HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

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Effects of shading treatments on the kernel abortion and yield of maize

CHANG Xiao, WANG Xiao-bo, LIU Bo-lin, YANY Zhao-sheng, LI Jian

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 1-6. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.001

Abstract （146）

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Using maize （Zea mays L.） hybrid varieties Zhongyan 1603 and Zhongyan 698 as test materials, different shading duration treatments were set under field planting conditions to explore the effects of different shading treatments（30% shading rate） on maize kernel abortion, yield and its components. The results showed that in terms of kernel abortion, yield and its components, Zhongyan 698 was more sensitive to shading treatments than Zhongyan 1603. The proportion of kernel abortion increased with the increase of shading duration. At the stage of total small flowers to fertilize small flowers and the stage of fertilized small flowers to grains, shading stageⅢ（the 8th leaf stage to the 18th leaf stage shading） and shading stageⅣ（the 8th leaf stage to the silking stage shading） had significantly higher abortion rates than the non shading control （P<0.05）. In the mature period, the ear length, ear diameter and the kernels per row decreased with the increase of shading duration, and the difference between shading stage Ⅳ and the non shading control was significant（P<0.05）, while shading had no effect on the number of rows per ear. The yield, thousand-grains weight and number of grains per spike under shading treatments were lower than those of the non-shading control, and the differences between the shading stage Ⅲ, Ⅳ and the non-shading control were significant （P<0.05）, while shading had no effect on the number of harvested panicles. The correlation analysis results showed that the shading duration and the interval days between flowering and silk emergence were significantly positively correlated with the abortion rates （P<0.01）. In addition to the number of harvested panicles, the yield indicators were significantly negatively correlated with the number of shading days and the interval days between flowering and silk emergence （P<0.01）. This indicated that with the increase of shading, the interval days between flowering and silk emergence of maize were extended, and the kernels abortion rate after silk emergence was increased, resulting in a decrease in ear length, ear diameter and the kernels per row, thereby reducing thousand grain weight, grains per spike and yield.

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Efficiency calculation and layout optimization of national land spatial utilization in Jinzhong City

DENG Ze-lan, LIU Hui-fang, WANG Jin, GUO Yong-long

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 7-15. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.002

Abstract （92）

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Taking Jinzhong City of Shanxi Province as an example, the layout optimization path under the difference of national land spatial utilization efficiency was explored. Firstly, based on the analysis of land spatial utilization system, the land spatial utilization efficiency of Jinzhong City was measured. Secondly, the scenario plan and index system of national land spatial development and protection with efficiency as the core were constructed, and multi-criteria decision analysis was introduced to identify the advantages of spatial development. Finally, the land spatial utilization of Jinzhong City was optimized using the method of space superposition, classification and merger. The results showed that the land utilization efficiency of Jinzhong City had obvious spatial imbalance, showing the distribution characteristic of high in the east and west, and low in the middle. The western and northwestern plain areas of Jinzhong City had more advantages in urban development and agricultural production, which were mainly determined as urban advantage areas and agricultural advantage areas under different scenarios, while the eastern mountainous areas had prominent ecological advantages and were mainly classified as ecological advantage areas. There were six types of optimized territorial space zoning in Jinzhong City, including the urban core development area, agricultural core production area, ecological core protection area, urban-rural integration development area, ecological and agricultural development area, ecological and economic development area, and the overall distribution was relatively concentrated. Among them, the ecological core protection area had the largest area, accounting for 37.27%. The future development of Jinzhong City should adjust the land utilization structure, improve the factor input mechanism, and realize the efficient use of land space to support high-quality development according to the land spatial optimization zoning characteristics that the northwest mainly developed towns and agriculture, and the southeast mainly developed ecology.

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Study on prediction and trade-off/synergies of ecosystem service value in Changji City under multiple scenarios

CHEN Meng-xi, WANG Cheng-wu, YAN Tian-liang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 16-22. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.003

Abstract （86）

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Taking Changji City of Xinjiang Province as an example, the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of land use and ecosystem service value （ESV） under multiple scenarios in 2030 were predicted based on the PLUS model and the equivalent factor method. At the same time, Pearson correlation analysis and bivariate spatial auto-correlation analysis were carried out to explore the trade-off/synergies relationship. The results showed that, from 2010 to 2030, the land use structure of Changji City had changed significantly, with the most significant changes under the urban development scenario and the most moderate changes under the ecological protection scenario. From 2010 to 2020, the ESV of Changji City decreased by 693 million yuan. From 2020 to 2030, the ESV would decrease by 653 million yuan, 626 million yuan and 611 million yuan in the urban development scenario, cultivated land protection scenario and natural development scenario, respectively; under the ecological protection scenario, the ESV would increase by 50 million yuan, and the individual ESV also showed an increasing trend. There was an obvious synergistic relationship between ecosystem services in Changji City, with the northern desert and central construction land areas showing low-low synergy, while the southern woodland and grassland were mainly high-high synergy, and the high-low trade-off and low-high trade-off were distributed around the wetland in a dotted pattern.

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Drought characteristics and spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of water cycle factors based on remote sensing and assimilation data

LIU Yan-qun, WANG Min, HUANG Guan-rong, LI Li-fang, LI Cao-ming

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 23-27. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.004

Abstract （91）

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Based on the Global Land Data Assimilation System as the data source, the temperature vegetation drought index was improved. On this basis, the drought characteristics were analyzed. The four assimilation data including evapotranspiration, groundwater runoff, precipitation and soil water storage were selected as water cycle elements, and the spatio-temporal evolution of water cycle elements was analyzed using wavelet transform. The results showed that the correlation between the improved temperature vegetation drought index（TVDI） and soil moisture data had been improved. When the soil depth was between 0 cm and 10 cm, the correlation between TVDI and soil moisture was the highest except for individual climatic regions. The correlation between TVDI and soil moisture in the warm season was better than that in the cold season except for the Northwest Desert region and the Inner Mongolia grassland areas. The annual precipitation in China was concentrated between 600 mm and 700 mm, with evapotranspiration below 500 mm. The annual groundwater runoff in China ranged from 100 mm to 250 mm, and the annual soil water storage capacity ranged from 460 mm to 540 mm. The annual evapotranspiration and annual precipitation in the Northwest Desert region,Tibetan Plateau and Northeast China showed a significant increase trend, and the annual soil water storage and annual groundwater runoff in the Northwest Desert region and Northeast China showed a significant downward trend.

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Effects of planting Asparagus cochinchinensis in different artificial forests on soil physical properties and nutrient content

LU Zhen-xian, MA Dao-cheng, JIANG Feng-jing, YANG Mei, XU Yuan-yuan, SHEN Li-feng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 28-34. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.005

Abstract （87）

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In order to explore the effect of planting Asparagus cochinchinensis in different artificial forests, soil physical properties and nutrient contents between different layers of soil were studied by interplanting 1-year-old A. cochinchinensis seedlings in pure Cunninghamia lanceolata forest, C. lanceolata + Pinus massoniana mixed-forest, C. lanceolata + Eucalyptus mixed-forest and pure Schima superba forest. The results showed that most of the physical indexes were significantly different among different planting models（P<0.01）. The soil water holding capacity of S. superba-A. cochinchinensis was better than that of C. lanceolata-A. cochinchinensis among pure forest models, and the soil water holding capacity C. lanceolate+P. massoniana / Eucalyptus-A. cochinchinensis model was improved compared with that of C. lanceolata-A. cochinchinensis model. Only total nitrogen and total potassium contents of forest soil were significantly different in the 0~20 cm soil layer（P<0.01）, but all the indexes were significantly different in the 20~40 cm soil layer（P<0.01）. The soil nutrient content of S. superba-A. cochinchinensis model was higher than that of the C. lanceolata-A. cochinchinensis model, while the soil nutrient content of C. lanceolate+ P. massoniana/ Eucalyptus-A. cochinchinensis in the 0~20 cm soil layer was better than that of the C. lanceolate-A. cochinchinensis model, but the nutrient accumulation in the 20~40 cm soil layer varied according to the model. For the rhizosphere soil of A. cochinchinensis, only the total carbon content was extremely significantly different among models（P<0.01）. The nutrient content of the rhizosphere soil in S. superba-A. cochinchinensis was the best, and the nutrient content of the rhizosphere soil in mixed forest of C. lanceolata was higher than that of pure forest of C. lanceolata. In conclusion, soil properties were improved under the S. superba-A. cochinchinensis model, which could be extended in production. However, the supplementation of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer should be emphasized. The soil properties of C. lanceolate+P. massoniana/Eucalyptus-A. cochinchinensis model were better than those of C. lanceolata-A. cochinchinensis model.

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Screening and growth-promoting properties of jujube rhizosphere microorganism in Northern Shaanxi

LIU Xin-rui, HUANG Jun-li, HE Xiao-long, LIU Yue-qin, GAO Xiao-peng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 35-38. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.006

Abstract （83）

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In order to provide reliable microbial resources for the research and development of jujube biological bacterial fertilizer industry in Northern Shaanxi Province, strains with growth-promoting properties were screened from rhizosphere microorganisms of jujube in Northern Shaanxi Province by selective medium, and their growth-promoting properties were preliminarily studied. The results showed that eight strains of potassium-solubilizing bacteria were obtained, and the potassium-solubilizing rate was 1.7%~2.8%.Among them, strain zyk-8 had the highest potassium-solubilizing ability. Eleven strains of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria were obtained, and the phosphorus-solubilization rate was 1.77%~2.66%. Among them, the phosphorus-solubilizing rate of strain zyp-5 was the highest. Ten strains of producing siderophore were obtained, and the relative content of siderophore was 9.20%~47.85%. Among them, zyf-6 had the strongest ability to produce siderophore. Ten indoleacetic acid（IAA）-producing strains were screened, and IAA content in the fermentation broth was 4.50~20.56 mg/L. Among them, strain zyi-3 had the strongest ability to produce IAA. The selected strains had good growth promotion potential and could be used as effective strains to enhance soil fertility.

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Construction of mathematical models for phosphorus fertilizer application amount and phosphorus nutrient balance in cotton

CAO Zuan, HU Yan, LIU Xue-yun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 39-43. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.007

Abstract （77）

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In order to optimize the application amount of phosphorus fertilizer in cotton and ensure the balance of phosphorus, the Logistic model was selected to analyze the phosphorus accumulation in different growth stages of cotton, and then the exponential model and linear model were used to analyze the relationship between phosphorus application amount and soil available phosphorus content. Based on the fertilizer effect function method, a linear plus platform mathematical model was constructed to simulate the relationship between phosphorus fertilizer application amount and cotton yield. On this basis, the optimum fertilization amount was determined by the nutrient balance method. The results showed that as the application of phosphorus fertilizer gradually increased, the yield of cotton also increased accordingly. When the application amount of phosphorus fertilizer was 83.99 kg/hm², the yield of seed cotton reached the highest level, which was 6 410.784 kg/hm². By optimizing the fertilization strategy, the phosphorus input of cotton was determined to be 21.98 mg/kg, and the corresponding phosphorus fertilizer application amount （P₂O₅） was 82.64 kg/hm², which could not only ensure the cotton yield, but also ensure the balance between the acquisition and expenditure of phosphorus.

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Adsorption effect of different aggregates on typical runoff pollutants

CHEN Wen-gao, ZHANG Jia-lei, XU Cong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 44-48. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.008

Abstract （77）

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A comparative test of runoff pollutant removal was carried out for 4 different substrates. These 4 different substrates were coarse river sand （particle size of 1.00~2.00 mm）, fine river sand （particle size of 0.15~0.60 mm）, coarse quartz sand （particle size of 1.00~2.00 mm） and fine quartz sand （particle size of 0.50~1.00 mm）. The conventional sandy loam （particle size of 0.02~0.20 mm） was used as the control. The results showed that when the initial concentration of total nitrogen was 20 mg/L, the four substrates had the highest removal rate of total nitrogen. When the initial concentration of total phosphorus was 40 mg/L, the removal rate of total phosphorus by the four substrates was the highest. With the increase of the initial concentration of pollutants, the removal rate of pollutants by the four substrates had a significant downward trend. In general, the removal rate of pollutants by coarse quartz sand and fine river sand was higher than that of the other two materials. In terms of adsorption capacity, except for fine river sand, the adsorption capacity of the other three substrates to pollutants increased firstly and then tended to be stable with the increase of initial concentration of pollutants, while fine river sand showed good adsorption potential at high concentration. According to the analysis, the main reason was that river sand removed pollutants through physical adhesion, which was mainly affected by surface area, while quartz sand intercepted pollution through chemical adsorption, and the main control factor was porosity. Therefore, river sand with large specific surface area and quartz sand with large porosity had more obvious intercepting effect.

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The influence of different carbon based materials on the anaerobic digestion performance of kitchen waste

CHEN Jian-kun, GUO Zhan-bin, FENG Jing, MENG Hai-bo, YE Bing-nan, LI Pei-qi, XU Han, YU Jia-dong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 49-55. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.009

Abstract （86）

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Six carbon based materials were used for anaerobic digestion experiment of kitchen waste, and the methane production potential experiment was carried out using the AMPTS fully automatic methane potential testing system. The methane production potential of kitchen waste and the influence of carbon based materials on anaerobic digestion performance of kitchen waste were analyzed by combining kinetic equations. The results showed that, except for carbon cloth and carbon nanotubes （material ratio of 3∶5, m/m, the same below）, the addition of other carbon based materials could improve the removal rate of organic matter in the anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste and enhanced the degradation performance of organic matter. The cumulative methane production of the biochar addition group increased by 55.9% （material ratio of 4∶5） and 55.5% （material ratio of 3∶5） respectively compared to the control group;using the modified Gompertz model equation to fit the cumulative methane production, adding biochar to the kitchen waste anaerobic digestion could significantly enhance the material’s methane production capacity and shorten the anaerobic digestion lag period. Microbial community structure analysis showed that the bacterial community structure before and after anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste did not undergo significant changes at the phylum level. Firmicutes and Bacteroidota were the dominant phyla in each experimental group, with Firmicutes having an absolute dominant position; the dominant archaea in each experimental group were all Methanococcus.

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Two new pests of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. in Guizhou Province

WU Yue-kai, WANG Li, DAI Xiao-yong, WANG Jun, LIU Yong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 56-58. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.010

Abstract （82）

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Two new pests of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. in Guizhou Province, Agrilus viduus Kerremans and Trichochrysea imperialis Baly, were described. Agrilus viduus Kerremans bored into the stem in its larval stage resulting in the weakening and death of the tree, while Trichochrysea imperialis Baly ate the fresh terminals and young leaves in its adult stage, which affected the spread and growth of tip leaves.

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Isolation of endophytic bacteria from Morinda citrifolia and antioxidant activity of its metabolites

ZHANG San-yan, CHEN Xue-ru, JIN Wei-hua

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 59-64. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.011

Abstract （75）

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Nine endophytic bacteria were isolated from fresh Morinda citrifolia, which were cultured in the liquid medium respectively. The supernatant obtained after centrifuging the culture broth was the extracellular metabolite, and the intracellular metabolite （intracellular content） was obtained by ultrasonic cell disruption of the centrifuged bacteria. The scavenging effects on DPPH free radicals, hydroxyl free radicals, superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide and the total reducing power of the extracellular metabolites and intracellular contents were tested. The results showed that the antioxidant activities of the extracellular metabolites and intracellular contents of the nine endophytic bacteria strains from Morinda citrifolia were different. Among them, the scavenging rate of the extracellular metabolites of 3# endophyte on DPPH free radicals reached 95.49%, and that of the intracellular content of 4# endophyte on DPPH free radicals reached 92.47%, both exceeding that of 90 μmol/L ascorbic acid of the same volume. The scavenging effect of the extracellular metabolites of 2# endophyte on hydroxyl free radicals was far beyond that of ascorbic acid, reaching 98.13%. The scavenging rate of hydroxyl free radicals of the intracellular content of 3# endophyte was 78.00%, which was twice that of ascorbic acid. The scavenging rate of the extracellular metabolite of 3# endophyte on superoxide anions reached 100%. The total reducing power of the intracellular content of 4# endophyte was the highest.

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Synthesis and antifungal activity of benzaldehyde benzoyl hydrazone compounds

SHA Yun-ying, LIU Zhu-yun, LIU Ming-yuan, ZHOU Lin, NIU Xiao-shu, YANG Shan-shan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 65-69. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.012

Abstract （73）

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Seventeen benzaldehyde benzoyl hydrazone compounds were designed and synthesized from substituted benzoyl hydrazides. The structures of the target compounds were determined by ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR. The in vitro inhibitory activities of all compounds against 9 common plant pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. Niveum, Alternaria solani, Alternaria alternate, Curvularia lunata, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium bulbigenum, Valsa mali, Pyricularia oryza, and Physalospora piricola were determined using kresoxim-methyl as the positive control. The results showed that 17 compounds had different degrees of inhibitory activities, and compound A11 had the highest activity. The inhibition rate of 8 tested fungi was higher than that of kresoxim-methyl except Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. Niveum, and its EC₅₀ was also lower than that of kresoxim-methyl. Preliminary analysis of the activity data showed that the antifungal activity of the corresponding compounds was significantly improved by introducing -F and -Me active groups.

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The effects of different annual crop rotation patterns on tobacco root-knot nematodes

LI Jun-ying, ZHOU Min, DENG Xiao-peng, ZOU Bing-li, ZHANG Hong, ZHANG Liu-chen, YANG Jing-hua, ZHOU Shao-song

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 70-74. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.013

Abstract （85）

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In order to explore the effects of different annual crop rotation patterns on tobacco root-knot nematodes, a field positioning experiment was carried out in Zhanyi District, Qujing City, Yunnan Province. With flue-cured tobacco-winter fallow-flue-cured tobacco as the control, five rotation treatments of flue-cured tobacco-green manure-sorghum, flue-cured tobacco-green manure-marigold, flue-cured tobacco-oats-marigold, flue-cured tobacco-barley-marigold, flue-cured tobacco-quinoa-marigold were set up to study the effects of different rotation treatments on the number of tobacco root-knot nematodes, the incidence rate and disease index of flue-cured tobacco at different stages. The results showed that the number of root-knot nematodes in the soil after harvesting barley, oats, and quinoa was significantly lower than that before transplanting in the tobacco winter fallow （CK） treatment, indicating that planting barley, oats, and quinoa in winter could inhibit the growth of root-knot nematodes compared to winter fallow. After harvesting marigold, compared to the peak flowering period of marigold flowers, the number of soil root-knot nematodes decreased by 14.9%, 20.0%, and 41.3% in the treatments of tobacco-oat-marigold, tobacco-barley-marigold, and tobacco-quinoa-marigold, respectively. It indicated that annual rotation of tobacco with oats, barley, quinoa, and marigold could reduce the number of soil root-knot nematodes to some extent.

