HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

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Comprehensive evaluation of new maize varieties for grain and fodder based on membership function method

ZOU Cheng-lin, LIN Qiong-xiang, HUANG Kai-jian, ZHAI Rui-ning, YANG Meng, HUANG Ai-hua, MO Run-xiu, WEI Xin-xing, HUANG Yan-fen

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 1-5. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.001

Abstract （372）

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To screen new maize（Zea mays L.） varieties suitable for food and fodder dual-purpose in Du'an Yao Autonomous County of Guangxi, the agronomic characters, yield and quality indexes of 12 new maize varieties were measured, the correlation between various indexes were analyzed, and the comprehensive performance of the tested varieties were evaluated by membership function method. The results showed that the variety with the highest grain yield and whole plant biomass was Guidan 671, which were 10 908 kg/hm² and 49 965 kg/hm² respectively; the second was Zhaoyu 215, which were 10 086 kg/hm² and 47 175 kg/hm² respectively. Grain yield was highly significantly positively correlated with ear diameter and 100 grain weight（P<0.01）, and significantly correlated with whole plant biomass, starch content, ear length and grain number per row（P<0.05）; the whole plant biomass was highly significantly correlated with the number of grains per row（P<0.01）, and significantly correlated with starch content, panicle length, plant height and panicle height（P<0.05）. The comprehensive performance scores of the tested varieties from high to low were Guidan 671, Zhaoyu 215, Guidan 669, Guidan 6208, Guidan 666, Guidan 6205, Guidan 660, Guidan 6203, Guidan 6206, Guidan 162, Guidan 668 and Guidan 673. According to the values of membership function and combined with various indexes, Guidan 671 and Zhaoyu 215 had good comprehensive performance, and could be used as the first choice for food and fodder dual-purpose maize varieties in Du'an Yao Autonomous County.

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Breeding,comprehensive analysis and high-yield cultivation techniques of new maize variety Yundan 25

YU Chang-ping, ZHOU Hua-ping, YE Qing-song, WU Cheng-guo, XIAO Neng-wu, QIN Guang-ming, LI Yong-xue, WANG Zhi-yun, CHEN Qiang, LIU Yong-zhong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 6-11. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.002

Abstract （1192）

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The breeding process and characteristics of a new maize（Zea mays L.） variety Yundan 25 were briefly introduced. Based on the results of the regional trial and production trial of maize varieties from 2019 to 2020 in Hubei Province, the performance of productivity, stability and adaptability of Yundan 25 in the mountain area of Hubei Province were analyzed by testing the average yield, yield variation coefficient, high yield effect value, high stability coefficient,adaptability parameter,and regression coefficient of yield and environmental index. The results showed that Yundan 25 was a new maize variety with a higher yield, stronger stability,wider adaptability, and suitable for spreading planting in mountainous areas of Hubei Province and other corresponding ecological areas. In addition, the effects of different fertilizer amount（A） and planting densities（B） on yield and main agronomic traits of maize variety Yundan 25 were studied by using two-factor split plot design. The results showed that the best cultivation mode of Yundan 25 was density of 55 000 plants/hm², 750.0 kg/hm² compound fertilizer as base fertilizer, 337.5 kg/hm² urea as topdressing （seedling fertilizer ∶ ear fertilizer = 1∶2）, and the average yield was the highest, reaching 15 670 kg/hm².

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Comparison of yield and quality of 6 varieties of sweet sorghum in Alar City

PENG Hong-xin, ZHOU Zheng, CHEN Ya-fei, JIANG Yi-kang, JIANG Hui

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 12-17. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.003

Abstract （362）

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In Alar City, Xinjiang Province, six different sweet sorghum （Sorghum bicolor ‘Dochna'） varieties were mowed at different time nodes to determine the yield and nutrient composition of sweet sorghum, which provided theoretical support for determining the appropriate cultivar and mowing period. The results showed that, considering both yield and nutritional quality, the suitable mowing time for 6 sweet sorghum varieties was July 27. During this period, the yield of the six sweet sorghum varieties from high to low was Dalishi, Qingzhudashi, FS3501, F10, F430 and F29; the crude protein content from high to low was Dalishi, F10, F430, FS3501, F29 and Qingzhudashi; the starch content from high to low was F29, FS3501, Dalishi, F10, F430 and Qingzhudashi; the acid detergent fiber content from high to low was FS3501, F29, F10, Dalishi, F430 and Qingzhudashi; the hemicellulose content from high to low was FS3501, Dalishi, F29, Qingzhudashi, F430 and F10. By comprehensive comparison, among the six varieties, the yield and main nutrients of Dalishi and Qingzhudashi are excellent, which are suitable for planting in Alar City.

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Effects of spraying paclobutrazol at different stages on agronomic characteristics,yield and quality of rapeseed

CHU Qian-mei, BAI Gui-ping, XIE Jie, XIE Xiong-ze, YING Yu-feng, WANG Dun, FENG Peng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 18-22. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.004

Abstract （395）

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Taking four varieties of rapeseed Zhongyouza 39, Zhongshuang 11, Huayouza 62 and Huayouza 9 as test material, spraying water was used as a control, and the effects of spraying paclobutrazol on agronomic characteristics,disease resistance,yield and quality at two stages（the closing of crop and the start of flower bud） were studied. The results showed that paclobutrazol treatment significantly decreased stem height, effective branch site, and the number of invalid branches and increased the number of effective siliques on branches and per plant, and it had little impact on other indicators at the closing of crop stage; beyond that paclobutrazol treatment significantly enhanced disease resistance and increased the yield and oleaginousness at two stages. However, the content of erucic acid and glucosinolate in rapeseed were significantly decreased at the closing of crop stage, and the performance was consistent between different varieties of rapeseed. This study showed that the paclobutrazol treatment decreased stem height, increased yield and improved quality in rapeseed at 150 mg/L concentration conditions at the closing of crop stage.

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Response of the cultivated land use structure to climate warming and drying in central Yunnan Plateau

TONG Shao-yu, ZHOU Yue, PENG Hai-ying

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 23-30. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.005

Abstract （210）

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In order to study the impact of climate change on local cultivated land use patterns in central Yunnan Plateau,the regional irrigation water demand index of cultivated land use was constructed to quantitatively express the change characteristics of regional cultivated land planting structure and the response of regional cultivated land use structure to climate change. The results showed that the climate in the study area had a significant warming and drying trend, with an average warming rate of 0.35 ℃/10 a, an average precipitation decreasing rate of 79.15 mm/10 a, and an average decreasing rate of Kira dry-humidity index of 0.65/10 a from 1998 to 2019. At the same time, the regional cultivated land use structure showed a continuous trend of “drought”, and the proportion of crops with relatively small irrigation water requirements increased significantly, while the proportion of crops with relatively large irrigation water requirements decreased rapidly. Under the background of continuous increase of sown area, the index of irrigation water requirement of regional cultivated land utilization decreased continuously. The sown area of main crops and irrigation water demand index of regional cultivated land use were significantly correlated with mean annual temperatures, precipitation and Kira's humidity/aridity index. The response of regional cultivated land use structure to climate warming and drying was “drought”, and this response had a lag.

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Study on change of ecosystem service value in Fuzhou City based on land use change

WAN Jian-yi, LIU Ping-hui, ZHU Chuan-min

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 31-38. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.006

Abstract （230）

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The ecosystem service values and their changes in Fuzhou City, Jiangxi Province were studied based on the change of land use status data in 2010 and the change of the third land survey data in 2020. The results showed that, from 2010 to 2020, Fuzhou City had the largest area increase and single dynamic degree of water and construction land, the relatively larger reduction range of unused land, grassland and wetland, and the largest decrease of arable land area; the main direction of land transfer was the conversion of grassland and arable land to forest land, and the conversion of arable land and forest land to construction land. From 2010 to 2020, ecosystem service values in Fuzhou City showed an upward trend, the net increase was RMB 13.668 billion yuan, and the increase mainly came from the increase of the area of water and forest land. The spatial distribution of the value-added and value-impaired areas of ecosystem service value was uneven. Therefore, the construction of compensation mechanism for ecological environment construction should be strengthened to promote the balanced and coordinated development of ecological environment and sustainable economic development in Fuzhou City in the future.

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Analysis on the temporal and spatial characteristics and influencing factors of greenhouse gases from agricultural sources in Xinjiang

ZHANG LI-kang, WANG ZHI-qiang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 39-46. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.007

Abstract （221）

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The greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural sources in Xinjiang from 2009 to 2019 were estimated with reference to the methods recommended in the Provincial Greenhouse Gas Guidelines. The temporal characteristics and spatial differences of greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural sources in Xinjiang were explored. The decoupling characteristics and influencing factors of greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural sources in Xinjiang were analyzed using Tapio model and LMDI decomposition method. Finally, the emissions of greenhouse gas from agricultural sources in Xinjiang in 2030 and 2050 were predicted by constructing different scenarios. The results indicated that the emission of greenhouse gases from agricultural sources in Xinjiang showed an overall upward trend from 2009 to 2014, which was divided into two stages： fluctuating rise and steady rise, taking 2013 to 2014 as the boundary; The regional emissions of greenhouse gases from agricultural sources in Xinjiang were significantly different, and the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture and Altay region belonged to the “double high” region; the decoupling state of agricultural greenhouse gases in Xinjiang was not ideal, mainly weak decoupling; the most important factor to curb agricultural greenhouse gas emissions in Xinjiang was agricultural production efficiency, followed by agricultural structure. The most important factor to promote agricultural greenhouse gas emissions was agricultural economic level, followed by agricultural population size; the prediction results showed that the agricultural greenhouse gas emissions in Xinjiang would not reach the peak in 2030 and 2050, and would continue to rise. Facing the severe emission reduction situation in Xinjiang, agricultural production efficiency should be improved the industrial structure should be adjusted and optimized emission reduction indicators should be quantified, and emission reduction tasks should be implemented.

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Study on the spatial and temporal pattern and utilization efficiency of cultivated land occupied by urban expansion：Taking Chengdu Metropolitan Area as an example

ZHANG Zhi-feng, TANG Yu-ping, PAN Hong-yi, MA Hong-ju

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 47-53. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.008

Abstract （251）

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In order to reduce the effect of the inefficient use of cultivated land occupied by urban expansion on regional food security, based on GIS platform, this study combined research methods such as expansion speed, contribution index and equal fan analysis to describe the temporal and spatial pattern of cultivated land occupied by urban expansion in Chengdu metropolitan area from 2000 to 2018, and then reveal the evolution law of its utilization efficiency through BCC model. The results showed that the total cultivated land occupied by urban expansion in the study area was 470.528 km²,the expansion speed was 24.765 km²/a, and the contribution index was 74.4%, showing a trend of first strengthening and then weakening; the direction of cultivated land occupation was transferred from the west and north to the east and south as a whole; this study also found that the comprehensive efficiency, technical efficiency and scale efficiency all showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing. In terms of the spatial change of comprehensive efficiency, the high efficiency zone moved from the central and western regions to the relatively high efficiency areas were concentrated in the northeast to southwest in the second and third periods, and the inefficient area was generally located in the west.

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Study on the temporal and spatial scale effects of landscape pattern on river water quality in Shenzhen River-Bay Watershed

LI Hong-qing, CHEN Ming-hui, CHENG Fei-fei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 54-63. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.009

Abstract （202）

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The relationship between land use/landscape pattern and water quality at different spatial and temporal scales was explored to provide reference for rational planning of land resources, so as to protect the water quality safety of the watershed. Based on the data of river water quality and land use in Shenzhen River-Bay Watershed in 2020, the sub-basin scale and 8 buffer zone scales of riparian zone were selected, and Spearman correlation analysis, stepwise regression analysis and redundancy analysis were used to quantitatively explore the impact of land use/landscape pattern on river water quality in the rainy season and non-rainy season. The results showed that the water quality of Shenzhen River-Bay Watershed during the non-rainy season was better than that during rainy season, and the water pollution was more serious in the lower reaches and the outlet of the river. Construction land and forest land were the main landscape types at different spatial scales, and the proportion of construction area and forest area, patch density（PD）, edge density（ED）, mean euclidean nearest neighbor distance（ENN_MN）, CONTAG and aggregation index（AI） were significantly correlated with water quality change. At the scale of 300 m riparian buffer zone in the rainy season, landscape indexes had the most significant impact on water quality, and forest land was the main significant explanatory variable. The water quality of Shenzhen River-Bay Watershed had significant temporal and spatial differencs. In addition to the increase of forest area ratio could improve the water quality, the increase of construction area ratio, ED and PD value would lead to the decrease of water quality. The optimization of landscape pattern within 300 m riparian buffer zone should be emphasized when improving water quality in the basin.

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“Grain-oriented” or “Non-grain-oriented”： Spatial-temporal analysis of the agricultural planting structure in Jiangsu Province at county level

WANG Chao, ZHI Xiao-juan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 64-70. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.010

Abstract （236）

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Based on the agricultural statistical data from 1990 to 2019, the temporal and spatial distribution and “non grain-oriented” situation of crop planting structure in Jiangsu Province in the past 30 years was discussed by using the methods of spatial data analysis and mathematical statistical analysis. The results showed that the planting area of crops in Jiangsu Province had been declining in recent 30 years, and the proportion of the total sown area of cash crops in the total area of crops in Jiangsu Province showed a rapid reduction trend. The sown area of grain crops in northern Jiangsu Province maintained a gradual growth trend, and the“non grain-oriented” trend in southern Jiangsu Province was obvious. Wheat had gradually replaced rice as the food crop with the widest sowing area in Jiangsu Province. Rice planting in southern Jiangsu Province has shifted to central and northern Jiangsu Province in recent 10 years. Corn was the most widely planted in Nantong City, and the sowing level of soybean in the whole province continued to be low. The planting types in Jiangsu were gradually diversified, and a combination of many kinds of crops had been formed. The food security situation had changed for the better.

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Optimization of NaClO₂ wet oxidation denitration conditions for flue gas from gas-fired boiler by response surface methodology

QIAN Li-li, ZHOU Hui-min, ZHU Meng-yu, XIA Feng-jie, ZHU Cheng-zhu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 71-76. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.011

Abstract （178）

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In view of the excessive emission of nitrogen oxides from flue gas of gas-fired boiler, the process conditions of NaClO₂ wet oxidation denitration were studied. The effects of NaClO₂ concentration, pH, solution temperature and empty tower gas velocity on the denitration rate in NaClO₂ wet oxidation denitration process were studied. The response surface method was used for the experimental design. Taking the NO_x removal rate as the response value, the mathematical model between the factors and the response value was established, and the interaction among the influencing factors was analyzed. The results showed that NaClO₂ mass concentration, pH and empty tower gas velocity had significant effects on NO_x removal rate（P<0.05）, and there was significant interaction between NaClO₂ mass concentration and pH, as well as between pH and empty tower gas velocity（P<0.05）. The optimized process conditions were that the mass concentration of NaClO₂ was 1.2 g/L, the pH of the solution was 5.02, the reaction temperature was 59.86 ℃, and the empty tower gas velocity was 1.01 L/min.

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Effects of high-carbon biochar-based fertilizer combined with microbial agent on soil fertility and yield-quality of tobacco

XU Feng-dan, LI Liang, ZANG Xiang, SI Xian-zong, SUO Yan-yan, CHENG Pei-jun, LI Hong-liang, LI Jian-hua

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 77-83. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.012

Abstract （211）

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A randomized block design was carried out to study the effects of high-carbon biochar-based fertilizer with different microbial agents on soil fertility and tobacco yield and quality. The results showed that the high-carbon biochar-based fertilizer combined with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens or Trichoderma viride could increase the number of soil bacteria and fungi, and the plant height, stem circumference, maximum leaf area, dry matter accumulation, yield, output value of tobacco and the proportion of medium and high grade tobacco compared with the conventional fertilization control（T1）. Among them, conventional fertilization+high-carbon biochar-based fertilizer+Bacillus amylolyticus+Trichoderma viride（T5） treatment had the best effect on improving the yield and quality of tobacco leaves, and the yield, output value of tobacco and the proportion of medium and high grade tobacco increased by 25.96%, 35.69% and 12.13% respectively compared with T1 treatment. Compared with T1, T5 treatment could also increase soil water content, organic matter content, ammonium nitrogen content, available sulfur content and soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus content. Therefore, high-carbon biochar-based fertilizer combined with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Trichoderma viride could effectively improve the biological characteristics of tobacco soil and enhance the yield and quality of tobacco leaves.

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Research on risk assessment and zoning of corn borer disaster in Shandong Province

ZHANG Xiao-dong, ZUO Ya-nan, JI Min

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 84-88. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.013

Abstract （214）

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In view of the damage assessment and prevention needs of agricultural pests and diseases in Shandong Province, the risk assessment and zoning of corn borer disasters in Shandong Province in recent years were conducted. The technical specification with the agricultural industry standard of the People's Republic of China Technical Specitication for Corn Borer Detection and Reporting （NY/T 1611—2008） and the local standard for grading the occurrence degree of corn borer from Shandong Plant Protection Station were combined. Based on the statistics and data extraction of the occurrence of corn borer in Shandong Province in the past 13 years, the classification criteria of the occurrence degree of corn borer were put forward, which took the rate of damaged plants as the main dividing factor and the number of pests on 100 plants as the auxiliary factor. The classification and frequency statistics of the occurrence degree of corn borer were carried out in 16 prefectural cities in Shandong Province; based on the index system, which took the occurrence frequency of corn borer as the disaster factor, the maize sown area and meteorological conditions as the disaster environment factor, and the maize yield as the carrier factor, the risk regionalization of single index factor was constructed. The comprehensive risk index was calculated through the normalization process, and the comprehensive risk regionalization of corn borer in Shandong Province was generated according to the comprehensive risk index. The results showed that the risk of corn borer in Shandong Province mainly occurred in the central and western parts of the province, among which, Heze City was a high-risk area, and Dezhou City, Weifang City, Binzhou City and Liaocheng City were higher-risk areas.

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Research on cross-linked chitosan as film-forming agent in seed coating agent

ZHANG Xian, CHENG Zhuang, WEN Zi-hui, ZHU Cai, WU Ying, GUO Cheng, LI Wei, QIN Cai-qin, DING Yu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 89-93. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.014

Abstract （194）

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Different amounts of glutaraldehyde （0%, 1.5%, 3.0%, 6.0%, 9.0%） were used as crosslinking agents to cross-link chitosan solutions （1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%） with different mass concentrations to explore the film forming and coating properties of cross-linked chitosan solutions and its effect on the germination rate of corn seeds. The results showed that the film forming and coating properties of crosslinked chitosan were greatly improved. The film formation time of 2.0wt.%-1.5% sample （i.e., 2.0% chitosan concentration, 1.5% glutaraldehyde crosslinking agent） was 9.6 min, the coating shedding rate was 8.4%, the coating uniformity was 91.8%, and the germination rate was 93%.

