crop growth and development process and yield before and after adaptation; ② from the perspective of economic benefits, it mainly focuses on the analysis of cost input and economic output of agricultural adaptation strategies. It was suggested that we should strengthen the quantitative evaluation research on the effect of agricultural adaptation adjustment under the future climate change scenario, establish the targeted quantitative evaluation methods and models of agricultural adaptation; according to the characteristics of complementary advantages of various economic analysis methods, use a variety of economic analysis methods to carry out the quantitative evaluation research on agricultural adaptation strategies; combine uncertainty analysis to quantitatively evaluate agricultural adaptation adjustment effect.

The role of aquatic plants in lakes ecological restoration

ZHU Yuan-qin, YUAN Long-yi

2021, 60(5): 13-17. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.002

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Aquatic plants play an important role in lake restoration due to their low cost, low energy consumption, low environmental disturbance and ecological appreciation. The causes and forms of lake ecosystem degradation were analyzed. The mechanisms and effects of four different types of aquatic plants, including allelopathy, absorption of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, adsorption of sediment and photosynthesis, were expounded. The current research status at home and abroad was introduced, and the existing research methods and problems were discussed and some suggestions were put forward. The future research direction was prospected.

The construction of millet growth model based on effective accumulated temperature

YANG Fan, ZHANG Wu-ping, ZHENG Xiao-nan, LIU Yu-ping, LIANG Liang, LI Fu-zhong

2021, 60(5): 18-20. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.003

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Three millet （Setaria italica Beauv.） plants with the same growth potential of listed plants were selected at each stage of millet growth for the measurement of morphological and biomass parameters of each organ. Based on effective accumulated temperature and Logistic model, the growth model of millet plant height, dry matter mass of overground and leaf area varying with effective accumulated temperature was constructed. The results showed that when the effective accumulated temperature was 700~900 ℃, the millet was in the jointing to booting stage, and the growth rate plant height was the fastest; when the effective accumulated temperature was 1 100~1 200 ℃, the millet was in the heading to filling stage, and the growth rate dry matter weight of the ground was the fastest. When the effective accumulated temperature was 600~800 ℃, the millet was in the jointing to heading stage, and the leaf area growth rate was the fastest. When the effective accumulated temperature was 1 000~1 100 ℃, the value of the millet leaf area reached the maximum. R² values of three modes were 0.989 1, 0.963 6, 0.964 9, the test showed that the models had higher accuracy and better significance. The establishment of a millet growth model based on the effective accumulated temperature can better predict the growth changes of millet height, dry matter above the ground, and leaf area.

Effects of different seedling killing methods on yield and storage tolerance of Jizhangshu No.8

LI Lin, CHU Jia-hao, LI Chen-yang, GUO Xiao-min, GONG Xue-chen, YIN Jiang, QI Li-pan

2021, 60(5): 21-24. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.004

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Jizhangshu No.8 is the main cultivated fresh food potato （Solanum tuberosum L.） variety for a seasonin the northern , and it is popular with potato farmers because of its high yield and stress resistance. But its growth period is long, the plant is thick green when harvest, potato navel is crisp and tender, making it often cause pathogen infection, cause stock rotten potato to be serious. In order to improve the storage resistance of Jizhangshu No.8 and increase its economic benefit, the effects of mechanical seedling killing and three concentrations of Lishougu seeding killing agent on the yield and storage resistance of Jizhangshu No.8 were studied in the Bashang area of Zhangjiakou city in Hebei peovince without seedling killing as the control. The results showed that low concentration （3.0 g/L） Lishougu seeding killing agent had the best economic benefit and increased 1 409 yuan（RMB）/hm², field yield of this treatment was 40 530 kg/hm²,0.7% less than that of control （40 800 kg/hm²）; The rate of rotten potato was 2.5%, which was significantly lower than that of control （4.7%）, and the weight of good potato out of storage was 39 517 kg/hm², which increased 1.6% compared with that of control （38 882 kg/hm²）;the starch content was 13.99%, decreased by 1.00 percent, and dry matter content was 19.45%, decreased by 1.31 percent.

Effects of different nitrogen fertilizer levels on tillering dynamics and yield formation of Zhenzhunuo

HU Yang, DUAN Bin, HE Shi-jie, FANG Ling, WANG Qing-lin, LI Hui-long, SONG Xiao-hua, CHEN Long