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The germination characteristics of the seeds of the unique and rare medicinal plant of Illicium difengpi in karst region

CHEN Shuo, DENG Li-li, JIANG Zhong-lin, XIONG Zhong-chen, JIANG Yun-sheng, WEI Xiao, SHI Yan-cai

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 75-80. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.014

Abstract （79）

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Using Illicium difengpi B. N. Chang seeds as materials, the germination characteristics and the optimal germination environment of Illicium difengpi seeds were investigated, and the seed kernel weight and the seed shell weight were determined. The effects of different soaking time （0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 d）, different water content of substrate （30%, 50%, 70%） and different sowing depth （0, 1, 2, 3, 4 cm）, different light conditions （all black, natural light）, different soil substrates （sandy soil, fertilized soil, loess, mixed soil, perlite）, and different gibberellins breaking dormancy treatments （a total of 9 combinations） on the germination of Illicium difengpi seeds were studied. The results showed that the length-to-width ratio of Illicium difengpi seeds was close to 1.5∶1, and the average ratio of seed kernel weight to seed shell weight was 2.40. The germination rate was highest when seeds were soaked for 4 days and the water content of substrate was 70%. The germination rate was highest at a sowing depth of 1 cm. Soaking time, sowing depth, lighting, sowing substrate, and gibberellin treatment to break dormancy all significantly affected the germination rate of seeds. Under dark conditions, seeds soaked for 4 days and treated with gibberellin to break dormancy （soaked in 100 mg/L gibberellin for 12 hours, removed for 30 hours of stratification treatment, and then soaked in 100 mg/L gibberellin for another 12 hours） were sown in perlite substrate at a depth of 1 cm, maintaining a substrate water content of 70%, which could effectively improve their germination rate.

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Germplasm resource evaluation of Artemisia stolonifera based on photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics

WANG Ye, WANG Chu, CHANG Na-na, XU Yang, HUANG Lu-qi, LI Hui

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 81-87. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.015

Abstract （80）

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In order to select high and stable germplasm resources of Artemisia stolonifera, photosynthetic fluorescence parameters of leaves of different phenotypes of Artemisia stolonifera were evaluated. Artemisia stolonifera planted in Sunjia Village, Zhangshu City, Jiangxi Province was used as experimental material, and six phenotypes of Artemisia stolonifera were used as test objects. The chlorophyll photosynthetic fluorescence parameters were determined by portable photosynthesometer, and the photosynthetic capacity and potential adaptability of different phenotypes were evaluated by variance analysis, principal component analysis and membership function analysis. The results showed that the phenotypic leaf morphology of the 6 species was significantly different, and the photosynthetic parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the leaves of different phenotypes were significantly different. The net photosynthetic rates of dark green large leaf type [（16.260±3.585） μmol/（m²s）] and light green narrow leaf type [（17.366±3.982） μmol/（m²s）] were significantly higher than those of the other 4 phenotypes. Principal component analysis showed that net photosynthetic rate, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration, water vapor pressure deficit value, initial fluorescence value and maximum fluorescence value under dark adaptation were important contributing variables. The results of membership function value calculation showed that light green narrow leaf type（0.58）, dark green large leaf type（0.53） and dark green narrow leaf type （0.50） had higher comprehensive ranking scores and were suitable as candidate excellent germplasm.

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Spatial variation characteristics and influencing factors of tobacco leaf sensory quality in Qujing tobacco-growing regions

CHEN Han, LI Zhuo-rong, YANG Li-ping, LI Kai, LIU Dong-mei, MA Li, DENG Guo-bin, LI Zu-hong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 88-94. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.016

Abstract （94）

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Based on tobacco leaves in nine major tobacco-planting regions in Qujing City, the spatial distribution characteristics of sensory quality of tobacco leaves in Qujing City were explored. In October 2022, 227 primary roasted middle tobacco leaves were collected from nine tobacco-planting regions in Qujing to determine sensory quality, appearance quality, physical characteristics and chemical composition of tobacco leaves. ArcGIS was used to analyze the spatial distribution of sensory quality of Qujing tobacco leaves, and the effects of appearance quality, physical characteristics and chemical composition on sensory quality were explored by random forest and other methods. The results showed that the overall sensory quality of tobacco leaves in Qujing tobacco-growing regions was good, but there were spatial differences. The variation was parabolic from north to south, the east-west trend was an inverted “U” shape, both sides were low and the middle was high. Correlation analysis showed that color, chroma, total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium oxide had significant positive correlations with sensory quality. Leaf weight, filling value and total nitrogen were negatively correlated with sensory quality. The random forest model was used to analyze the contribution degree of each index to sensory quality of tobacco leaves. The degree of influence on sensory quality from strong to weak was total sugar, reducing sugar, total nitrogen, potassium, and chroma. In summary, there were spatial differences in sensory quality of tobacco leaves in nine tobacco-planting counties in Qujing City, which could provide reference for the selection of characteristic raw materials for industrial enterprises. The reason for the difference may be related to the changes in the contents of total sugar, reducing sugar, total nitrogen and potassium in tobacco leaves. Therefore, it was suggested that the contents of total sugar, reducing sugar, total nitrogen and potassium in tobacco leaves should be controlled by directional technology to optimize or stabilize the sensory quality of tobacco leaves in Qujing City.

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The effects of the combined application of yeast metabolites and inorganic fertilizer on the flowering period and bulb rejuvenation of tulips

LIANG Si-wei, ZHOU Can, XIANG Lin, LU Hao-wen, LIU Shi-dong, ZHANG Yan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 95-99. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.017

Abstract （82）

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The effects of yeast organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer （nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, NPK） combined application on the flowering period and bulb quality of tulips were investigated, to provide a scientific basis for extending the flowering period and promoting bulb rejuvenation in tulips. There were three treatment groups in the text： a control group（no fertilizer was applied）, a conventional inorganic fertilizer （NPK）, and the combined application of yeast organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer （Yeast fertilizer + NPK）. Commercial tulip varieties, namely La Reine and Golden Apollo, were selected as materials for the fertilization treatments. The results revealed that yeast fertilizer + NPK treatment significantly prolonged the flowering period of tulips. Specifically, for La Reine, the flowering period was extended by 5 days compared to the control group and 2 days compared to the NPK treatment group after the Yeast fertilizer + NPK treatment. Similarly, for Golden Apollo, the flowering period was extended by 6 days compared to the control group and 2 days compared to the NPK treatment group. Further analysis showed that the yeast fertilizer + NPK group had a higher proportion of larger diameter bulbs, significantly increased fresh weight of individual bulbs, and possessed higher levels of starch, soluble sugar, and soluble protein inside the bulbs compared to the control and NPK treatments. In conclusion, the combined application of yeast organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer not only prolonged the flowering period of tulips but also enhanced bulb enlargement and nutrient accumulation.

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Effects of biochar application on soil physical and chemical properties and fruit quality of kiwifruit orchards

WU Bo-ping, HUO Liu-qing, MA Hai-jie, GAO Yong-bin, XU Kai

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 100-103. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.018

Abstract （78）

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In order to study the effects of biochar on soil physical and chemical properties and fruit quality formation in kiwifruit orchards, a field experiment was carried out in the rain-sheltered kiwifruit orchard with 12-year-old kiwi （Actinidia chinensis） as test materials. Four biochar application rates of 0 kg/plant （CK）, 4 kg/plant （B4）, 8 kg/plant （B8） and 16 kg/plant （B16） were set up. The results showed that biochar application significantly increased soil pH, organic matter content and available phosphorus content（P<0.05）, and increased soil fertility. The yield per plant and single fruit weight of kiwifruit increased significantly with the increase of biochar application（P<0.05）. The soluble solid content, soluble sugar content, vitamin C content and solid-acid ratio of kiwifruit fruit increased significantly after biochar application（P<0.05）, and the content of titratable acid content was inhibited（P<0.05）. The effect of different biochar application amount on fruit quality was different, and the fruit intrinsic quality of group B8 was the best. Therefore, the application of biochar could improve soil physical and chemical properties to enhance the yield and fruit quality of kiwifruit.

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Effect of different fruit thinning treatments on yield and quality of Shine Muscat grape

ZHENG Bi-xia, LI Chang-lin, JI Xiao-mei, GONG Lin-zhong, FANG Lin-chuan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 104-108. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.019

Abstract （82）

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With Shine Muscat grape as the research object, four treatments of fruit thinning were conducted, including 100, 80, 60 berries and no fruit thinning for each grape bunch. And the influences on the berry weight, longitudinal and transverse diameter, soluble solid, soluble sugar, titrable acid, and soluble protein content of Shine Muscat grape fruit were studied. The results showed that when the thinning amount of the berry was 100 and no fruit thinning,the grape bunch was crowded and each berry was small, while the content of the soluble solid was low. When the thinning amount of the berry was 80, the berry size was medium, the soluble solid and soluble protein content was high. When the amount of the berry was 60, the berry was uniform, without any size differences, the single berry weight was the heaviest, and the soluble solid content and economic benefit were higher. Considering the comprehensive benefits, the best thinning amount of Shine Muscat grape was 60 berries for each grape bunch in Hubei Province.

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Optimization of ultrasonic assisted extraction of total flavonoids and gallic acid from Pithecellobium clypearia （Jack） Benth. by response surface methodology

XIAO Ni-jie, DENG Li-li, CHEN Shuo, SHI Yan-cai

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 109-118. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.020

Abstract （84）

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Taking the stems and leaves of Pithecellobium clypearia（Jack） Benth. as experiment materials, the total flavonoids and gallic acid were extracted by ultrasonic assisted extraction method. On the basis of single factor experiment, the extraction process was optimized by response surface methodology. The results showed that the order of influence of different factors on extraction of total flavonoids from Pithecellobium clypearia（Jack） Benth. was ratio of material and liquid > ultrasonic power > ultrasound time > ethanol concentration. The optimal extraction condition was ratio of material and liquid 1∶90, ethanol concentration 75%, ultrasonic power 170 W and ultrasound time 40 min. Under this condition, the yield of total flavonoids was 2.29% （theoretical value 2.37%）. The order of influencing factors on gallic acid extraction was ethanol concentration > ratio of material and liquid > ultrasound time. The optimal extraction condition was ratio of material and liquid 1∶70, ethanol concentration 65% and ultrasonic time 60 min. Under this condition, the extraction rate of gallic acid was 5.98% （theoretical value 6.04%）. The model established in this study had a good fitting effect, and the experimental values were highly correlated with the fitting values, which had strong guidance for the extraction of total flavonoids and gallic acid from Pithecellobium clypearia （Jack） Benth., and could provide a scientific basis for the subsequent research.

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Study on extraction and purification of polysaccharides from Syzygium jambos fruit and its antioxidant activity

WEI Ai-hong, HE Ru-qian, ZHUANG Yuan-bei, LI Rong-di, NIE Hua, ZHANG Sheng-yuan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 119-125. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.021

Abstract （76）

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Using Syzygium jambos fruit as the raw material, the solid-liquid ratio, ultrasonic time, and ultrasonic temperature were selected as experimental factors. On the basis of single factor experiments, the response surface methodology was used to optimize the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of crude polysaccharides from Syzygium jambos. The crude polysaccharide was purified by using the activated carbon method, Sevage method and the DEAE-52 column chromatography. ABTS free radical scavenging ability, DPPH free radical scavenging ability and iron reducing ability were used to determine the antioxidant activity. The results showed that the optimal extraction condition of the polysaccharide from Syzygium jambos fruit was ultrasonic time 58 min, ultrasonic temperature 77 ℃, and solid-liquid ratio 1∶50. Under this condition, the crude polysaccharide yield was （5.46±0.02）%. The pure polysaccharide SJP-Ⅰ and SJP-Ⅱ were purified from the crude polysaccharide, and both SJP-Ⅰ and SJP-Ⅱ had antioxidant capacity. SJP-Ⅱ had better antioxidant activity than SJP-Ⅰ, and its ABTS free radical scavenging rate was （0.30±0.01） mg/mL, DPPH free radical scavenging rate was （0.68±0.03） mg/mL, iron reducing ability was （166.41±0.15） μmol VitC/g. The extraction and purification technology was simple and stable, and the pure polysaccharide from Syzygium jambos fruit had certain antioxidant capacity, which provided a theoretical basis for the rational development and comprehensive utilization of Syzygium jambos fruit.

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CeO₂@TiO₂ enrichment XRF method for rapid detection of multiple elements in drinking water

GUO Ya-qing, ZHOU Tao-hong, HU Jia-yong, HUANG Hui, JI Wei-hao, PENG Qing-zhi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 126-132. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.022

Abstract （70）

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CeO₂ was synthesized using sodium hydroxide particles and cerium nitrate hexahydrate crystals, followed by reaction with tetrabutyl titanate and calcination for the preparation of CeO₂@TiO₂ compound material. Enrichment, elution and XRF rapid detection of Pb, As, Cd, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Sr elements in drinking water were performed. The results indicated that CeO₂@TiO₂ compound material could simultaneously enrich Pb, As, Cd, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn and Sr elements in drinking water, with an optimal adsorption pH of 6~8 and an optimal adsorption time of 5 minutes;using 2% nitric acid or 1% sodium hydroxide as eluent, the elution rates of each element reached their maximum values after 10 minutes of elution;under optimal adsorption conditions,when the addition amount of each element was 20 μg, the adsorption rate of the CeO₂@TiO₂ composite material for each element was relatively high, all exceeding 90%. CeO₂@TiO₂ compound material had certain renewable properties and could be recycled at least 6 times;when the enrichment factor was 10 times, the detection limits of Pb, As, Cd, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn and Sr elements were 6.0, 5.6, 2.7, 30.9, 15.4, 14.7, 15.2, and 4.8 μg/L, respectively. The relative standard deviations （RSD） of Pb, As, Cd, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Sr elements were 2.02%~5.46%. This method could be used for rapid on-site detection of Pb, As, Cd, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn and Sr elements in drinking water.

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GC-MS analysis of differences in volatile oil components of three traditional Chinese medicines in Alpinia

CHEN Zhi-lan, NIU Xin-mai, XIE Xu-ge, HUANG Shao-min, GAN Jiao-jiao, CHEN Mei-an, QIN Hua-zhen

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 133-149. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.023

Abstract （72）

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Using ultrasound assisted solvent method and reflux method, the chemical components of volatile oils from three traditional Chinese medicines of Alpinia （Gaoliangjiang, Dagaoliangjiang, and Hongdoukou） were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. The relative content of each component was calculated by peak area normalization, and principal component analysis （PCA） and cluster analysis were performed using Simca 14.1 and SPSS 26.0 software, respectively. The results showed that 134, 130, and 171 components were identified in Gaoliangjiang, Dagaoliangjiang, and Hongdoukou, respectively;there were a total of 24 components in the volatile oils of three traditional Chinese medicines in Alpinia. The three traditional Chinese medicines of Alpinia were mainly composed of terpenes, fatty hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, oxygen-containing compounds, phenylpropanoids, etc. （S） 4- （1-Acetylally） phenyl acetate （N31）, 1H-Imidazole, 4,5-dihydro-2- （phenylmethyl） - （N56）, and 3-Heptanone, 5-hydroxy-1,7-diphenyl - （N100） were chemical markers of the volatile oils in three traditional Chinese medicines of Alpinia. The common components of Gaoliangjiang, Dagaoliangjiang, and Hongdoukou were 27, 3, and 24, respectively, accounting for 20.15%, 2.31%, and 14.04%, respectively. Through the analysis of the main components, common components, and unique components of the volatile oils from three traditional Chinese medicines of Alpinia, it was shown that the material basis of Chinese medicines with similar genetic relationships was correlated.

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Design and testing of the peel off device for the elastic tooth chain rake residual film recycling machine

HE Yu-ze, WANG Min, CAO Si-lin, YING Yu-kun, LU Yong-tao, WANG Ji-liang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 150-153. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.024

Abstract （74）

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In response to the problems of incomplete film removal and low reliability in the elastic tooth chain rake residual film recycling machine, a fixed scraper type peel off device was designed, and its key components were designed and analyzed. To verify the operational performance of the peel off device, an L₉（3⁴） orthogonal experiment was conducted with the driving speed of the machine （A）, the length of the spring teeth （B）, and the angle between the spring teeth and the delamination plate （C） as experimental factors, and the delamination rate as the experimental indicator. The results showed that the delamination rate of the elastic tooth chain rake residual film recycling machine was 92.5% to 95.7%;the range analysis showed that the influence magnitude of each factor was A>C>B. The optimal experimental condition combination for the delamination rate was A₂B₁C₂, which meant that the machine’s driving speed was 8 km/h, the length of the spring teeth was 160 cm, and the angle between the spring teeth and the delamination plate was 50°. Validation tests were conducted on the optimal combination （A₂B₁C₂） for 5 times, with an average delamination rate of 95.16%, meeting the operational requirements of the the elastic tooth chain rake residual film recycling machine.

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Design and implementation of smart agriculture management system based on B/S architecture

FU Shi-jun, LU Song-yan, LI Meng, HE Zhen, YUAN Jia-yang, BI Chun-lan, LIU Li

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 154-161. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.025

Abstract （77）

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Agricultural big data from weather, microclimate and soil, and the agricultural knowledge database summarized by experts were utilized. The B/S architecture and the MVC pattern of front-end and back-end separation were adopted. Based on the front-end and back-end framework and layered architecture pattern of SpringBoot+MybatisPlus+VUE, front-end technologies such as HTML5, CSS3, JavaScript, AJAX, ECharts, and cloud storage OSS were used. Results showed that the intelligent agriculture management system with “high cohesion and low coupling” has been successfully constructed. It could effectively improve agricultural labor productivity, promote the utilization efficiency of cultivated land resources, and help the revitalization of China’s rural economy at the present stage.

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Performance analysis of insulation blanket application based on machine learning

ZHU Yin-bin, LUO Qian-liang, LEI Xi-hong, NIU Man-li, WANG Ping-zhi, CHENG Jie-yu, ZHAO Shu-mei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 162-167. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.026

Abstract （69）

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To satisfy the nighttime insulation needs of prefabricated greenhouses and to develop novel insulation materials, the use of machine learning for evaluating greenhouse environments was investigated and the insulation efficacy of two new types of blankets was compared, one with camel hair and the other with rubber-plastic board as the core material. The findings indicated that both the Gaussian process regression and neural network algorithm held promise for predicting greenhouse temperatures. Compared to the camel hair blanket, the rubber-plastic insulation blanket increased the average night-time inner film surface temperature by 0.8 ℃ and the average minimum night-time temperature by 0.6 ℃. For the rubber-plastic board material, it was necessary to implement measures to mitigate wind resistance in greenhouses to guarantee the insulation’s effectiveness.

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Analysis of systemic development in the genus Alangium chinense and its related genera plants based on chloroplast genome

YANG Yu-xia, LI Jing-ting, LI Ying, SU Chen, YAN Rui, WEI Ze-chang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 168-173. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.027

Abstract （71）

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In order to clarify the structural characteristics and phylogenetic relationships of the chloroplast genome of Alangium chinense （Lour.） Harms, Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology was used to sequence the chloroplast genome of Alangium chinense, followed by assembly, annotation, and structural analysis. Using mVISTA and Geneous software, homologous alignment and collinearity analysis were performed on the chloroplast genome of Alangium chinense, Alangium kurzii Craib, Alangium alpinum, Alangium chinense MG524996, and Alangium chinense NC044840. A plant phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA 11 software. The results showed that the complete chloroplast genome of Alangium chinense was 156 672 bp in length, with a double-stranded circular structure and a GC proportion of 37.69%;the chloroplast genome consists of 130 coding genes, including 81 protein coding genes （PCGs）, 38 tRNA transport genes, 8 rRNA genes, and 3 pseudogenes, accounting for 62.31%, 29.23%, 6.15%, and 2.31% of the chloroplast genome sequence, respectively. Through homology comparison and collinearity analysis, it was found that the chloroplast genome of five plants （Alangium chinense and four other plants in the Alangium chinense genus） exhibited high similarity and collinearity.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Alangium chinense was most closely related Alangium alpinum, suggesting their collinearity in evolution. It was speculated that Alangium chinense was a new subspecies.