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Research on the development of Yunnan plateau vegetable industry cluster

LI Liang, DONG Xiao-bo, MAO Zhao-qing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 94-99. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.015

Abstract （208）

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In order to promote the high-quality development of Yunnan plateau vegetable industrial clusters, the development status of Yunnan plateau vegetable industry cluster was summarized, and the status of each link of Yunnan vegetable industry based on the diamond model was analyzed. Aiming at the problems of Yunnan plateau vegetable industry clusters in terms of production factors, demand conditions, related industries and supporting industries, corporate organization and strategy and competition, opportunities and government behaviors, it was proposed that the healthy development of the Yunnan plateau vegetable industry cluster could be promoted by continuously enhancing the degree of industrial organization, implementing standardization of the entire industry chain, optimizing of the horizontal and vertical development of the industry, and innovating technology support and security systems. The construction and development of the Yunnan plateau vegetable industry cluster were optimized through a series of countermeasures and suggestions that were in line with the actual situation of Yunnan Province, to promote the qualitative improvement of the development of the Yunnan plateau vegetable industry.

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Effects of different fertilizer reduction and efficiency increasing modes on yield and quality of Chinese cabbage

WANG Su-ping, ZHU Wen-ge, LEI Xiong-Hao, WANG Sheng-jun, ZENG Xue-jun, ZHANG Gui-you, DU Lei, JIANG Li, LIU Xin, HONG Juan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 100-103. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.016

Abstract （237）

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In order to clarify the changes of soil and crop indexes under different fertilizer reduction and efficiency enhancement modes, field plot experiments were conducted to study the effects of different fertilizer reduction measures on the yield, quality and soil physical and chemical properties of Chinese cabbage. The results showed that among the different fertilizer reduction measures, the yield of pakchoi recommended for fertilization was the highest, which was 31 945 kg/hm². Under the fertilizer reduction and efficiency increase measures, the yield of pakchoi increased by 30.85%~43.26%, the content of nitrate in leaves decreased by 16.54%~28.33%, the content of soluble protein increased by 4.96%~11.83%, and the content of VC and soluble sugar did not change significantly. The quality of Chinese cabbage was the best by applying organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer. After fertilizer reduction, the nitrogen accumulation of Chinese cabbage increased by 13.20%~25.70%, and there was no significant difference in phosphorus and potassium accumulation. The agronomic utilization rate of water-soluble fertilizer was 95.39 kg/kg, which was significantly higher than that of other treatments. The agronomic efficiency of farmers' habitual fertilization was the lowest, only 24.23 kg/kg. Fertilization could improve soil physical and chemical properties, but the planting of one season Chinese cabbage had no significant effect on soil pH and EC value. After the application of organic fertilizer, the contents of organic matter, mineral nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil were also significantly higher than those of other fertilization treatments. In conclusion, considering the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage, fertilizer agronomic efficiency and soil fertility, applying organic fertilizer and water-soluble fertilizer could achieve better results.

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Effects of different cultivation patterns on cold resistance of Prunus domestica

HUI Jing-tao, LIN Guo-cang, SUN Mei-le, YANG Jing, ZHANG Yu-kun, CUI Yan-hua,REN Xiang-rong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 104-107. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.017

Abstract （643）

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Five improved varieties of prune （Prunus domestica L.） were selected as the research objects, and the agronomic characters and adaptability of different varieties of prune were analyzed by the experiment of density, water and fertilizer integration and cold resistance. The results showed that, under the planting density of 5.0 m×2.5 m and reasonable control of water and fertilizer, Goddess prune and France prune needed three layers of protection in the first year, two layers of protection in the second year, and could safely overwinter without protection in the third year with good cold resistance. The planting density of Red prune, Blue prune and Xinmei No. 1 were 4.0 m×2.0 m under reasonable control of water and fertilizer, three layers of protection for overwintering were required in the first year, two layers in the second year, and one layer in the third year. With the reasonable supporting cultivation techniques, five prune varieties could safely overwinter and were suitable for planting in northern Xinjiang.

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Study on the forecast of pear blossoming period and the meteorological index of pear ornamental tourism in Qianxi

ZHENG Yan-ping, DU Liang-liang, SONG Xiao-hui, WANG Guan, SHI Jian-feng, GUO Jin-hai

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 108-111. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.018

Abstract （186）

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Based on the observation data of the flowering period of pear trees and relevant meteorological data during 2008—2021, the time correlation coefficient between the first flowering period of pear trees and meteorological factors was calculated,the linear prediction model of Qianxi pear flowering period was established by using linear prediction and stepwise regression methods,and the meteorological index of pear flower ornamental tourism in Qianxi County was determined. The results showed that, the initial flowering period of pear trees was closely related to the effective accumulated temperature, air temperature and ground temperature,it was negatively correlated with accumulated temperature ≥0 ℃ from December to March of the following year, mean minimum temperature in March and mean ground temperature in March,and the stepwise regression prediction model established after optimizing the prediction factors was the best. Taking into account the flowering period of pear trees, meteorological conditions, travel convenience, human comfort and other factors, the meteorological index for pear blossom ornamental tourism in Qianxi County was determined, which could provide important guidance for landscape management, tourism development and public flower appreciation.

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Comparison of photosynthetic carbon sequestration ability of 28 native tree species seedlings in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

WANG Xiao-rong, HU Xing-yi, GONG Miao, FU Tian, PANG Hong-dong, YANG Jia-wei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 112-117. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.019

Abstract （194）

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In order to screen out the tree species with strong carbon sequestration ability and good adaptability, a literature search method was used to set the conditions of similar growth conditions, similar seedling age, the same test methods, and common native tree species in Hubei Province. 28 tree species meeting the conditions were screened. The daily net assimilation, daily net carbon sequestration per unit leaf area and light response parameters of each tree species were compared and analyzed, and 28 tree species were classified according to carbon sequestration capacity and photosynthetic efficiency by cluster analysis method. The results showed that the daily net carbon sequestration per unit leaf area of 28 tree species was 4.00~16.49 g/（m²∙d）. The daily net carbon sequestrations of Zelkova serrata, Nerium oleander and Cotinus coggygria var. cinerea were high. Nerium oleander, Quercus variabilis and Pterocarya stenoptera were strongly positive species. While Cinnamomum camphora, Triadica sebifera, Zelkova serrata etc. 9 species belonged to positive tree species. Catalpa bungei, Camptotheca acuminate, Sapindus saponaria etc. 12 species belonged to neutral tree species, while Camellia oleifera, Elaeocarpus decipiens, Castanopsis tibetana and Emmenopterys henryi belonged to shade-tolerant tree species. Pterocarya stenoptera, Triadica sebifera, Zelkova serrata, Toona ciliate, Catalpa bungei, Camptotheca acuminate and Quercus variabilis with high carbon sequestration capacity and strong adaptability could be preferentially used for carbon sink afforestation in Hubei Province and even the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In the construction of carbon sequestration efficient carbon sink forest, the reasonable collocation of strong positive trees and shade-tolerant shrubs should be considered.

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Effects of altitude, sowing date and sowing amount on growth of Bupleurum falcatum L.

LI Yun-fei, YANG Ying-chun, YAO Yu-ling, YANG Hao, GUO Zhi-jun, LI Rong-fang, FEI Fu-hua, XIANG Yi-bing, XIANG Li, LI Nian-zu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 118-121. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.020

Abstract （281）

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The experiment was conducted to compare the effects of different treatments on growth and development of Bupleurum falcatum L. and provide a basis for the standardized cultivation of B. falcatum L.. Using B. falcatum as experimental material, different altitudes, sowing dates and sowing amounts were set, the phenological stage was observed, and the relevant growth indexes were determined. The results showed that the seedling stage, shoot elongation stage, budding stage, flowering stage and fruiting stage of B. falcatum were correspondingly delayed with the increase of altitude. The plant height was the highest at 600 meters above sea level, and there was no significant difference in main root length, root thickness, single root weight, plot root yield and equivalent yield among different altitudes' treatments. The seedling stage, shoot elongation stage, budding stage, flowering stage and fruiting stage of B. falcatum were correspondingly delayed when sowing on February 23rd, but there were no significant differences in main root length, root thickness, single root weight, plot root yield and equivalent yield between two sowing dates' treatments. With the increase of seeding amount, main root length and single root weight showed a decreasing trend, but there was no significant difference in root thickness and plot root yield. The altitude below 1 100 meters was suitable for the growth of B. falcatum. It could be sown in November and February, and the optimum sowing amount was 15.0 kg/hm², under which the comprehensive economic benefits were better.

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Evaluation of the effects of heavy metal stress on the germination characteristics of sunflower seeds and screening of flower sea varieties

YU Hua-li, WEN Si-min, ZHANG Gui-ling, DONG Chuan-jie, CHENG Qian

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 122-127. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.021

Abstract （198）

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To explore the effects of heavy metal stress on the germination of sunflower（Helianthus annuus L.） seeds and the screening cultivars of flower sea, 32 common sunflower cultivars were used as test materials. The effects of heavy metal stress on the germination rate, germination potential, germination index and average germination days were studied by using the method of Petri dish germination test and simulating heavy metal stress with solutions containing Pb²⁺, Cr⁶⁺, Cd²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ ions. Genus function method and cluster analysis were used to screen heavy metal tolerant cultivars. The results showed that heavy metal stress promoted the seed germination of most sunflower varieties at low concentration, inhibited the seed germination at high concentration, and prolonged the average days of seed germination, the tolerance to heavy metal stress varied greatly among different cultivars. The varieties with good resistance to heavy metals were Jinfugui, Moshuhuixuan, Mantianxing, Jinyongbicui, Zuiyunchang and Huoli. 10 varieties were medium resistant to heavy metal stress, such as Huangzuan, Baoshihongfang and Hongningmeng. There were 16 varieties with resistance to heavy metal stress, such as Chushuifurong, Padixiaokui and Jintaiyang.

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Application of traditional garden aesthetics in rural residential buildings from the perspective of “beautiful countryside”

MA Xiao-ming, YUAN Jing, XU Sheng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 128-133. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.022

Abstract （168）

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At present, there are many problems in the construction of beautiful countryside in some areas, such as ignoring the element connotation of rural houses in the process of realizing the construction goal, neglecting the application of Chinese traditional aesthetic thought and so on, which leads to the formalization and superficialization of the construction of beautiful countryside. This paper puts forward some suggestions on applying the Chinese traditional garden architectural aesthetics with high aesthetics to the construction of beautiful countryside, and tried to explore a relatively perfect new residential paradigm integrating the aesthetic thought of Chinese traditional garden architecture and the construction of beautiful countryside on the basis of summarizing and deducting the aesthetic thought of Chinese traditional garden architecture, in order to realize the diversification of China's beautiful rural construction, fully reflect the local conditions and customs of China's rural areas, inherit China's excellent traditional culture, and truly reflect the beauty of villages with Chinese characteristics.

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Effects of total alkaloids from Alysicarpus vaginalis L. DC. on the collagen and cytokines of rat hepatic stellate cells

TANG Yun-li, ZHENG Zuo-wen, GAN Cai-yu, LIANG Bing-jie, WEI Jian-hua, ZHANG Wen-tao, PENG Cheng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 134-138. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.023

Abstract （167）

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The anti-fibrosis mechanism of total alkaloids of Alysicarpus vaginalis （AVTA） collagen and cytokines were investigated. MTT assay was used to detect the non-toxic concentration of AVTA inhibiting the proliferation of hepatic stellate cells. And the effect of AVTA（10.00,7.00,4.90 μg/mL） on the content of typeⅠcollagen （COLⅠ）, type Ⅲ collagen （COL Ⅲ） and platelet-derived supernatant fluid growth factor （PDGF）, tumor necrosis factor （TNF-α）, insulin-like growth factor 1 （IGF 1） and Interleukin 6 （IL-6） were detected in T6 cells by ELISA. Results showed that the non-toxic concentration of AVTA inhibiting the proliferation of hepatic stellate cells was less than 13.72 μg/mL; Compared with the cells in the control group, the total alkaloid 10.00 μg/mL could inhibit the secretion of COL Ⅰ, COL Ⅲ, PDGF, TNF-α, IGF-1, IL-6 （P < 0.05 or P < 0.01）.

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Therapeutic effects of shikonin on complete Freund's adjuvant-induced rheumatoid arthritis mouse model

HUANG Jun-xia,XIE You-yin, KONG De-yi, SHAO Li-lin, ZHANG Lei-fang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 139-144. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.024

Abstract （169）

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To investigate the effect of shikonin （SHI） on rheumatoid arthritis （RA）, ICR mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, including the normal group and three experimental groups （model group, positive drug group and SHI group）. After 15 days of modeling, the drug treatment losted for 60 days. The positive drug group was given meloxicam 50 mg/（kg·d）, the SHI group was given shikonin 2 mg/（kg·d）, and the normal group and model group were given normal saline. The right ankle joint of the mice was separated, and the degree of synovial inflammation （grade 0-3）, cartilage destruction （grade 0-4） and bone infiltration were evaluated. The thymus and spleen of mice were separated and thymus index and spleen index were calculated. Histopathological evaluation and some serum biochemical indexes （including inflammatory factors and antioxidant factors） were analyzed and determined. The results showed that shikonin could significantly improve the symptoms of joint redness in mice. The levels of nitric oxide （NO）,tumor factor α （TNF-α）,interleukin 1β （IL-1β） and interleukin 6 （IL-6）,in the SHI group were significantly lower than those in the AA model group, the level of malondialdehyde （MDA） in serum as significantly lower than that in the AA model group, and the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD） was significantly higher than that in the AA model group. The difference was statistically significaht（P<0.05 or P<0.01）. Shikonin could relieve the inflammatory response of RA by reducing the level of inflammatory factors and improving the antioxidant capacity of the body.

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Optimization of extraction process of large yellow croaker oil and quality analysis

ZHAO Teng-fei, HE Su, WANG Dao-fei, LI Wan-cheng, YING Xiao-guo, MA Lu-kai, DENG Shang-gui

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 145-151. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.025

Abstract （193）

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The petroleum ether, n-hexane, ethanol, n-hexane + ethanol （3∶1, v/v） were used to extract oil from large yellow croaker, and the best extraction method was obtained through single factor experiment and response surface optimization method. The physical and chemical indexes of fish oil were detected, the gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to analyze the fatty acid composition, tocopherol, sterol, and squalene of fish oil, and cell experiment was used to detect the absorption ability of the skin to large yellow fish oil. The results showed that for four different methods, the fish oil extracted from petroleum ether was slightly better than that of the other three methods. When the extraction temperature was 70 ℃, the extraction time was 121 min, and the organic solvent volume fraction was 40 mL, the maximum yield （35.18 ± 0.16） % of fish oil could be obtained. A total of 17 fatty acids, 4 types of tocopherol, sterols （cholesterol）, and a small amount of squalene were detected by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, of which the essential fatty acid-linoleic acid was （12.20 ± 0.04） %, and α-tocopherol reached 4.23 mg/100 g. The thermal denaturation temperature of fish oil was 121.60 ℃, which was non-toxic to the skin, and could promote the absorption capacity of the skin, enhance skin gloss,make the skin moist and delicate, and relieve the dry skin.

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Determination of 18 phthalate plasticizers in liquor by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

CHEN Jun-xiu, MA Xiao-nian, ZHANG Rui-yu, LIANG Zhi-jian, LIANG Meng-jun, LI Wen-ting

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 152-156. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.026

Abstract （187）

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To establish a method for the determination of 18 phthalic acid esters in liquor by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, the samples were subjected to pretreatment such as vortex, centrifugation and n-hexane extraction, and separated by MEGA-5 chromatographic column. The multiion monitoring scanning mode（MRM）was used to determine the content of 18 phthalate esters in liquor by qualitative analysis of fragment abundance ratio and quantitative analysis by external standard method. The results showed that the linear relationship between peak area and concentration in a given standard solution concentration range was good, and the correlation coefficient was 0.994 0~0.999 8. The detection limit of dinonyl phthalate（DINP）was 3.0 mg/kg, and the detection limits of the other 17 phthalate esters were 0.1~0.2 mg/kg. The average recovery was 70%~130%, and the relative standard deviation was less than 10%. Among 36 samples, one or several phthalic acid esters were detected, and the detection rate of di-n-butyl phthalate （DBP） was the highest （47.2%）. This method had the advantages of high sensitivity, good repeatability and fast detection speed, which could be used for the detection of phthalate in liquor.

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Effects of ethanol condensation reflux extraction and ultrasonic-assisted extraction on the content of total flavonoids of Pueraria edulis

ZENG Jian-guang, XU Yu-sheng, XU Xiang, YU Zheng-yong, JIN Chen-zhong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 157-161. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.027

Abstract （235）

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Taking Pueraria edulis from different places in Yunnan Province, Guangdong Province and Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region as materials, the medicinal materials of Pueraria edulis were extracted by ethanol condensation reflux extraction and ultrasonic-assisted extraction, and the effects of different extraction methods the contents of total flavonoids in Pueraria edulis from different areas were compared. The results showed that the best extraction time of Pueraria edulis in Yunnan Province was 20 min, and that in Guangdong and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was 30 min. The yield of total flavonoids from Pueraria edulis extracted by the condensation reflux extraction method was relatively better. The content of total flavonoids of Pueraria edulis in Yunnan was the highest with an average content of 0.255 7%, while the average content of total flavonoids in Pueraria edulis in Guangdong was the lowest with an average content of 0.210 8%.

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Applicability test of microbial limit test for Yanhuanglian suppository

PANG Yun-juan, PANG Lan-ying, ZENG Jin, LIU Kang-lian, LIANG Xiao-ling, LONG Wen-zhou, XIAO Ping

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 162-166. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.028

Abstract （226）

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According to the requirements of 1105, 1106 and 1107 in the fourth part of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia （2020）,the applicability of the microbial counting method and control bacteria test for Yanhuanglian suppository was studied. The applicability research experiment in a sequential, scientific and reasonable way was carried out. The method of aerobic bacterial count was optimized by comparing the advantages of the sample solution dilution plate method and sample solution dilution membrane filtration method. The results showed that the total number of aerobic bacteria of Yanhuanglian suppository was determined by the method of dilution plate of sample solution （1∶200）, the Staphylococcus aureus test was carried out by dilution method （1 000 mL）, the Pseudomonas aeruginosa was detected by the routine method （100 mL TSB）. The method adopted was in accordance with the relevant provisions of general principles of the fourth part of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia （2020）,the reference method of preparation and applicability test of sample solution was provided for the suppository with bacteriostatic action and partial prescription components.