2021, 60(5): 25-28. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.005

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By studying of the tillering dynamics and yield composition changes of Zhenzhunuo under different nitrogen fertilizer levels, the effects of nitrogen fertilizer on tiller panicle formation, yield and yield composition factors of Zhenzhunuo were explored,and the economic benefits under different nitrogen levels was determined, to optimizethe fertilization mode, and provide references for the efficient application of this variety in production. The results showed that the tillering number of Zhenzhunuo increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer level. The range of tiller panicles was 60.73% to 78.54% under different treatments. Too much or too little nitrogen fertilizer will lead to the delay of start heading stage and full panicle stage, and the mature stage was the latest at the level of 202.5 kg/hm² nitrogen. Among the yield components of each treatment, the effective panicle increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer, the seed setting rate decreased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer, and the 1000-grain weight increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer. The 1000-grain weight was the highest at the level of 157.5 kg/hm² nitrogen. The yield increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer, and the yield was the highest at the nitrogen applicaiton level of 157.5 kg/hm². The agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer first increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer, and then began to decline after the nitrogen application level of 180.0 kg/hm². According to the fitting equation, the economic benefit reached the maximum when nitrogen was used at 96.88 kg/hm². In conclusion, under the appropriate conditions of P and K fertilizer, the yield structure of this variety is more reasonable, the yield is the highest, the group quality is higher, and the comprehensive benefit is better when the nitrogen fertilizer（N） use is 157.5 kg/hm².

Analysis on the dynamic changes of LUCC in Shaanxi province from 2010 to 2018

SU Ming-wei, ZHANG Wei-feng, DU Juan, LI Ming-jie, DUAN Lian, LIANG Yong-kang

2021, 60(5): 29-34. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.006

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Based on the data of land use survey status in Shaanxi province from 2010 to 2018, land use dynamic degree model, land use change range, single and comprehensive land use dynamic degree, comprehensive land use degree index, land use structure diversity index, superiority index and the uniformity index model were used to quantitatively analyze the dynamic changes of land use in Shaanxi province. The results showed that the area of arable land, grassland and unused land were year by year decreased, the transform of unused land was obviously; Garden land, forest land, urban village and industrial and mining land, transportation industry land, water area and water conservancy construction land all had different rates of increase, the forest land increased most prominent; The comprehensive index of land use degree in 2018 was 232.25, and the degree of land use was relatively high; the annual change rate of land use in 9a was 0.76%, and the change in land use was relatively slow.

Seasonal variation and climatic factors of reference crop evapotranspiration in Henan province

WANG Qi-bo, ZHANG Chen

2021, 60(5): 35-38. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.007

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Based on the daily data of 99 meteorological stations in Henan province from 1965 to 2018, the daily reference crop evapotranspiration was calculated by using of FAO Penman-Monteith equation. The spatiotemporal variation of reference crop evapotranspiration were analyzed by using trend analysis, and its climatic factors were analyzed by correlation analysis and partial correlation analysis. The results showed that the seasonal reference crop evapotranspiration was significant decreasing, and the decreased order of absolute value of climate tendency rate was summer, autumn, winter, spring. The distribution of reference crop evapotranspiration in spring was latitudinal, while that in summer and autumn were meridional. The decrease of wind speed and sunshine hours relative humidity were the main reason for the decrease of reference crop evapotranspiration in Henan province.

Spatial and temporal pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of heavy metals in surface dust on campus in Lanzhou city

LI Chun-yan, HU Meng-jun, WANG Jia, ZHANG Ya-yun, LI Na-na

2021, 60(5): 39-47. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.008

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The heavy metal content, temporal and spatial pollution characteristics and health risk levels of surface dust on some primary and secondary schools in the main urban area of Lanzhou city was studied, and the relationship between the monthly average heavy metal content of dust and the Nemeiro comprehensive pollution index and the climate environment was explored. The results showed that the seasonal average content of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb in the campus dust in the main urban area of Lanzhou city exceeded the soil background value of Lanzhou city, and the overall performance was higher in winter than in summer. High values areas of Cr and Ni were concentrated in the west and the solid area was distributed in clusters. The areas with high Pb content were concentrated in the middle of the Chengguan area. The high values of Cu and Zn were unevenly distributed in the main urban area. Cu, Zn, and Pb were seriously polluted, and heavy pollution occured mostly in autumn and winter. The level of comprehensive pollution was severe in winter, low in spring and summer, and unstable in autumn. The non-carcinogenic risk of different exposure routes of heavy metals to juvenile from big to small was hand-oral exposure, skin exposure, respiratory exposure, and the non-carcinogenic risk was in the order of Zn, Pb, Ni, Cr, Cu. Carcinogenic heavy metals Cr and Ni had low carcinogenic risks. The monthly average precipitation, wind level and southeast wind had significant correlations with the heavy metal content of dust and the Nemeiro comprehensive pollution index. The heavy metal pollution on campus mainly came from outside the school.

Research on the relationship between heat island effect and vegetation based on Landsat data：Taking Kaifeng city as an example

XU Chang, GAO Rong

2021, 60(5): 48-52. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.009

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With the continuous development of economy, the urban heat island phenomenon is becoming more and more serious, which not only restricts the green and healthy development of the social economy, but also harms the human health. Based on the data of Landsat5 and Landsat8, the spatial distribution of thermal environment in Kaifeng city was analyzed by using the method of atmospheric correction, and the vegetation cover in Kaifeng city was analyzed, in order to provide reference for green health planning and construction and mitigation of the heat island effect of Kaifeng city. The results showed that the urban heat island effect in Kaifeng city was obvious, and the high temperature mainly concentrated in the urban area of Kaifeng and spreaded to Xiangfu district, Weishi county, Tongxu county, Qi county and Lankao county. The areas of annual average temperature and high temperature zone in Kaifeng were on an upward trend. The areas of middle and sub-high temperature zones in Kaifeng increased significantly, the areas of sub-low temperature zones decreased significantly, and the increase speed of air temperature in urban area was faster than that in suburban area, which provided heat basis for the formation of heat island. There was a negative correlation between land surface temperature and vegetation cover, therefore, in the process of Kaifeng’s economic construction, we should make rational planning for urban land use, strengthen the planning for urban green space, increase the coverage of urban green space, and choose permeable pavement to alleviate Kaifeng’s heat island effect.