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Research progress on environmental DNA metabarcoding database of fishery biology

YANG Yan, LAN Yi, LIU Jia-min, WANG Qian

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 174-180. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.028

Abstract （86）

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The use of metabarcoding technology could identify DNA species information in the environment, thereby achieving the classification monitoring of biological communities and rapid assessment of biodiversity. This method was widely used in the field of fisheries biology research. With the help of a large amount of DNA barcode data materials, databases could store and organize them according to certain standards, integrate multiple databases to form a shared platform, and achieve data sharing and exchange. The construction of a DNA metabarcoding database for fishery biological environment could provide basic data and scientific basis for the research and development of fishery biology. This article reviewed the research progress of environmental DNA metabarcoding databases for fish, phytoplankton, and benthic animals, and prospected the application of this method in the field of fisheries biology research.

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Study on polyphenol oxidase gene editing of tobacco varieties Zunyan 6 and K326

WANG Jun, SUN Xiao-qiong, PAN Deng-hua, YANG An-hua, XU De-ze, YIN De-suo

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 181-185. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.029

Abstract （71）

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Using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology, the polyphenol oxidase （PPO） family gene member LOC107810501 of tobacco（Nicotiana tabacum L.） varieties Zunyan 6 and K326 was targeted and knocked out. The results showed that after knocking out the LOC107810501 gene, no expression of this gene was detected in the positive edited plants of tobacco. At the same time, the relative expression levels of LOC107821546, LOC107786520,LOC107773093, LOC107787563, and LOC107805360 genes were significantly reduced. The study obtained T₀ mutant plants of tobacco with low PPO activity, and T₁ generation sequencing confirmed that the mutant trait could be stably inherited.

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Research on regional differences and obstacle factors of agricultural green development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

WANG Dan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 186-192. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.030

Abstract （68）

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The provincial panel data from 2012 to 2021 was used to construct an evaluation index system for agricultural green development from four dimensions： resource conservation, environmental friendliness, output efficiency, and living security. The entropy method was used to measure the level of agricultural green development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the regional differences were further analyzed, and the obstacle factor model was used to diagnose and explore its limiting factors. The results showed that from 2012 to 2021, the overall level of agricultural green development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt showed an upward trend; the lower reaches of the Yangtze River had better development in terms of resource conservation, output efficiency, and living security, while the upper reaches had better development in terms of environmental friendliness; the difference in the level of agricultural green development among provinces （cities） in the Yangtze River Economic Belt was gradually decreasing. The obstacle factors for the green development of agriculture in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2012 to 2021 had been constantly changing, and the obstacle levels in each dimension from high to low were as follows： living security>output efficiency>resource conservation>environmental friendliness. According to the results of the indicator layer, there were seven main obstacles that restricted the improvement of agricultural green development level in each province （city） in the basin,they were the proportion of water-saving irrigation area, agricultural machinery efficiency level, fertilizer use intensity, labor productivity, land output rate, per capita disposable income of rural residents, and rural medical security. Based on this, policy recommendations of improving top-level design, enhancing the efficiency level of agricultural machinery, and enhancing resource utilization efficiency were proposed, in order to provide suggestions for the green development of agriculture in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.

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Connotation, extension and characteristics of national agricultural science and technology modernization pioneer county

WENG Li-sheng, WANG Yu-tao, ZHU Li-qun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 193-198. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.031

Abstract （75）

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Combined with the content of relevant policies, the connotation, extension and characteristics of national agricultural science and technology modernization pioneer county were explored. The research believed that pioneer county was an important initiative to promote the modernization of agricultural science and technology, rural revitalization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas. It could set an example for the modernization of agricultural science and technology in the whole country through the concerted efforts of co-construction units and the implementation of a series of key tasks,with six characteristics, including the specialization of leading industries, the modernization of industrial chain, the standardization of agricultural production, the mechanization of material and equipment, the greening of agriculture and rural areas, and the specialization of human resources. On this basis, the scientific issues that could be further explored in the future were put forward, in order to provide strong scientific and technological support for accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, and provide reference for the formulation of county policy and the implementation of decision making.

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Construction and analysis of comprehensive evaluation index system of agricultural mechanization in Xinjiang

ZHANG Ruo-wei, CHEN Yu-lan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 199-206. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.032

Abstract （73）

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By describing the development status of agricultural mechanization in Xinjiang and combing related literature, based on relevant statistics data and policy documents in Xinjiang, the agricultural mechanization comprehensive evaluation index system in Xinjiang was built, and the evaluation model was used to evaluate and analyze the level of agricultural mechanization in Xinjiang from 2010 to 2020. The results showed that the level of agricultural mechanization in Xinjiang had entered the stage of transformation and upgrading and the improvement of the whole mechanization level. Finally, some countermeasures and suggestions of optimizing the spatial layout of agricultural machinery, strengthening the deep integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, and accelerating the transformation and upgrading of agricultural machinery and equipment were put forward.

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The relationship between the economic income of farmers and the “non-food” transformation of cultivated land in the eastern regions of China

XU Wen-jie, LIU Zhao-pu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 207-211. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.033

Abstract （73）

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Using data from the 2005—2015 National Rural Fixed Observation Point Survey, a vector autoregressive model was developed for eastern China to explore the dynamic relationship between the share of farm household income from cash crop cultivation in total cultivation income and the use of arable land for non-food crop cultivation by farm households. The results showed that farmers’ income in the eastern region was less dependent on the “non-food” use of arable land; solving the problem of “non-food” use of arable land would not unduly affect farmers’ economic income; the cultivation of cash crops by farmers in the eastern region could contribute to the growth of their income to a certain extent. Therefore, it was necessary to combine national food security with the vision of increasing farmers’ incomes, and to formulate policy guidelines that were tailored to the situation in the eastern region, so as to empower agricultural and rural development.

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Regional differences and dynamic evolution of the level of urban-rural integration development in China

ZHANG Jin-rui, WANG Chun-hui, LIU Zhong-yu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 212-219. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.034

Abstract （65）

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Based on the three dimensions of economic integration, life integration and social integration, the evaluation system of urban-rural integration development level in China was constructed, and the regional differences and dynamic evolution characteristics of urban-rural integration development level in China were studied by entropy weight method, Dagum Gini coefficient and Kernel density estimation method. The results showed that , on the whole, the level of urban-rural integration development in China was gradually improved, and the process of economic integration in southern and northern regions was faster than the process of social and life integration, and there were characteristics of growth and decline among different echelons. No matter between the provinces of China, or within and between the southern and northern regions, the difference between urban-rural integration development came more from the difference of supernet value and density between regions, among which the overlapping problem between different regions was the main reason for the unbalanced integration level. There was polarization in the urban-rural integrated development level in all regions of China, and the north was stronger than that in the south, showing the characteristics of “high-high” and “low-low” agglomeration.

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The coupling development of green finance and low-carbon agriculture in Guangdong Province

KE Jun, WANG Zhi-qiang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 220-226. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.035

Abstract （74）

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By constructing the comprehensive evaluation index system of green finance and low-carbon agriculture, the comprehensive level of green finance and low-carbon agriculture in Guangdong Province was respectively calculated, and the law of coupling coordinated development between them was deduced. The results showed that from 2010 to 2020, the two systems of green finance and low-carbon agriculture in Guangdong Province had been in a good coupling state, and their coupling coordination degree had experienced two stages of coordination transition and coupling coordination. It was suggested to strengthen top-down design and planning, build a standard system of green finance to support low-carbon agriculture, strengthen green finance innovation, enrich low-carbon agricultural financial products, highlight the focus of green financial services, improve capital allocation efficiency, improve farmers’ low-carbon awareness and financial awareness, and promote the benign coordinated development of green finance and low-carbon agriculture.

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Research on conduction mechanism of energy price to grain production factor cost and grain price

YUAN Shi-yi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 227-233. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.036

Abstract （67）

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With the drastic fluctuation of international energy prices, the risk of grain production in China is also increasing. Analyzing the conduction mechanism of domestic and foreign energy prices to the main factors of grain production in China is conducive to discriminating grain price fluctuations and identifying risks as soon as possible. The energy and food prices from January 2014 to March 2022 were empirically analyzed through VAR model. The results showed that the input of energy factors led to the increase of grain production factors, and the higher the importance of the input factors, the higher the conductivity. The coal price affected the wheat price by affecting the gasoline price and the diesel price, and the impact on the wheat price was positive, the impact on the soybean price was negative; crude oil price affected soybean price by influencing gasoline price, and the impact on soybean was positive, and the impact on wheat price was negative. The pulse of crude oil on wheat, rice and soybean was not obvious, but the pulse of nitrogen fertilizer on wheat, rice and soybean was obvious. When the importance of an input factor in grain production was higher, its conductivity to grain production price was higher; when the importance of an input factor in grain production was low, its conductivity to grain production price was low; with the increasing substitutability of input factors, their conductivity would be weakened gradually.

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Evaluation of the coordinated development degree of water resources-energy-food in Taihu Lake Basin

GU Wang-jing, WU Zhao-dan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 234-240. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.037

Abstract （66）

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In order to study the coordinated development of the water resources-energy-food nexus （WEFN） in the river basin and promote its sustainable utilization, the evaluation index system of regional water resources-energy-food nexus coordinated development from three aspects of water resources, energy and food based on the relationship between them was constructed. Based on the improved distance coordinated degree model combined with TOPSIS and gray relational theory, a comprehensive coordinated development model based on the link between water resources, energy and food was proposed. Taking Taihu Lake Basin as an example to calculate the development degree and coordinated degree of the subsystems from 2007 to 2019, its coordinated development status and the coordinated development degree of WEFN were evaluated. The results showed that the coordinated development degree of WEFN in Taihu Lake Basin was in the medium development stage, and there was a trend from medium to good development stage, showing a fluctuating rise. There was a gap in the development degree, coordinated degree and coordinated development degree of water resources, energy and food subsystems in the Taihu Lake Basin, but it was basically in the medium and good stage. Among them, the degree of coordinated development of water resources subsystem was relatively high, and the coordinated degree of energy to water resources and food was the main factor affecting the coordinated development degree of the river basin. The low coordinated degree between subsystems was the reason for the weak coordinated development degree of WEFN. The breakthrough should be to improve the utilization efficiency of energy in water resources and food-related industries and optimize the structure of energy consumption to promote the coordinated development of water resources, energy and food systems.

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Exploring the synergistic model of cooperation between government and social organizations in watershed environmental governance： Based on SWOT analysis

WU Yi-ting

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 241-246. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.038

Abstract （68）

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Starting from the perspective of government transformation and innovation of government-society relationship, the SWOT analysis method was used to analyze the internal advantages, internal disadvantages, external opportunities and external threats of the three typical cooperation modes, namely, market-based cooperation, socialized cooperation, and public participation cooperation, in watershed environmental governance, and based on the SWOT analysis matrix, it explicitly proposed operational strategies such as promoting the formation of a seller’s market for watershed environmental governance services, building a “dual river chief system” action network, and empowering social organizations to act as aggregators and promoters of public welfare cooperation. These strategies aimed to construct an efficiency-enhancing model for government-society cooperation in watershed environmental governance, thereby achieving sustainable development through collaborative governance.

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Effect analysis of rural public goods supply in promoting urban-rural integration

ZHOU Run-xiang, HE Shou-kui

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 247-252. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.039

Abstract （68）

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The impact of rural public goods supply on urban-rural integration development was studied in order to optimize public goods supply policy and path. Using the global principal component analysis method, the urban-rural integration development level index from 2004 to 2020 was measured, and the effect of rural public goods supply such as education and medical care on the urban-rural integration development level was studied through the fixed effect model. The results indicated that the regional differences in the level of urban-rural integration development were obvious. The level of urban-rural integration development in the eastern region was higher than the national level, and the central and western regions were lower than the national average; the supply of rural public goods was positively correlated with the level of urban-rural integration, but the improvement rate of urban-rural integration in the central region was higher than that in the eastern region; the level of population urbanization and fiscal decentralization would promote the development of urban-rural integration, and the level of foreign investment would inhibit the development of urban-rural integration. It put forward suggestions on further strengthening the central and western rural public goods supply, improving the new urbanization related facilities and policies, and continuously increasing the financial investment in rural public goods supply.

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Research on the protection and development of traditional villages in Dahuang Village, Meizhou City based on the perspective of industrial revitalization

ZHAO Yi-hang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (1): 253-257. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.01.040

Abstract （76）

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How to make rational use of traditional village resources to develop characteristic industries and activate the use of rural areas is the main problem that traditional villages are facing. Taking Dahuang Village in Meixian District, Meizhou City, Guangdong Province as a case study, the village’s resource advantages and the challenges faced during its development were analyzed. Combining these insights with the pathways for village revitalization, corresponding development strategies from the perspective of industrial revitalization were outlined. In tourism, the strategy involved enhancing the overall village appearance, reasonably planning spatial land use, improving tourism infrastructure, and developing comprehensive rural tourism; in the pomelo industry, the strategy focused on leveraging location advantages, strengthening village-enterprise cooperation, expanding the industrial chain, and positioning the village as a pomelo distribution center; in the optoelectronic industry, the strategy advocated using building rooftops for photovoltaic development, integrating agriculture with new energy industries. The industrial system of Dahuang Village was summarized, which centered on tourism as a unique development focus, pomelo as the core industry, and photovoltaic power generation as a helpful auxiliary sector. This successful model of the village, where industries and village development mutually supported and enhanced each other, demonstrated a comprehensive approach to industrial revitalization and the activation of traditional villages. It is hoped that this model will serve as a valuable reference for the protection and development of other traditional villages in Meixian District.

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Correlation between water requirement of winter wheat and meteorological factors in Shanxi Province

HOU Yang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 1-5. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.001

Abstract （145）

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To provide scientific guidance for winter wheat irrigation, the inter-annual variations of water requirement, water deficit and water profit and loss index of winter wheat in Shanxi Province were comprehensively analyzed, and the correlation between water requirement of winter wheat and various meteorological factors in Shanxi Province was analyzed by the improved grey correlation analysis method. The results showed that from 1973 to 2020, the water requirement for winter wheat in Shanxi Province was 460.25~600.76 mm, the water deficit was 247.59~493.41 mm, and the water profit and loss index was 0.53~0.89. The maximum air temperature, water surface evaporation and sunshine duration ranked the top three in the correlation with winter wheat water demand in the central region, with correlation degrees of 0.907, 0.874 and 0.861, respectively. The maximum air temperature, sunshine duration and wind speed ranked the top three in the correlation with winter wheat water demand in the southern region, with correlation degrees of 0.889, 0.873 and 0.864, respectively. The water surface evaporation, precipitation and sunshine duration ranked the top three in the correlation with winter wheat water demand across the entire region, with correlation degrees of 0.892, 0.887 and 0.851, respectively. These three factors had the most significant impact on the water demand of winter wheat.

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Effects of different cultivation measures on the structure and function of fungal and bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil of cigar tobacco

SHEN Jun-ru, HE Guo-you, TANG Xu-bing, REN Long-hui, FANG Bao, ZHEN An-zhong, KONG Chui-si

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 6-12. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.002

Abstract （120）

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Using high-throughput sequencing technology, the changes of fungal and bacterial communities at the phylum and genus level in the rhizosphere soil under different cultivation methods of cigar tobacco were studied, the effects of cultivation methods on the structural diversity of fungal and bacterial communities were discussed, and functional gene pre-analysis was carried out. The results showed that the richness and diversity of fungal community in rhizosphere soil were significantly decreased under different cultivation patterns compared with the conventional cultivation （CK）, and the difference of the former was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Cultivation measures did not change the main composition of fungi and bacteria at phylum level, but could significantly recruit beneficial bacteria in the rhizosphere soil. The dominant fungal phyla in the rhizosphere soil were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, and the dominant fungal genera were Fusarium, Alternaria and Penicillium. The dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria and Actinobacteriota （except CK）, but the dominant bacterial genera varied under different treatments. The effect of Trichoderma asperellum or bio-carbon organic fertilizer on rhizosphere fungi and bacteria communities was more obvious.

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Effect of biochar particle size on photocatalytic degradation of endogenous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

GE Yun-yu, SHEN Xiu-li, MENG Hai-bo, FENG Jing, CONG Hong-bin, WEN Feng-rui, ZHANG Wen-jing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 13-20. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.003

Abstract （103）

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To explore and optimize the technology and process of photolytic removal of endogenous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） in biochar, this study focused on corn stover biochar. Biochar with different particle sizes （>1.0 mm, 0.5~1.0 mm, 0.001~0.5 mm） was prepared, and TiO₂-photocatalytic degradation experiments were conducted to systematically analyze the characteristics of the biochar and the efficacy of degrading and removing endogenous PAHs with different particle sizes. The results showed that the endogenous PAHs content in corn stover biochar was 76.1 mg/kg, predominantly comprising 4-ring and 5-ring PAHs, significantly exceeding the limit value for basic biochar PAHs （20 mg/kg） set by the International Biochar Initiative （IBI）. TiO₂-photocatalysis could significantly reduce the content of endogenous PAHs in biochar. After photocatalytic degradation, the endogenous PAHs content in the three particle sizes of biochar ranged from 3.3 to 14.9 mg/kg, with degradation rates for total PAHs ranging from 55.2% to 95.6%. The maximum degradation rate for high-ring PAHs reached 97.1%, while low-ring PAHs reached 62.0%. The 0.001~0.5 mm particle size biochar exhibited the highest degradation rate of 95.6% after 40 minutes of light exposure, and the toxicity equivalent value decreased from 9.096 mg/kg to 0.088 mg/kg, significantly below the thresholds set by the European Biochar Certification（4 mg/kg） and the International Biochar Initiative（6 mg/kg）. The study demonstrated that TiO₂-photocatalysis effectively degraded endogenous PAHs in biochar of different particle sizes, ensuring the safety of biochar and its products for application in agricultural fields.

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Synergistic effect of surface activity of the combined system containing tea saponin and rhamnolipid

HUANG Qing-qing, PAN Feng-ran, LIAO Yan-ke, HUANG Yi-lan, CHEN Chao-heng, YANG Tian-yun, , YUAN Jing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 21-26. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.004

Abstract （103）

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To develop a safe, environmentally friendly and commercially applicable surfactant compound system, this experiment combined tea saponin and rhamnolipid. The surface activity of the compound system of tea saponin and rhamnolipid was analyzed, and the synergistic effect and stability of the compound system of tea saponin and rhamnolipid was studied. The results showed that the foam height, detergency, wetting power and emulsifying power of the compound system of tea saponin and rhamnolipid were increased by 14.97%, 13.95%, 69.42% and 14.36% respectively compared with tea saponin, indicating that the compound system of tea saponin and rhamnolipid had a significant synergistic effect. In addition, the compound system had higher resistance to heat and salt compared with tea saponin.