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Research on environment monitoring system of agricultural greenhouse based on Multi-data fusion+BP neural network

XU De-li, HUANGFU Sen-sen, LI Shu-yuan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 167-171. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.029

Abstract （188）

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A monitoring system of agricultural greenhouse based on Multi-data fusion +BP neural network was studied. A Multi-point sensor was set inside the greenhouse to avoid the problem of inaccurate measurement of a single sensor. The weighted average algorithm was used for data fusion, and the BP neural network was combined to judge the changing trend of parameters. Finally, the control strategy after decision was obtained. This study had achieved a more accurate prediction of greenhouse environmental parameters, and the parameters after Multi-data fusion were more accurate. Then, neural network training was carried out to obtain the trend of parameter changes, so as to provide a good plant growth environment for agricultural greenhouse.

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Simulation study on fertilization performance of centrifugal disc Panax notoginseng fertilizer machine

CHEN Fei-yang, LIU Cong, ZHU Yun, SUN Hai-chao, SUI Yi, YAN Yong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 172-176. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.030

Abstract （163）

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The purpose of this paper was to find out the influence of blade inclination, number of blades and travel speed on the fertilization uniformity of centrifugal disc Panax notoginseng fertilizer machine on the slope at different levels, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of centrifugal disc Panax notoginseng fertilizer machine. The physical parameters of fertilizer particles were determined by standard screening method, slope method, fine sand filling method and other methods; the leaf inclination angle, number of blades, and travel speed were selected as factors, the coefficient of variation of fertilizer particles was used as the test index, and the orthogonal simulation test of the fertilization process was carried out by EDEM software. The results showed that when the blade inclination angle was -20°, the number of blades was 4, and the travel speed of the fertilizer applicator was 0.6 m/s, the smallest coefficient of variation of fertilizer particles was 16.73%. After analysis, the influence on the coefficient of variation of fertilizer particles was as follows： blades inclination> number of blades> travel speed,blades inclination and number of blades were significant factors, and travel speed was not significant factor.

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Research on the price forecast model of agricultural products based on CNN and GRU

LI Jie-qiong, LIU Zhen

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 177-181. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.031

Abstract （210）

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In view of the fact that the existing forecast model could not accurately and rapidly predict the price of agricultural products in the large data environment, a new forecast model for the price of agricultural products based on Convolutional Neural Network（CNN）and Gated Recurrent Unit （GRU）was presented. Local features were obtained by using CNN, and time series dependence of data was attained by using GRU. Then, the features gained by the two were connected, and the predictive output was obtained through the decoder. The superiority of the model was verified by the comparative test with the traditional single model. The result showed that, compared with the traditional prediction model, the model built in this study could effectively conduct short-term prediction, and had a certain practical value for predicting the price of agricultural products.

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Design and implementation of meteorological data visualization platform based on DataV

QIU Zhong-yang, JIANG Jun, LEI Zheng-cui, HUANG Wen-yan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 182-187. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.032

Abstract （220）

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The defects of the traditional meteorological data display were analyzed comprehensively by the paper. Aiming at the problems of large amounts of meteorological data, low visualization, less analysis, research and judgment, and weak intelligent demonstration, the solution of introducing DataV technology into the visual display platform was proposed. Massive information, such as meteorological early warning, forecast, stations and service products, had been intensively displayed after analysis to provide reliable data display for decision-making bodies. In the design process of the platform, the data middle platform technology was introduced, the multithreaded B/S architecture was used to input data, the MySQL database storage service was used in the background, the Mybatis framework was used in the data interface processing, and the DataV platform was used in the fore-end of the display. The technical design scheme of the system was described, and the specific design method was given. The results of meteorological big data analysis could be reflected directly by this technical scheme. The interactivity, real-time performance and flexibility of meteorological data were improved greatly, and decision-making would become easier.

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Research on the spatial agglomeration of agricultural products trade in China

ZHAO En, LI Ming-quan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 188-195. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.033

Abstract （138）

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Based on the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2010 to 2019, the spatial autocorrelation test method and spatial econometric model were used to empirically analyze the spatial agglomeration effect and influencing factors of agricultural trade in China. The results showed that the spatial agglomeration effect existed in Chinese agricultural trade between the provinces, and the degree of spatial agglomeration gradually enhanced in recent years, and there would be spatial spillover effects for provinces with high-high aggregation; the level of mechanization, rural residents' income, the density of road network had a significant positive relationship with agricultural products trade in China, while the geographical location of each province had a significant negative relationship with it; the significant positive correlation between cattle stocks and agricultural trade reflected that the potential threat of agricultural carbon emissions to trade had not been taken seriously. In view of the above problems, some suggestions were put forward to strengthen inter-provincial and regional linkage, strengthen innovation, improve productivity according to local conditions, and improve the development of low-carbon livestock industry.

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A PEST study of sustainable e-agriculture in the context of blockchain： Perspective of supply chain management innovation

ZHAI Yi-meng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 196-201. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.034

Abstract （154）

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Eco-agriculture is an important approach to achieve sustainable development. In any country, agriculture is considered the most critical sector concerning socioeconomic development. However, the traditional agriculture supply chain severely suffers from many shortcomings, such as fraud, corruption, and information falsification. The emerging blockchain technology involving a distributed database system with multiple independent nodes exhibits many advantages, including data security and transparent traceability systems, resulting in a recent shift in the traditional agriculture model with increasing blockchain technology development. The sustainable eco-agriculture supply chain offers a key avenue for the agriculture industry to conceptualize sustainable economic activities with a concern for environmental sustainability and societal well-being. To advance the application of such technology in agriculture, either practically or theoretically, the present study conducted a PEST （political, economic, social, and technological） analysis concerning blockchain technology application in different processes from the perspective of sustainable agriculture supply management. Through this analysis, combined with three agricultural blockchain cases, blockchain-enabled eco-agriculture revealed a great development potential in China. Simultaneously, certain obstacles and challenges remained and needed to be addressed by the government （either central or local）, enterprises and individuals.

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Study on the influence of financial agricultural support subsidy on agricultural total factor productivity：Threshold effect test based on Chinese interprovincial panel data

WANG Yi-xi, YU Chen-xi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 202-208. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.035

Abstract （146）

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On the basis of using the DEA-Malmquist index method to measure agricultural total factor productivity, this paper selected the panel data of 31 provinces （municipalities and autonomous regions） from 2004 to 2020, and used the fixed effect model and the threshold effect model to test the impact of financial agricultural subsidies on agricultural total factor productivity. The results showed that there was an inverted “U” type relationship between financial agriculture and agricultural total factor productivity, which was still established after changing the measurement method, replacing explanatory variables and considering endogenous problems. When the data was divided into three regions, the study found that the inflection point came the earliest in the eastern region and the latest in the western region. The increase of investment in agricultural science and technology would delay the arrival of the inflection point between financial agriculture and agricultural total factor productivity and improve the use efficiency of financial support for agriculture.

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Further analysis of agricultural enterprise value evaluation： Based on the development of enterprise value evaluation theory and empirical review

ZHANG Zhao, XU Xue-gao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 209-213. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.036

Abstract （184）

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At the current stage of high-quality economic development, enterprises were required to take more responsibilities in environmental, social, corporate governance and other aspects. The connotation of enterprise value was gradually diversified. It was especially true for agricultural enterprises, which relied closely on the natural environment to achieve their own development and shoulder many important social responsibilities such as ensuring food security and increasing the income of farmers. Based on the existing enterprise value evaluation theories and methods, the existing research results of non-agricultural enterprise and agricultural enterprise value evaluation were combed from the perspective of economics, economics and sociology, and the future development direction of agricultural enterprise value evaluation was explored. It was believed that further research should be carried out in the future in three aspects： The diversified understanding of enterprise value, the exploration and improvement of evaluation methods, and strengthening the monetization evaluation of agricultural enterprise value.

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Analysis of agricultural products logistics demand in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region based on grey forecast

YIN Yue, CHEN Yu-ting

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 214-218. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.037

Abstract （165）

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Using MATLAB software, adopting the gray GM （1,1） model, the agricultural product output and agricultural product consumption of rural residents in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2005 to 2019 were taken as the original data to predict the agricultural product logistics demand and make a scientific analysis of the agricultural product logistics demand in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. The results showed that the demand for agricultural products logistics in Beijing City showed a gradual decline trend and would decrease to 2.28 million tons by 2024, while the demand for agricultural products in Tianjin City and Hebei Province increased steadily. In particular, the demand for agricultural products logistics in Hebei Province would increase to 67.61 million tons in 2024, which may be related to the policy of dissolving non-capital functions. Under the premise of the implementation of this policy, the effective development suggestions of agricultural products logistics in Tianjin City and Hebei Province were put forward.

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International experience and inspiration of informatization in promoting equal access to basic public services

WANG Jie-qiong, ZHANG Qian, CAO Bing-xue, SONG Tai-chun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 219-223. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.038

Abstract （150）

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Information technology and digital means had become important ways to promote the equalization of basic public services. By systematically sorting out the public service policy, information infrastructure, service means and service organization of the United Kingdom, the United States and Japan, it was suggested that China should accelerate the establishment of a continuous supply system, accelerate the popularization of information infrastructure, develop diversified subjects and construct an effective regulatory system.

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Performance evaluation of employment and poverty alleviation in the deep poverty regions of Xinjiang from the perspective of multiple subjects

WANG Hua-li, ZHANG Wan-qing, ZOU Yu, LI Xu-liang, NING Jing, XIA Hui

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 224-229. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.039

Abstract （138）

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Using the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, based on the data from the field survey of the deep poverty areas in the four southern Xinjiang prefectures, the performance evaluation of employment poverty alleviation among the government departments, enterprises, social organizations and poor households was conducted. The results showed that the comprehensive evaluation of poverty alleviation through employment was good, but the proportion of good and general was more than 50%, indicating that there were still many problems in poverty alleviation through employment that need to be improved. Therefore, it was proposed that the popularization of the employment poverty alleviation policy should be improved, the willingness of enterprises and social organizations to participate in poverty alleviation through employment needed to be improved, the practical level of skills training content provided by the government, enterprises and social organizations needed to be improved, the sustainable development of poverty alleviation through employment needed to be improved.

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SWOT analysis and countermeasure research on high quality development of konjac industry in Ankang City

XUE Huan-xia

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 230-236. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.040

Abstract （187）

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The SWOT analysis method was used to analyze the advantages,disadvantages, opportunities, and threats of the development of selenium-enriched konjac in Ankang City, and four development strategies were obtained：strength-opportunity strategies（SO）, strength-threat strategies（ST）, weakness-opportunity strategies（WO）,and weakness-threat strategies（WT）. Finally, according to the problems faced by the development of the konjac industry, it was proposed to strengthen the cooperation of production, education and research, introduce “three highs and three innovations” talents, and improve the breeding technology of konjac seeds; increase support, strengthen leading enterprises, and promote efficient development of the entire industrial chain of konjac; integrate land resources, develop under-forest planting, and expand konjac planting bases; increase technological innovation, make technological breakthroughs, and develop mid- and high-end fine products; implement brand strategy, build selenium-enriched konjac international boutique brand, and break trade barriers, to help the local konjac industry to achieve high quality development.

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Research on the influencing factors of e-commerce adoption behavior of small and micro food processing enterprises：Taking food processing enterprises in Xinjiang as an example

ABULIZI Bulibuli, WANG Ping, AIMAITIJIANG Tuerxun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 237-242. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.041

Abstract （131）

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Taking the bosses or managers of 391 small and micro food processing enterprises in Urumqi City of Xinjiang as examples, a quantitative investigation was conducted and the impact of various factors on the use of e-commerce in small and micro food processing enterprises was systematically analyzed. The results showed that the interest awareness, adoption cost, information technology knowledge and skills, and environmental factors had a positive and significant impact on the e-commerce adoption behavior of small and micro food processing enterprises, and the impact degree was different. Accordingly, the targeted rationalization suggestions were put forward. This conclusion provided a scientific basis for the practice of food processing enterprises and the formulation of related government policies in the new era.

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Research on rural spatial turn based on space production theory： Taking D village in JX Province for example

DING Xue-li

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 243-246. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.042

Abstract （145）

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As an important tool to explain spatial phenomena, space production theory breaks through the conventional thinking of space from the perspective of traditional geography and reveals the sociality of space. Under the influence of urbanization and industrialization, rural space is constantly produced and reconstructed, which also needs to be endowed with social thinking. From the perspective of space production theory, this paper focused on the rural areas of a central province, constructed a three-dimensional analysis framework composed of material space, cultural space and social space, and aimed to reveal the characteristics of rural space from materialization to social conceptualization. It was found that the rural material space had an obvious interest tendency, the cultural space was homogenized between urban and rural areas, and the social space had obvious conflicts between the government and the people. Based on the characteristics of rural space transformation, three aspects of countermeasures of setting up the concept of space sharing, protecting the unique culture of space and developing space consultation and governance were put forward, in order to enrich the dimensions of rural construction and development, and provide reference for the new rural construction and the promotion of rural revitalization strategy.

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The governance research of the relocated community from the perspective of spatial transformation：Take Y community as an example

CHEN Shao-jun, HU Chen

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 247-251. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.043

Abstract （171）

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As the epitome of China's new urbanization, relocated communities were important places to promote the modernization of grassroots governance and realize innovations. From a spatial perspective and combined with field investigations, it was found that the Y community in K City was faced with governance dilemmas such as the rupture of residents' social networks, insufficient psychological adaptation, and conflicting living habits. Based on this, it was proposed that the spatial reconstruction strategy was a powerful governance practice to deal with contradictions and conflicts under spatial evolution. The interaction of spaces, diverse participation and cultural links were important action logics to achieve community harmony, good governance and co-governance. Community committees could use the expansion of physical, psychological and cultural space to strengthens the identity of residents.

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The mechanism of enabling governance in the path of realizing rural mutual support for the aged：Based on the practice of “1+N” mutual aid elderly care service station in X village

HAN Zhen-yan, LIANG Xin-yi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (1): 252-257. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.01.044

Abstract （151）

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Under the background of the rural revitalization strategy, improving the rural mutual assistance service for the elderly was an important part of deepening the ability of rural elderly care services and building a rural elderly care service system. Based on the perspective of enabling governance, the practical operation characteristics and paths of the “1+N” type mutual assistance service station were analyzed in X village of Anhui Province. Collaborative construction of rural mutual assistance for the elderly was promoted by taking the resources integration as the basis, the empowerment of social organizations as the main body and the elderly capacity building as the center, forming the condensation of mutual assistance for the elderly construction led by the government, giving play to the external support of social organizations, and mobilizing the elderly's internal vitality. The consciousness of self-help and mutual aid of the elderly was cultivated, in order to further improve the development of rural mutual support for the elderly and provide a new idea for solving the problem of rural pension.

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Study on the relationship between water pollution and ecological economy under carbon neutral target：Taking Jiangsu Province as an example

CHEN Jia-hui

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 1-5. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.001

Abstract （356）

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The goal of carbon neutrality required the implementation of a new development concept and the promotion of high-quality development, in which water environment ecology and economic development had an important correlation. Taking Jiangsu Province as an example, principal component analysis was used to select significant representative water environmental pollution indicators in the province. Based on the environmental Kuznets curve （EKC）, the econometric model between water environmental pollution and ecological economy of Jiangsu Province was built. The results showed that the relationship models between water pollution and eco-economy in Jiangsu Province all presented an atypical EKC curve shape, and the agricultural pollution source was obviously stronger than the industrial pollution source. In the face of this situation, it should be taken targeted measures to control water environmental pollution and realize a virtuous cycle of water environmental control and ecological economic development.

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Study on the influence of agricultural industrial structure adjustment on agricultural economic growth in Shandong Province

WANG Min, WANG Zhao-hua

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 6-12. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.002

Abstract （277）

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Using agricultural statistics data from 2006 to 2020, the agricultural industrial structure of Shandong Province was conducted qualitative and quantitative analysis. By using the output value growth rate model and regression model, the contribution rate of agricultural industry sectors and agricultural industrial structure adjustment to agricultural economic growth was analyzed in Shandong Province. The results showed that planting industry had the greatest impact on agricultural economic growth, followed by animal husbandry, fishery and service industry, and forestry had the least impact on agricultural economic growth. When the output value of planting industry, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and service industry increased by 1%, the total output value of agriculture increased by 0.494%, 0.006%, 0.312%, 0.134% and 0.089%, respectively. Adjustment of agricultural industrial structure showed negative growth to agricultural economy. The grey correlation analysis method was used to analyze the influence of the internal industries of planting industry and animal husbandry on the development of planting industry and animal husbandry. It was found that the wheat yield had the greatest impact on the economic growth of planting industry, and the cotton had the smallest impact on the economic growth of planting industry; the output value of pork had the greatest impact on the economic growth of animal husbandry, while mutton had the smallest impact on the economic growth of animal husbandry, which was mainly caused by the output, market, price and innovation ability.

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Circulation of agricultural land and household income：Taking the level of agricultural mechanization as a perspective

WANG Xiang-hua, LIU Tian

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 13-19. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.003

Abstract （205）

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Through the analysis of the data of agricultural land transfer rate, comprehensive agricultural mechanization level and per capita disposable income of farmers’ families in different provinces from 2005 to 2019, the relationship between circulation of agricultural land, agricultural mechanization level and farmers’ income was examined from the macro level, and the intermediary effect mechanism was tested. At the same time, the whole country was divided into three regions： East, west and central for sub-sample regression. The results showed that from a general point of view, accelerating the circulation of agricultural land could not only significantly promote the increase of farmers’ income, but also improve the level of agricultural mechanization; the improvement of the level of agricultural mechanization could not only directly promote the increase of peasant income, but also as an intermediary variable between circulation of agricultural land and peasant income, bring about an indirect increase in peasant income. From the perspective of sub-samples, the circulation of agricultural land in different regions of the east, west and central regions all could promote the improvement of farmers’ income. The level of agricultural mechanization was positively correlated with farmers’ income, and the partial mediating effect of agricultural mechanization level was almost valid. However, the effects of circulation of agricultural land on farmers’ income and the promotion effect of agricultural mechanization on farmers’ income in the western region were significantly higher than those in the other two regions.

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Research on efficiency and influencing factors of agricultural land scale operation in Xinjiang

LIN Wen-ji, SU Xiang-hui, MA Ying, LI Shu-min, ZENG De-peng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 20-24. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.004

Abstract （212）

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Taking Xinjiang as the research object, the DEA model was used to measure the efficiency of agricultural land scale management in Xinjiang from 2005 to 2019, the improvement of inefficiency decision-making unit input redundancy was analyzed, and the Tobit model was used to further analyze the influencing factors of agricultural land scale management efficiency. The results showed that the low comprehensive efficiency of Xinjiang’s agricultural land was mainly caused by poor scale efficiency, and the inefficient decision-making units were redundant in terms of land, capital and labor. In terms of influencing factors, the total power of agricultural machinery and the amount of chemical fertilizer had a positive impact on the efficiency of agricultural land scale operations; the use of pesticides and diesel had a negative impact on the efficiency of agricultural land scale operations. Based on this, suggestions were put forward to speed up the transfer of land, encourage the transfer of surplus rural labor, optimize the allocation of production factors, and strengthen agricultural scientific and technological innovation to improve the efficiency of agricultural land scale operation.