Temporal and spatial distribution of vegetation in Lyuliang mountain and the influence of topographical differences

SONG Xiao-jing, ZHOU Shu-qin, JING Yao-dong, WANG Bei-bei

2021, 60(5): 53-58. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.010

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Based on the MODIS NDVI data from 2000 to 2018, the average method and trend analysis method were used to reveal the characteristics of temporal and spatial changes of vegetation in Lyuliang mountain, and to explore the impact of topographical factors on vegetation changes. The results showed that the average annual normalized difference vegetation index（NDVI） of Lyuliang mountain showed an overall increasing trend from 2000 to 2018. The vegetation coverage of 99.77% of the whole area was stable and tended to be well transformed. Among them, the NDVI value of the middle section of the Lyuliang mountain was highest, and the NDVI value of western and northwestern Shanxi was lowest. Terrain differences affect the spatial distribution of NDVI to varying degrees. The elevation of 1 250~2 400 m, the NDVI increased with the elevation, and the elevation more than 2 400 m, the NDVI decreased with the elevation; The slope was bounded by 35°, When the slope was less than 35°, the mean value of NDVI increased with the increase of slope; The NDVI of shade slopes was higher than other slope directions and the difference was obvious, and the NDVI value of flat land was the smallest.

Spatial correlation characteristics of cultivated land fragmentation and cultivated land ecosystem service value in Zhejiang province,China

HE Wang, PAN Run-qiu

2021, 60(5): 59-67. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.011

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：cultivated land fragmentation and its average ecosystem service value in Zhejiang province were analyzed. Then the correlation between cultivated land fragmentation and its average cultivated land ecosystem service value was calculated by utilizing bivariate spatial autocorrelation method. The results showed that there was a significant negative spatial correlation between farmland fragmentation and ecosystem service value in Zhejiang province. During the study period, the area with high increase rate of cultivated land fragmentation were distributed in the north Zhejiang plain, the southeast coastal plain and the Jinqu basin, while the low value areas were scattered in the mountainous and hilly areas. And the high value areas of average cultivated land ecosystem service value（AESV） reduction were concentrated in north Zhejiang plain, indicating that the more serious the cultivated land fragmentation, the greater the reduction in cultivated land ecosystem services value.

Landscape ecological restoration strategy of Zhaojiaqu in Qi county,Henan province

ZHANG Yan-dong, CHEN Lu, WU Chao, HAN Yi, LIU Bao-guo

2021, 60(5): 68-73. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.012

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With the acceleration of urbanization, the healthy development of river ecology has attracted people’s attention. The gradual disappearance of river beaches, the shrinking of natural basins, river water pollution, and the reduction of species diversity are the main problems facing urban rivers today. Based on the analysis of the current situation of Zhaojiaqu, the article puts forward three strategies of river bed naturalization, non-point source pollution control, and river habitat construction. Through the application of river ecological restoration technology, the river can be restored to a near-natural state, and realize the trinity comprehensive construction goal of water environment, water landscape, and water ecology.

Analysis on spatial distribution characteristics of traditional villages and the influencing factors in Shanxi province

FENG Jia, FENG Wen-yong, SHI Lei

2021, 60(5): 74-79. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.013

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Taking Shanxi province as the research area, using GIS spatial analysis method and mathematical analysis method, the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of traditional villages in Shanxi province are explored from the perspective of macro level and micro level. The results show that, the spatial distribution of traditional villages in Shanxi province tends to be agglomerative; The spatial distribution of traditional villages presents a spatial pattern of “one belt and three areas”, which are Taihang-Wangwushan polar core belt, middle reaches of Fenhe River cluster area, Taohe-Songxi River cluster area and Yellow River-Qiushui River-Sanchuan River cluster area; The spatial correlation of traditional villages is significant, showing certain agglomeration characteristics and hot spots distribution; The spatial distribution of traditional villages is mainly affected by topography, hydrology and traffic, showing the distribution characteristics of lowland, close to the water and along the road. At the same time, it is affected by social economy and policy, but the effect of population is not significant.