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Construction of evaluation system and classification of unstable farmland in arid area of Bachu County

SUN Ting-ting, YANG Zhi-ying, LUO Hao, JIA Hong-tao, SHAN Na-na

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 27-36. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.005

Abstract （81）

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Bachu County was taken as the case area. Based on relevant criteria such as cultivated land reserve resource evaluation, quality evaluation of newly added cultivated land and high standard farmland, an index system of unstable cultivated land evaluation was constructed by following the principles of comprehensiveness, hierarchy, representativeness and accessibility. The types of unstable cultivated land were divided by spatial overlay analysis of ArcGIS10.8 software. The results showed that the unstable cultivated land in Bachu County was mainly affected by 13 factors in three aspects of ecological security, production suitability and socio-economic feasibility. The unstable cultivated land in Bachu County was 34 827.64 hm², accounting for 24.15% of the cultivated land area, which was concentrated in the southwest and central part of Bachu County. Unstable cultivated land in Bachu County was divided into production unstable type, ecological unstable type, social and economic unstable type and mixed unstable type, accounting for 1.50%, 81.70%, 14.82% and 1.98% of the total area of unstable cultivated land, respectively. Bachu County had a large area of unstable cultivated land, which was mainly affected by salinization and desertification. The stability of cultivated land could be enhanced by improving irrigation and drainage system and farmland infrastructure, and strengthening the construction of shelter forest and high standard farmland.

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Coupling coordination between urbanization and land use efficiency in Kashgar Region

Nuerbiyaguli Abulizi, ZHANG Yong-fu, Meiheriayi Moyiding

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 37-42. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.006

Abstract （83）

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Taking Kashgar Region as the research area, the coupling degree and coupling coordination degree of urbanization and land use efficiency in 2010,2015 and 2019 were studied by the entropy method. The results showed that there were obvious spatial differences in the coupling coordination degree between urbanization and land use efficiency in Kashgar Region, but there was an overall growth trend. In 2015, the coupling coordination type of urbanization and land use efficiency in three counties in Kashgar Region fell back, which reflected the transition of urbanization development to a certain extent. In 2019, there were 8 counties on the verge of imbalance between urbanization and land use efficiency. It could be seen that there was still much room for improvement in the overall level of urbanization development and land use efficiency in Kashgar Region.

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The spatio-temporal evolution and driving factors of land ecological vulnerability in oasis of Ta’e Basin in arid area： A case study of Tacheng City, Xinjiang

SHI Ke-zhen, LIU Zhi-you

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 43-50. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.007

Abstract （88）

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Taking Tacheng City of Xinjiang as an example, the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and driving factors of land ecological fragile areas were studied based on the landscape ecological vulnerability assessment method and geographically weighted regression model. The results showed that, from 2010 to 2020, the proportion of low vulnerability areas and relatively low vulnerability areas in Tacheng City decreased by 4.21 percentage points, the proportion of moderate vulnerability area and high vulnerability area increased by 4.45 percentage points, and the area of relatively high vulnerability areas increased first and then decreased, with an overall decrease of 0.24 percentage points. The spatial variation of land ecological vulnerability in Tacheng City from 2010 to 2020 included five trends, namely, the low vulnerability areas were mainly transformed into relatively low vulnerability areas, the relatively low vulnerability areas were transformed into moderate vulnerability areas, the moderate vulnerable areas were transformed into relatively high vulnerable areas, the relatively high vulnerable areas were transformed into the high vulnerable areas, and the relatively high vulnerable areas were transformed into moderate vulnerable areas. The six indexes of the distance from the main road, the distance from the urban built-up area, the population density, the distance from the water area, the vegetation coverage and the elevation were significantly correlated with the land ecological vulnerability. The distance from the main road was positively correlated with land ecological vulnerability. The distance from the water area, the vegetation coverage and the population density were negatively correlated with vulnerability. The distance from the urban built-up area and elevation were positively or negatively correlated with land ecological vulnerability.

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Analysis and forecast of coupling coordinated development of population-land-economy urbanization in Changji Prefecture

CHAI Jing, SU Xiang-hui, MA Ying, YANG Kai-dong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 51-57. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.008

Abstract （85）

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Based on the panel data from 2012 to 2021, the comprehensive evaluation index system of population-land-economy urbanization system was constructed. The entropy method, coupling coordination model and GM（1,1） grey model were selected to calculate and analyze the comprehensive development level and coupling coordination development of population-land-economy urbanization, and predict the coupling coordination of population-land-economy urbanization from 2022 to 2024. The results showed that the development level of population-land-economy urbanization and its subsystems showed a fluctuating upward trend from 2012 to 2021, among which the development speed of land urbanization subsystem was the fastest. The coupling level of population-land-economy urbanization system was high, and the coupling degree was 0.816~0.964 in the research period. The coupling coordinated development level of population-land-economy urbanization was also developed from the primary coordination in 2012 to the good coordination in 2021. From 2022 to 2024, the coupling coordination degree of population-land-economy urbanization system would continue to rise, and it would be expected to achieve high-quality coordination in 2023. Although the coupling coordination of population-land-economy urbanization in Changji Prefecture was well, when it would come to higher-quality development, the existing problems such as inefficient land use, insufficient development power, industrial imbalance, and insufficient attention to human urbanization still existed. It was suggested to promote the reform of land and household registration system, improve the investment and financing system for new urbanization construction, upgrade the industrial structure, build a complementary system of urbanization functions, and strengthen the coordinated development of the system.

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Effects of chemical fertilizer reduction on the economic traits of garlic and soil nutrients in flue-cured tobacco-garlic rotation

LI Jun-ying, ZHOU Min, ZHOU Shao-song, DENG Xiao-peng, ZOU Bing-li, ZHANG Zhong-wu, ZHANG Hong, ZHANG Liu-chen, SUN Jun-wei, SHAN Shuang-lyu, YANG Jing-hua

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 58-63. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.009

Abstract （90）

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In order to identify the optimal fertilization amount for garlic （Allium sativum L.） that does not affect garlic yield, has a small impact on tobacco quality, and is environmentally friendly, a field plot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different fertilization rates on the economic traits of garlic and soil nutrients in flue-cured tobacco-garlic rotation, with a reduction of 20%, 40% and 60% on the basis of garlic farmers’ habitual fertilization rates. The results showed that the economic traits of garlic bolt were the best when the fertilizer application rate was reduced by 60%, the economic traits of bulb were the best when the fertilizer application rate was reduced by 40%, and the total output value of garlic was the best when the fertilizer application rate was reduced by 40%. Considering the risk of non-point source pollution of nitrogen and phosphorus, the loss amount and loss rate of nitrogen and phosphorus were significantly reduced under the treatment of 60% reduction of fertilizer application （P<0.05）, but the yield and total output value of garlic bulbs were not significantly reduced under this treatment （P<0.05）, which was the optimal garlic fertilization treatment. Because the contradiction in nitrogen fertilizer management under garlic and flue-cured tobacco rotation could not be resolved, garlic was not suitable as a pre-crop for flue-cured tobacco.

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The simulation effect and verification analysis of ORYZA（V3） model on the parameters of double-cropping rice in the Pearl River Delta Region

YE Shu-chun, WANG Guang-lun, ZHONG Long, ZENG Fan-wei, CHEN Yuan-zhe, KONG Zheng-yuan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 64-68. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.010

Abstract （74）

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Taking the Pearl River Delta Region as the research area, based on the growth and development observation data of double-cropping rice at different sowing dates, as well as local meteorological and soil data from 2018 to 2020, the ORYZA（V3） model was calibrated using data from 2018 to 2019 to adjust and determine the basic parameters of the crop. The ORYZA（V3） model was validated using the growth duration, leaf area index and biomass of double-cropping rice in 2020. The results showed that the ORYZA（V3） model accurately simulated the growth duration of double-cropping rice in the Pearl River Delta, with deviations ranging from 0 to 3 days compared to observed values. The simulated dynamic changes in leaf area index （LAI） for both early and late-season rice in 2020 closely matched the observed values. The average linear regression coefficients （α values） of the simulated LAI were close to 1, accompanied by R² values of 0.670 4 and 0.766 0, respectively. The results of t-test indicated no significant difference between the simulated and observed LAI values （P>0.05）. The ORYZA（V3） model had a large error in simulating the biomass of various organs on the ground of rice, but it was still within an acceptable range from a statistical point of view, and the simulation performance was more accurate for late-season rice than early-season rice. The ORYZA（V3） model could accurately simulate rice growth by calibrating the crop parameters, and could be applied to rice production in the Pearl River Delta region.

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Yield performance and economic benefits of facility morel under different fertilization types

DU Can, WANG Feng, LI Ying-tao, WANG Yu-peng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 69-74. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.011

Abstract （83）

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In order to investigate the effects of different fertilization treatments on the yield and economic benefits of morel[Morchella esculenta （L.） Pers.], no fertilization was set as the control group, and humic acid bio organic fertilizer （10 000 kg/hm²）, organic enzyme fertilizer （10 000 kg/hm²）, peat （5 000 kg/hm²）, and plant ash （5 000 kg/hm²） were used as the experimental groups. The yield and morphological characteristics of morel fruiting bodies were measured, and their economic benefits and yield input ratio were calculated. The results showed that the yield （dry weight） of morel fruiting bodies in different fertilization treatments from high to low was peat （1 335.38 kg/hm²）, plant ash （1 170.54 kg/hm²）, control （1 096.03 kg/hm²）, organic enzyme fertilizer （881.62 kg/hm²）, and humic acid bio organic fertilizer （855.49 kg/hm²）. The yield of morel was significantly increased in the treatment of peat and plant ash, and the overall performance of morel in peat treatment was better than that in plant ash treatment. However, the yield of morel decreased instead of increasing in organic enzyme fertilizer and humic acid bio organic fertilizer treatment. Compared with the control treatment, the yield （dry weight） of morel treated with peat increased by 21.84%, the total output value increased by 21.84%, the economic benefits increased by 24.29%, and the production to investment ratio increased by 5.85%. Applying peat was beneficial for increasing the yield and economic benefits of morel.

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The influence of land use structure optimization on carbon storage in Gongyi City

SONG Yan-hua, YANG Jian-bo, WANG Zi-wei, TIAN Yan, YUAN Chen-guang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 75-83. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.012

Abstract （71）

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The optimization model of land use structure in Gongyi City aiming at low carbon emission was established. The effects of land use structure optimization and land use efficiency change on carbon storage in Gongyi City were studied by the scenario simulation method. The results showed that,① from 2011 to 2018, the area of all land use types in Gongyi City showed significant changes, which resulted in significant changes in carbon storage. In 8 years, the carbon storage of cultivated land decreased from 4 122 700 tons to 4 054 100 tons, and that of forest land and grassland also decreased by 46 700 tons and 26 400 tons, respectively. The outflow of cultivated land to construction land resulted in a significant decrease in soil and vegetation carbon stocks, with a range of 77 700 tons and 24 600 tons. It showed that the conversion of cultivated land to construction land not only reduced the carbon storage of vegetation, but also had a greater impact on soil carbon storage. ② After the optimization of land use structure, the total carbon storage of each land use type increased by 641 600 tons compared with the base period. This was an increase of 789 700 tons compared to the natural development in 2030. It showed that the optimization of land use structure could improve the regional total carbon storage when the total land area was fixed. ③ The simulation results of land use efficiency improvement scenario showed that after land use efficiency improvement of cultivated land and forest land, carbon storage of cultivated land increased by 234 000 tons, forest land increased by 1 424 300 tons, and overall carbon storage increased by 1 658 300 tons. Compared with 2030 under the state of natural development, the carbon storage of cultivated land increased by 214 100 tons, the forest land increased by 2 257 200 tons, and the overall carbon storage increased by 2 448 000 tons. It showed that on the basis of the optimization of land use structure, the improvement of land use efficiency could further increase the carbon storage of land use type. It could be seen that the optimization of land use structure and the improvement of land use efficiency could play a positive role in promoting the change of regional carbon stocks.

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Assessment on the coupled coordination of society, agricultural economy, and ecological environment in Hainan Province

TIAN Kun, ZHUANG Ding-yu, BAI Xue-dong, BU Xiang-song

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 84-88. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.013

Abstract （81）

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Taking Hainan Province as the research object, the coupling relationship among regional society, agricultural economy, and ecological environment was analyzed, and constructed an evaluation system for the coupling and coordination of the three systems was constructed. The results indicated that the overall comprehensive development level of the three systems in Hainan Province showed a stable trend from 2013 to 2022, with only the comprehensive development level of the ecological environment subsystem showing a downward trend. From 2013 to 2022, the coupling degree of 18 cities and counties in Hainan Province showed an upward trend;in 2022, the coupling degree between Haikou City and Sanya City exceeded 0.40. Except for Baoting County, Changjiang County, Qionghai City, Lingao County, and Ledong County, whose coupling coordination degree had shown a downward trend in some years, the coupling coordination degree of other cities and counties in Hainan Province had shown an increasing trend year by year. In 2022, Haikou City, Wenchang City, and Sanya City would enter the intermediate coordination stage, while Baisha County, Danzhou City, Changjiang County, Dongfang City, Ledong County, Ding'an County, Qionghai City, Wanning City, and Baoting County belong to the barely coordinated stage. Linggao County, Tunchang County, Chengmai County, Qiongzhong County, Lingshui County, and Wuzhishan City belonged to the primary coordination stage. Although the development of 18 cities and counties in Hainan Province was uneven, overall it was moving towards a healthy direction.

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The inhibitory effects of volatile oil of Sarcandra glabra on the Didymella glomerata of Sophora tonkinensis

QIU Zhuo-qiu, JIANG Ni, ZHAN Xin-jie, SONG Li-sha, LI Lin-xuan, HUANG Qi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 89-93. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.014

Abstract （73）

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The antibacterial activity and mechanism of the volatile oil of Sarcandra glabra （Thunb.） Nakai against Didymella glomerata of Sophora tonkinensis Gagnep. were investigated. The inhibitory effects of Sarcandra glabra oil on the growth of Didymella glomerata were studied by measuring the colony diameter and mycelium weight. The electrical conductivity, soluble protein, reducing sugar and malondialdehyde （MDA） were determined to investigate the action mechanism of Sarcandra glabra oil. The results showed that the volatile oil of Sarcandra glabra had significant antibacterial activity against the Didymella glomerata of Sophora tonkinensis, and the EC₅₀ was 271.00 mg/L. The inhibitory effect on mycelial growth was the best when the concentration of volatile oil was 2 000 mg/L and the treatment time was 72 h. The inhibitory rate of colony expansion and mycelial growth were 100% and 95.00%, respectively. The electrical conductivity, soluble protein content and MDA content of the treatment group were significantly higher than those of the control group. The electrical conductivity and soluble protein content of the treatment were 1.54 times and 4.74 times of those the control, respectively when the mass concentration of volatile oil was 2 000 mg/L for 72 h. MDA reached its maximum value at 96 h, which was 3.11 times that of the control. The reducing sugar content in the treatment did not change much, and the reducing sugar content in the control group decreased with the extension of time, and was 53.36% lower than that in the treatment group at 72 h.

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Pathogen identification of stem rot on Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis （Franch.） Hara in Yichang

XU Lan-ting, HUANG Jing-lin, WANG Jing-xu, HUANG Zhi-jun, YANG Zheng-rong, JIA Qie, WANG Peng-cheng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 94-98. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.015

Abstract （82）

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In order to effectively control the rot on the stem of Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis （Franch.） Hara in Yichang City, Hubei Province, the pathogen of the disease was isolated and identified. Using conventional tissue isolation methods, a white filamentous fungal strain causing stem rot on Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis （Franch.） Hara was isolated and named CLY-2. Through microscopic observation, the large conidia of CLY-2 strain were columnar with septa, and the size was （22.0~33.0） μm × （3.1~4.4） μm. The small conidia were kidney shaped or oval-shaped, single-celled, solitary or tandem, with a size of （2.5~8.2） μm × （1.2~3.5） μm. Based on the rDNA-ITS sequence phylogenetic analysis, CLY-2 strain was ultimately identified as Fusarium foetens, a fungus belonging to the genus Fusarium.

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Effects of uniconazole on the regulation of plant type in potted Prunus mume seedlings

LIU Wen-quan, LIN Xin-lian, SONG Yong-qiang, CHEN Rui-zhen, LI Yan-mei, LI Cui-ling

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 99-103. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.016

Abstract （79）

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different concentrations of uniconazole on growth and plant type regulation of potted Prunus mume seedlings, and hence to cultivate more potted Prunus mume products with higher ornamental value. Six cultivars of potted Prunus mume seedlings were selected as the research objects, and three different concentrations of uniconazole were used for foliar spraying treatment, with water treatment as the control. The results were as follows, foliar spraying of 100~300 mg/L uniconazole decreased the growth of plant height and crown width of different cultivars of potted Prunus mume seedlings significantly, and the increase in the concentration of uniconazole could evidently enhance the inhibitory effect. Additionally, at the concentration of 300 mg/L of uniconazole, the growth of plant height and crown width of potted Prunus mume seedlings in six cultivars could be declined by 27.50%~80.05% and 39.45%~83.93%, respectively. Three different concentrations of uniconazole could improve the lateral bud germination in diverse potted Prunus mume seedlings, but inhibit the growth of basal diameter, branch stem thickness, branch length and internode length. Furthermore, the rise in the concentration of uniconazole could shorten the branch length and internode length. In summary, the study results suggest that from the perspective of the overall effect on regulating the plant type of potted Prunus mume seedlings, foliar spraying of 300 mg/L uniconazole was the optimal choice, which could make potted Prunus mume compact and full-crowned, with the best ornamental effect.

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Effects of tending management on species diversity of subforest communities of different types of Pinus massoniana in the Three Gorges Reservoir area： A case study of Zigui County

SHI Lei, WANG Xiao-rong, SHI Yu-hu, PANG Hong-dong, YANG Jia-wei, GU Zhong-chun, FEI Yong-jun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 104-111. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.017

Abstract （69）

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To investigate the effects of different tree species composition configuration and nursery management on the species diversity of plant communities at various levels in the understory of Pinus Massoniana forests, four typical stand types, namely, nurtured P. massoniana + Cunninghamia lanceolata mixed forest （Ⅰ）, nurtured P. massoniana + Camellia oleifera mixed forest （Ⅱ）, unmanaged P. massoniana pure forest （Ⅲ） and unmanaged P. massoniana + C.lanceolata mixed forest （Ⅳ） were selected at Qinglinkou of Zigui County, to comparatively analyse the diversity of species in the shrub layer, herb layer and regeneration layer of P. massoniana forests of different types, as well as the relationship with stand factors. The results showed that, the number of species in the understorey of different types of P. massoniana forests was highest in the shrub layer, and the number of species in each layer of the understorey of the nurtured P. massoniana + Cunninghamia lanceolata mixed forest was the highest. The Margalef’s richness index （DM）, Shannon-Wiener’s diversity index （H）, Simpson’s dominance index （D） and Pielou’s evenness index （E） in the shrub layer of the nurtured P. massoniana + C. oleifera mixed forest were significantly lower than those of other stand types （P < 0.05）; the DM, H and D indices of the herbaceous layer of different types of P. massoniana forests were in the same order of change, with Ⅰ>Ⅳ>Ⅲ>Ⅱ. The DM and D indices of the nurtured P. massoniana + C. lanceolata mixed forest were significantly higher than those of other communities （P < 0.05）; and there was a significant difference in the E index of the regeneration layer among different types （P < 0.05）. Stand density was significantly negatively correlated with DM, H, D and E indices of the shrub layer （P<0.01）; average height below branches was significantly negatively correlated with DM, H, D and E indices of the regeneration layer（P<0.05）. Species composition, maintenance management, stand density and mean understory height all had significant effects on the species diversity of the understory community of Pinus massoniana. It is suggested that in the process of management of P. massoniana forest stands in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, it was necessary to continuously optimise the structure of the forest stands, configure suitable mixed species, strengthen the nurturing management, and reasonably regulate the density of the forest stands, which was conducive to promoting the development of the positive succession of Pinus massoniana plantation forest stands.