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Study on fresh vegetable consumption of planting structure adjustment in Yunnan Province under the background of rural revitalization

MAO Zhao-qing, CHEN Liang-zheng, DONG Xiao-bo, YANG Fang, LI Liang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 25-30. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.005

Abstract （214）

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The relevant data of crop sowing area, grain crop sowing area, various non-grain crops sowing area, vegetable crop sowing area, vegetable and various crops output and residents’ per capita consumption of fresh vegetables in Yunnan Province were selected from 2002 to 2019, and the grey relational analysis method was used to analyze its correlation degree. The results showed that the correlation degree from large to small between the per capita fresh vegetable consumption of residents in Yunnan Province and the sowing area of grain crops, various non grain crops and vegetable crops were tobacco crops, sugar crops, oil crops, grain crops, other crops and vegetable crops. The correlation degree from large to small between the per capita fresh vegetable consumption of residents in Yunnan Province and the output of various crops in vegetables were melon vegetables, aquatic vegetables, chinese cabbage vegetables, rhizome vegetables, leafy vegetables, eggplant and fruit vegetables, scallion and garlic vegetables, cabbage vegetables and vegetable beans vegetables. The adjustment of vegetable planting area had a small correlation with residents’ per capita fresh vegetable consumption. Among the nine major crop varieties in vegetables, the output of melon vegetables, aquatic vegetables, chinese cabbage vegetables and rhizome vegetables had a large correlation with the per capita fresh vegetable consumption of residents. The output of the other five crops had a low correlation with the per capita fresh vegetable consumption of residents. In order to speed up the transformation and upgrading of Yunnan Province vegetable industry, some countermeasures and suggestions were put forward, such as adjusting and optimizing the regional layout of planting industry according to local conditions, adjusting vegetable sowing area closely following the changes of market demand, excavating local characteristics and cultivating high-quality vegetables.

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The effect of labor force transfer and farmland transfer on agricultural land utilization efficiency：Taking Anhui Province as an example

DAI Yun, ZHANG You-qin, GAO Yu-jia, WU Jiu-xing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 31-34. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.006

Abstract （249）

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Data envelopment analysis （DEA） model was used to analyze the impact of labor transfer and farmland transfer on farmland utilization efficiency in 13 prefecture level cities of Anhui Province. The results showed that more than 50% of agricultural land in 13 prefecture level cities did not achieve the optimal comprehensive use efficiency, and there were various reasons for the low efficiency of agricultural land transfer. Finally, the policy suggestions were put forward, such as improving the policy measures, promoting the increase of agricultural production and farmers’ income, protecting farmers’ various property rights and interests, and promoting the rational allocation of agricultural land resources.

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Comprehensive evaluation of rural regional economy in the development of the western region in China

DENG Guo-xian, XU Zhong-yu, LIN Shu-heng, LI Li-ju, LU Tao, ZHOU Jing-hua

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 35-41. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.007

Abstract （188）

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Based on the panel data of rural regional economic development indicators of 12 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the development of the western region in China in 2019, 15 evaluation indicators were selected, and the factor analysis method was used to make a comprehensive score and ranking of their rural regional economic development. The results showed that the comprehensive scores ranked from high to low were Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Guangxi and Sichuan, and the comprehensive scores of these five regions were all positive, and they were the regions with high level of rural regional economic development in the development of the western region in China; the other regions （Ningxia, Yunnan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Gansu, Qinghai and Tibet） had negative comprehensive scores, and they were the regions with low level of economic development in rural areas; there were obvious differences in the rural regional economic development of the 12 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in the development of the western region in China in 2019. Based on the current situation of rural regional economic development in the development of the western region in China, some suggestions were put forward to promote the development of rural regional economy in the development of the western region in China, including paying attention to the gradient classification in the policy construction level, promoting diversified cultivation in the rural industry level, and strengthening the guarantee in the resource element level.

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Study on the potential advantages of agricultural trade between China and five Central Asian countries under the background of “the Belt and Road Initiative”

DUAN Kai

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 42-46. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.008

Abstract （257）

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The trade integration index（TII） analysis method was used to analyze the potential advantages of agricultural trade between China and five Central Asian countries based on the trade import and export data between China and five Central Asian countries from 2010 to 2019. The results showed that the trade potential advantages between China and the five Central Asian countries were in descending order： China-Kyrgyzstan, China-Kazakhstan, China-Uzbekistan, China-Tajikistan and China-Turkmenistan. China-Kyrgyzstan, China-Kazakhstan, China-Uzbekistan and China-Tajikistan had close trade links with large trade potential advantages, while China-Turkmenistan had the loosest trade links with small trade potential advantages. Compared with the other four Central Asian countries, China-Kyrgyzstan showed greater potential advantages in animal products, plant products and agricultural products. China-Kazakhstan had great trade potential advantages in plant products and agricultural products. In the four categories of trade of agricultural products, China-Kyrgyzstan had shown great trade potential advantages; China-Tajikistan had great potential advantages in the trade of plant products, animal fat products and animal products. China-Turkmenistan showed great potential advantages in the trade of plant products. China-Uzbekistan showed great potential advantages in the trade of plant products and animal oil products.

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Comparative advantage of agricultural trade between China and five Central Asian countries under the background of “the Belt and Road Initiative”

DUAN Kai

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 47-49. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.009

Abstract （212）

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Under the background that the joint construction of “The Belt and Road” would bring both opportunities and challenges to China’s agricultural trade, based on the agricultural products import and export trade data of China and five Central Asian countries from 2010 to 2019, the revealed comparative advantage （RCA） index was used to analyze the comparative advantage of agricultural products trade between China and five Central Asian countries. The results showed that compared with the five Central Asian countries, China’s overall comparative advantage of agricultural products trade was weaker, only higher than Turkmenistan, and much lower than Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. In the specific classification, no matter animal products, plant products, animal oil products or agricultural products, all showed weaker comparative advantages. Therefore, under “the Belt and Road Initiative”, China should continuously optimize the trade structure of agricultural products import and export between China and the five Central Asian countries; in order to meet the changing needs of trade transactions, it should be improved the level of infrastructure services, further improved and implemented the customs reservation service system for goods clearance and improved the reservation rate of goods clearance; it should be strengthened in-depth cooperation in agricultural trade between China and five Central Asian countries and improved China’s comparative advantage in agricultural trade.

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An analysis of agricultural trade competitiveness between China and five Central Asian countries under the background of “the Belt and Road Initiative”

DUAN Kai

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 50-53. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.010

Abstract （315）

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Under “the Belt and Road Initiative”, based on the import and export trade data of agricultural products between China and five Central Asian countries from 2010 to 2019, the trade competitiveness index （TC） was used to analyze the agricultural product trade competitiveness between China and five Central Asian countries. The results showed that, from the perspective of overall agricultural trade, the overall competitiveness of China’s agricultural products was at a relative disadvantage, only higher than Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan. From the classification of agricultural products trade, it had strong competitiveness in animal products and agricultural products, but weak competitiveness in plant products and animal and vegetable oil products. Trade in agricultural products between China and the five Central Asian countries was still at an early stage. Increasing the scale and quality of bilateral trade was an important task at present. Based on this, China should cultivate green superior agricultural products, break through green barriers, take the road of sustainable development, and improve the quality and competitiveness of agricultural products; train high-quality agricultural personnel, increase the number of agricultural research institutions, strengthen the construction of the education and cultivation system, and improve the ability to transform and apply agricultural research results; strengthen policy support, foster more specialized and large-scale agricultural export enterprises, and give full play to market leadership.

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Farmers’ willingness to participate in rural tourism development and its influencing factors：Taking Tianguan Royal Residence Scenic Spot as an example

HUA Meng-rui, Ayituerxun Shamuxi, XING Yue

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 54-57. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.011

Abstract （213）

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105 peasant households near Tianguan Royal Residence Scenic Spot were investigated, and the Logistic regression model was established by selecting individual characteristics of farmers, family characteristics of farmers, cognitive characteristics of farmers on rural tourism development and characteristics of tourists as explanatory variables. The willingness of farmers to participate in the development of rural tourism in Tianguan Royal Residence Scenic Spot and its influencing factors were analyzed. The results showed that from the perspective of participation, 78 of the 105 households surveyed were willing to participate in the development of Tianguan Royal Residence Scenic Spot, while 27 were unwilling to participate. From the perspective of influencing factors on participation, the age of farmers was the most important factor affecting their willingness to participate in the Tianguan Royal Residence Scenic Spot, followed by the distance from their homes to the scenic spot, the consumption level of tourists, the increase of their family income, and the education level of farmers. Among them, the education level of farmers and the distance from their homes to the scenic spot had negative impacts on farmers’ willingness to participate, and the rest factors were positive.

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Research on the coupling of rural tourism and rural revitalization in Henan Province

KANG Yan, FAN Fan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 58-61. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.012

Abstract （203）

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The coupling of rural tourism and rural revitalization in Henan Province was selected as a case to analyze its development stage. The results showed that the coupling and coordination degree between rural tourism and rural revitalization was from 0.327 0 to 0.883 2, showing a steady upward trend as a whole. The coupling and coordination degree was higher than 0.5, and the state changed from an endangered maladjustment state to a coordinated state in 2013, and then entered a benign coordinated state in 2018. In addition, the growth rate of the coupling and coordination degree was declining or even negative in the later period of 2010 to 2020, indicating that the coupling development of rural tourism and rural revitalization in Henan Province still needed to increase investment, promote the integrated development of the two, better implement the beautiful new rural construction, achieve industrial transformation and development, deeply tap the potential value of the countryside, and improve the construction of a development system for rural tourism and rural revitalization.

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Development strategy of red tourism based on SWOT-AHP model：Taking Yan’an City as an example

JIAO Jun-tong, JIN Mei-juan, LI Yue

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 62-67. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.013

Abstract （293）

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Red tourism plays an important role in national cultural identity. It is of great significance for the development of China’s red tourism to formulate long-term development strategies from a strategic perspective. Taking Yan’an City as an example, based on the questionnaire data from experts, the research on the development of red tourism was carried out by adopting SWOT-AHP model. The results showed that the development of red tourism in Yan’an City should give priority to the pioneering driven strategy, and the strategic intensity coefficient ρ=0.974>0.5, so it was advisable to take positive pioneering strategic measures; its development should rely on advantages, take advantage of opportunities, and choose “S（advantage）-O（opportunity）-T1（homogeneous and vicious competition, threat）”development paths, which was the core strategy for the development of red tourism industry of Yan’an. It was suggested that the development of the red tourism in Yan’an should give full play to the advantages of resources and location, strengthen publicity efforts, keep close to the industrial public policy, and maintain the strategy drive; clear development orientation, make overall planning, formulate differentiated development routes, stagger development, and reduce strategy risks to realize the sustainable development of red tourism in Yan’an.

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Moral hazard and its governance in poverty alleviation by tourism in the post poverty alleviation era

WANG Hui-zhan, LI Si-si, DING Cong-cong, WANG Ruo-chen, WANG Shao-meng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 68-73. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.014

Abstract （185）

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In the field of poverty alleviation by tourism, which plays an important role in China’s poverty alleviation practice, due to the widespread existence of information asymmetry, moral hazard problems occur one after another in different levels of agents such as local grass-roots governments, poverty alleviation enterprises by tourism and residents in poor areas. The research showed that local grass-roots governments and poverty alleviation enterprises by tourism were prone to moral risks such as “supporting false poverty” and “false poverty alleviation”, while residents in poverty-stricken areas were prone to moral risks such as “non-poverty pretending poverty”, “supporting but not doing”, “rich but not retreating”. Through the attribution analysis of the above moral risks, the ways and countermeasures to manage the moral risks of poverty alleviation by tourism in the post poverty alleviation era were analyzed from two aspects： reducing the information asymmetry of poverty alleviation by tourism and restraining the opportunistic tendency of stakeholders of poverty alleviation by tourism.

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Construction of tourism function evaluation system in Qinling characteristic towns of Shangluo City

LIU Long-long, WANG Fan, ZAHNG Bing-xin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 74-78. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.015

Abstract （191）

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The construction of Qinling characteristic towns is conducive to the economic development of Shangluo City, and the construction of a characteristic town tourism function evaluation system is conducive to promoting the development and upgrading of tourism in Qinling characteristic towns of Shangluo City. Based on the collection of a large number of documents and field survey data, the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method were used to construct a tourism function evaluation system, and questions were raised and countermeasures were givn to Qinling characteristic towns through evaluation. A Qinling characteristic town tourism function evaluation system with 12 indicators and three levels of natural environment, ornamental value, and scenic spot facilities services had been constructed by the analytic hierarchy process. The evaluation results showed that the weight of the natural environment was the highest, with the weight of 0.637 0, while the weight of the service facilities in the scenic area was the lowest, with the weight of 0.104 8. Among the specific indicators, air quality and water quality had high weight, but tourist rest areas and catering services had low weight. On the whole, the score of the tourist function evaluation index in Qinling characteristic town of Shangluo City was 0.66, indicating that the Qinling characteristic town was generally well-developed. However, it had the lowest score on the two indicators of internal transportation and accommodation services in the scenic area. In order to better play the tourism function of Qinling characteristic towns, it was necessary to further improve the accommodation environment, and strengthen the construction of internal and external traffic in the scenic area.

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An empirical study on the willingness of rural labors return and scientific transfer in China under the background of new-type agriculture

XIA Xiao-rong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 79-85. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.016

Abstract （200）

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In order to explore the return of rural labors, the current situation of rural labors under new-type agriculture was analyzed. Firstly, based on the labors return theory and logistic model, the return willingness of labors in rural areas of China was studied. Secondly, the spatial effect was introduced to explore the scientific transfer of labors. Finally, the correlation analysis of the influencing factors of the rural labors return willingness was carried out. The results showed that age, cultivated land area, and social environment of migrant workers and hometown had significant impacts on labor return. The rural labors were mainly transferred to economically developed areas. The main reasons for the transfer included rural income, the proportion of non-agricultural industries, culture and fiscal expenditure.

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Analysis on the behavior of resumption of migrant workers’ work under the Covid-19 epidemic

SHI Miao-miao, XIA Chun-ping, WANG Cui-cui, TONG Qing-meng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 86-92. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.017

Abstract （159）

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Based on the theory of human behavior from a multi-dimensional perspective, and 632 survey data of resumption of migrant workers’ work in May 2020, the Probit-ISM model was used to analyze the factors affecting whether migrant workers returned to work, and the multiple Logit model was used to analyze the factors affecting the types of work resumed. The results showed that the situation of migrant workers returning to work was generally good and they mainly returned to their original units. The cognition of employment risk was the direct driving factor of their choice of resumption behavior, while individual, environment and institution were the indirect influencing factors. The government should establish and improve the multi-level social security system for migrant workers, reduce the unemployment risk of migrant workers and improve the quality of employment.

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Effect of heterogeneity of rural labors transfer employment on family income：Based on the survey in Hejing County

GONG Chen-hao, WANG Hua-li

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 93-97. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.018

Abstract （173）

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The influence of heterogeneity of rural labors transfer employment on family income was studied to establish the theoretical support and multi-dimensional realization path to promote labor employment and income. Based on three dimensions of labor personal characteristics, family characteristics and employment characteristics, the investigation data of 280 labors in Hejing County of Xinjiang were used to explore the impact mechanism of labors transfer employment on the per capita income of the family by constructing the multiple linear regression model. The results showed that, in terms of personal characteristics, the age of labor, professional skills and education level had a significant impact on the per capita income of the family; in terms of family characteristics, the number of employed people, the area of cultivated land per capita, population dependency ratio and the distance from home to the county had a significant impact on the per capita income of the family; in terms of employment characteristics, employment industry, employment location, employment training, enterprise scale and whether to sign contracts had a significant impact on the per capita income of the family. On this basis, the corresponding measures were put forward to promote the transfer employment of labors, and increase the family income.

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Outstanding problems and optimization path of digital rural construction：Taking Anhui Province as an example

CHEN Yun-jiao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 98-102. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.019

Abstract （201）

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Based on the field survey, the typical practices and outstanding problems in the pilot areas of digital rural construction in Anhui Province were explored, and the results showed that some pilot villages formed typical practices of rural digital governance, agricultural production intelligence, new farmer literacy digitization, and new rural economic model. The mismatch between planning and demand, the imperfection of the digital service system, the delay in the construction of digital facilities, the lack of digital professionals, and the weak awareness of digital empowerment of villagers were the problems that needed to be solved at present. Based on this, the paper proposed the optimized path of policy content planning, internal talent empowerment, the activation of the main market, the integration and development of digital elements, the dual recruitment and the accumulation of financial intelligence, and the consolidation of the foundation to promote the revitalization of digital rural construction in Anhui Province.

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Measurement and spatial distribution of rural households’ digital capital in Shandong Province

HUANG Fei-fei, XU Xiu-mei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 103-110. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.020

Abstract （171）

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Based on the digital capital framework created by Ragneda for reference, the indicator system of rural households’ digital capital in Shandong Province was constructed, and the level of rural households’ digital capital was measured using the entropy method and K-means clustering algorithm. With the help of ArcGIS and GeoDa software, the spatial correlation analysis method was used to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of rural households’ digital capital. The research showed that there were differences in the contribution of the three economic circles to the overall digital capital of rural households in Shandong Province; rural households’ digital contact level was higher than their digital application ability. The digital capital of rural households showed a strong spatial positive correlation, and there were high-high clustering and low-low clustering. Finally, the corresponding policy recommendations were put forward.

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Research on digital back-feeding of rural elderly groups based on SWOT analysis

KONG Ya-ru, WANG Xiao-hang, FENG Meng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 111-115. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.021

Abstract （227）

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Through SWOT analysis, this paper discussed the advantages and disadvantages of the digital back-feeding model for the rural elderly groups, and analyzed the opportunities and threats from the external factors. The aging social atmosphere could be improved by building an efficient development strategic framework to promote the operation of digital back-feeding, giving full play to the leading role of the policy, increasing the willingness of the rural elderly groups to digital back-feeding, and enhancing their digital literacy.

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Research on farmers’ willingness to apply digital agricultural technology and its influencing factors：Taking the sixth division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps as an example

LIU Ying, WANG Hua-li

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 116-124. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.022

Abstract （173）

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Based on the theoretical analysis, the hypothesis of factors that might affect farmers’ technology application intention was put forward, the structural equation model was established from farmers’ individual characteristics, family characteristics, technical cognition, technical service perception, technical characteristics perception and technical benefit perception according to the field survey data of 314 farmers, and the multi-group analysis based on the individual characteristics of farmers was conducted. The hypothesis results indicated that technical characteristics perception had the greatest impact, followed by individual characteristics, family characteristics and technical service perception, and technical cognition and technical benefit perception had the least impact. The multi-group analysis result indicated that age, whether to attend cooperatives and whether to be the staff of corps （company） showed significant differences in the effect of technical characteristics and technical benefit perception, technical cognition, and family characteristics on technology application willingness, while gender and cultural level showed no significant difference. Some individual characteristics of farmers would affect other factors, thus affecting their willingness to apply technology. Based on this, some countermeasures and suggestions to promote farmers’ active application of digital agricultural technology were put forward.