Spatial evaluation of ecological sensitivity of Xiluodu town based on AHP-GIS

HAN Li, ZHOU Bing-jiang, MING Liang, MA Chang-le, LUO Qing, CAO Shi-rui

2021, 60(5): 80-84. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.014

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Xiluodu town was taken as the research object, combining with the related research status, field survey and vector data at home and abroad, seven evaluation indexes were selected as the evaluation mechanism, including altitude, plant canopy density, soil erosion, land type, slope, slope direction and rocky desertification, and the weight of evaluation indexes was analyzed by AHP method, and finally the spatial analysis method of ArcGIS was used for overlay analysis. The results showed that the ecological sensitivity of Xiluodu town was in the form of ladder, increasing from north to south. the south, southeast and southwest of Xiluodu town are of medium high sensitivity, and the area along Jinsha River in the north was mostly of light sensitivity. the proportion of light sensitive area, medium sensitive area and high sensitive area was 99.92%, indicating that the overall ecological sensitivity of Xiluodu town was relatively high. The main factors of ecological sensitivity were rocky desertification, canopy density, soil erosion and altitude. The research results can provide theoretical exploration and suggestions for the ecological environment protection and the establishment of ecological restoration scheme in the surrounding towns of Jinsha River Basin.

Effect of illuminance on photosynthetic efficiency and main flavonoids content in Taraxacum mongolicum

XU Yi-shen, XIE Xiao-yi, GUO Yang-dong, ZHANG Xi-chun

2021, 60(5): 85-88. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.015

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Aiming to investigate the relationship among illuminance and photosynthetic efficiency and accumulation of five main flavonoids in Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz., five different light intensities treatments were applied including light transmittance 100.0%（average illuminance 15 882 lx）, 82.8%（average illuminance 13 116 lx）, 60.3%（average illuminance 9 545 lx）, 37.9%（average illuminance 6 003 lx） and 14.5%（average illuminance 2 303 lx） during the growth of Taraxacum mongolicum, then the photosynthetic parameters and the content of five main flavonoids were determined by plant photosynthesis analyzer and high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）. The results showed that, the highest accumulation was observed in five main flavonoids under the light transmittance 60.3% among the five light treatments, which were Rutin 346.85 μg/g, Quercetin 502.75 μg/g, Luteolin 299.53 μg/g, Kaempferol 241.90 μg/g and Isorhamnetin 273.35 μg/g, and the photosynthetic efficiency in control group（100% light transmittance） was the best.There was the highest photosynthetic efficiency under full light conditions,and the light transmittance about 60.3% was most conducive to the accumulation of flavonoids during the cultivation of Taraxacum mongolicum, and the light transmittance below 60.3% is adverse to its growth.

Study on morphology and histology of Lamiophlomis rotata （Benth.） Kudo of different growth years

BAO Xin, LIU Qin, GU Rui, ZHONG Shi-hong

2021, 60(5): 89-94. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.016

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In order to find the basis for the identification of different growth years, provide reference for the study of population structure of Lamiophlomis rotata （Benth.） Kudo, the experiment was conducted to observe and compare the appearance and tissue structure of Lamiophlomis rotata （Benth.） Kudo for 1~3 years cultivated plants and different size levels wild plants. The root parameters such as root length, surface area and volume were obtained by root scanner, the aboveground and underground parts were observed by microscopic identification. The results show that, 1-year-old root have no branches, 2-year-old roots have 0~2 branches, 3-year-old roots have 2~5 branches, and occasionally withered heart. There are 1 midvein vascular bundle in 1-year-old leaves, 1~2 vascular bundles in 2-year-old leaves, and 1~3 vascular bundles in 3-year-old leaves, which are arranged in the shape of “U”. There is no thick horn tissue within the upper epidermis in the midrib of 1-year-old leaves, 1~2 rows of thick horn cells are occasionally seen below the upper epidermis of the midrib of 2-year-old leaves, and 2~3 rows of thick horn cells are found in the upper epidermis of 3-year-old leaves. The arrangement of xylem ducts in root cross section is different, 1-year-old and 2-year-old root ducts are scattered in single or several bundles, in a flat layer arrangement, 1-year-old ducts are compact, 2-year-old vessels are sparse, and dozens of 3-year-old ducts are cut into bundles and arranged continuously into rings parallel to the cambium. The small, medium and large grade plants in the field samples showed a similar pattern to that of 1~3-year-old cultivation. There are some differences in appearance, tissue structure and component content among different growth years, which can provide reference for the identification of growth years.

Analysis on population status of captive grey crowned crane in China

ZHU Yan, YANG Yu-zhao

2021, 60(5): 95-99. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.017

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Based on the data of captive grey crowned crane（Balaerica regulorum） population in China in 2018, with SPARKS v1.66 and PMx v1.2 the demographic and genetic analyses of population were conducted. The results of pedigree analysis showed that, as of December 31, 2018, there were 332 captive grey crowned crane maintained at 41 institutes in China. There were 16 founders whose numbers of descendants and contribution values were uneven. Although the genetic diversity of the population was 85.97%, the development trend over past 30 years indicated the population genetic diversity would decline continuously. The models predicated that after 100 years the number of population wouldn^,t reduce a lot but the genetic diversity would decline to 78.80%. Aiming to increase the number of captive gray crowned crane population and promote the healthy development of the population, some suggestions are put forward, such as improving the individual mark; Conducting sex identification for individual of unknown sex; Increasing breeding opportunities of potential foundersby encouraging inter-institutional cooperation; Improving environmental conditions; Avoiding possibility of hybrid offspring.