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Isolation of endophytic fungi from Pholidota chinensis Lindl. and screening and identification of antibacterial strains

ZHU Hua, WU Wen-yuan, ZHANG Miao, CHEN Long, YANG Li-rong, LIANG Ren-tao, HUANG Shi-ping, WU Huan, SHI Xiao-guang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 112-120. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.018

Abstract （69）

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Endophytic fungi strains with antifungal activity against pathogenic bacterial were isolated from the traditional medicinal plant Pholidota chinensis, and the antifungal activity of the strains was studied. Endophytic fungi of Pholidota chinensis were isolated by tissue block method and fungal inhibition test was carried out by paper method, and the strains with antibacterial activity were screened out. According to their morphological characteristics, the active strains with antibacterial activity were screened for DNA extraction and identification. The results showed that 49 endophytic fungi were isolated from the roots, rhizomes, leaves and pseudobulb of Pholidota chinensis, including 37 endophytic fungi from Hechi City, Guangxi and 12 endophytic fungi from Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province. Endophytic fungi HCY-5, HCY-9, HCY-10 isolated from the leaf tissues of Pholidota chinensis in Hechi City, Guangxi Province, and endophytic fungi FJY-2, FJY-5, FJY-6, FJY-7 isolated from Pholidota chinensis in Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province, showed good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Combined with morphological characteristics, the gene sequences of endophytic fungi strains were introduced into GenBank, and after comparison, the endophytic fungi HCY-5, HCY-9, HCY-10 in Hechi City, Guangxi and FJY-2, FJY-5, FJY-6, FJY-7 in Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province were identified as Pholiosticta, which was supposed to be Pholiosticta capitalensis. Endophytic fungi HCY-5, HCY-9, HCY-10 from Hechi City, Guangxi and endophytic fungi FJY-2, FJY-5, FJY-6 and FJY-7 from Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province had good antibacterial activity.

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The screening and biological characteristics of endophytic fungi from Hedyotis diffusa Willd. against citrus anthracnose pathogen

ZHU Hua, HUANG Shi-ping, HUANG Qing-lin, ZHANG Miao, CHEN Long

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 121-127. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.019

Abstract （75）

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The endophytic fungi of Hedyotis diffusa were isolated by the tissue block isolation method, and the strains with antagonistic activity against the citrus anthracnose pathogen were screened by the plate stand-off method. Finally, the screened antagonistic strains were identified and their molecular biological characteristics were studied. The results showed that the roots had the highest number of endophytic fungi isolated from Hedyotis diffusa, followed by the leaves and the stems had the least. Five of the 19 strains of endophytic fungi isolated from Hedyotis diffusa had a more pronounced inhibitory effect on pathogenic fungi. The BG10 strain was the most effective in antagonising the pathogen. Using molecular biotechnology （ITS）,BG10 was identified as Curvularia, presumably Curvularia lunata. Its optimal medium was Gao’s medium, the best carbon source was glucose and the best nitrogen source was beef paste.

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Effect of ammonium polyphosphate type water-soluble fertilizer on the growth and cultivation soils microorganisms of Panax notoginseng

SHI Yu-bao, DENG Ri-jian, JIANG Li, ZHOU Ya-qin, LIU Ying-ying, CHEN Lu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 128-137. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.020

Abstract （71）

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To safeguard the quality consistency and traceability of Panax notoginseng, while streamlining fertilization practices and enhancing cultivation efficiency, a field plot fertilizer substitution trial was executed. Employing traditional fertilization as the control（CK）, three distinct experimental treatments were crafted utilizing ammonium polyphosphate water-soluble fertilizer （SRF）： Alternative fertilization （T1）, reduced fertilization （T2）, and formula fertilization （T3）. The results showed that under SRF treatment, there were no significant differences in agronomic traits, nitrogen （N）, phosphorus （P）, potassium （K） nutrients, soil organic matter （SOM）, cation exchange capacity （CEC） and other soil physical and chemical properties of Panax Notoginseng compared with CK. Compared with CK, T3 did not change the species diversity and richness of soil bacteria, and did not affect the species richness of soil fungi, but T3 increased the species diversity of soil fungi. Compared with conventional fertilization, ammonium polyphosphate water-soluble fertilizer could not only achieve cost saving and efficiency improvement for the cultivation of Panax notoginseng, but also reduce the harm of fertilization to the soil environment by improving the structure of soil flora, soit could be widely applied.

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Effects of molasses addition and pretreatment on forage quality of rape straw micro-storage

WANG Yan, LIU Heng-heng, WU Yu-peng, LIU Bin, ZHANG Yan-yan, XU Zhi-yu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 138-143. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.021

Abstract （78）

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Effects of molasses addition （0%, 5% and 10%） and pretreatment （high temperature cooking, aerobic pretreatment and high temperature cooking combined with aerobic pretreatment） on forage quality of rape straw micro-storage were analyzed. The results showed that within the high-temperature cooking pretreatment, the CP and WSC content of ensiled rape straw feed increased from 3.55% to 7.07% and 0.56% to 1.23% respectively, with the increase of molasses addition. DM content decreased from 33.02%, and pH declined from 4.44 to 4.08. While ADF and NDF content decreased by 14.16% and 12.16% respectively, with the increase of molasses addition. Within the aerobic pretreatment, the CP and DM contents of ensiled rape straw feed increased slightly with the increase of molasses addition, while pH declinced from 5.38 to 4.02, and WSC, ADF and NDF content decreased by 0.46%, 7.66% and 7.43%, respectively. Within the combination of high temperature cooking and aerobic pretreatment, the CP and WSC contents of ensiled rape straw feed increased from 6.66% to 11.06% and 0.49% to 0.97% respectively, with the increasing of molasses addition. While non-significant change was detected for DM, ADF and NDF contents. Therefore, the addition of molasses could effectively improve the fermentation quality of rape straw micro-storage, no matter what kinds of pretreatment adopted. In addition, the optimal amount of molasses addition was 10% based on the fresh amount of rape straw.

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Protection of Gynostemma pentaphyllum polysaccharide on oxidative damage of ovary in mice under heat stress

CHEN Lei-xiao, HE Huan, OUYANG Lu, MOU Rong-feng, LAI Peng-yu, WANG Xiao-li

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 144-149. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.022

Abstract （69）

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In order to explore the protective effect of different doses of Gynostemmapentaphyllum polysaccharides （GPP） on oxidative damage of ovary in mice caused by heat stress, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）, immunohistochemical techniques and other research methods were used to observe and analyze the body weight and ovarian index, the number of follicles at all levels, the maximum diameter and the thickness of ovarian cortex, various reproductive hormones in ovary, the level of estrogen receptor β expression, antioxidant capacity in blood serum and the apoptosis rate of ovarian granulosa cells. The results showed that compared with group HS, the weight of mice in different doses of GPP was significantly higher （P<0.05）;the number of primordial follicles in group GPP-H was significantly higher （P<0.05）; the number of atretic follicles in groups GPP-L and GPP-H was significantly lower （P<0.05）;the thickness of ovarian cortex, the maximum diameters of primordial follicle, primary follicle and corpus luteum in different doses of GPP were significantly larger （P<0.05）; the secretion of GnRH, E₂ and P₄ in different doses of GPP was significantly higher, the secretion of FSH in group GPP-H was significantly higher （P<0.05）; GSH-Px activity indifferent doses of GPP was significantly higher （P<0.05）, T-SOD activity in group GPP-M was significantly higher （P<0.05）, the content of MDA in different doses of GPP was significantly lower （P<0.05）. In conclusion, GPP could improve the endocrine function of pituitary and ovary, restore and protect the ovarian reserve capacity, enhance the activity of enzyme antioxidant system, and alleviate the oxidative damage of ovary caused by heat stress by exerting the steroid-like effect of ER agonist, in which GPP-H worked most efficiently.

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The anti-aging effect of durian shell extract and its convenient chicken soup production

FAN Li-li, LIN Cui-ying, ZHAN Yuan-fei, CHEN Ying, CHEN Yi-xin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 150-155. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.023

Abstract （74）

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The anti-aging effect of the durian shell was studied by using the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster and gut probiotics experiments, and the optimal production process of convenient durian shell chicken soup was studied through single factor and orthogonal experiments. The results showed that durian shell extract could prolong the life of Drosophila melanogaster and promote the growth and proliferation of intestinal probiotics, indicating that it had anti-aging effects;the best production process of durian shell chicken soup was chicken 100 g, durian shell 14.3 g, ratio of material to water 1∶5, salt addition 0.9%, and cooking time 105 min;the best addition amount of green onion, ginger and cooking wine for the deodorization of the chicken meat was 6%, 12% and 5%, respectively;the best sterilization condition was 100 ℃ for 30 min. The durian shell chicken soup prepared under this condition was light yellow, the chicken meat was moderate in hardness, the taste was mellow, and the aroma was rich.

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Optimization of extraction process and biological activity analysis of total oligosaccharides from Cistanche deserticola

TIAN Zhan-ping, WANG Yu, JI Shu-yi, TAN Jun-jie, YAO Jun, SHEN Jing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 156-161. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.024

Abstract （67）

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The total oligosaccharides from Cistanche deserticola were extracted by ultrasonic-assisted method, and the extraction condition was optimized by single factor and orthogonal test. The structural characteristics of total oligosaccharides of Cistanche deserticola were preliminarily analyzed by infrared spectroscopy. The in vitro hypoglycemic ability and antioxidant activity of total oligosaccharides from Cistanche deserticola were studied by measuring the inhibition ability of α-glucosidase, and the scavenging rate of DPPH, ·OH and ABTS free radicals. The results showed that the optimum extraction condition of total oligosaccharides from Cistanche deserticola was the solid-liquid ratio of 1∶50, ethanol concentration of 40% and ultrasonic time of 32 min. Under this condition, the yield of total oligosaccharides was 17.32%. The infrared spectroscopy showed that there was obvious characteristic absorption of total oligosaccharides, and it was β-pyranose. The results of biological activity showed that the inhibition rate of α-glucosidase was 63.94%, and the scavenging rates of DPPH, ·OH and ABTS free radicals were 85.63%, 60.91% and 82.90%, respectively. This method was helpful to improve the yield of total oligosaccharides from Cistanche deserticola, and these total oligosaccharides had strong antioxidant and hypoglycemic ability in vitro, which could provide reference for related research.

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Development of Qingzhuan tea biscuits

YAO Min-min, ZHANG Rong-xiang, TANG Hai-yan, NI De-jiang, CHEN Yu-qiong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 162-165. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.025

Abstract （75）

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Taking low fluorine Qingzhuan tea as raw material, the influence of different instant powder of Qingzhuan tea, egg liquid, butter and white granulated sugar on the quality of Qingzhuan tea biscuits was studied. The results showed that the best formula of Qingzhuan tea biscuits was flour of 100 g, egg liquid of 50 g, butter of 20 g, white sugar of 25~30 g, and Qingzhuan tea instant powder of 4~6 g. The Qingzhuan tea biscuits processed in this ratio had crisp taste, brown color, strong tea fragrance, and good health care function.

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Determination of organic matter content in soil by electric heating constant temperature digestion potentiometric titration method

HUANG Xiang, WANG Su-ping, ZHANG Gui-you, YANG Shan-shan, DU Lei, JIANG Li, CHEN Gang, HONG Juan, ZHANG Run-hua, RAN Han

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 166-170. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.026

Abstract （76）

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A method for determining soil organic matter content using electric heating constant temperature digestion potentiometric titration was established. The soil sample was weighed and placed in a digestion tube. 10 mL of 0.4 mol/L K₂Cr₂O₇-H₂SO₄ solution was added, and the sample was digested using an electric digestion apparatus at 180 ℃ for 10 minutes. After the digestion solution cooled down, the remaining potassium dichromate was titrated using a fully automatic potentiometric titrator with 0.2 mol/L K₂Cr₂O₇-H₂SO₄ solution. The soil organic matter content was calculated based on the consumption of ferrous sulfate. The results showed that the relative standard deviation （RSD） of organic matter content in five field soil tillage samples ranged from 0.80% to 1.36%;the relative error of organic matter content in 5 soil standard samples[NST-4,GBW07414a（AsA-3a）,GBW07415a（AsA-4a）,GBW07460（AsA-9） and GBW07461（AsA-10）] ranged from 0.97% to 2.39%. The electric heating constant temperature digestion potentiometric titration method had good sensitivity and precision, which could achieve automatic titration control and data processing functions, improve detection efficiency, and was suitable for batch detection of organic matter in soil samples.

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Rapid detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in packaged drinking water using glycosylation functionalized magnetic nanoparticle materials enrichment fluorescence method

HUANG Hui, GUO Yin-li, PENG Qing-zhi, LU Zhen-tan, WANG Fu-yan, LIU Di, ZHANG Miao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 171-178. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.027

Abstract （76）

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Based on the specific recognition of glycosylation functionalized magnetic nanoparticle materials by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the secretion of gelatinase by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the release of FITC was induced from load GNP@FITC functionalized nanofiber membrane. The fluorescence intensity of functionalized nanofiber membrane was measured using a fluorescence spectrophotometer to establish a rapid detection method for Pseudomonas aeruginosa in packaged drinking water. This method used glycosylation functionalized magnetic nanoparticle materials to enrich Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The amount of glycosylation functionalized magnetic nanoparticle materials added to 250 mL of drinking water was 5.00 mg, and the optimal co culture time between glycosylation functionalized magnetic nanoparticle materials and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 6 hours. The optimal co-culture time between load GNP@FITC functionalized nanofiber membrane and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 30 minutes, with a test time of less than 8 hours. The detection limit of the method was 0.004 CFU/mL, indicating strong specificity. Compared with the testing method in GB 8538—2022 ‘National Food Safety Standard for Drinking Natural Mineral Water Inspection Method’, this method shortened the testing time and the detection limit could meet regulatory needs, making it a useful supplement to traditional testing methods.

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Missing data filling algorithm for soil temperature and humidity based on CNN-LSTM Model

ZHANG Ying-jin, SHI Zhi-qiang, Gulimila Kezierbieke, Kumusi Ayiken

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 179-183. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.028

Abstract （86）

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A convolutional neural network-based long short-term memory network （CNN-LSTM） filling model was proposed to address the problem of soil temperature and humidity sensor data loss caused by harsh environments, battery depletion, hardware failures, and other factors. Using the soil temperature and humidity data from the Shandian River Basin in 2019 as experimental data, five models including CNN, LSTM, TCN, CNN-TCN, and CNN-LSTM were selected to fill in the missing data of the soil temperature and humidity sensor network. The Adam algorithm was used to optimize the model, and the coefficient of determination （R²）, mean square root error （RMSE）, and mean absolute error （MAE） index were used to evaluate the results of the model filling. The results showed that using the linear interpolation algorithm to obtain complete data, the R² of the CNN-LSTM model was 0.999 9, which was higher than that of other models. The MAE and RMSE were 0.001 85 and 0.019 70, respectively, which were much lower than those of other models. The K-nearest neighbor interpolation algorithm was used to obtain complete data. The MAE and RMSE of the CNN-LSTM model were 0.000 12 and 0.000 12, respectively, which were much lower than those of other models. The R² was 0.999 4, which was higher than that of the CNN model, and TCN model;the CNN-LSTM model had the best filling effect on missing values in soil temperature and humidity sensor data. The CNN-LSTM model had good feasibility and accuracy in dealing with the problem of missing data from large-scale soil temperature and humidity sensors.

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Design and implementation of farmland informatization and crop traceability system based on WebGIS

ZHOU Jun, PU Zhi, LEI Zhuo-yue

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 184-191. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.029

Abstract （73）

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In response to the problems of lagging map updates, low utilization of geographic information resources, scattered and disorderly agricultural data, and lack of effective crop traceability methods in farm management, a WebGIS-based farmland informatization and crop traceability system was constructed based on Django framework, OpenLayers map library, PostgreSQL database, PostGIS extension tool, and GeoServer platform. The system was based on data collection and farm map construction, and its main functions included map operation, land parcel information query, dynamic display of land parcel information, path planning, crop traceability, and one map of farm information resources. The system had the characteristics of convenient operation, easy maintenance, and easy scalability, and fully considered the unique attributes and regional differences of various farms in its design, with wide applicability. This system could achieve precise control of farm maps, efficient management and visualization of farm data, and obtain complete crop traceability records. Combined with WebGIS technology, the system provided a scientific and efficient operation management system for farm managers, effectively promoting the informationization and modernization of farms.

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Recognition of small target diseases and pests in trees based on the improved NanoDet-Plus network

ZHAO Xiao-ping, DONG zhong-xiang, FENG Jin-xia, YAN Xue-long, HU Jing-jie

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 192-196. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.030

Abstract （70）

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In order to improve the accuracy of identifying small target pests and diseases of trees, a small target pest and disease recognition method based on the improved NanoDet-Plus network was proposed. To enhance the ability to extract small target features, the backbone network of the NanoDet Plus network was improved through attention mechanism, and the improved NanoDet-Plus network was used to identify pine wood nematode disease in pine epidemic areas. The results showed that at an IOU of 0.55, the average accuracy of the improved NanoDet-Plus network recognition reached 94.51%;when the IOU was 0.80, the average accuracy of the improved NanoDet-Plus network recognition was 66.57%;when the IOU was between 0.55 and 0.95, the average accuracy of the improved NanoDet-Plus network recognition was 60.05%. The average accuracy of the improved NanoDet-Plus network recognition was significantly higher than that of traditional Faster R-CNN network, YOLO v6s network, NanoDet network, and NanoDet Plus network, and it performed the best in positioning accuracy and stability.From this, it could be concluded that the improved NanoDet-Plus network had good recognition performance and could be used for forestry pest and disease detection, which could improve prevention and control efficiency.

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Preparation and application of polyclonal antibody against tomato chlorosis virus coat protein

WU Wei-lan, NIE San-mei, ZHANG Kun, LU Zhou, LI Zhan-biao, JI Ying-hua, GUO Ling-fang, ZHANG Song-bai

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 197-201. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.031

Abstract （69）

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In order to establish a rapid detection technology for the tomato chlorosis virus （ToCV）, the coat protein （CP） gene of the virus was cloned by RT-PCR technology, and it was recombinant into a prokaryotic expression vector using Gateway technology. It was then transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 strain for induction of expression. The purified CP protein was used as an antigen to prepare a ToCV CP polyclonal antibody by immunizing Japanese rabbits. Indirect ELISA showed that the titer of the ToCV CP polyclonal antibody was 1∶12 800. Western blot and field experiments had shown that the ToCV CP polyclonal antibody had good specificity and sensitivity. The ToCV CP polyclonal antibody could be used for the detection of ToCV in the field.