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Construction of social e-commerce model for fresh agricultural products based on private domain traffic

WU Sheng-liang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 125-127. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.023

Abstract （240）

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Based on the basic logic of private domain traffic operation, the social e-commerce model of fresh agricultural products had been constructed. Fresh agricultural product operators should achieve the purpose of traffic acquisition through activity stimulation, multi-channel collection and other ways. On this basis, WeChat friends circle, WeChat community, WeChat official account, etc. were used to realize the realization of traffic, and traffic redevelopment was carried out through KOL fission innovation and big data precision operation. The social e-commerce model of fresh agricultural products based on private domain traffic had changed the traditional agricultural product sales model, and solved the problem of the connection to a large extent between agricultural products and consumers and the last mile of fresh agricultural product sales.

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Research on structure, features and the evolution path of agricultural product e-commerce ecosystem

WANG Xu-lei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 128-133. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.024

Abstract （173）

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Based on the actual situation of the development of e-commerce for agricultural products, the composition and structure of e-commerce ecosystem for agricultural products were analyzed by using the theory of business ecosystem, the characteristics of e-commerce ecosystem for agricultural products were clarified, the evolution path of agricultural product e-commerce ecosystem in its initial stage, expansion stage, mature stage and decline and reconstruction stage was analyzed, and then specific suggestions to accelerate the development of agricultural product e-commerce from the perspective of business ecosystem were put forward.

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Integration of China’s new urbanization and rural revitalization strategy：Historical evolution, challenges and realization path

NIE Zhen-hai, BAO Xue-xiong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 134-139. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.025

Abstract （284）

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In view of the increasingly serious agricultural and rural problems in China, within the framework of the new urbanization and rural revitalization strategy, this paper briefly described the relevant achievements in the research field of urban-rural relations in recent years through literature, and summarized the historical evolution of China’s urbanization and rural development since the reform and opening up. The study found that at present, the integration of China’s new urbanization and rural revitalization strategy still faced challenges such as the inequality of basic public services between urban and rural areas, the insufficient play of the main role of farmers, the concentration of rural production factors to the cities, the institutional obstacles to the free flow of urban and rural areas, and the significant regional differences in urban-rural integration, which were becoming the crux of the Party’s line, principles and policies that couldn’t be fully implemented. Therefore, based on China’s basic national conditions, the key path for the organic integration of the two strategies at the two levels of new urbanization and rural revitalization strategy was found： first, adhering to fairness and justice and realizing the rational allocation of various resources in urban and rural areas; second, adhering to the people-oriented principle and building the “co-construction, co-governance and sharing” model; third, adhering to the core of land and promoting the flow of production factors between urban and rural areas; fourth, giving priority to industries and using cities to drive rural endogenous power; fifth, adhering to local conditions and promoting the innovation of urban-rural integration model.

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The realistic predicament and optimization strategy of local urbanization in Southern Jiangsu under the background of new urbanization

SHEN Wen-ke

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 140-143. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.026

Abstract （180）

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By combing the historical process of urbanization development in Southern Jiangsu and combining with the field survey of urbanization construction in Southern Jiangsu, it was found that there were practical dilemmas such as insufficient coordination between small towns and metropolitan areas, lack of internal motivation for the community construction, the uneven distribution of education and medical resources, and radical urbanization in the local area. Based on this problem, the optimization strategies were put forward such as scientifically grasping the urban positioning, strengthening the ability to connect the city and serve the countryside, reshaping the vitality of community construction, improving the supply of medical and educational resources, and adhering to people-oriented and steadily promote urbanization.

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Study on the coupling and coordinated development of urbanization and ecological environment in Karamay City

YANG Fan, Anwaer Maimaitiming, Alimujiang Kasimu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 144-149. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.027

Abstract （170）

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Taking Karamay City, Xinjiang as the research object, the urbanization and ecological environment indicator system was consturcted to study, the comprehensive development level and coupling coordination degree relationship between urbanization and ecological environment in Karamay City from 2008 to 2019 by using the entropy method and coupling coordination degree model. The results showed that the comprehensive development level of urbanization and ecological environment in Karamay City was on the rise, and the development level of the two systems had a small gap; the coupling coordination degree increased from 0.471 0 in 2008 to 0.881 7 in 2019 during the study period, with a relatively high overall level; the coupling and coordinated development of urbanization and ecological environment could be divided into five types： the near imbalance type, the reluctant coupling and coordination type, the primary coupling and coordination type, the intermediate coupling and coordination type, and the good coupling and coordination type. The overall development trend was on the rise. Therefore, some suggestions were put forward, such as correctly understaning the dynamic coupling relationship between urbanization and ecological environment, adoping appropriate urbanization development strategies, paing attention to the speed of development while ensuring the quality of development, taking the road of green development, and taking the road of coordinated development of urbanization and ecological environment.

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Analysis on coupling coordination level and influencing factors of “production- living-ecology” function in rural areas of Gansu Province

LI Cai-yu, YUAN Yong-sheng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 150-154. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.028

Abstract （264）

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In order to explore the development status and coupling coordination level of rural “production-living-ecology” function in Gansu Province, an evaluation index system was built, and the coupling coordination characteristics of rural “production-living-ecology” functions in Gansu Province from 2011 to 2020 were analyzed by using comprehensive development evaluation model and coupling coordination degree model. And the obstacle degree model was used to find out the influencing factors that restricted the development of rural production, living and ecology. The results showed that the comprehensive development level of “production-living-ecology” function was improving year by year, and the coupling coordination level had gradually evolved from serious imbalance to high-quality coordination. The average annual growth rate of coupling coordination degree from 2011 to 2016 was higher than that from 2017 to 2020. Obstacles to the development of rural production,living and ecology in Gansu Province from 2011 to 2016 mainly focused on ecology function, while obstacles from 2017 to 2020 mainly focused on production function.

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Assessment and recommendations on the sustainable development of migrant livelihoods under the background of rural revitalization：Taking Shiquan County, Shaanxi Province as an example

ZHANG Yi-jin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 155-160. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.029

Abstract （187）

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152 resettled migrants in Shiquan County, Shaanxi Province were selected as the research objects, and the “livelihood capital-sustainability” framework was constructed using the entropy right method to study the sustainable status of the livelihood of relocated farmers. The results showed that the immigrants in Shiquan County showed the characteristics of aging and low technology level in terms of human capital, natural capital could not guarantee the agricultural livelihood income of immigrants, the construction of physical capital infrastructure was better, but the awareness of group maintenance was not strong, the agricultural production development projects under financial capital played an income support role in livelihood, but the family capital stock was low, social capital was limited to village exchanges, endogenous power was sufficient, but the popularization of higher education was insufficient. Therefore, some suggestions of guiding immigrants to participate in cooperatives by the government, cultivating characteristic industries and forming a “brand cultivation-promotion-scale” chain, strengthening vocational skills training and building a platform, and promoting the deepening of the development of regional education industry were put forward.

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Analysis on the formation logic and governance path of settlement hollowing in China-Myanmar border area under the background of rural revitalization strategy

CAO Zhi-jie, TAN Meng-yu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 161-165. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.030

Abstract （286）

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The implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, the belt and road initiative, and the policies to revitalize border areas and enrich the people have made the southwest border area at the forefront of China’s opening-up. The hollowing out of China’s southwest border is related to a series of issues such as territorial security, economic construction and development, population migration and flow in China’s border areas. This article analyzed the causes and influences of border area hollowing from the perspective of micro and macro, proposed that the governance of hollowing in border areas should take security as the premise, stability as the guarantee and development as the key, and put forward relevant suggestions from multi-subject and multi-perspectives at the micro level, which had important theoretical and practical significance for the hollowing out of China’s border areas.

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Research on the blocking path of farmers’ return to poverty from the perspective of complexity

ZHOU Kun, WANG Jin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 166-172. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.031

Abstract （147）

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The theoretical deduction method was used to study the early warning mechanism of farmers’ return to poverty from the perspective of complexity, and the blocking strategy of returning to poverty based on the characteristics of tourism industry was put forward. The study found that the industrial complexity and resource dependence significantly affected the industrial sustainability of tourism poverty alleviation area, determined the livelihood vulnerability and resilience of tourism poverty alleviation farmers, and promoted the degree of returning to poverty and state transformation of poverty alleviation farmers. From the perspective of evolution mechanism, the return of tourism poverty-stricken farmers to poverty went through at least four stages of potential, initial phase, representation and chaos, which were manifested in four states of interference, tremor, disorder and error. External forces could be observed and evaluated through indicators such as career change, income increase and decrease, employment attitude and living conditions. Based on the perspective of industrial complexity, some measures to block the path of returning to poverty were put forward, such as the dominance and equity of local capital, encouraging farmers’ part-time behavior, improving the toughness of industrial organization and enhancing the enthusiasm of industrial elites for three-time distribution.

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Research on the influence of livelihood capital on farmers’ choice of living energy consumption under the “double carbon” goal

WANG Xin, GAO Jie, ZHU Li-xiang, WANG Ping

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 173-178. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.032

Abstract （150）

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Based on the special investigation data of Zhejiang, Shaanxi and Henan Province from 2017 to 2018, the impact of household livelihood capital status on household energy consumption from five dimensions was analyzed by using the multiple linear regression model. The results showed that social capital, material capital and financial capital had a significant positive impact on commodity energy consumption, but they had a significant negative impact on non-commodity energy consumption. Human capital had a significant positive impact on the consumption of liquefied gas, electricity, straw and solar energy, but it had a significant negative impact on coal consumption. In addition, other factors such as the age of household heads were significant factors affecting household energy consumption. The research showed that implementing the strategy of rural revitalization and high-quality development, guiding livelihood capital and promoting the integrated development of urban and rural areas would help mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers to use green energy, further improve the rural energy consumption situation, and promote the green, low-carbon and circular development of the energy system.

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Study on the influencing factors of border farmers’ participation in rural construction under the background of rural revitalization

Rumeiha Erbujiang, YANG Xiao-ping, KUANG Yan-chang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 179-182. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.033

Abstract （161）

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Based on the field survey data of farmers in southern Xinjiang, the behavior occurrence of farmers’ participation in rural construction cognition was taken as the logical starting point, and the main factors that affected the participation of farmers in rural construction in the border areas from the perspective of development cognition and development ability were analyzed. The results showed that the higher the degree of household part-time employment and the deeper the cognition of the importance of rural construction, the higher the possibility of farmers’ participation in rural construction behavior. The better the family economic level, the higher the satisfaction perception of village development, and the less the awareness of policy, the lower the possibility for the participation of farmers in rural construction behavior. In general, development cognition could drive farmers’ enthusiasm to participate in rural construction more than development ability. Therefore, it was necessary to improve farmers’ awareness and development ability from the aspects of policy publicity and development of cooperative economy.

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Reconstruction of village community and environmental protection practice：Based on the sociological observation of Shenzuo village, Tibetan village in western Sichuan

DUAN Yu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 183-187. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.034

Abstract （155）

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Taking Shenzuo village of Tibetan village in western Sichuan Province as an example, the practice of local environmental protection mainly from the two aspects of the end and reconstruction of the village community was discussed. The survey found that the surge of village population caused by the impact of market economy and the fission of the original rural collective consciousness made the rural communities face the crisis of ending and cause great obstacles to the construction of rural ecological civilization. By vigorously developing tourism, the local government had not only constructed a new collective consciousness of “protecting the environment-tourism development and increasing income-further protecting the environment”, but also strengthened the villagers’ actual recognition of the community. At the same time, the villagers and the local government actively participated in the excavation of the local traditional knowledge and culture, which promoted the final reconstruction of the village community, and thus the local environmental protection practice also had a new foundation.

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Measurement standards, potential risks and practical strategies for the identification of relative poverty in rural areas

HE Jing-wei, SUN Zi-yue

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 188-192. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.035

Abstract （146）

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After eliminating absolute poverty, China has entered the stage of relative poverty governance. The premise of relative poverty governance is to identify the relative poor. Different from the absolute poverty governance stage, relative poverty governance not only solves the “poverty” of income, but also alleviates the “predicament” of development. Therefore, the single-dimensional income standard is difficult to cope with the complex identification work of the relative poverty population. Therefore, through the analysis of the measurement standard and potential risks of rural relative poverty identification, the practical strategy of multidimensional measurement standard of rural relative poverty identification was proposed, so as to improve the aim of relative poverty identification.

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Interest and justice：The attribution of different political participation behaviors of villagers in the renovation of rural human settlement environment：Based on the research in P County, Shanxi Province

LI Na-chuan, WANG Wen-chang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 193-198. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.036

Abstract （265）

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At the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee, the goal of “promoting green development and promoting harmonious coexistence between man and nature” was put forward. As an important part of promoting green development and realizing rural revitalization, the improvement of rural living environment is particularly important. To a large extent, the effective completion of rural human settlement environment improvement depends on the extensive participation of villagers. Based on the investigation of village governance practices in P County, it was found that under the stimulation of different factors and different intensities, villagers showed different levels of participation in the renovation of human settlements. Under the combined action of interest incentive and system justice, villagers showed the participation form of profit-driving, conformity and autonomy under different intensities. Interest incentive factors were determined by the positive incentive and reverse punishment, while institutional justice was composed of assessment justice and opportunity justice. In the improvement of rural human settlement environment, the effective and orderly political participation of villagers could be promoted and the sustainable development of rural human settlement environment could be realized, only by constantly improving the interest incentive mechanism and strengthening the system justice mechanism.

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The realistic thoughts and development way of rural culture revitalization

WANG Mei-jun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 199-204. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.037

Abstract （183）

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Rural cultural revitalization can provide endogenous impetus for rural revitalization, enhance the overall spiritual outlook of rural areas, and provide police support and institutional guarantee for cultural self-construction and development. However, the rural cultural revitalization is still faced realistic difficulties such as the insufficient leadership of the government, local culture away, the reconstruction of local custom civilization, the absence of the main body of rural cultural revitalization, and inadequate function of public cultural space. The overall spiritual outlook of the countryside could be enhanced and the revitalization of rural culture could be realized by further improving government’s functions, and playing its leading role; revitalizing the local culture and cultivating new customs of local civilization; giving play to the main force to form the overall “resultant force” of rural culture revitalization; improving the construction of modern public cultural facilities to enhance the field significance of public cultural activity space.

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Influencing factors of bridging the digital divide for middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas

CHENG Xiang-long, WANG Huan, LIANG Shuang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 205-209. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.038

Abstract （192）

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The 2021 special survey data on the internet use of middle-aged and elderly people in Jiangsu Province was used. Based on the theory of planned behavior, taking whether to use the internet as the measurement index, single factor analysis and Logistic regression were used to analyze the factors causing the digital divide among the middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas. The results showed that there were significant differences in age, educational background, marital status and self-rated health among the middle-aged and elderly in rural areas. The elderly and those with low educational backgrounds were more likely to face the digital divide; the positive attitude of the rural middle-aged and elderly towards the internet, the internet use of their peers and their personal willingness to learn could significantly promote their internet use and reduce the probability of facing the digital divide. According to the results, it was considered that in the process of bridging the digital divide between the middle-aged and the elderly in rural areas, the elderly and those with low educational backgrounds should be paid attention to and their subjective initiative should be given full play.

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Path optimization of resources integration of rural mutual support for the aged from the perspective of digital countryside

CHEN Ji-hua, CAI Qin-shan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 210-215. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.039

Abstract （143）

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With the continuous implementation of digital rural strategy, rural mutual support for the elderly model ushered in new opportunities. However, after descriptive statistical analysis of CGSS2017 data, it was found that there were still cognitive differences in mutual support for the elderly, difficult coordination of multiple subjects, and difficult integration of service resources. In the process of promoting the construction of digital rural governance, the service resource integration theory was playing an increasingly important role. The dynamic link between supply and demand, the method of promoting diversified governance of the main body and the method of improving the service platform contained in the theory were of guiding significance for solving the dilemma of rural mutual pension service. Based on the theoretical perspective of service resource integration, four optimal paths were proposed： building the dynamic information management database, giving full play to the feedback and optimization function of the digital platform, realizing the matching between supply and demand of rural mutual care for the aged, and establishing the mechanism of urban-rural integration and mutual aid development.

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Principles, barriers and ways of rescue of rural “Time Bank” under the background of rural revitalization

ZHAO Shuang-shuang, LI Jing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 216-219. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.040

Abstract （208）

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Compared with the “9073” or “9064” mode of urban pension supply, the rural pension is mainly family-based, and the intergenerational support of children is the main way of rural pension. However, with the deepening of the aging degree in China, the traditional family endowment function becomes less and smaller, and the endowment issue has become an important issue of people’s livelihood. It wass urgent to innovate the social pension path, make up for the shortage of family pension supply to actively improve the life of the rural elderly, and let the rural elderly enjoy their old age. Based on Habermas’ communicative community theory, this paper analyzed the growth principle, advantage, dilemma and optimization path of rural “Time Bank”, which was conducive to relieving the pressure of rural pension and boosting rural revitalization.

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Influence of internet use on loneliness of middle-aged and elderly people

LU Zhi-yuan, WANG Huan, LIANG Shuang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 220-226. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.041

Abstract （212）

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Based on the special survey data of internet usage of middle-aged and elderly people in Jiangsu Province in 2021, this paper analyzed the influence of internet usage,usage time,content and ways on loneliness of middle-aged and elderly people. It was found that internet use had a significant negative impact on loneliness of middle-aged and elderly people. Middle-aged and elderly people who used the internet for more than 6 hours and focused on leisure study were less likely to breed loneliness, but the way of use had no effect on their loneliness. Heterogeneity analysis showed that internet use could reduce the incidence of loneliness among the elderly aged 70 and above, middle-aged and elderly people with low education levels and middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas who mainly used the internet for leisure and entertainment. The results helped to understand the complex relationship between the internet use of middle-aged and elderly people and their loneliness in the digital age, and provided new theoretical support for relevant departments to further popularize the internet among middle-aged and elderly people and guide the rational use of the internet.