Identification and comparation study on morphological characteristics of Apis cerana cerana in Pengshui,Chongqing

LYU Yan, ZHOU Jun, HU Chong, SHI Peng

2021, 60(5): 100-102. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.018

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In this study, sample of bees were selected from the main habitat area of the Apis cerana cerana of 18 apiaries in Pengshui county of Chongqing. Six major morphological indexes of five worker honeybees, such as proboscis length,wing length and so on, were measured by each colony. The data of bee morphological indicators in Pengshui were compared with those data reported in 17 areas including Hubei and Jiangxi. The results showed that the average wing length, wing width and T3+T4 tergum length of the bees in Pengshui were at the middle-upper level, suggesting that their collecting ability and nectar storage capacity had certain advantages.These results can provide morphological data for the investigation and protection of the local honeybee genetic resources.

Study on technology extracting rosolic acid of Rosa roxbunghii Tratt. pomace

LIU Ying-xiao, YUAN Xiao-hong

2021, 60(5): 103-107. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.019

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The pomace of Rosa roxburghii Tratt. was used as raw material,based on single factor experiments, the optimal extraction conditions for rosolic acid of Rosa roxbunghii Tratt. pomace by alkali extraction and acid precipitation method were optimized by Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology. The results showed that alkaline solution pH 12, extraction time 120 min, liquid-to-material ratio of 17∶1 （mL∶g）, extraction temperature 73 ℃, extraction frequency 2, under this optimal extraction,the maximum yield of rosolic acid was 0.257% in accordance with the predicted value,indicating that extract parameters had good accuracy and reliability. The acid precipitation condition pH is 2, after extracting twice with 1.0 volume of ethyl acetate, the maximum yield of rosolic acid was 3.77%. This method is simple, efficient, energy saving and environmentally friendly, provide a theoretical basis for extracting rosolic acid from the Rosa roxbunghii Tratt. pomace.

Rapid analysis of free fatty acids in tobacco leaves by UPC²/MS

YU Shi-tao, TAO Yong-feng, YAO Jian-wu, WEI Gang, GAO Song, YANG Xin, TANG Xiang-bing

2021, 60(5): 108-112. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.020

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In order to quickly detect and analyze the content of free fatty acids in tobacco leaves,Ultraperformance convergence chromatography mass spectrometry（UPC²/MS） was established for the rapid analysis of 5 kinds of fatty acids, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, in 8 kinds of tobacco leaves, and identification of 32 kinds of free fatty acids. The results showed that HSS C₁₈ chromatographic column （SB 1.8 μm, 2.1 mm×150 mm） was used as the analytical column, CO₂ and 0.1% formic acid solution of methanol was used as the mobile phase to gradient elution by ACQUITY UPC² chromatographic system and Xevo TQS mass spectrometer. The 5 kinds of fatty acids had a good linear relationship within the range of 2.2~72.2 ng/mL （r>0.999）; the detection limit （S/N≥3） was 0.06~0.13 ng/mL; the quantitative limit （S/N≥10） was 0.19~0.41 ng/mL; the relative standard deviation （RSD） of precision was 5.2%~8.0%; the relative standard deviation （RSD） of stability was 4.3%~7.5%; the relative standard deviation （RSD） of repeatability test was 3.0%~6.7%; the average recovery rate was 95.8%~97.2% at different addition levels. The contents of palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid in 8 tobacco leaves ranged from 0.12 mg/g to 1.21 mg/g. The method is rapid, sensitive, selective and simple in sample pretreatment without derivation. It is applicable for the determination of free fatty acids in tobacco leaves.

Analysis on volatile components of wild cherry extract and its application

ZHANG Xin-min, WU Jing-jing, ZHANG Jun-song, HANG Shan-song

2021, 60(5): 113-114. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.021

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The volatile components of wild cherry extract were analyzed by GC-MS. A total amount of 27 volatile components were identified from wild cherry extract, including 3,4,5-trimethoxy-benzoic acid, scopoletin, benzoic acid, 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl alcohol, accounting for 33.21%, 23.77%, 12.01% and 10.45% respectively, which constituted the main body flavor of wild cherry extract. The wild cherry extract can mellow the tobacco fragrance and improve the quality of tobacco products effectively.