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Analysis of bHLH transcription factors family related to organic acid metabolism in Polygonatum kingianum var. grandifolium and Polygonatum sibiricum Red

ZHU Tian-run, WAN Xiao-lin, LIANG Si-qi, XIAO Qiang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 202-206. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.032

Abstract （68）

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The transcriptomes of Polygonatum kingianum var. grandifolium and Polygonatum sibiricum Red were sequenced using a sequencing platform. Bioinformatics methods were used to identify the bHLH transcription factors family related to organic acid metabolism, and the predicted proteins were analyzed for their physicochemical properties, structural domains, and phylogenetic relationships. The results showed that based on the transcriptome data of Polygonatum kingianum var. grandifolium and Polygonatum sibiricum Red, a total of 46 682 transcription factors were obtained, including 110 bHLH transcription factors; there were 978 transcription factors with significant differences in the total transcription data, including 53 bHLH transcription factors;based on metabolomic prediction data, 31 transcription factors related to organic acid were identified, including 22 bHLH transcription factors related to organic acid. Except for Cluster-43865.11, Motif 1 was distributed in all other sequences, and the vast majority of sequences contained Motif 4; all 22 members of the bHLH transcription factors family exhibited varying degrees of conserved motif variation, with each bHLH containing 1-14 Motifs and an average of 7.81 Motifs.

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Transcriptional patterns and differential expression of transcription factor related genes in the development of Dendrobium officinale roots

CHEN Hong-yu, YU Ying, REN De-qiang, RUAN Zhi-zhen, LI Er-mei, RAN Lin-lin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 207-213. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.033

Abstract （70）

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The Illumina HiSeq^TM4000 sequencing platform was used to sequence samples from two different parts of Dendrobium officinale roots （root tip and mature zone）, and GO clustering and KEGG analysis were performed on differentially expressed genes. The results showed that the high-quality reading length of Dendrobium officinale roots was assembled into 136 541 single genes with an average length of 982 bp. Identification and classification statistics were conducted on genes with the ability to encode transcription factors, and 2105 single genes were mapped to 55 categories of transcription factors. A total of 148 MADS boxes, 737 NACs, 449 WRKYs, 369 MYBs, and 105 ARFs were identified. The regulatory pathways of differentially expressed genes involved many pathways, including secondary metabolic pathways such as phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, environmental response pathways such as plant-pathogen interactions, and signal transduction pathways such as plant MAPK signaling pathway.

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Research on consumers’ satisfaction perception of agricultural products based on online reviews： Taking Yantai Apple as an example

DING Jian-li, ZHOU Qing-fu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 214-219. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.034

Abstract （68）

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Taking Yantai Apple as the research object, the Python was used to crawl the user’s comment data under relevant products as the corpus, the natural language processing technology of Baidu AI platform was introduced, and the trained model was used to analyze the comment text. LDA theme classification model was built to extract text themes and keywords, and conduct text mining and quantitative analysis for online comments. The results showed that in the comment text, the positive evaluation for Yantai Apple accounted for 96.1%, neutral evaluation for 0.3%, and negative evaluation for 3.6%. According to the theme consistency index, the comment text content could be clustered into five themes： variety identification, service perception, product quality, marketing perception and logistics quality. Consumers’ overall satisfaction with Yantai Apple was high. Strengthening the variety identification of consumers was an important improvement direction in the future, and suggestions for further improving consumers’ satisfaction were put forward.

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Intrinsic mechanisms and empirical testing of empowering agricultural economic resilience through digital rural construction

SHI Peng-yi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 220-228. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.035

Abstract （76）

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Based on provincial-level panel data in China from 2013 to 2022, the fixed effects model, intermediary effects model, and threshold effects model were used to empirically test the impact and mechanism of digital rural construction on agricultural economic resilience. The results showed that the digital rural construction had a positive promoting effect on the resilience of agricultural economy, which still held true after robustness testing. The digital rural construction enhanced the resilience of agricultural economy by promoting agricultural infrastructure construction and regional economic development. Compared to the main grain producing areas and high resilience areas, the effect of digital rural construction on empowering agricultural economic resilience in non-grain producing areas and low resilience areas was relatively weak. Based on this, it was recommended to continue promoting the construction of digital rural areas, leverage the driving role of agricultural infrastructure and regional economic development, and take multiple measures to enhance the resilience of agricultural economy, in order to lay the foundation for building China into an agricultural powerhouse.

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Service quality evaluation and improvement strategy of rural B&B in Urumqi County based on SERVQUAL model

WANG Shuang-hong, YAN Zhi-ming

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 229-237. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.036

Abstract （65）

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The SERVQUAL model and service quality evaluation method were introduced and modified, the rural B&Bs in Urumqi County were token as the research object,and a 6-dimension and 26-indicator system evaluation scale of service quality of rural B&Bs in Urumqi County was constructed to measure their service quality. The results showed that the service quality score of rural B&Bs in Urumqi County was -0.51,and the service quality was not high. In terms of service quality result evaluation analysis,it was found that the disparity of each dimension was from high to low in the order of assurance, responsiveness, safety, empathy, tangibility, and reliability.Combining the disparity of each dimension and the disparity of each index,it was found that many problems existed in rural B&Bs in Urumqi County,such as insufficient excavation of regional culture,low service level of B&B staff,and weak awareness of epidemic prevention and safety. The results of the study had some theoretical significance for enriching the theories related to the service quality of rural B&Bs,and also had some reference value for further improving the service quality of rural B&Bs in Urumqi County.

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The social risk of relocated migrants based on urbanization resettlement from the perspective of common prosperity

LIANG Xin-yu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 238-244. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.037

Abstract （64）

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The generation mechanism of social risk of relocated migrants based on urbanization resettlement was analyzed. It found that the expression types of social risk of relocated migrants mainly included economic risk, social integration risk and cultural integration risk. Finally, it was proposed to strengthen industrial cultivation and employment assistance, strictly prevent the risk of scale return to poverty; improve the public service “software”, enhance the level of social integration of relocated migrants; build inclusive cultural community, reshape the regional social life community; establish a social risk prevention mechanism, timely resolve sudden risks, so as to maintain the social stability of the resettlement area.

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Influencing factors of cooperative governance of rural human settlement environment based on SFIC model：Taking Z Town of Dazhu County as an example

TANG Xiao-qing, YANG Li-min, LI Shu-min

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 245-252. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.02.038

Abstract （76）

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Based on the SFIC model, the influencing factors of collaborative governance of rural human settlements in Z Town, Dazhu County were studied. The results showed that the starting condition, facilitative leadership, institutional design and collaborative process all significantly affected the results of collaborative governance of rural human settlements, and the influence of each variable was in the order of collaborative process （0.523） > facilitative leadership （0.377） > institutional design （0.309） > starting condition （0.197）. As an intermediary variable, the collaborative process significantly affected the collaborative governance results of rural human settlements, playing a partial mediating role between the starting condition and the collaborative results, between the facilitative leadership and the collaborative results, and a complete mediating role between the institutional design and the collaborative results. On this basis, it was proposed to seek the balance of resources and consolidate the foundation of cooperation; strengthen catalytic leadership and promote collaborative process; optimize system design and standardize cooperative behavior; improve collaborative process and enhance synergistic effect; consolidate synergistic results and strengthen regulatory evaluation.

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Development chronicle of National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing in 2024

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (2): 253-258.

Abstract （106）

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Agricultural new quality productive forces：Literature review and research prospects

GUO Dong-liang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 1-6. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.001

Abstract （54）

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By reviewing relevant literature over the past two years, it was found that the existing research had mainly focused on the theoretical connotation and characteristics, formation logic, mechanism of action, practical impact, level measurement, and implementation paths of agricultural new quality productive forces. In the future, further theoretical explanations and empirical research should be conducted in areas such as the integration of scientific and technological innovation and digital agriculture, agricultural green development and sustainable development, optimization and upgrading of the agricultural industry chain, agricultural policy innovation and institutional design, regional differences and heterogeneity of agricultural new quality productive forces, coordination between agricultural new quality productive forces and rural revitalization strategies, and international comparison and cooperation of agricultural new quality productive forces.

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Study on the coupled coordinated development and spatio-temporal evolution of new quality productivity-rural revitalization: Taking 55 cities in the Yellow River Basin as an example

FU Jing-hao, ZHANG Zhi-duo, ZHENG Bing-bing, XU Xiu-mei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 7-8. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.002

Abstract （42）

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Based on the panel data from 55 cities in the Yellow River Basin from 2012 to 2021, the coupling coordination degree model, exploratory spatio-temporal data analysis (ESTDA) method, and obstacle degree model were used to reveal the spatio-temporal evolution patterns of the coordinated development between new quality productivity and rural revitalization in the Yellow River Basin. The results showed that, ① in terms of timing changes, from 2012 to 2021, the average coupling coordination degree index between new quality productivity and rural revitalization in the study area ranged from 0.4 to 0.6, indicating a moderate coordination level, with a yearly increasing trend. In terms of spatial distribution, the coupling coordination level increased from the upstream to the midstream and downstream areas of the basin. Most cities showed a yearly increase in the coupling coordination level, but significant differences existed among cities. ②Spatio-temporal dynamic analysis indicated that the spatial pattern of the coupling coordination degree between new quality productivity and rural revitalization in the Yellow River Basin remained relatively stable during the study period. However, the integration of spatial pattern evolution was weak, and the synergistic development effect among regions was not obvious. The spatio-temporal transition matrix indicated that the spatio-temporal mobility probability of the coupling coordination degree was low during the study period, with inertia in the coordinated development levels, resulting in a relatively fixed local collaboration pattern among cities in the short term. ③Obstacle factor analysis revealed that during the study period, technological innovation capability, rural economic income, and rural greening issues gradually became factors restricting the development of the two subsystems of new quality productivity and rural revitalization in the Yellow River Basin. Therefore, measures needed to be taken to address regional development shortcomings to achieve coordinated and sustainable development of new quality productivity and rural revitalization in the Yellow River Basin.

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The modernization of agriculture and rural areas driven by new quality productivity:Mechanism and path

YIN Jing-yu, WANG Xin-xin, SHI Lin, FANG Lin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 15-24. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.003

Abstract （31）

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Taking the new quality productivity and the development of agricultural and rural modernization as the research theme, the theoretical logic of the new quality productivity enabling agricultural and rural modernization development was expounded. Based on the relevant data of various provinces, the entropy method and the multivariate weighted comprehensive evaluation method were used to measure the national new quality productivity index and the national agricultural and rural modernization development index from 2010 to 2022, and then the internal influence mechanism and action mechanism of new quality productivity on the development of agricultural and rural modernization were empirically tested with the help of the threshold effect model. The results showed that new quality productivity could empower the endogenous driving force necessary for the development of agricultural and rural modernization. When the government management efficiency was taken as the threshold variable, there was a double threshold effect, but when the threshold was crossed, the promotion effect of the development of new quality productivity on the development of agricultural and rural modernization presented the basic characteristics of "diminishing marginal effect". When the level of marketization was taken as the threshold variable, there was a single threshold effect, and when it was in the low-intensity marketization, the new quality productivity inhibited the development of agricultural and rural modernization, but when the threshold was crossed, the promotion effect of the new quality productivity on the development of agricultural and rural modernization would show the basic characteristics of "increasing marginal effect", that was, with the improvement of the level of marketization, the positive effect of the new quality productivity would be enhanced.

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Breeding and application of medium hybrid indica rice Yangxianyou 77 with high-yield and superior quality

DUAN Sheng-xing, XUE Lian, YU Qi-zhi, DONG Hua-lin, LI Ai-hong, YIN De-suo, LI Zhong-zheng, WANG Hong-bo, SUN Yang, GUO Ying, XU De-ze

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 25-28. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.004

Abstract （34）

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：Yangxianyou 77 is a medium-late maturing hybrid indica rice variety jointly developed by the Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lixiahe Region Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Agricultural Technology Extension Station, and Hunan Yahua Seed Industry Co., Ltd. It was bred using the male sterile line Yangxian 9A and the restorer line HD377. This variety exhibited high and stable yields, superior grain quality and strong disease resistance. It was approved by Hubei Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2024. The breeding process, agronomic characteristics and cultivation techniques associated with this variety were introduced.

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Research progress of flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase and its applications in barley

ZHAO Wei, JING Xing-huai, YANG Tao, CHEN Jia, PU Xiao-ying, YANG Xiao-meng, LI E-xian, LI Xia, YANG Li-e, ZENG Ya-wen

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 29-35. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.005

Abstract （37）

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Flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase (F3′H) is a key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins in plant flavonoids, playing a crucial role in modifying flower and fruit colors, as well as enhancing stress resistance and pest resistance in plants. Barley （Hordeum vulgare L.） is rich in flavonoids and possesses health-promoting properties, and research on the F3′H gene in barley is significant for the development of medicinal and edible barley varieties rich in flavonoids. This review briefly introduced the discovery history of F3′H and its role in the biosynthetic pathway of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins. At the genetic level, the F3′H gene had been cloned from various plants. Some studies have analyzed the formation and evolutionary history of this gene, while others have revealed the transcription factors associated with F3′H and its expression patterns in different tissues and under various environmental stress conditions. In some plants, the expression of the F3′H gene could enhance resistance of plants to stress and some pests and diseases. In barley, most of the structural genes involved in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway have been cloned, with F3′H being one of the later genes to be cloned. Currently, multiple variants of this gene have been cloned and studied from several barley varieties, and these studies are of great significance for the future breeding of barley varieties rich in flavonoids.

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Effects of stocking density of river crabs on rice growth and soil in low-lying saline-alkali soil

WANG Yue, SUN Yi-xin, LEI Jing-yang, MA Qiao-ling, TAO Ying, YUAN Na-na, YANG Juan, WANG Bin, SHI Wei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 36-43. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.006

Abstract （40）

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To investigate the effects of river crab stocking density on soil and rice （Oryza sativa L.） growth in low-lying saline soil in Ningxia, the experiment was conducted with no crab stocking as the control, and low density (300 kg/hm²), medium density (450 kg/hm²) and high density (600 kg/hm²) crab treatments were set up to measure the relevant indexes of rice and rhizosphere soil at the tillering, spiking and milky maturity stages of the rice, so as to explore the growth status of rice under different crab stocking density in low-lying saline-alkaline land. The results showed that the low-density crabs stocking treatment could promote the increase of rice plant height and tiller number. From spiking to milky maturity stages of the rice, the medium-density crabs stocking treatment could reduce soil pH by 4.09%, which was significantly different from that of the low-density and high-density crabs stocking treatments (P<0.05), and it could reduce soil conductivity very significantly compared with that of the control group (P<0.01). The rice yield under the high density crabs stocking treatment increased by 14.60% and 5.69% compared with that under the low and medium density crabs stocking treatments, respectively, and the number of filled grains per panicle under this treatment was the highest, which was significantly different from that under the low and medium-density crabs stocking treatments (P<0.05). The rice yield and the number of filled grains per panicle were significantly positively correlated with the percentage of root activity in total absorption, respectively, and soil pH was significantly negatively correlated with soil ammonium nitrogen, available potassium and available phosphorus content（P<0.05 or P<0.01）. The study showed that the medium-density stocking of river crabs could reduce soil pH, and the high-density stocking of river crabs could increase the percentage of root activity in total absorption and filled grains per panicle rice, and promote the increase of yield.

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Effects of bio-organic fertilizer on the occurrence of main soil-borne diseases, yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco

CHEN Fa-yuan, MA Jun, ZHANG Xin, WU Fang-lian, ZHAI Lin-dun, ZHAO Tong-zhou, SUN Xue-cheng, HUANG Hong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 44-48. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.007

Abstract （43）

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To determine the control effect of bio-organic fertilizer added with biocontrol agent on soil-borne diseases of flue-cured tobacco, two treatments of commercial organic fertilizer (T1, CK) and bio-organic fertilizer (commercial organic fertilizer,Trichoderma harzianum agent and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens agent was mixed at a mass ratio of 6∶1∶1, T2) were set up. A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of organic fertilizer added with biocontrol agents on the incidence, disease index of bacterial wilt, black shank and root knot nematodiasis at 30,50 and 70 days after transplanting, as well as the yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that, after 30, 50 and 70 days of transplanting, compared with CK, the control effect of T2 on bacterial wilt was 47.0%,66.6% and 73.7%, the control effect on black shank was 38.8%,34.6% and 11.7%, and the control effects on root-knot nematodiasis were 60.0%,38.1% and 22.2%, respectively, indicating that the control effects of bio-organic fertilizer treatment on flue-cured tobacco bacterial wilt were stable and increased with the growth stage,while the control effects on black shank disease and root-knot nematodiasis were limited and the best effect was at the seedling stage. Compared with CK, the yield and output value of T2 increased by 10.6% and 10.2%, respectively, and the proportion of superior tobacco increased by 12 percentage points. The commercial organic fertilizer combined with Trichoderma harziensis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens could significantly reduce the occurrence of tobacco bacterial wilt, have certain control effects on tobacco black shank disease and root knot nematodiasis, and improve the yield and output value of tobacco leaves after curing and the proportion of high-grade tobacco, which could be further promoted and applied in the tobacco-growing area of southwestern Guizhou Province.

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Relationship between growth of Haloxylon ammodendron seedlings and changes of soil factors in root zone

ZHOU Cong, WANG Ze, REN Cai, SHI Ya-xin, ZHENG Han-han, CUI Chen-yu, TANG Ling, WU Ming-zhe

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 49-54. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.008

Abstract （32）

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In order to explore the adaptation mechanism of Haloxylon ammodendron seedling growth to the dynamic changes of ecological factors in its habitat, the relationship between growth indexes of Haloxylon ammodendron seedling and the soil moisture content and electrical conductivity in the root zone of Gurbantunggut Desert of Xinjiang was studied and analyzed. The results showed that the soil moisture content of seedlings root zone in the habitat area in late July was the lowest and the difference of soil moisture content in different habitat areas was also the smallest. The soil moisture content ranged from 0 to 3.75 %, and increased gradually with the increase of soil depth. The maximum soil electrical conductivity in habitat K (Karamay research area) and Q (Qitai County desert research area) appeared at 0~40 cm and 80~100 cm respectively, with values of 1 103.03 μS/cm and 244.23 μS/cm. The soil electrical conductivity in habitat area K was higher than that in habitat area Q. Among the growth indexes of Haloxylon ammodendron seedings, except for the ground diameter of seedlings, the plant height, crown width and shoot length were generally in the form of habitat area Q greater than habitat area K. Soil moisture content at seedling growth stage was positively correlated with plant height, crown area, tip length and ground diameter, and was significantly correlated with crown area(P<0.05). The correlation coefficients between soil moisture content and seedling crown area were 0.987 and 0.974 in habitat area K and habitat area Q, respectively. The correlation between soil electrical conductivity and seedling growth indexes was different in different habitat areas. The soil electrical conductivity of habitat area K and habitat area Q had the strongest correlation with seedling shoot length and crown area, and the correlation coefficients were 0.927 and 0.932, respectively (P<0.05). The soil moisture and electrical conductivity of root zone in habit area K and habit area Q were beneficial to the growth of Haloxylon ammodendron seedlings, but the soil in habit area Q was more suitable for the growth of Haloxylon ammodendron.