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Study on the governance of information poverty in rural elderly groups from an empowerment perspective

TONG Lu-lu, LI Jing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 227-232. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.042

Abstract （158）

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China is now at the crossroads of the aging wave and the informationization wave, and the rural elderly are “marginalized” at the time of high-speed social operation, thus becoming a disadvantaged group in the informationization and digitalization era. Information poverty is a new form of relative poverty in the information society. Combing with the two dimensions of information-use motivation and information-use skills, the information-poor elderly were divided into four categories： unmotivated-unskilled, unmotivated-skilled, motivated-unskilled, and motivated-skilled. Based on the empowerment theory, three types of information poverty in rural elderly groups including “incapability” “loss capability” and “weak capability” were matched. In view of the complicated environmental information poverty, the lack of motivation to obtain information and the weak information skills of the rural elderly, optimization was conducted from the information literacy of the rural elderly, the implementation of human information technology feedbacks and the construction of a fair and friendly information life environment for the elderly, in order to enable the rural elderly to actively integrate into the information society.

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The path of agricultural product geographical indication development in the view of rural revitalization：A case study of Changle County, Weifang City, Shandong Province

CAI Yan-bing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 233-237. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.043

Abstract （230）

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Geographical indications of agricultural products were an important driving force to promote the all-round revitalization of rural areas. Taking Changle County, Weifang City, Shandong Province as an example, the development of geographical indications of agricultural products was focused on, so as to promote the development of agricultural products as well as the overall revitalization of rural areas. Research showed that it was faced with practical difficulties, such as serious homogenization, lack of protection subjects and overlapping functions and powers, low individual familiarity and enthusiasm of farmers and so on. Therefore, the development of geographical indications of agricultural products was accelerated, practical difficulties were eliminated and rural revitalization was boosted through four actions was eliminated： Improving quality and strengthening the base, building the brand, strengthening the industrial chain and improving capacity.

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Development status and suggestions of county leading industries under the rural revitalization strategy：Taking the chive industry in X County,Guizhou Province as an example

ZHAO Ling-ru

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 238-241. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.044

Abstract （173）

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Taking the chives industry in X County, Guizhou Province as an example, using a combination of unstructured interviews and literature review, the development process of X County chives for more than 20 years was reviewed systematically, and the industrial base, market structure, brand effect, economic benefits and other development status and advantages of X County’s development of chives were analyzed, and the core challenges faced by the local chive industry during the development period were sorted out, such as low scale, weak brand influence, and poor product anti-risk capabilities. The relevant practices and experience, with a view to serving other counties were summarized, providing reference for promoting the development of leading industries in other counties.

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Differences in the effectiveness of farmers’ cooperatives’ participation in poverty reduction from the perspective of organizational resource endowment：A case study of M County in southern Xinjiang

Mirshati Maihemuti, DING Yu, PU Jie, SU Yang, YU Hong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 242-247. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.045

Abstract （179）

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The phased level of resource endowment of cooperative organizations was directly related to whether cooperatives could standardize development and played an important prerequisite for poverty reduction. On the basis of theoretical analysis, the hypothesis was put forward. Through case empirical analysis of two typical cooperatives in southern Xinjiang, it was found that the organizational resource endowment factors such as scale income, cost saving and efficiency increase, and organizational influence enhancement affected the status of the resource endowment of cooperatives, thus forming the periodical changes of the resource endowment of cooperatives and the normative differences of cooperative organizations composed of internal management and talent resource endowment; the difference in organizational norms caused by the resource endowment of cooperatives was the fundamental reason for the difference in poverty reduction effects of different cooperatives. Based on the conclusion, the effectiveness of cooperatives in poverty reduction was improved through organizational resource endowments of cooperatives such as enriching the scale income, realizing cost-saving and efficiency, and enhancing the organizational influence, as well as the enhancement of the organizational standardization including the internal management of cooperatives and talent resource endowments.

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Research on the efficiency of rural small-scale financial institutions in supporting agriculture：Taking the six central provinces as an example

XU Bei-bei, TU Wei-liang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 248-250. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.046

Abstract （172）

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In order to scientifically evaluate the efficiency of rural small financial institutions in supporting agriculture and build a good rural financial environment, taking the efficiency of rural small financial institutions in six provinces in central China as the object, data envelopment analysis （DEA） was used to conduct empirical analysis to study the level of pure technical efficiency, scale efficiency and technical efficiency of rural small financial institutions in supporting agriculture. The results showed that, on the whole, the rural financial resources in the six central provinces of China had not been effectively allocated. In 2019, the average technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of small-scale financial institutions in the six central provinces were 0.886, 0.934 and 0.944, respectively. This also showed that there was still room for improvement in the operational efficiency, management level, as well as the scale of resource allocation of China’s rural small financial institutions.

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The necessity and development strategy of rural cooperative finance

LENG Yi-xin, HUANG Ti-shen, MENG Bing-nan, LIANG Qing-yun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (2): 251-256. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.02.047

Abstract （176）

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It has become a consensus that rural cooperative finance can help solve the problem of supply and demand of rural financial services. However, the necessity of its development has been questioned in practice and theory. Based on analysis of the current situation of supply and demand of rural financial services and the correspondence between rural cooperative finance and agriculture, the necessity of developing rural cooperative finance was revealed. Considering the limitation of background, the new connotation of rural cooperative finance was implemented and the feasibility of developing rural cooperative finance was enhanced through conditions, paths and guarantees.

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Analysis on the correlation between cultivated land landscape fragmentation and regional grain yield change

CHEN Xi, HE Zhen, FANG He-nan, ZHAO Xue-mei, LU Guo-wen, XUE Kai-ren

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 1-7. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.001

Abstract （259）

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Based on the land use image and grain yield data of the Chinese Academy of Sciences with a resolution of 30 m, and with the help of landscape ecology methods and spatial statistical analysis methods, this paper explored the correlation between the landscape fragmentation effect of paddy fields and dry lands and the change of grain yield in Qianjiang City at the landscape level and township scale. The results showed that the grain output of the study area was basically stable from 2010 to 2018; the internal structure of cultivated land in the towns and townships in the southeast was basically stable, while the remaining towns and townships were showing an increasing trend of change, and most of these towns and townships had changed from increase to decrease after 2010; the fragmentation effect of paddy field landscape was greatly affected by the number of patches, while that of dry land landscape was greatly affected by the shape and internal structure of patches. In order to ensure the balance of regional grain output, the shape of dryland landscape in the region should be improved, control the fragmentation of internal structure should be controlled, so as to ensure the safety of regional grain production.

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Research on the identification of cultivated land quality key elements in Changsha-Liuyang-Pingjiang Hilly Region at multi-scale

HOU Lei, DUAN Jian-nan, LI Ping

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 8-15. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.002

Abstract （217）

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In order to further protect and improve the comprehensive quality of cultivated land and identify the key elements of cultivated land quality, the Changsha-Liuyang-Pingjiang hilly area was selected as the research area, and the geographic grid and spatial autocorrelation analysis method were used to delineate the three-level research scale with the characteristic scale of 60 km. The spatial correlation degree and change law of various components of cultivated land quality at different scales had been evaluated and revealed. The results showed that all the elements of cultivated land quality showed positive spatial correlations. Among them, the three elements of irrigation guarantee rate, organic matter content, and cultivated layer texture were the key elements that affect the quality of cultivated land, no matter what scale they were based on. In addition, the degree of concentration and fragmentation of cultivated land were shown as key elements of cultivated land quality on the second and third scales; the background quality of cultivated land contributed the most to the overall quality of cultivated land, followed by spatial and ecological quality; as the observation scale increased, the Moran's I index value of each element of the spatial and background quality increased immediately, while the Moran's I index of the ecological quality element decreased as the scale became larger.

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Effect of soil with different gravel content on mineral element allocation of Dalbergia odorifera

XI Ying-zhuo, LIU Zhen, WEN Li, Qin Gui-li, TIAN Long, YANG Zhen-de, YU Shu-zhong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 16-20. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.003

Abstract （201）

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Using in the soil with different gravel content to simulate the soil conditions with different rock desertification degrees, the distribution law of mineral elements in Dalbergia odorifera was studied by pot culture. The results showed that the contents of N, K, Ca and Mg in Dalbergia odorifera leaves were generally higher than those in stems and roots. Different gravel content had an impact on the distribution of mineral elements in Dalbergia odorifera. With the increase of gravel content, the content of Ca and Mg in Dalbergia odorifera had an overall upward trend; under different gravel content conditions, the content of N elements in Dalbergia odorifera did not change significantly, but the content of P and K elements changed significantly. Revealing the distribution law of mineral elements in Dalbergia odorifera under the rocky desertification environment could provide reference for the scientific management of rocky desertification.

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Evaluation of farmland soil fertility in Jiuquan City based on principal component analysis

DENG Xi-ming, LYU Duo, WU Xiao-ting, FENG Tao, ZHANG Mei-zhen, ZHU Jian-qiang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 21-24. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.004

Abstract （242）

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To evaluate the farmland soil fertility status in Jiuquan City and provide data support for the sustainable development of agriculture. Taking the farmland soil of five counties （cities, districts） in Jiuquan City was taken as the research object, six fertility indexes of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and pH were determined, and the soil fertility was comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis. The results showed that the organic matter and nitrogen of farmland soil in Jiuquan City were generally low, the phosphorus was rich, the potassium was medium, and the pH was alkaline. The spatial distribution of farmland soil nutrients was uneven, but the change was not significant. The principal component analysis showed that the main factor causing the change of farmland soil fertility in Jiuquan City was the organic matter, and the comprehensive fertility of farmland soil in Jiuquan City from high to low was Suzhou District, Guazhou County, Dunhuang City, Yumen City, and Jinta County. To sum up, the overall level of soil fertility in Jiuquan City was good. It was recommended to follow the principles of supplementing organic fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer, reducing phosphorus fertilizer and stabilizing potassium fertilizer.

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Spatial heterogeneity of soil nutrients in farmland at the southern foot of Daxinganling

LIU Zhan-yong, ZHANG Jia-qian, LI Juan, ZHANG Xiang-qian, LI Ya-hua, ZHANG De-jian

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 25-29. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.005

Abstract （182）

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This study took the farmland soil of Arong Banner at the South foot of Daxinganling as the research object,to explore the spatial heterogeneity of the farmland soil nutrients in Arong Banner. The results showed that the contents of organic matter, total potassium, total phosphorus and total nitrogen in the farmland soil of Arong Banner were 47.48, 29.31,1.57, 2.27 g/kg, respectively. The nutrient content of the soil was rich and suitable for crop growth. The variability of the nutrients in the soil was between 10% and 100%, which was a moderate degree of variability, and the single factor at each point was significant, and there was significant spatial heterogeneity at each point. It provided a scientific basis for reasonably optimizing fertilization schemes, improving farming methods, realizing soil nutrient balance and improving soil fertility at various points of Arong Banner farmland, and provided theoretical support for constructing a farmland fertility evaluation system at the Southern foot of Daxinganling.

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Effects of natural grass organic mulching on physiological and ecological effects of rain-fed peach orchard in low latitude plateau area

YU Fei, WANG Fa-lin, ZHANG Yan, LU Lin, QIU Ming-hua, WANG Mao-hua, LI Li

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 30-34. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.006

Abstract （190）

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The organic mulching area of natural grass （supplemented by sowing Vicia Villosa Roth var. glabrescens seeds in autumn and winter） was used as the test object, and the cultivation area of clear tillage was used as the control to study the effects of organic mulching method of natural grass on soil water content, soil volume density, soil temperature, spring shoot growth of peach trees, and peach tree quality. The results showed that, in the rain-fed peach orchard of the low latitude plateau area, organic mulching of natural grass could improve soil water content, reduce soil bulk density, reduce soil temperature, and promote the spring shoot growth of peach trees. Peach fruit yield, total sugar content and vitamin C content in the organic mulching area of natural grass were significantly higher than those of peach trees in the clear tillage area.

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Geochemical characteristics and ecological effects of soil fluorine in Western Wanzhou District, Chongqing City

BAO Li-ran, WANG Jia-bin, LIU Jian-feng, LI Yu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 35-39. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.007

Abstract （179）

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Based on the data of 1∶50 000 land quality geological survey, the soil fluorine geochemical characteristics and ecological effects were studied, in Western Wanzhou District of Three Gorges Reservoir area. The results showed that the average fluorine content in surface soil in the study area was 578.4 mg/kg, slightly higher than the national average of surface soil. The spatial distribution pattern of fluorine was obviously controlled by strata, and there was a significant positive correlation between the fluorine content of soil and rock samples in the horizontal section. The fluorine content of soil and parent rock had good inheritance. The soil fluorine geochemical evaluation showed that the local soil fluorine in the study area was excessive, mainly distributed in the Triassic strata. The investigation of the fluorine ecological effect showed that the fluorine content in surface water was high, without exceeding the national standard, and the fluorine in agricultural products in some areas exceeded the standard, to which great attention and intensive study should be paid.

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Cd content characteristics and risks assessment for arable soil in the carbonate rock area of Southern Chongqing

YU Fei, YU Jing, WANG Jia-bin, XU Shu-shu, LUO Kai, LI Yu, WANG Yu, WANG Rui, ZHANG Yun-yi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 40-46. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.008

Abstract （185）

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In order to understand the content characteristics of Cd for arable soil in the carbonate rock area of Chongqing,131 soil samples were collected in the carbonate rock area and 162 soil samples were collected as the contrast in the non-carbonate rock area of Nanchuan District in the southern Chongqing, and the concentrations of Cd and pH were analyzed and determined. The pollution status of soil Cd, the potential ecological risk and health risk to adults and children were evaluated by the geostatistical analysis, and potential ecological hazard index and health risk assessment model. Results showed that the average value of Cd in the soil of the carbonate rock area （mean 0.571 mg/kg） was higher than that of the non-carbonate rock area （mean 0.305 mg/kg）. Compared with the Soil Environment Quality Risk Control Standard （GB 15618—2018）, the over-standard rate of 48.1% in the carbonate rock area was higher than the over-standard rate of 29.6% in the non-carbonate rock area, showing a different degree of accumulation. From the spatial distribution, the areas with high Cd values of arable soil were mainly distributed in Shuijiang town, Dongcheng street, Nancheng street and Jinshan town of Nanchuan district, showing the strong to extremely strong potential ecological risk. The health risk assessment results showed that HQ of Cd was less than 1, and the hazard was negligible; the CR was slightly greater than 10^-6, which was acceptable. The non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk of the three exposure pathways for adults and children in the carbonate rock areas were significantly higher than those in the non-carbonate rock area, and the non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk in children were higher than those in adults. Oral ingestion was the main route of exposure to Cd in soil.

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Comparison on differences of bacteria community between tobacco continuous cropping diseased soil and continuous cropping non-diseased soil

DI Hui-hui, WANG Rui, TAN Jun, PENG Wu-xing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 47-51. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.009

Abstract （206）

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The differences of bacteria community structure among tobacco continuous cropping diseased soil, continuous cropping non-diseased soil and newly cultivated soil were compared, so as to provide a theoretical basis for reducing tobacco continuous cropping diseases through microbial means. Metagenome high-throughput sequencing technology was used to compare bacterial communities of three types of soils. The results showed that, the number of total and unique OTUs of bacteria in continuous cropping diseased soil was the highest, and the bacterial community was very similar and had high homology. Proportions of Cyanobacteria, Bacteroides, Pseudomonas, Arenimonas, Bellilinea, Arthrobacter, Flavobacterium and Nocardioids were significantly higher in continuous cropping diseased soil than those in continuous cropping non-diseased soil and newly cultivated soil. The bacterial community structure of continuous cropping non-diseased soil was quite different, and the homology was low. Bradyrhizobium, Aciditerrimonas, Mycobacterium, Sphingomonas, and Rhodoplanes had relatively high proportions, but the proportion of Nitrospira was low in newly cultivated soil, and the bacterial community structure had its own characteristics.

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Effects of traditional Chinese medicine residue with cow dung on earthworms growth and material physicochemical properties

LI Yang, MA Zhan-fei, MA Xiao-yong, KANG Jun-gang, WANG Ya-bo, ZHU Yun-di, ZUO Jin-yan, JIANG Guo-jun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 52-57. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.010

Abstract （420）

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In order to solve the problem of environmental pollution caused by fecal waste in livestock production and traditional Chinese medicine residues, and to explore a new way of resource utilization of traditional Chinese medicine residues and cow manure, the experiment set treatment A （cow manure + residues of radix Astragalus and Epimedium after decoction）, treatment B （cow manure + Astragalus）, treatment C （cow manure + Epimedium） and treatment D （cow manure, control） to feed the late larvae of earthworms. The effects of these treatments on the weight, body length, cocoon production, incubation time and hatching rate of earthworms were observed. The results showed that the growth trend of earthworms increased first and then decreased under the four treatments. The residue of radix Astragalus and Epimedium after decoction could significantly improve the growth and reproductive performance of earthworms. Earthworm composting could increase the content of total nitrogen and pH of materials, and reduce the content of organic carbon. The composting of residues of radix Astragalus and Epimedium after decoction with cow manure could also increase the content of total phosphorus.

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Suitable nitrogen application rate of three flue-cured tobacco varieties in high-altitude tobacco area of Xuanwei City

PAN Yi-hong, CAI Xian-jie, DENG Tao, ZHANG Xiao-long, WEI Qi-li, MA Ai-guo, WU Shu-jun, LIU Yun-fang, YAN Ding

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 58-64. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.011

Abstract （484）

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In order to explore the suitable nitrogen application rate for high-quality flue-cured tobacco varieties in the high-altitude tobacco area of Xuanwei City, Yunnan Province, the field test comparison method was adopted in 2020 to study the economic properties, physical properties, appearance quality, chemical composition and sensory evaluation quality of three flue-cured tobacco varieties with different nitrogen application rates in the high-altitude tobacco areas. The results showed that Yunyan 105 had the best economic benefits when the nitrogen application rate was 97.5 kg/hm², and the comprehensive quality of flue-cured tobacco was the best when the nitrogen application rate was 112.5 kg/hm². When the nitrogen application rate of Yunyan 301 was 97.5 kg/hm², it was helpful to improve the coordination of chemical components, sensory evaluation quality and appearance quality of tobacco leaves, and the comprehensive quality was good; when the nitrogen application rate was 112.5 kg/hm², the economic benefit was the best. Zhongchuan 208 had good economic benefits and comprehensive quality when the nitrogen application rate was 97.5 kg/hm²and 112.5 kg/hm². When the nitrogen application rate of Zhongchuan 208 was 97.5 kg/hm², it was beneficial to improve the sensory evaluation quality of tobacco leaves and maximize the economic benefits. When the nitrogen application rate of Zhongchuan 208 was 112.5 kg/hm², it was helpful to improve the coordination of internal chemical components and the formation of appearance quality of tobacco leaves, and the economic benefit was good. To sum up, in the high-altitude tobacco area of Xuanwei City, the suitable nitrogen application rates of Yunyan 105, Yunyan 301 and Zhongchuan 208 are 97.5 kg/hm²to 112.5 kg/hm².