Determination of total iridoid glutinoside content of Rehmannia glutinosa by Sulfo-Phospho-Vanillin method

SUN Peng, MA Jun-zheng, DUAN Chen-chen, FU Na-na, HUANG Yong, LI Xian-en

2021, 60(5): 115-117. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.022

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To establish a method for determination of total iridoid glutinoside in the extract of Rehmannia glutinosa and measure the content of total iridoid glutinoside in seven Rehmannia glutinosa germplasms. The Sulfo-Phospho-Vanillin method was applied to compare the content of total iridoid glutinoside in Rehmannia glutinosa. The absorbance was detected at 510 nm. The results showed that a stand curve using catalpol was constructed at a concentration rang of 0.01~0.25 mg/mL. The regression equation was A=1.191 7ρ-0.003 5，the correlation coefficient is 0.999 9. It showed that the content of total iridoid glutinosides in leaves was usually higher than that in roots. The method established in this study is table， simple and rapid for determination of the total iridoid content in Rehmannia glutinosa，and it will provide convenience for content evaluation studies on samples of Rehmannia glutinosa.

Design and function implementation of grassland geographic information management system

LI Gang-yong, PENG Jian, YAN Yang, ZHANG Chu-jie

2021, 60(5): 118-120. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.023

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Based on grassland resources survey data and geographic information, this paper develops a large-scale Xinjiang grassland resources geographic information management platform system based on ArcGIS and WebGIS platforms. The system can directly connect the basic geographic information data released by the digital geospatial framework, and realize the management of one map and spatial analysis of the database of ground two-dimensional vector data, remote sensing data and survey statistics. It provides information support for grassland big data management and protection and utilization of grassland resources.

Tipping bucket rain gauge based on STM32 for online monitoring of sensor state

DUAN Pei-fa, ZHANG Xuan, ZHAO Yu, GAO Zhen-xiang, WANG Xiao-bin

2021, 60(5): 121-124. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.024

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In view of the fact that the reed failure of tipping bucket rain sensor can not be found in time, a tipping bucket rain gauge which can monitor the state of the sensor on-line is designed. The original normally open reed tube is changed to the normally closed reed tube for counting. At the same time, a detection circuit is added to judge the reed state by STM32 minimum system. At the same time, the reed fault information is timely transmitted by the door circuit signal Inform, easy to maintain. The developed tipping bucket rain gauge, which can monitor the status of the sensor on-line, can monitor the working state of the tipping bucket rain sensor in time, which is convenient for the maintenance personnel to arrive at the site for maintenance in time, and fill the gap that the tipping bucket rain gauge cannot monitor the status online in China.

Under various environmental conditions millet canopy image extraction based on H-component K-means

ZHENG Xiao-nan, ZHANG Wu-ping, HAN Ji-wan, YANG Fan, LIU Yu-ping, LIANG Liang, LI Fu-zhong

2021, 60(5): 125-130. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.025

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This research takes millet as the research object, collects four types of canopy images of millet, cloudy sky, complex background with shadows, uneven illumination, and dew and rain reflection. The extra-green segmentation, K-means clustering segmentation in Lab space and H-component of K-means clustering segmentation are used for canopy extraction, and the optimal method for millet canopy extraction under different conditions is explored. For millet canopy images with cloudy and complex backgrounds and shadows, the three algorithms can extract relatively completely, and the segmentation accuracy was above 93%; for images with uneven lighting, the ultra-green segmentation effect is the worst, based on the Lab space and the K-means clustering segmentation effect of the H-component is relatively excellent, respectively, 93% and 96%; for the image of dew and rain reflection, the K-means clustering segmentation accuracy based on the H component is the highest, reaching 97%. The results show that the K-means clustering algorithm based on H component is ideal for segmentation of millet canopy images obtained under four different environmental conditions, which provides a certain reference value for subsequent automatic monitoring of millet growth.

Research on information extraction of small water body based on GF-1 remote sensing image ——Take Chakou watershed as an example

ZHENG Xin-yue, GUO Qing-xia

2021, 60(5): 131-137. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.026

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In response to the problem of poor extraction of tiny water bodies in mountainous areas due to different factors, the GF-1 satellite remote sensing image on September 1, 2016 was selected, and three different methods of NDWI, SWI decision tree, and SVM classification were used to were extracted the small water bodies in the Chakou basin of Shanxi province in the gully area, and the extraction effect was visually compared and accuracy verified. The results showed that the high-resolution remote sensing images have better extraction results and higher accuracy,for the small water bodies in mountainous areas than the low- and medium-resolution remote sensing images. GF-1 images can be used to monitor the water body of the river basin; The main factors affecting the water body extraction of the river basin are bright-colored ground objects （mainly buildings） and shadows; NDWI, SWI decision tree, SVM classification method among the three methods, the water body information extracted by the NDWI method is weaker, and the SWI decision tree and SVM classification methods have higher accuracy, but the SWI decision tree method eliminates the influence of buildings and bright-colored ground objects, and clearly distinguishes shadows and water bodies. So it is more suitable for the extraction of tiny water bodies in the watershed.