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Effect of the application of chlorothalonil-degrading strains on its degradation effect and soil microbial community structure

LIU Xiao-mei, CAO Lu-lu, CHEN Jian-fang, WANG Yan-fang, REN Ke, ZHANG Tao, MEI Jian-jun, XU Xi-hui

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 55-59. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.009

Abstract （35）

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The degradation efficiency of chlorothalonil (TPN) by strain Pseudochrobactrum sp. BSQ-1 in soil and its effect on microbial community diversity in soil were studied. The results showed that the degradation rate of TPN by strain BSQ-1 was about 60% within 21 days. The application of degrading strain BSQ-1 could partially restore the richness and diversity of microbial communities in soil and alleviate the threat of TPN pollution to soil microorganisms by MiSeq technology analysis.

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Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and evaluation of geological disasters in the middle and upper reaches of Hanjiang River Basin

ZHOU Ning, YAO Yuan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 60-65. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.010

Abstract （31）

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The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of geological disasters in the middle and upper reaches of Hanjiang River Basin were studied, and the hidden trouble points of geological disasters, slope, elevation, precipitation and human activity indicators were selected to evaluate the susceptibility zoning. The results showed that the development type of geological disasters in the middle and upper reaches of Hanjiang River Basin was mainly landslide, accounting for 77.85%, and the development of land subsidence was the least, accounting for only 0.06%. From 2000 to 2021, the interannual changes of the total number of geological disasters and the number of various types of geological disasters were not large, and the overall trend was a fluctuating downward trend. The development of geological disasters in the middle and upper reaches of Hanjiang River Basin was mainly concentrated in the northern and southern mountains and river valleys in Shaanxi Province, and it was closely related to natural conditions such as the landform. The susceptibility of geological disasters was divided into four levels. The non-susceptible zone accounted for the largest proportion of the total area at 42.36%, followed by the low-susceptibility zone at 25.64%, the moderate-susceptibility zone at 25.08%, and the high-susceptibility zone at 6.92%. In general, the probability of geological disasters in the middle and upper reaches of Hanjiang River basin was low.

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Ecosystem health assessment of Taiyuan City based on landscape pattern analysis

HU Ya-ping, WANG Chun-ling, CHEN Xiao-ping, ZHEN Zhi-lei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 66-73. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.011

Abstract （33）

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Based on the land use data of Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province from 2000 to 2020, the Fragstats software was used to calculate the landscape pattern index and analyze the change of landscape pattern. The “pressure-state-response” (PSR) model and entropy weight method were used to evaluate the ecosystem health status of Taiyuan City. The results showed that cultivated land, grassland and forest land were the dominant landscape types in Taiyuan City, and their areas accounted for a large proportion. The construction land area expanded year by year, and the increase was large. The area of water and other land types was small, and the connectivity was poor. The overall landscape showed a trend of homogeneity and diversification, and the fragmentation of the landscape was deepened. The overall ecosystem health of Taiyuan City showed the distribution pattern of good in the north and south region, and bad in the central region. The comprehensive index of ecosystem health in Taiyuan City showed a downward trend from 2000 to 2015, and reached the lowest value in 2015. The comprehensive index of ecosystem health increased from 2015 to 2020. The indicators of urbanization, population density and human disturbance were significantly correlated with ecosystem health in Taiyuan City（P<0.01）.

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The impact of different clubroot resistance loci on disease resistance, agronomic traits and yield of rapeseed

JIANG Cheng-hong, ZHOU Yuan-wei, CHEN Jun-cheng, LI Shuang-hua, LI Jian-min, PAN Long-qi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 74-78. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.012

Abstract （28）

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The field experiments were conducted by using 6 pairs of rapeseed combinations with resistance and corresponding non-resistant isogenic lines to investigate the differences in disease resistance, agronomic traits and yield when resistance loci CRa/CRb and PbBa8.1 were introgressed into different varieties (materials). The results showed that the incidence rate of all non-disease resistant materials in 6 pairs of rapeseed combinations was more than 97.8%, and the disease index was over 95.6. The incidence and disease index of the materials introgressed with the CRa/CRb resistance locus were higher, the incidence was 96.7%, 86.0% and 82.2%, respectively, and the disease index was 85.9, 67.7 and 36.0, respectively, but both were lower than those of the corresponding non-resistant isogenic materials; the materials introgressed with the PbBa8.1 resistance locus exhibited better resistance to clubroot, the incidence was 10.6%, 1.8% and 5.8%, respectively, and the disease index was 8.0, 1.5 and 4.7, respectively. The agronomic traits of rapeseed introgressed with the CRa/CRb resistance locus, such as plant height, effective branch location, effective number of pods per plant and number of kernels per pod, were lower than those of rapeseed introgressed with the PbBa8.1 resistance locus, which ultimately affected the yield.

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Control effects of combination of tobacco waste and quicklime on Pomacea canaliculata

ZHANG Zhi-li, ZHANG Liang-feng, LIU Yi, LI Dong-mei, WANG Kai-tao, HUANG Jing, GUO Jing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 79-85. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.013

Abstract （32）

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In order to improve the utilization efficiency of tobacco(Nicotiana tobacum L.) waste, the control effects of two kinds of tobacco waste and quicklime with different compounding ratios on Pomacea canaliculata were studied. Tobacco leaf and peduncle were used alone and mixed with quicklime in different proportions (mass ratios of 4∶1, 2∶1, 1∶1, 1∶2, 1∶4, total mass concentration of 0.2 g/L), to explore their effects on survival, behavior, feeding and growth of Pomacea canaliculata. The results showed that the combination of tobacco waste and quicklime had strong toxic effects on Pomacea canaliculata and constrained the feeding and growth of surviving individuals, and the overall trend was that the higher the percentage of quicklime content, the more obvious the inhibition effect on Pomacea canaliculata. In terms of the survival, behavior, feeding and growth of Pomacea canaliculata, the control effects of tobacco leaf on the snails were stronger than that of tobacco peduncle whether used alone or in combination with quicklime, that and more than 95% of the snails died within 14 d. The composite treatment of tobacco leaves and quicklime made it difficult for the snails to eat, and the snails avoided the damage of the two by closing the operculum. Moreover, with the increase of quicklime content and treatment time, the proportion of the snails with closed operculum was growing, even up to 100%. The food intake of Pomacea canaliculata decreased significantly under the single use of tobacco and quicklime and their mixture, meanwhile, the weight growth rate, feeding rate and specific growth rate were significantly inhibited except under the single use of tobacco peduncle. The combination of tobacco waste and quicklime showed controlling effects on Pomacea canaliculata, and the addition of quicklime could improve the utilization efficiency of tobacco waste.

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The influence of exogenous glycine betaine on the physiological characteristics of Bougainvillea spectabilis ‘Crimsonlake’ under NaCl stress

HU Ruo-qun, YANG Zhuo-sheng, WANG Zhou-fan, ZHENG Qing-hua, YOU Yong-bin, XIE Ye-long, LAN Kun-lin, CHEN Ying

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 86-91. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.014

Abstract （31）

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To investigate the impact of exogenous betaine on the physiological characteristics of Bougainvillea spectabilis under NaCl stress and to determine its optimal alleviating concentration, two-year-old potted Bougainvillea spectabilis ‘Crimsonlake’ were used as experimental materials, after simulating salt stress with a 200 mmol/L NaCl solution, exogenous glycine betaine was applied at concentrations of 50, 100, and 150 mmol/L(T1, T2, T3), with water maintenance after NaCl stress (CK) serving as the control group. The effects of different treatments on leaf relative conductivity, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) were determined, and the alleviating capacity of betaine at different concentrations against NaCl stress was comprehensively evaluated. The results showed that the application of exogenous glycine betaine after NaCl stress significantly reduced leaf relative conductivity and MDA content, while obviously increasing proline and the activities of POD, SOD, and CAT, indicating that exogenous glycine betaine could effectively alleviate the damage of NaCl stress to Bougainvillea spectabilis ‘Crimsonlake’. Principal component analysis and fuzzy function analysis revealed that the application of 100 mmol/L exogenous glycine betaine was the most effective in alleviating the stress of NaCl on Bougainvillea spectabilis ‘Crimsonlake’.

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Leaf functional characteristics and leaf economic spectrum of 10 major garden trees in Xiamen

LIANG Wan-feng, YANG Zhuo-sheng, WANG Zhou-fan, LIU Hui-xiang, ZHENG Qing-hua, YOU Yong-bin, WANG Heng-ming, CHEN Ying

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 92-99. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.015

Abstract （32）

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To explore the leaf functional traits and environmental adaptability of garden greening trees in Xiamen City, 10 kinds of garden trees were selected for study, and their leaf functional traits, ecological stoichiometric characteristics and physiological indicators were determined respectively. The results showed that there were significant differences in leaf shape index (LI), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and leaf water content (LWC), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, free proline (Pro) content, catalase (CAT) activity, leaf carbon content per unit mass(LCC), leaf nitrogen content per unit mass(LNC), carbon to nitrogen ratio (C∶N) among 10 species of garden trees. Correlation analysis showed that LI was extremely significantly positively correlated with LWC, extremely significantly negatively correlated with LDMC, and negatively significantly correlated with LNC; SLA was extremely significantly positively correlated with LWC, LNC and C∶N; MDA was extremely significantly negatively correlated with LWC and C∶N; LCC was extremely significantly positively correlated with C∶N and extremely significantly negatively correlated with LNC; CAT was negatively significantly correlated with Pro. Principal component analysis and membership function analysis showed that Delonix regia, Alstonia scholaris and Ficus microcarpa among 10 common garden trees showed better adaptability to Xiamen City under the same environment. Leaf strategy analysis showed that Delonix regia, Alstonia scholaris and Ficus microcarpa belonged to the “slow investment-return” growth strategy (i.e. higher SLA and LDMC and lower LNC), which were more suitable for using as the main tree species in urban landscape planning of Xiamen City.

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Impact of crop tree release on the spatial structure of mixed forest of Pinus massoniana broadleaf trees

ZHANG Meng, GUO Shi-yu, ZENG Long, WANG Yang, HU Cheng-hao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 100-106. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.016

Abstract （28）

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The purpose of the study is to explore the impact of crop tree release on the spatial structure of Pinus massoniana and broadleaf forests after the removal of pine wilt disease-infected trees, with the objective of optimizing forest structure, promoting forest growth, and enhancing broadleaf transformation to improve ecological functions. Eight 20 m × 20 m standard plots were set up, four-neighbor tree spatial structure units were used to calculate the uniform angle index, the mingling degree, layering index, openness, and Hegyi competition index, and the spatial structure before and after simulating crop tree release was compared. The results showed that after crop tree release, the average mingling degree of the eight plots increased from 0.604 to 0.668; changes in the uniform angle index of most plots indicated that tree distribution tended to be random; the average openness increased from 0.299 to 0.361, improving light conditions and growth space; the average layering index increased from 0.576 to 0.608, and the complexity of the vertical structure of trees in six plots increased; the average Hegyi competition index decreased from 0.875 to 0.751, relieving competition pressure among trees. Crop tree release strategies could significantly optimize the spatial structure of P. massoniana and broadleaf trees mixed forests, reduce competition pressure among trees, promote mingling degree and structural complexity, enhance species diversity, productivity, and stability of forests, and facilitate broadleaf transformation, thereby improving ecological functions.

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Screening of α-glucosidase inhibitors in Eugenia caryophyllata and Cinnamomum cassia

XU Cong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 107-111. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.017

Abstract （31）

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The purpose of this study was to explore the potential constituents responsible for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of medicine food homologous herbs Eugenia caryophyllata and Cinnamomum cassia. The α-glucosidase inhibitory effect of crude extracts from Eugenia caryophyllata and Cinnamomum cassia were preliminary determined by in vitro enzyme activity experiment. The corresponding bioactive constituents were determined by the combined use of high-resolution inhibition profiling and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS). The results showed that, crude methanol extracts of Eugenia caryophyllata and Cinnamomum cassia displayed considerable inhibition towards α-glucosidase with IC₅₀values of (50.0±0.08) μg/mL and (2.19±0.17) μg/mL, respectively, more active than the positive control acarbose [IC₅₀=(264.37±2.73) μg/mL]. The high-resolution inhibition profiles pointed out that polyphenols were correlated with α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. In addition, flavonoids from Eugenia caryophyllata, cinnamic acid and 2′-methoxy cinnamaldehyde from Cinnamomum cassia were considered as the possible inhibitors by the careful analysis of UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS data. The results supported further research with the aim of developing Eugenia caryophyllata and Cinnamomum cassia into functional food for prevention and management of T2D and T2D-related complications.

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Identification and pathogenicity analysis of subgroup J Avian leukosis virus from Jianghan chicken

XU Yun-peng, WANG Zui, DOU Jun-feng, LI Li, LU Qin, JIN Xin-xin, LING Xiao-chun, WANG Hong-cai, ZHAI Xin-guo, LUO Qing-ping, LI Yun-xuan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 112-117. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.018

Abstract （42）

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In order to understand the genetic evolution direction and pathogenicity of Avian leukosis virus (ALV) isolated from Jianghan chickens, pathological dissection, virus isolation and identification on Jianghan chicken suspected of ALV infection in Wuhan, Hubei were conducted. The isolated viral strains underwent genetic evolution analysis of the env gene and pathogenicity evaluation. The post-mortem results revealed splenomegaly in diseased chickens, with visible tumors on the liver surface. Following inoculation of homogeneous tissue onto DF-1 cells, ELISA and IFA assays showed positive P27 antigen findings. Subsequent PCR subtype identification only amplified specific bands for the J subgroup, indicating the successful isolation of an ALV-J strain named HB18449. Genetic evolution analysis of the isolated strain’s env gene demonstrated the closest genetic relationship to the Shandong commercial egg chicken strain SD13QJ03 and clustered with most local chicken isolates in the same major branch as the UK prototype strain HPRS103. Furthermore, pathogenicity experiments revealed that infection with HB18449 inhibited chick growth, impaired immune organ development, induced viremia, decreased the CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T lymphocyte ratio in blood, and reduced humoral immune response levels.

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Effects of valerenic acid on the blood and intestinal microbiota of calves

JIANG Ling-ling, RAN Jiang, LUO Wen-ju, ZHOU Jing-rui, WANG Xin, YU Bo

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 118-121. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.019

Abstract （27）

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In order to study the effects of valerenic acid on body weight, blood physiological and biochemical indexes and intestinal microbiota of calves, healthy calves were selected and divided into 0.8% valerenic acid Chinese medicine group and control group, with 10 calves in each group, and fed for 2 months. The results showed that feeding 0.8% valerenic acid had no significant difference in body weight and blood physiological indexes of calves, decreased serum albumin content, significantly increased intestinal bacteroidetes content, and significantly increased the abundance of bacteroidetes, which could play a role through intestinal microbiota.

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Preparation and properties of whey protein-supported theaflavins nanoparticles

ZHOU Zheng-jiang, JIANG Xing-jiao, LUO Yan-kai, FANG Chong-ye

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 122-128. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.020

Abstract （25）

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To improve the utilization rate of theaflavins, the reverse-solvent method was used to prepare whey protein-theaflavins(WP/TF) nanoparticles. The embedding rate and stability constant were used as indexes. The optimal preparation process was determined by single factor and orthogonal tests, and the performance of particle size, Zeta potential, gastrointestinal simulated digestion and storage stability were studied. The results showed that the optimum preparation process for whey protein-theaflavins nanoparticles was the WP/TF mass ratio of 10∶1, hydration temperature of 55 ℃, and hydration time of 1.5 h. The resulting nanoembedding rate was 85.89%, particle size was (557.05±32.55) nm, Zeta potential was (-58.83±3.05) mV, and the resolubility and water solubility were good. Under simulated gastrointestinal digestion, the TF release rate of nanoparticles was significantly reduced, and it had a good slow release effect. After 30 days of storage at 4 ℃ and 25 ℃, the inclusion rate decreased, but the inclusion rate remained above 70% at 4 ℃. Therefore, whey protein-theaflavins nanoparticles exhibited good stability and slow release performance and could improve the utilization rate of theaflavins, which was highly important for the development and utilization of theaflavins.

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Effect of short-term starvation and purification on the processing characteristics of Siniperca chuatsi

TIAN Ming-wei, LEI Yue-lei, AI Ming-yan, YANG Kai, LU Su-fang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 129-137. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.021

Abstract （25）

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：The effects of different indoor starvation and purification times (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 d) on the quality parameters such as basic nutritional composition, water holding capacity, texture, and histological characteristics of Siniperca chuatsi were studied. The results showed that with the increase of starvation time, the fat content began to decrease significantly from the second day, significantly lower than the control group before starvation. The protein content of the muscles of Siniperca chuatsi on the second day of starvation was significantly higher than that before starvation. The muscle pH of Siniperca chuatsi first significantly increased and then began to decrease, reaching its highest value on the second day of temporary starvation. Short-term temporary starvation had an impact on the water holding capacity of fish meat, the storage loss rate was the lowest on the second day of temporary starvation, and it started to recover from the third day. The storage loss rate of Siniperca chuatsi meat in 24 h and 72 h on the fourth and fifth days was higher than that before starvation. After temporary starvation, the muscle hardness and chewiness of Siniperca chuatsi first increased, and decreased significantly on the fourth and fifth days. The recovery of Siniperca chuatsi muscle showed little variation in the first three days, and the recovery of fish meat increased on the fourth and fifth days. Compared with before temporary starvation, the muscle fiber diameter of Siniperca chuatsi decreased first and then increased after temporary starvation. On the second day of temporary starvation, the muscle fiber diameter was the smallest and the muscle fiber density was the highest, significantly higher than that before temporary starvation. Temporary starvation could improve the microstructure, meat quality, and the body color of Siniperca chuatsi, and increase its brightness and whiteness. The experimental results indicated that short-term temporary starvation could improve the muscle quality of Siniperca chuatsi to a certain extent. Considering the comprehensive quality effect and production economic benefits, the suitable indoor temporary starvation purification treatment time for Siniperca chuatsi under the experimental conditions was 2 days.

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Research on microwave-assisted extraction of polysaccharide from Lactarius delicious and its antioxidant activity

JIANG Shu, ZHENG Yu-feng, WU Fang, ZHANG Jin-fan, XIONG Jia-yi, HU Ting

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 138-143. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.022

Abstract （26）

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Lactarius delicious was used as raw material, the material-liquid ratio, microwave power, microwave time, water bath temperature, and water bath time were selected as the variables for the single-factor test, and the Lactarius delicious polysaccharide microwave-assisted extraction process was optimized by using response surface analysis, and its antioxidant activity was studied. The results showed that the best extraction process condition was the material-liquid ratio of 1∶35 g/mL, microwave power of 640 W, microwave time of 25 s, water bath temperature of 90 ℃, and water bath time of 120 min. Under this condition, the extraction rate of polysaccharide from Lactarius delicious was (4.61±0.03)%. The polysaccharide from Lactarius delicious had good antioxidant activity. When the mass concentration of polysaccharide from Lactarius delicious was 1.0 mg/mL, its total reducing ability and DPPH radical scavenging rate reached the maximum.