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Effects of seaweed compost fertilizer on yield and quality of Zhanhua winte jujube

AI Xin-shuai, YANG Zheng-hua, YUAN Le-bin, LU Bo-si, SHEN Hong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 65-68. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.012

Abstract （181）

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The fertilizer efficiency of seaweed compost fertilizer was evaluated by measuring soil physical and chemical properties, root parameters, nutrient absorption, fruit yield and quality of winter jujube（Ziziphus jujuba Mill. cv. dongzao） before and after fertilization. The results showed that compared with no fertilization, seaweed compost fertilizer could significantly improve soil fertility and increase soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen（P<0.05）. Compared with conventional fertilizer treatment, the application of seaweed compost fertilizer increased the root length density of 0~20 cm soil layer, root activity and fruit yield of the jujube tree, and significantly increased the contents of soluble solids, vitamin C, total sugar and soluble protein of jujube fruit（P<0.05）. It indicated that seaweed compost fertilizer could increase root growth and nutrient absorption of jujube trees by improving soil fertility and increasing soil microbial activity, and ultimately improve the yield and quality of jujube fruit.

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Application effects of new types of fertilizer under rice-rape rotation system

XIONG You-sheng, XIONG Han-feng, XIE Yuan-yuan, FAN Hong-xia, XU Xiao-yu, LIU YU, ZHOU Jian-xiong, LIU Wei, WANG Shi-qiu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 69-74. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.013

Abstract （196）

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In order to explore the efficient application technology of fertilizers in the rotation cycle, the effects of different fertilizer application on crop yield and nutrient use efficiency under the rice（Oryza sativa L.）-rape（Brassica campestris L.） rotation system were studied by setting up 6 treatments including no fertilization （T1）, conventional fertilization （T2）, slow-release fertilizer （T3）, stabilized fertilizer （T4）, BB fertilizer （T5） and bio-organic fertilizer on the basis of T2 （T6） through field positioning experiment. The results showed that compared with the conventional fertilizer treatment, the application of slow-controlled release fertilizer and the application of organic fertilizer on the basis of conventional fertilizer could increase the yield of rice, rape and annual yield, and some rotation years reached a significant level （P<0.05）. Different fertilizer treatments could improve the absorption and the agronomic utilization efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of rice, rape and annual crops in the rice-rape rotation system, among which T6 was the best. The absorption and the agronomic utilization efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in all years under T6 treatment were significantly different from those of conventional fertilizer treatment （P<0.05）. The effect of T3 treatment was followed, except for the absorption of phosphorus in rape season, the difference of the absorption and the agronomic utilization efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in other years between slow-release fertilizer and conventional fertilizer was significant （P<0.05）. In general, the effect of the application of slow-release fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizer under the rice-rape rotation system in Hubei Province was good, but the effect of applying BB fertilizer and stable fertilizer was slightly worse.

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The spatial distribution pattern of abandoned farmland in Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi

XU Xiao-ting, WANG Si-en, JIAO Qiao, XING Dong-xing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 75-79. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.014

Abstract （223）

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In order to effectively solve the problem of farmland abandonment in Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi, and ensure the food security, the zonal region across the west and east in Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi was taken as the study area, the abandoned rate, the nuclear density analysis, and spatial autocorrelation analysis were used to study the spatial distribution pattern of abandoned farmland. The results indicated that the abandoned farmland was mainly dry land. The overall abandonment rate was not high, but it continued to rise. The abandoned farmland was mainly distributed in Qianyang County, Long County and Fengxiang County. Most of the abandoned farmland was distributed in the medium-high and high nuclear density areas. The high nuclear density areas and the medium-high nuclear density areas were mainly distributed in the hilly area of the northeast of Fengxiang County and the mountains of the north of Qianyang County. The medium nuclear density areas were mainly distributed in Long County, Qianyang County and Fengxiang County. The medium-low density areas were mainly distributed in Long County, and the low density areas were distributed in all counties. There was spatial agglomeration in the abandoned farmland. The low agglomeration areas of cold spots were mainly distributed in Dali County, Pucheng County and Fuping County in the east area. The relatively low agglomeration areas of cold spots were mainly distributed in the middle area. The relatively high agglomeration areas of hot spots were mainly distributed in Fengxing County. The high agglomeration areas of hot spots were mainly distributed in Long County and Qianyang County in the west area. The problem of abandoned farmland in Guanzhong Plain could be solved by vigorously carrying out comprehensive land improvement, formulating relevant policies to help and benefit farmers, and strictly implementing the national policy of cultivated land protection.

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Change characteristics and terrain gradient effects of land use in Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone

ZHANG Lan-yue, MAO De-hua

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 80-87. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.015

Abstract （193）

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Taking Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone as the research area, based on the land use data and DEM data of Hunan Province, the dynamic change degree, terrain niche and terrain niche distribution index of land use were constructed, and the land use change characteristics and terrain gradient effects were analyzed. The results showed that cultivated land and woodland were the main types of land use, cultivated land and grassland showed a decreasing trend, woodland decreased first and then increased, waters area increased first and then decreased, urban and rural construction land expanded rapidly, and the area of unused land expanded continuously. The dominant position of cultivated land lied in the low terrain niche, woodland centrally located in the middle-high and high terrain niche, water, urban and rural construction land and unused land were mainly distributed in the low terrain niche, and grassland was distributed in all terrain niche, but had no distribution advantage. Stable change type was the main land use change mapping. Continuous change type and repeated change type were mainly the conversion among cultivated land, waters and unused land in the low terrain niche. In the early change type and late change type, the conversion of cultivated land and woodland into urban and rural construction land was mainly located in the middle and low terrain niche, and the conversion of cultivated land to woodland was mainly located in the middle and high terrain niche. Based on the above analysis, the Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone was divided into comprehensive functional areas, high quality rural areas and ecological conservation areas, and the corresponding strategies of land use and social and economic development were put forward.

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Vertical distribution characteristics of land use in Wumeng Mountain area： A case study of Xundian County, Yunnan Province

FU Jing, DUAN Qing-song, LIU Shi-xin, XIANG Dong-lei, LI Jian-hua

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 88-95. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.016

Abstract （189）

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Taking Xundian County of Yunnan Province as an example, and using the spatial autocorrelation analysis method, the vertical distribution characteristics of eight land use types were studied. The results showed that the eight land use types had strong spatial autocorrelation on the vertical scale, and the distribution was not uniform in the 15 elevation gradients. The number of land use types increased first and then decreased gradually with the elevation rising, and there were differences in the land use structure in the 15 elevation gradients. The eight land use types showed a spatial correlation in the vertical direction, and the spatial autocorrelation of other land use was the highest, followed by garden land, forest land, mining and storage land, farmland, construction land, water area and water conservancy facility land, and grassland had the lowest spatial autocorrelation.

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Suitability evaluation of land space development in arid counties based on ecological priority：Taking Yecheng County in Xinjiang as an example

LI Pan, GAO Min-hua, MA Li-gang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 96-103. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.017

Abstract （259）

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Taking Yecheng County in Xinjiang as an example,the land space development was simulated as two processes of ecological protection and land development,and the minimum cumulative resistance model and spatial analysis method were used to construct the Yecheng County land space development suitability evaluation system. The results showed that the total area of Yecheng County suitable for land development was 27 359.86 km², and the total area suitable for ecological protection was 968.84 km²,showing a centrally divergent and zonal distribution pattern on the whole; Yecheng County was divided into ecological protection zones（81.79%）, protected development zones（14.79%）, development protected zones（2.78%） and development and construction zones（0.64%）. Using the minimum cumulative resistance model to evaluate the suitability of land and space development could be closer to the objective reality of arid counties. The ecological environment in arid areas was fragile, and the development of land space had a great impact on the ecological environment. In the future, it should be continued to promote the construction of ecological civilization, improve the quality of land space development, implement cultivated land protection and land improvement,strengthen regional ecological environment protection and restoration, continuously optimize development patterns,promote suitability evaluation, and adapt the functions of suitable areas to the planning and construction.

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Interaction between urbanization and ecological environment in China from a multi-scale perspective

CAO Wan-yun, LU Fei-xia, MA Pei-kun, XIA Meng-ying, LIU Yu-mei, ZHAO Zhi-chuang, SONG Yi-he

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 104-115. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.018

Abstract （177）

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Based on the distance coordination model, the Tapio decoupling model and the geographically weighted regression model, a systematic analysis of the interaction between urbanization and the ecological environment and its influencing factors at the national level was carried out. The results showed that, from 2008 to 2018, the level of urbanization had obvious spatial differences, areas with high levels of urbanization were distributed in “dots” and “clusters”, and the change of urbanization level was relatively stable in the short term. The spatial pattern of the ecological environment quality presented the characteristics of overall stability and partial improvement. The coordinated development degree of urbanization and the ecological environment was generally on the rise, basically at a barely coordinated level, and the gap in the level of coordination among regions had narrowed. The spatial agglomeration characteristics of coordination development degree were obvious, the distribution of high value areas was relatively scattered, and the gap of decoupling index among regions had narrowed. Science and technology investment intensity and urbanization rate had a great impact on the ecological environment, and they were positively correlated with the overall situation. The Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration had the highest degree of coordination between urbanization and ecological environment. The coordination development level of the central Guizhou urban agglomeration needed to be improved. The urbanization development and ecological environment protection of the central-southern Liaoning and Harbin-Changchun urban agglomerations were relatively slow.

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Analysis of spatio-temporal characteristics and driving factors of urban land expansion in Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration

ZHANG Xue-ting, LU Bin-bin, YU Dan-lin, ZHENG Jiang-hua

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 116-124. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.019

Abstract （167）

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The urban land monitoring data of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration from 1995 to 2015 were selected, the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of urban land use were analyzed by selecting three indicators of urban land expansion intensity index, fractal dimension and urbanization rate, and the driving forces of urban land use evolution were analyzed based on geographically weighted regression （GWR）. The results showed that the urban land expansion intensity in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration increased first, then decreased, and then slowly increased. The towns with high-speed expansion accounted for 7.7% of the total, and those with medium-speed expansion accounted for 20.2% of the total. Towns with low-speed expansion accounted for 72.1% of the total. From 1995 to 2015, the fractal dimension of all provinces in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomerations increased, while the fractal dimension of Anhui Province was relatively low and the change range was large; while the fractal dimension of Jiangsu Province was relatively stable, and the fractal dimension of Shanghai City showed a stable rise, and the fractal dimension of Jiangsu Province and Shanghai City were higher than the average level of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomerations. From 1995 to 2015, economy, medical and health care, and education were the main driving forces of cities in the southern part of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, while primary industry, transportation and population were the main driving forces of cities in the northern part of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration. From the perspective of spatial dimension, in 1995, economy and medical and health care were the main driving forces of the urban agglomerations in Zhejiang Province and Shanghai City. Over time, the population was the main driving force in the northern part of the urban agglomerations, while medical and health care was the main driving force in the southern part of the urban agglomerations.

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Research on multifunctional evaluation of cultivated land

WANG Hui-lin, LIU Xin-ping

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 125-129. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.020

Abstract （158）

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The function of cultivated land has taken on the characteristics of diversification driven by people's diversified needs and social and economic development. The multi-function evaluation of cultivated land can not only help the public to establish the multi-function value of cultivated land, but also improve the comprehensive benefit of cultivated land according to local conditions. Through studying the related literature of cultivated land multi-function evaluation, it was concluded that the multi-function of cultivated land was derived from the agricultural multi-function, and the multi-function evaluation of cultivated land showed a trend from “single evaluation” to “comprehensive research”, which was embodied in the multifunctional use of cultivated land, multi-source data, integrational method and multi-dimensional analysis. Based on this, the shortcomings of cultivated land multifunctional evaluation was discussed and the research trend of cultivated land multifunctional evaluation was analyzed.

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Effects of different passivation treatments and foliar blocking agents on remediation of Cd-contaminated rice fields

WANG Jin-wen, GU Zhu-yu, PI Jie, TANG Dong-hai, ZHOU Zhi-yuan, ZHANG Jian-yun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 130-134. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.021

Abstract （186）

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Field experiments were carried out in the Cd polluted area of Zhichanghe Town of Songzi City, Jingzhou City, Hubei Province, and analyze the effects of different passivation treatments and foliar blocking agents on soil pH, available Cd and Cd content in brown rice were analyzed. The results showed that different treatments could increase soil pH （0.16%~6.06%） to some extent and decrease the content of available Cd in soil. Compared with the control, the content of available Cd in soil decreased by 3.57%~33.33%. Foliar blocking agents had no significant effect on soil pH and available Cd content, but could effectively inhibit Cd transport in rice and reduce Cd content in brown rice. Soil conditioner and heavy metal passivator could regulate soil pH properly and reduce the content of available Cd in soil, and then reduce the absorption of Cd by rice. 3 750 mL/hm² foliar blocking agents +1 200 kg/hm² soil conditioner +1 200 kg/hm² heavy metal passivator had the best treatment effect. The Cd content in brown rice was the lowest, and the Cd content in soil and brown rice decreased by 33.33% and 44.95%, respectively.

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Study on treatment of nickel-containing wastewater by alga-bacteria biofilm and changes of the extracellular polymeric substances

REN Yun-yun, ZHANG Sha, PEI Cuo-ping, ZHANG Zhi-lin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 135-140. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.022

Abstract （159）

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To explore the feasibility of algal-bacteria biofilm's treatment for nickel-containing wastewater, alga-bacteria biofilm was obtained by filming algae and bacteria enrichment in natural urban water, and nickel-containing solution was treated under different operating parameters to study the adsorption amount of nickel and the change of extracellular polymer substance（EPS） content of algal bacteria biofilm under different conditions. The results showed that the algas after enrichment and filming belonged to Chlorella, which had a higher treatment effect on nickel-containing wastewater. The treatment effect was best when pH was 8 and the temperature was 35 ℃. Nickel adsorption equilibrium was reached within 3 days and the removal rate was more than 70%. At the same time, the content of polysaccharides in alga-bacteria biofilm with time was positively correlated with nickel adsorption amount, which proved that it was the main substance in nickel adsorption, while ATP content could reflect the stress process of alga-bacteria biofilm. Under the stress of nickel, the content of extracellular polymer substances in alga-bacteria biofilm decreased with the increase of stress. From the perspective of adsorption amount, its tolerance to nickel was 10 mg/L. Within this range, adsorption amount increased with the increase of the nickel concentration, up to 2.358 mg. However, adsorption amount decreased significantly when the nickel concentration continued to increase.

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Temporal and spatial evolution characteristics and source analysis of the inflow nitrogen of Jialing River basin from 1988 to 2018

ZHANG Ming-yao, WEN Wen, ZHONG Yong-lin, LYU Ming-quan, GAO Xiu-fang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 141-148. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.023

Abstract （154）

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Based on the Global News-2 model, the inflow nitrogen load of Jialing River basin in 1988, 1999, 2007 and 2018 was calculated, and the nitrogen flux of hydrological stations in Jialing River basin was verified to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and sources of the inflow nitrogen were analyzed. The results showed that Global News-2 model simulated the inflow nitrogen load of Jialing River basin well, and during 1988—2018, the inflow nitrogen load of Jialing River basin increased by 380 000 t, from 6.3×10⁵t to 10.1×10⁵t; the temporal and spatial variation of the inflow nitrogen load of Jialing River basin was obvious, which was greatly affected by runoff. The Fujiang and Qujiang River systems were the main sources of nitrogen in Jialing River basin. The nitrogen contribution of the two basins accounted for about 70%; there was a large difference of nitrogen load in different counties and cities and different land use types, and the nitrogen load values of cultivated land and residential areas were high; the chemical fertilizer application was the primary source, contributing 31.6%~49.0% of nitrogen in the basin.

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Soil organochlorine pesticide pollution and health risk assessment in paddy field along Nandu River

WANG Jing, CHEN Bi-shan, YE Lin-hai, LU Zhi-qing, ZHONG Shi-ming, LI Yan-song, LI Ye, FENG Ting-ting, SONG Jun-xia

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 149-156. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.024

Abstract （146）

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26 soil samples were collected from the upper, middle and lower reaches of Nandu River in Leizhou City, Guangdong Province, and the residual organochlorine pesticides in soil were determined by gas chromatography. The health risk assessment model and principal component analysis were used to evaluate the risk caused by organochlorine residues in rice soil along the Nandu River in Leizhou City, Guangdong Province. The results showed that hexachlorobenzene, o,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDE, o,p′-DDD, p,p′-DDD, o,p′-DDT, α-HCH were detected in rice fields and soils along the Nandu River. The detection rate of hexachlorobenzene was the highest, which was 96.15%, and the detection rate of p,p′-DDE was 92.31%. The detection rates of p,p′-DDD and o,p′-DDT were 84.62% and 76.92%, respectively. These components were the main pollution sources of organochlorine residues in agricultural soil. Among them, DDT isomer p,p′-DDD, o,p′-DDT, p,p′-DDE, o,p′-DDE, o,p′-DDD had a higher load on the first principal component, which might be related to the past application of dicofol. There was a significant difference in organochlorine pesticide residues in the basin, and the overall performance was middle reaches > lower reaches > upper reaches. Health risk assessment results showed that all kinds of organochlorine pollution to human health risk was low, and belonged to the acceptable level.

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Pollution factors identification and risk assessment of groundwater around a livestock and poultry farm in Nanyang City

SHI Guo-wei, LI Ya-song, LIU Ya-ci, CAO Sheng-wei, DUN Yu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 157-164. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.025

Abstract （156）

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A livestock and poultry farm in Neixiang County, Nanyang City was chosen as the research object and a total of 11 groundwater samples were collected in its surrounding areas. The test indicators included 35 conventional indicators and 24 antibiotic indicators. Water chemical analysis, groundwater quality assessment, pollution assessment and health risk assessment were carried out by using mathematical statistics, Piper diagram, correlation analysis, pollution index method and health risk assessment model. The results showed that the characteristic pollution factors of groundwater around the farm included total hardness, nitrate, lead, iron and manganese. The antibiotic components with relatively high concentrations were josamycin, lincomycin, norfloxacin, danofloxacin and flumequine, among which lincomycin had the highest pollution risk. The health risk assessment showed that the non-carcinogenic risk was mainly caused by oral intake of nitrate nitrogen and lead, and the maximum non-carcinogenic health risk index reached 0.908 and 0.875, respectively, which was close to the risk threshold. Finally, the causes of pollution were analyzed based on the geological conditions and human factors of the study area.