Research on applicability of remote sensing classification methods for land use in hilly area of southern Jiangsu

ZHANG Ya-xin, WU Zhi-yong, HE Hai

2021, 60(5): 138-143. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.027

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Accurate, timely and effective land use information is of great significance to urban development planning as well as resources development and utilization. Jurong river basin was taken as the study area in order to evaluate the applicability of different remote sensing image classification methods in obtaining land cover information. With multi-temporal Landsat 8 OLI images, the land cover of Jurong river basin was obtained by supervised classification methods and decision tree method based on time-series characteristic indices. Comparison between the land cover information obtained from different extraction methods was carried on according to the overall classification accuracy and spatial distribution of ground objects. The results show that the overall classification accuracy and Kappa coefficient of support vector machine was the highest （96.4% and 0.948）, but the decision tree method based on time-series characteristic indices tends to be the closest to reality considering the spatial distribution of different ground objects;Maximum likelihood method and decision tree method were more applicable to land use classification in hilly region of southern Jiangsu province.

Exploring the utility of DNA barcoding in species identification of Chironomus

YU Hai-jun, WANG Qian

2021, 60(5): 144-148. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.028

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The research analyzed 749 DNA barcodes collected the 12 species of Chironomus species and downloaded barcodes in BOLD and Genbank database by ABGD （Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery） and NJ （Neighbor-joining）. The result showed that ABGD analysed genetic distance, existed “DNA barcode gap”. The NJ tree supported 60 molecular operational taxonomic units, and keep conformed to morphological identification.In addition, based on the data are found, Chironomus sp.TE11 from public library should be Chironomus pseudothummi. Our result is an important supplement for the Chinese DNA barcodes study of Chironominae, and provide data support for establishing and perfecting the Chinese DNA barcodes database of Chironominae.

Construction of pig CD150 eukaryotic expression vector and its stable expression in Marc-145 cells

ZHANG Lan, LIANG Wan, ZHOU Dan-na, YANG Ke-li, GUO Rui, LI Peng, TIAN Yong-xiang

2021, 60(5): 149-151. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.029

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The full-length porcine CD150 gene sequence was cloned and connected to the eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-N1 to obtain the recombinant vector pEGFP-N1-CD150. The expression of pEGFP-N1-CD150 was confirmed by sequencing, Western blot and transient transfection. The results showed that the sequence comparison rate of pEGFP-N1-CD150 vector and CD150 gene sequence was 100%; when the density of Marc-145 cells was 70%~80%, the transfection peak was 24 h, and the green fluorescence was the strongest; the protein with molecular weight of about 80 kDa was identified by Western blot, which was consistent with the expected size, indicating that CD150 protein was successfully expressed.

Research on the legal issues of the new model of live commerce to help farmers

MA Meng-meng

2021, 60(5): 152-155. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.030

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Live commerce to help farmers is an innovation of poverty alleviation mode in the internet era, which broadens the sales channels of agricultural products, promotes the increase of farmers’ income, and promotes the upgrading of agricultural industry. This study expounded the legal attributes and functions of live commerce, analyzed the legal problems existing in the new mode of live commerce, and put forward some suggestions on regulating the new mode of live commerce, so as to promote the stability of live broadcasting and goods, and better help the rural revitalization.

Research on the willingness of farmers to pay for weather index insurance from the perspective of concurrent business：Based on survey data of rice-shrimp co-cultivate farmers in Jingzhou and Qianjiang,Hubei

CHENG Yan, TAN Shu-hao

2021, 60(5): 156-161. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.031

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The insurance demand reflected by willingness to pay has an important influence on the development of agricultural insurance. Based on the 229 questionnaires of farmers in the field survey in Hubei province, a Logistic model was established to explore the factors affecting the willingness of farmer to pay, and the conditional valuation method was used to calculate the average willingness of farmers to pay. The results show that pure farmers are more willing to pay for weather index insurance than part-time farmers. The willingness to pay is related to their years of education, their scale of planting and breeding, the frequency of meteorological disasters, the degree of impact of meteorological disasters, whether they have bought insurance, and the protective role of insurance. Under the maximum amount of insurance repayment of 1 500 yuan per 667 m², the average willingness of farmers to pay is 37.72 yuan per 667 m², which is far lower than 90 yuan per 667 m² that is the price without subsidies.

Investigation and analysis on recognition of selenium-rich tea

HOU Yu-jing, QIAO Rui-huan, ZHAO Lin-long

2021, 60(5): 162-166. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.032

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Through the investigation of college students’ knowledge of Ankang Ziyang selenium-rich tea and their understanding of tea culture, and on the basis of statistical analysis, this study put forward some countermeasures and suggestions for the development of Ankang selenium-rich tea industry, aiming at the marketing strategy of Ankang selenium-rich tea shop, the promotion of tea culture in local schools and the guidance of local government on selenium-rich tea.

Analysis of agricultural productive service outsourcing and cotton farmers’ cotton planting behavior

LI Peng-cheng, MIN Yi-lan, MI Qiao, LI Xian-dong

2021, 60(5): 167-172. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.033

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Based on the theory of planned behavior, using the interview data of 1 036 farmers in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, this study analyzed the internal mechanism between agricultural productive service outsourcing and farmers’ willingness to plant cotton by using structural equation model. The results showed that the logic of farmers’ action in agricultural productive service outsourcing and cotton planting intention followed the path of “cognition-willingness-behavior”. Behavioral attitude, subjective norms and cotton planting policy had significant positive effects on the outsourcing tendency, and subjective norms had the largest promoting effect, while perceived behavioral control had negatively correlated with the outsourcing tendency. Cotton planting policy was conducive to promote the occurrence of cotton planting behavior, and indirectly induced the cotton planting behavior by mobilizing the outsourcing tendency of farmers. Outsourcing tendency had a partial mediating effect between their cognition and cotton planting behavior response, which affected farmers’ cotton planting intensity and driven cotton planting behavior.