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Establishment of HPLC characteristic map of fructus choerospondiatis and determination of four flavonoid components

XING Yan-hua, YANG Chang-hua, HUANG Zhuang-zhuang, PENG Xiu-juan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 144-148. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.023

Abstract （23）

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An HPLC characteristic map of fructus choerospondiatis（Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H.F.Chow.） was established, and a quantitative analysis method for four flavonoid components, namely hyperoside, quercetin, kaempferol, and naringenin, was used. The NanoChrom ChromCore 120 C18(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) column was used, and the mobile phase was acetonitrile 0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution, with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, a detection wavelength of 360 nm, a column temperature of 40 ℃, and an injection volume of 10 μL; Cluster, PCA, PLS-DA analysis were performed on the HPLC characteristic map, and the contents of hyperoside, quercetin, naringenin, and kaempferol were determined simultaneously. The results showed that there were 9 common peaks in the HPLC characteristic map of 10 batches of fructus choerospondiatis, with a similarity of 0.982~0.999.The clustering results divided the 10 batches of fructus choerospondiatis into three categories: S3, S6, and S10 clustered together, S2, S4, S5, S7, S8, and S9 clustered together, and S1 clustered separately. Both PCA and PLS-DA analysis results indicated that hyperoside, kaempferol, and naringenin could be potential substances for quality evaluation of different batches. The determination results for the content of hyperoside, quercetin, kaempferol, and naringenin of 10 batches of fructus choerospondiatis showed there was a good linear relationship among the four components within the corresponding concentration range, with correlation coefficients (R²) greater than 0.999 90. The recovery rate was between 98.32% and 101.07%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was between 2.13% and 3.01%. The established HPLC characteristic map and the content determination method of hyperoside, quercetin, kaempferol, and naringenin were simple and feasible, and could be used for quality control of fructus choerospondiatis.

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Study on thermal stability of cinnamon volatile oil and screening of antioxidants

YE Chen-ying, WANG Min, HE Ting, MO Yi-long, ZHOU Gai-lian, LI Hai-xia

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 149-155. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.024

Abstract （28）

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To investigate the thermal stability of cinnamon volatile oil, the oil was extracted using steam distillation. The chemical composition of the oil before and after heating was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the optimal heating temperature and duration were screened. Five antioxidants,namely carvacrol, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), propyl gallate (PG), octyl gallate, and thymol,were selected to evaluate their effects on maintaining the thermal stability of the oil. The results showed that 64 components of cinnamon volatile oil were identified by referencing the Mainlib standard mass spectrometry database combined with manual interpretation. The optimal heating conditions were determined as 100 ℃ for 8 h. Significant differences were observed between the heated cinnamon volatile oil without antioxidant intervention (experimental control) and that treated with antioxidants, indicating that antioxidants could maintain the thermal stability of the oil to varying degrees. Thymol exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on the thermal decomposition of trans-cinnamaldehyde, followed by PG.

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Development and field experiment of potato seedling killing and harvesting integrated machine

ZHOU Yan-jun, LIN Chuan-yao, WU Jian, LIU Xiao-tan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 156-161. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.025

Abstract （27）

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In response to the problem that the existing potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) harvesting machine didn’t have seedling killing function, a potato seedling killing and harvesting integrated machine was developed by integrating mechanized seedling killing and harvesting. The machine consisted of devices for seedling killing, excavation, separation and transportation, transmission, lifting, and collection. The structural parameters of key components were determined through theoretical analysis, and field experiments were conducted using the machine. The results showed that the potato harvesting loss rate was 3.9%, the potato damage rate was 1.9%, and the qualified rate of broken stem and leaf length was 90%. All performance indicators met the agricultural standards for potato mechanized seedling killing and harvesting, and could solve problems such as high harvesting costs, high labor intensity, and tedious mechanized operations.

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Improvement and testing for the washboard of Enshi Yulu tea fine rolling machine

ZHOU Yang, ZHANG Qiang, GAO Shi-wei, CUI Qing-mei, LIANG Jin-bo, HUANG Zhong-hao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 162-166. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.026

Abstract （25）

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In response to the common problems of high breakage rate and flattened appearance in the mechanized shaping of Enshi Yulu tea, this study focused on the commonly used shaping equipment 60K-S fine rolling machine for Enshi Yulu tea mechanized production. Three different types of washboards were designed, optimized, and tested in production. The results showed that the third washboard had the best shaping effect, with a tooth height of 7 mm, a rounded tooth corner of 2.0 mm, and a rounded tooth groove corner of 3 mm. The triangular teeth in the middle of the washboard were changed to round straight strips.The changes in the structure of the washboard had a significant impact on shape and fragmentation, but had a relatively small impact on clarity and color. Reducing the height of the washboard teeth, increasing the rounded corners of the rubbing teeth, and adding rounded tooth grooves had a significant impact on the crushing of tea leaves, resulting in more uniform tea leaves and less breakage.

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Full-length transcriptome sequencing analysis of Percocypris pingi and identification of antimicrobial peptide gene

ZHU Si-yi, DENG Long-jun, LI Tian-cai, ZHANG Yang, GUO Yong-yao, LUO Wei, DU Zong-jun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 167-175. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.027

Abstract （29）

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In order to further enrich the Percocypris pingi gene information database, the PacBio sequencing platform was used to perform full-length transcriptome sequencing of Percocypris pingi. A total of 499 007 full-length non-chimeric reads (FLNC) were obtained, and 70 321 isoforms were obtained through clustering and redundancy removal. The average length and N50 of the isoforms were 1 882 bp and 2 243 bp, respectively. By comparing isoforms with five public databases including NR, GO, KEGG, KOG, and Swiss-Prot, 57 521 isoforms were successfully annotated and 2 310 TFs, 16 225 LncRNAs, and 35 314 CDS were identified. Five antimicrobial peptide genes were identified, including two hepcidin genes and three hemoglobin genes. The hepcidin-1and hepcidin-2 of Percocypris pingi was closely related to hepcidin of Onychostoma macrolepis; the hemoglobin-1α of Percocypris pingi was closely related to hemoglobin α of Danio rerio; the hemoglobin-1β of Percocypris pingi was closely related to hemoglobin 1β and hemoglobin 2β of Ictalurus punctatus; the hemoglobin-2β of Percocypris pingi was closely related to hemoglobin 2β of Onychostoma macrolepis. Through annotation analysis of the full-length transcriptome of Percocypris pingi, the biological processes, metabolic pathways, or signaling pathways involved in the Percocypris pingi gene were elucidated, which could more effectively explore the role of antimicrobial peptides in fish immunity.

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Clone of potato Rieske FeS gene and its expression analysis under drought stress

YE He-jun, YE Chong-ze, YU Jing, ZHAO Rui-ying, GUO Zhi-ping

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 176-181. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.028

Abstract （28）

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The potato (Solanum tuberosum) was used as the research object. The cDNA sequence of the Rieske FeS gene of the potato was cloned by RT-PCR technology, and bioinformatics analysis was performed on the gene. The expression of the Rieske FeS gene under simulated drought stress (0, 12, 24 h) was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. The results showed that the full-length cDNA sequence of the potato Rieske FeS gene was 693 bp, containing one open reading frame and encoding 230 amino acids. The molecular weight of the potato Rieske FeS protein was 24.27 ku, with a theoretical isoelectric point of 8.20;the Rieske FeS protein contained the CytB6-F_Fe-S domain (59~97 aa), transmembrane region (72~94 aa), and Rieske domain (113~203 aa);the secondary structure of potato Rieske FeS protein had the highest proportion of irregular curls, followed by β-sheets, and the lowest proportion was α - helices. The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the potato Rieske FeS protein was most closely related to the tobacco Rieske FeS protein. The qPCR results showed that the Rieske FeS gene of the potato was expressed in all tested tissues, with the highest relative expression level of Rieske FeS gene in leaves, followed by stems and roots, and the lowest relative expression level in tubers. After PEG drought stress, the relative expression level of Rieske FeS gene in leaves showed a decreasing trend followed by an increasing trend, and the relative expression level at 12 hours was significantly lower than that at 0 hours (control group). The relative expression level of Rieske FeS gene in stem segments was significantly upregulated after 12 hours of simulated drought treatment; the relative expression level of Rieske FeS gene was significantly upregulated in tubers under simulated drought stress for 24 hours; there was no significant difference in the relative expression levels of Rieske FeS gene among the drought treatments in the roots. The potato Rieske FeS gene was closely related to drought stress.

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Establishment and optimization of Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation system for Magnaporthe oryzae

LI Shuang, ZHANG Shu-mei, TIAN Yuan, PAN Yu, LIU Wei, YAN Geng-xuan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 182-189. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.029

Abstract （24）

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： Magnaporthe oryzae was used as the experimental material. The GFP gene was obtained through PCR, and a pBarg-GFP-BAR-Amp recombinant vector was constructed. The Magnaporthe oryzae strain containing the GFP gene with stable inheritance was obtained using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The transformation conditions were optimized using single factor and response surface methodology. The optimal transformation conditions for the Magnaporthe oryzae genetic transformation system were an OD_{600 nm} of 0.38 （Agrobacterium concentration）, a co-culture temperature of 28.2 ℃, a co-culture time of 2.12 days, and a transformation efficiency of 280.00×10^-5. PCR identification and fluorescence microscopy observation revealed that the GFP gene of the transformant Magnaporthe oryzae could be expressed normally, with no significant difference in pathogenicity compared to the wild-type Magnaporthe oryzae.

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Heterogeneity study on the impact of financial subsidies and farmers’ income on agricultural insurance

YUAN Shi-yi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 190-195. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.030

Abstract （20）

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Using provincial panel data from 2009 to 2023 as a sample, the heterogeneity of the impact of financial subsidies and farmers’ income on agricultural insurance across different regions was studied based on the characteristics of agricultural production. A "horizontal + vertical" reverse approach was employed to analyze the impact of farmers’ income on agricultural insurance. The study found that, on a national level, financial subsidies and farmers’ income had a significant positive impact on agricultural insurance, with the influence of financial subsidies being greater than that of farmers’ income. Regionally, farmers’ income had a significant positive impact on agricultural insurance density across all regions, while financial subsidies generally had a positive impact, except in the western region where it was negative. The coefficient of per capita agricultural insurance payment, per capita agricultural output value and rural compulsory education proportion had all been positive, but the influence intensity had varied with different regions. The per capita agricultural loan and the degree of disaster had different impacts on agricultural insurance density in different regions. The coefficient of per capita agricultural loan in Northeast China had been positive, while that in other regions had been negative. The degree of disaster had been positive except for the central region, where the coefficient had been negative. Based on these findings, the study suggested implementing differentiated financial subsidies, optimizing the insurance environment, expanding the coverage of agricultural insurance to safeguard farmers’ income, and increasing farmers’ education and training to improve their overall quality.

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The impact of the digital economy on carbon emissions from the perspective of "dual control"：Analysis based on the intermediary effect of industrial structure

HE Jia-xi, DING Jian-li, PANG Qing-hua

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 196-206. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.031

Abstract （25）

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Based on panel data from 30 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions) in China from 2010 to 2019, the mediation effect model was used to empirically analyze the impact of digital economy on carbon emissions. The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between the development of digital economy and carbon emission intensity. The digital economy could reduce carbon emission intensity through rationalization of industrial structure. The impact of the digital economy on carbon emission intensity was more significant in the eastern region and coastal areas, and the inhibitory effect on regions with higher carbon emission intensity was more obvious. It was proposed that the government and relevant departments should accelerate the construction of the digital economy, promote the equalization of the industrial structure, implement heterogeneity strategies, coordinate regional development, and promote synergy between economic development and environmental governance.

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Study on farmers’ adoption behavior of water and fertigation technology： Taking vegetable planters in Beijing as an example

WANG Jie-qiong, FENG Xian, LI Jin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 207-215. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.032

Abstract （23）

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： The existing research progress on water-fertilizer integration technology at home and abroad was systematically reviewed, the theoretical framework and research hypothesis were formulated, and based on the theory of rational behavior and planned behavior, micro-survey data of vegetable farmers in Beijing City were used to analyze the adoption behavior of water-fertilizer integration technology of vegetable planters by Logitstic model. Key influencing factors such as industrial organization, brand management, reducing fertilizer usage, government publicity, and government subsidies were identified. It was suggested to strengthen the construction of vegetable organization system and brand management system, the publicity and promotion of water-fertilizer integration technology and government subsidies.

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Study on the causes of cultivated land abandonment based on DEMATEL-ISM-MICMAC model: A case study of Licheng County, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province

ZHAO Hui-rong, YIN Hai-shan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 216-223. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.033

Abstract （20）

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Taking Licheng County, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province as an example, this study proposed influencing factors of cultivated land abandonment from four aspects: natural conditions, economy, population, and production, based on literature review, field surveys, and expert interviews. The DEMATEL-MICMAC-ISM model was employed to analyze the correlations, importance, hierarchical structure, and driving force-dependency relationships of these factors. The results showed that the 15 influencing factors of cultivated land abandonment were divided into 3 clusters across 6 levels: Direct factors (L1), intermediate factors (L2, L3, L4, L5), and deep factors (L6). Using the MICMAC model, the dependency and driving force values of each factor were calculated, and the driving factors were categorized into four types: linked factors, independent factors, autonomous factors, and dependent factors. Key factors influencing cultivated land abandonment included terrain slope, elevation, background value, expenditure on agriculture, forestry, and water affairs, total agricultural machinery power, location conditions, tillage convenience, and distance to water sources.

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Analysis of export potential of agricultural products between Shandong and RCEP countries

XIE Yong-chao, MENG Yan-chun, WANG Meng-xue, DING Zhuo-zhi, ZHENG Dan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 224-231. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.034

Abstract （23）

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The relationship between Shandong Province and RCEP agricultural products export trade from 2007 to 2021 was analyzed by selecting the data of Shandong Province and RCEP agricultural products export trade, and the empirical analysis was carried out by using the expansion trade gravity model. The results showed that the economic size (GDP), population size and opening-up level of RCEP member countries promoted the export of agricultural products in Shandong Province, while the relative distance between RCEP member countries and Shandong Province, the proportion of agricultural employment, whether they were developed economies and whether there were common economic and trade organizations had inhibitory effects on the export of agricultural products in Shandong Province; the average trade potential of Shandong Province’s agricultural products to RCEP countries showed pioneering trade, while the trade potential coefficient of Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam had decreased significantly, and had been transformed from potential re-shaping to great potential. Japan, South Korea, Australia, Brunei, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and other countries showed pioneering potential. Myanmar showed potential for re-shaping. Based on this, the following suggestions were put forward: Pay full attention to the signing of the RCEP agreement and stabilize the export growth rate; focus on optimizing the export structure of agricultural products, and strengthen the characteristic and advantageous industries; fully tap the potential of export trade and open up export market space; do a good job in connecting and providing services to RCEP.

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Visualization analysis of rural industrial research under the background of rural revitalization based on CiteSpace

SHI Lian, LIU Yan-fang, YANG Li-xin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 232-238. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.035

Abstract （31）

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In order to deeply explore the status quo, hot topics and future development trends of rural industry research since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), a bibliometric analysis method was used to make a quantitative analysis of CSSCI and Peking University core journals about rural industry included in the academic journal database of China Knowledge Network (CNKI). With the help of CiteSpace software, the research situation of rural industry under the background of rural revitalization could be intuitively understood through keyword co-occurrence and keyword cluster visualization map. The results showed that research on rural industry had continued to increase since the 19th CPC National Congress, but most of the authors were in the state of independent research, and the research hotspots mainly included the integrated development of rural industry, rural tourism, rural finance, agricultural science and technology innovation, rural e-commerce, etc. How social capital enabled the development of rural industry might be the research trend of rural industry.

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Analysis of the coupling coordination development on the rural tourism and rural revitalization in Urumqi County, Xinjiang

ZOU Quan-wu, YAN Zhi-ming, WANG Zhi-qiang, WANG Shuang-hong, SUI Lu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 239-243. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.036

Abstract （22）

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： The development of rural tourism and the implementation of rural revitalization strategy in Urumqi County, Xinjiang from 2012 to 2021 were analyzed, and the coupling degree between the two was explored, so as to promote the coupling and coordinated development between the two. With Urumqi County as the research area and data obtained, a system of rural tourism and rural revitalization was constructed. The weight was determined by combining the entropy method and AHP, and the coupling model was used to calculate the coupling coordination degree of rural tourism and rural revitalization in Urumqi County from 2012 to 2021, so as to analyze the comprehensive development level, coupling degree and coupling coordination degree of rural tourism and rural revitalization in Urumqi County. The results showed that the coupling relationship between rural tourism and rural revitalization in Urumqi County from 2012 to 2021 was increasingly obvious and showed an upward trend. The degree of coupling coordination between the two developed from low degree to high degree; the comprehensive development level index of rural tourism increased from 0.018 98 to 0.394 88; the comprehensive development level index of rural revitalization increased from 0.071 17 to 0.456 71; the coupling degree increased from 0.815 41 to 0.997 36; the comprehensive coordination index increased from 0.045 07 to 0.425 80; the coupling coordination degree increased from 0.191 71 to 0.651 67. Rural tourism and rural revitalization in Urumqi County promoted each other obviously.

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Spatial integration mechanism and agglomeration mode of traditional agricultural township industry

LIU Lan-jun, CHEN An, QI Xian-huan, PAN Yue

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 244-249. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.037

Abstract （21）

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： The concept of traditional agricultural rural industrial space was defined, and the evolution characteristics of resource space and industrial space in townships were studied. The integration mechanism of rural industrial space, including factor coupling, mode coupling, and potential spillover, was summarized. By distinguishing the spatial deviation mechanism of urban-rural supply-demand relationship and resource conversion intensity, the attribute connotation of traditional agricultural township industrial space was elucidated, three types of “agricultural space+” organizational methods were sorted out, and four industrial integration models were proposed： Dual high comprehensive type, resource conversion single high type, supply-demand driven single high type, and dual low breakthrough type, to guide the allocation of land resources and optimization of industrial spatial pattern in traditional agricultural townships. Finally, strategies for improving the quality and optimizing the industrial space of traditional agricultural townships were proposed from three aspects： Stabilizing agriculture, improving agriculture, and revitalizing agriculture.

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Can social network improve the health of older adults：Mediating effect based on leisure participation

YIN Dong-hao, SONG Jia-yu, XIE Yun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2025, 64 (3): 250-256. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2025.03.038

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According to the data of CGSS in 2017 and 2018, the influence of the social network on the physical and mental health of the urban and rural elderly was explored by using orderly Logistic regression combined with the KHB test of mediating effect. The results showed that Internet use, relatives and friends had a significant impact on improving the physical and mental health of the elderly.Among them, relatives had a heterogeneous impact on the health of urban and rural elderly, and there were significant urban-rural differences in Internet use. The mediating effect of leisure participation was significant. Therefore,the government should optimize community culture, entertainment, education, physical exercise and other elderly care service facilities, focus on accelerating the development of rural cultural undertakings, and promote the construction of rural civilization, at the same time, improve the construction of rural information network facilities, narrow the difference in Internet penetration rates between urban and rural areas, conduct targeted Internet application skills training,strengthen Internet security supervision for the elderly,and create a safe Internet environment for the elderly.

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