Analysis framework of emergency management of public health emergency and capacity modernization

WANG Yuan

2021, 60(5): 173-177. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.034

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The outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic has posed a huge challenge to China’s emergency management system for public health emergency,exposed the shortcomings and deficiencies of emergency management system. Based on this situation,this study analyzed the whole process of emergency management of public health emergency in China, discussed the challenges faced by emergency management of public health emergency at this stage, further proposed a path to realize modernization of emergency management of public health emergency from the whole process of emergency management.

Evaluation of the suitability for the development of Xi’an rural endowment industry based on analytic hierarchy process

FU Yong-mei, XING Na, ZHANG Wan-jin

2021, 60(5): 178-182. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.035

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Through the construction of evaluation index system of rural endowment industry development in Xi’an city, the suitability of different resource factors in the development of the rural endowment industry was analyzed by using the analytic hierarchy process, and then the resource factors with low suitability were targeted to improve, so as to promote the development of the rural endowment industry in Xi’an with high quality, provide new pension mode and solution for the promotion of the pension industry.

Research on the relationship between farmland transfer and farmers’ income from the perspective of resource endowment：A case study of Nileke county

CAO Jing, ZHAO Jun

2021, 60(5): 183-187. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.036

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Based on the petspective of resource endowment（land resource endowment and human capital endowment）, this study used the field survey data from 263 farmer households in Nileke county, used multiple linear regression model to empirically analyze the relationship between farmland transfer and farmers’ income. The results show that farmland transfer area, transfer period significant affect farmers’ income in land resource endowment respect; The labor force quantity and working time, vocational skills level significant affect farmers’ income in human capital endowment respect. Peasant household resource endowment to some extent, influence farmers’ income and stability. According to the resource endowment of peasant households, targeted measures should be taken to actively encourage and guide farmers to participate in various forms of farmland transfer to increase their income.

Rational discrimination and era construction of identification of the poor in the process of economic development

YE Shi-bin

2021, 60(5): 188-192. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.037

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Based on the premise of whether it is necessary to identify the poor, this study systematically sorted out the concepts and policies of social assistance in ancient Chinese society and Western countries, and explored the economic and social reasons behind the policies, the actual effects of the policies, the influence and defects of the policies. On the premise of poor personnel identification differentiation assistance and comprehensive security system, this paper compared and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of them. The results show that the identification of relief for poor personnel effect is more accurate, less demand for national finance capital support, less impact on social justice, the positive influence to the economic and social development is better. Its advantages are comprehensive security system or universal cash benefit scheme can not be compared. Whether it is to deal with the specific poverty caused by the normal factors or the poverty caused by the sudden social crisis, we should adhere to the differential social relief mode based on the premise of the identification of the poor.

Research on the application of competency model in the performance evaluation of village cadres：Take Hotan area of Xinjiang as an example

CUI Si-min, DU Hong-ru, LI Zheng-xin

2021, 60(5): 193-196. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.038

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By using literature analysis method, behavioral event interview method and expert opinion method, this study constructed a competency model of the village cadres in Hotan area including 6 dimensions and 25 competency characteristics including work ability, and established evaluation index system based on it, and analyzed it by using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The results show that the constructed competency model has a certain application value in the performance evaluation of village cadres in Hotan area.

Research on social organizations participation in rural environmental governance from the perspective of embeddedness：A case study of Qinjian village in Nanjing city

GU Lin-yu, YE Hong-wei

2021, 60(5): 197-201. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2021.05.039

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In order to improve the rural living environment, realize rural revitalization and promote social organizations to participate in rural environmental governance. This study taked Herun social work service center’s participation in the environmental governance of Qinjian village in Nanjing city as an example, using embeddedness theory and field research methods to study the practice model of multi-dimensional social organizations embedded in rural environmental governance. The practical dilemma of social organizations participation in rural environmental governance was analyzed from system de-embedding, capacity de-embedding and cooperation de-embedding. The results showed that there were some problems in the participation of social organizations in rural environmental governance, including the lack of legal system located in the public and social organizations, the lag of social organizations professional ability in rural environmental governance, and the disconnection between social organizations and government, villagers and other social organizations. In view of these problems, from the perspective of external support, internal reconstruction and collaborative re-emplacement, it is proposed to enact laws concerning social organizations, improve the mechanism for public participation in environmental governance, improve the ability of social organizations to participate in rural environmental governance, strengthen the principal position of villagers, and strengthen the cooperative relationship between government, villagers and social organizations.

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