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Spatial-temporal dynamic simulation of ecological carrying capacity in upper reaches of Luanhe River Basin based on CA-Markov model

HU Xing-xing, CHEN Xing, LU Juan-juan, CHEN Xia, ZHANG Qi-cheng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 165-172. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.026

Abstract （157）

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Based on the three-phase land use data in 2000, 2010 and 2020, the ecological footprint based on the ecosystem service value model was used to calculate the total amount of ecological carrying capacity of three phases and different land use types in the upper reaches of Luanhe River Basin, a spatial distribution map of ecological carrying capacity was drawn, and its historical change trend and spatial distribution characteristics were analyzed. Based on the CA-Markov model, the land use pattern of the basin in 2030 was stimulated, and the future ecological carrying capacity of the watershed was predicted. The results showed that the settlement and water area of the upper reaches of Luanhe River Basin grew rapidly, and the conversion of forest and grassland was active. The grassland area was mostly transferred out, but it was still the dominant land class in the basin. With the active conversion of land use types, the ecological carrying capacity of the river basin generally showed a trend of “first decreasing and then increasing”. The forecast results showed that the ecological carrying capacity of the basin was predicted to increase from 1 844 795 ghm² to 2 032 204 ghm² between 2020 and 2030, an increase of 10.16%, and the cantribution of water area to the ecological carrying capacity of the basin was outstanding. The overall pattern of ecological carrying capacity in the upper reaches of Luanhe River Basin was characterized by high in the northwest and low in the southeast, and the internal units showed a trend of patch aggregation in space with time.

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Spatio-temporal evolution of coupling coordination of production-living-ecological space in the Yellow River Basin

WANG Lei, ZHAN Pu-yuan, GUO Yue

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 173-181. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.027

Abstract （178）

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Combined with the coupling coordination model, the data on Yellow River Basin from 2003 to 2018 was used to calculate coupling degree and coupling coordination degree, and the spatio-temporal evolution of production-living-ecological space was analyzed. The results showed that, in the past 16 years, the coupling degree of production-living-ecological space in the Yellow River Basin increased year by year, and experienced a transition from the antagonistic period to the coordinated coupling period. The coupling coordination degree showed a fluctuating rising trend, and nearly 80% of the regions improved from extreme misalignment to mild misalignment, but the regional differences were not obvious. The coupling coordination degree between every two of the production-living-ecological space was rising at different rates. The growth rate of “living-ecological” coupling coordination degree was less than that of the “production-living” and the “production-ecological” coupling coordination degree.

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Temporal and spatial variation of NDVI and its relationship with topographic factors in Liaoning Province

HAI Yan, HE Meng-qi, SUN Yong-qi, ZHENG Shu-yuan, WANG Jian-xiong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 182-186. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.028

Abstract （155）

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Based on the monthly synthetic NDVI products of MODIS and the topographic data of Liaoning Province （including elevation, slope and aspect）, the temporal and spatial changes of NDVI and the correlation between NDVI and topographic factors in Liaoning Province from 2001 to 2020 were analyzed. The results showed that the vegetation situation in Liaoning Province had been slightly improved in the past 20 years. Spatially, the area of vegetation degradation was small and the area of improvement was large. Affected by the low altitude of Liaoning Province, the overall temperature in the study area would not decrease with the increase of altitude, so the elevation of Liaoning Province was directly proportional to the NDVI. The higher the altitude, the greater the NDVI. The NDVI increased first and then decreased with the increase of slope, and the NDVI was the largest on the steep slope. The relationship between slope direction and vegetation was weak, there was no obvious difference, and the north was slightly higher than the south.

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Effect of straw mulching on land bearing capacity of livestock and poultry manure

WANG Sheng-wei, ZHOU Yong-xin, WANG Li-xia, XU Hao, WANG Wen-fei, SHAO Lei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 187-193. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.029

Abstract （149）

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To analyze the effect of straw mulching on animal husbandry, the land bearing capacity （LBC） of livestock and poultry manure gained by the pig equivalent method and the summation method comparing straw mulching with not mulching respectively were calculated. The results showed that compared with PM, the amount of manure in Heilongjiang Province and phosphorus in the manure calculated by SM increased by 37.5% and 28.5% respectively, while the amount of the nitrogen in the manure decreased by 28.8%, the LBC of the manure nitrogen increased by 40.4% （not mulching） and 9.4% （mulching）, and the LBC of the manure phosphorus decreased by 22.1% （not mulching） and 8.4% （mulching）. Straw mulching decreased the LBC of the manure nitrogen and phosphorus by 70.1%, 67.7% （PM） and 76.7%, 62.0% （SM） respectively. With straw mulching, the provincial indexes of the nitrogen and phosphorus LBC were 1.23, 1.60 （PM） and 1.34, 1.46 （SM）. And without straw mulching, the indexes of the nitrogen and phosphorus LBC were 4.10, 4.94 （PM） and 5.76, 3.85 （SM）. In the case of straw not mulching, both nitrogen and phosphorus LBC （calculated by SM and PM） of all cities in this province were more than the amount of livestock and poultry （ALP）. In the case of straw mulching, the nitrogen LBC of Hegang City, Suihua City, Daqing City and phosphorus LBC of Daqing City were less than the ALP （PM）, the nitrogen LBC of Daqing City and phosphorus LBC of Qiqihar City, Suihua City, Mudanjiang City, Daqing City were less than the ALP （SM）. Nutrients from straw mulching decreased the land bearing capacity of manure and the development potential of animal husbandry.

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Coupling relationship between population distribution and natural environment in Hubei Province based on the geo-detector method

WANG Jiang-hui, ZHOU Peng, QIN Zhao, LIU Ya-ting, WANG Run-ze

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 194-201. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.030

Abstract （146）

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Based on the population location data of the LBS network, combined with different natural environment factors, the influence of different natural environments on the spatial pattern of the population was analyzed using GIS and geodetector software. The results showed that： ①The population spatial pattern of Hubei Province was characterized by dense in the east and sparse in the west, and concentrated in the south and dispersed in the north; ②The intensity of the influence of natural environmental factors on the spatial distribution of the population from large to small was annual average temperature, average elevation, relative height difference, surface roughness, river network density, annual average precipitation, relative humidity, dryness, and net primary productivity; ③Between different natural environmental factors, except for annual average precipitation and relative humidity, there were no significant differences between and other factors. ④The superposition of any two types of natural environmental factors affected the spatial pattern of population in two-factor enhancement or non-linear enhancement.

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Study on ecological value accounting of forest resources in Banma County, Qinghai Province

ZHANG Zhi, QIAN Yu-ping

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 202-207. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.031

Abstract （131）

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Taking Banma County of Qinghai Province as an example, the ecological value of forest resources in this area in 2020 was calculated and analyzed by using the alternative engineering method, market price method and shadow price method. The results showed that the total ecological value of forest resources in Banma County in 2020 was 19.643 billion yuan, of which the four ecological values of water conservation value, carbon fixation and oxygen production function value, soil and water conservation function value and biodiversity value were the main ecological service function value of forest resources in Banma County, accounting for 93.92% of the total value. According to the research conclusions, some suggestions were put forward, such as optimizing the forest resources protection and management policies and systems, establishing a scientific and reasonable ecological benefit compensation mechanism, and increasing capital investment and policy support, in order to provide technical support for forest resources protection and management, as well as case reference and method reference for forest resources ecological value accounting in other regions.

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Spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of beautiful villages in Southwest China

ZHANG Miao, CHEN Ya-ying, YANG Qiang, GUO Yi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 208-212. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.032

Abstract （162）

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Based on the data of China's beautiful leisure villages （hereinafter referred to as beautiful villages） published by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China from 2010 to 2022 in Southwest China （Yunnan Province, Guizhou Province, Sichuan Province, Chongqing City）,the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of beautiful villages in Southwest China were explored by using methods such as nearest proximity index, kernel density analysis, standard deviation ellipse, and superposition analysis. The results showed that there were obvious aggregation characteristics in the spatial distribution of beautiful villages in Southwest China, showing the characteristics of uneven distribution of multiple cores. Its spatial distribution had always shown a northeast-southwest pattern, and the center of gravity shifted from southwest to northeast. Natural environmental conditions were the basis for the formation of spatial differentiation in beautiful villages; human factors played a driving role in the spatial differentiation of beautiful villages in Southwest China.

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Research progress on nitrogen-fixing microorganisms in extreme environments

YUAN Jia-lin, WANG Yu-jing, WANG Long, LIU Jie

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 213-217. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.033

Abstract （167）

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Biological nitrogen fixation is an important part of the entire planet's nitrogen cycle, and is the main source of initial productivity in the extreme environment. It has a great impact on the global ecosystem and has been a hot spot of international concern for a long time. This article briefly reviewed recent research progress on nitrogen-fixing microorganisms and their effects in extreme environments such as oceans（including deep seas）, north and south poles, mountains, plateaus, glaciers and so on, and some ideas and prospects for future research directions were put forward.

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Research on the suitable habitat for Moschus berezovskii based on maximum entropy model（MaxEnt） in climatic background

ZHAO Jin-peng, WANG Qing, ZHENG Cheng-li, HU Jing-yuan, WANG Ru-lin, JIANG Gan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 218-223. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.034

Abstract （135）

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According to the published geographic distribution data and habitat climate data of Moschus berezovskii in China, the key meteorological factors affecting the probability of existence of Moschus berezovskii were extracted by knife cutting method. The MaxEnt model and ArcGIS software were used to analyze the habitat range of Moschus berezovskii in China under different scenarios. The results showed that eight key climate factors had important influences on the distribution of Moschus berezovskii, including precipitation in the warmest season, mean temperature in the driest season, precipitation in the wettest season, annual average temperature, seasonal temperature difference, mean temperature in the wettest season, mean temperature in the warmest season and precipitation in the driest season; the habitat prediction model of Moschus berezovskii was examined by receiver operating characteristic curve, and the prediction results reached an excellent level （AUC=0.993）. Under the current scenario, the suitable area of Moschus berezovskii was mainly distributed in the south of Tengchong-Mohe line, with an area of 4.13×10⁶ km², accounting for 43% of China's land area; under the scenarios of RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, the suitable area of Moschus berezovskii decreased in the 2050s（2040—2059）, and the lowly suitable area decreased up to 50%; compared with the 2050s, the suitable area of Moschus berezovski increased under RCP2.6 and RCP4.5 scenarios in 2080s（2070—2089）, but it decreased under RCP8.5 scenarios. The southeast region, which was dominated by plain and hilly landforms, would respond poorly to future climate change, while the southwest region, which was dominated by mountainous landforms, would respond well to future climate change. Therefore, it was suggested to establish a Moschus berezovskii reserve with the southwest region as the core, and strictly control the personnel entering the reserve, so as to achieve the purpose of better protecting the wild Moschus berezovskii.

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Evaluation of automatic observation technology for agricultural meteorology of winter wheat and summer corn

ZHANG Zhi-hong, SHI Gui-fen, LI Shu-ling

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 224-229. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.035

Abstract （170）

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In three national first-class agricultural meteorological observation test stations in Zhengzhou, Hebi and Huangfan district of Henan Province, 5 sets of observation equipment of Aerospace New Meteorological Technology Co., Ltd. and Henan Zhongyuan Optoelectronics Measurement and Control Technology Co., Ltd. were used to conduce continuous automatic observation experiments on the growth period, canopy height, density, leaf area index and dry matter of winter wheat and summer corn from 2016 to 2020, and at the same time, manual comparative observation was carried out. The results showed that the identification error of winter wheat in the growth period was usually within 4 days. The error in turning green and jointing period was more than 5 days, which should be supplemented by artificial observation. The average error of canopy height identification was less than 10 cm. The density fluctuated greatly during the growth period, and the effect of automatic identification was poor. The identification error of summer corn in the growth period was generally less than 4 days, and artificial observation was temporarily needed to assist in jointing, milk-ripening and ripening stages. The identification effect of the density and height was good. The identification effects on growth period, growth evaluation, canopy height and corn density of winter wheat and summer corn were good, which could be popularized and applied after optimization. However,the identification effect of the leaf area index and dry matter quality was poor, so there were no conditions for business promotion, and the algorithm or recognition technology should be improved.

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Discussion on abundant year and lean year for relative meteorological yield of cotton in Hubei Province based on climatic suitability

TANG Yang, QIN Peng-cheng, LIU Zhi-xiong, LIU Kai-wen, XIAO Wei-yu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 230-234. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.036

Abstract （167）

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The climate suitability of cotton in each growth period was calculated by selecting three climate influencing factors（light, air temperature and effective precipitation） based on meteorological data of 50 counties （cities and districts） in cotton planting areas of Hubei Province from 1981 to 2020. The entropy weight method was used to weight the climate suitability of each growth period to obtain the comprehensive climate suitability of the whole growth period in Hubei Province, and the prediction model of cotton relative meteorological yield in abundant and lean years based on the comprehensive climate suitability was constructed. The results showed that, since 1981, the climate suitability of cotton in Hubei Province had shown a fluctuating trend of “down-up-down”. Compared with other growth periods, the flowering and bolling stage of cotton was suitable for cotton growth. The variation coefficient of the sowing and bud stages was large, which was 21.9% and 20.9%, respectively. The proportion of historical fitting accuracy by applying the prediction model of cotton relative meteorological yield in abundant and lean years was 94.7%. The cotton relative meteorological yield extrapolation forecast from 2019 to 2020 was completely consistent with the fact, which showed that the fitting result was good and could basically meet the needs of business services.

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Change characteristics of cold dew wind and its influence on rice （indica rice） in recent 68 years in Jingzhou City

DENG Yan-jun, YANG Chang-bin, LIU Zhi-xiong, YE Pei, LIU Shi-hui, LIU Kai-wen

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 235-240. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.037

Abstract （169）

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Based on the meteorological data of the Jingzhou national meteorological observation station in the past 68 years from 1953 to 2020, the cold dew wind grade index of the main rice varieties was determined, and the occurrence situation and evolution law of the cold dew wind in Jingzhou City were analyzed. Taking 2020 as an example, the effect of cold dew wind on indica rice was analyzed. The results showed that different rice varieties had different resistance to low temperature. The cold dew wind index for indica hybrid rice should be the daily average temperature below 23 ℃ for 3 consecutive days or more, and the cold dew wind index for indica conventional rice should be the daily average temperature below 22 ℃ for 3 consecutive days or more. The earliest cold dew wind could occur in mid-to-late August, and the latest occurred in early October. The frequency of moderate and severe cold dew wind was higher from mid-to-late September to early October. After 2000, the beginning of the cold dew wind was obviously ahead, and the amplitude increased. The cold dew wind in 2020 caused the production reduction of single cropping late rice, shrimp rice, double cropping late rice and ratoon rice to different degrees. From the perspective of safe heading, the safe full heading period of indica conventional rice in Jingzhou City was September 13, and the safe full heading period of indica hybrid rice was September 12. The sowing period of double-season late rice, one-season rice and direct-seeding shrimp rice should be reasonably arranged.

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Monitoring and evaluation on drought in the growing season of Heilongjiang Province based on FY-3D_TVDI

XU Zuo-min, WU Shuang, WU Ying, GONG Li-juan, JIANG Li-xia, SUN Tao, CHENG Chun-xiang, XIE Lian-ni

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 241-248. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.038

Abstract （148）

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A Ts-NDVI feature space was constructed based on FY-3D meteorological satellite data, and the temperature vegetation dryness index （TVDI） was calculated. The temporal and spatial distribution of drought in the main agricultural areas of Heilongjiang Province in the 2020 growing season was evaluated. In addition, the impact factor of TVDI was studied based on elevation, slope and meteorological data. The results showed that,in the 2020 growing season, a significant regional difference was found on the spatial distribution of TVDI in agricultural areas in Heilongjiang Province, indicating a trend of humidity in north and east, arid in western, central, and southern regions. The TVDI in the east agricultural areas, which was normal or partial waterlogging, was mainly distributed from 0.2 to 0.6. There were 2 typical drought events in other agricultural areas, and the drought peaks were in mid-May and early September.With the 400 m elevation as the cut-off point, the TVDI in the less than 400 m elevation region was positively correlated with the elevation, and the TVDI above the 400 m elevation region was negatively correlated with the elevation. The slope inflection point was 3.5°. TVDI gradually increased with the increase of the slope before the inflection point, and slowly decreased with the increase in the slope after the inflection point. The impact of ten-day average temperature on TVDI was greater than that of ten-day cumulative precipitation, and the average temperature had a continuous impact on TVDI, lasting about 10 to 20 days.

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Analysis of the drought characteristics of Longdong Loess Plateau based on the daily SPEI

ZHANG Tian-feng, JIANG Hui-feng, ZHANG Ke-xin, CHE Xiang-jun, ZHANG Xue-jiao, HE Shu-zhou

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (3): 249-256. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.03.039

Abstract （148）

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According to daily meteorological data from 8 national meteorological stations in Longdong region from 1969 to 2020, the drought climate characteristics of the Longdong Loess Plateau based on the Copula function were analyzed by using daily SPEI drought index, drought frequency and drought intensity. The results showed that Longdong region appeared more droughts in Zhengning, Ningxian and Qingcheng, extreme droughts in Huachi and Zhenyuan, severe droughts in Heshui and Ningxian, moderate droughts in Huanxian and Qingcheng, and light droughts in Qingcheng and Zhengning. During the extreme drought process, the precipitation at each station varied greatly in the drought period, indicating local characteristics existed in spatial distribution and temporal changes of drought. The inter-annual and inter-month variations of the SPEI drought index at each station showed the same phase fluctuation feature. Specifically, drought or humidity occurred simultaneously in most years, but there was a temporal and spatial difference in the degree of drought and humidity. During the 1990s and 2004—2013, droughts frequently occurred, and the number of drought occurrences varied greatly among stations. The Copula simulation results indicated that, the BB1 model at Zhengning Station provided a better fitting effect than Fischer-Hinzmann and Roch-Alegre model, followed by Marshal-Olkin at Zhenyuan Station, and t model at Qingcheng Station. However, the simulation model at Xifeng Station and Heshui Station showed the worst fitting effects. The analysis also found that SPEI drought index made the drought comparable in space and time, but it had limitations in reflecting the difference in drought under different climatic background conditions. There was no significant difference in the drought index between the regions with the largest and smallest climatic humidities in the region, thus resulting in a generally lighter judgment on the drought-prone areas.

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Application of a comprehensive evaluation system with a combination weighting method based on game theory in soybean regional test

ZAN Kai, CHEN Ya-guang, XU Shu-xia, ZHOU Qing, WANG Feng-ju, YANG Hui-feng, ZHENG Li-min, GUO Hai-fang, LI Ming-jun, LIU Ting

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 1-6. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.001

Abstract （273）

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15 soybean varieties（lines） from the summer soybean [Glycine max （Linn.） Merr.] regional test in Henan Province in 2014 were comprehensively evaluated based on a comprehensive evaluation system which was constructed with the method of analytic hierarchy process（AHP）, entropy weight method and combination weighting method based on game theory, thus to provide a method and basis for the reasonable evaluation of the tested lines in the soybean regional test. The results showed that the correlation coefficient between the combined weights determined by the combination weighting method based on game theory and the weights determined by AHP was 0.897（P<0.01）, and this value was 0.282（P>0.05） between the combined weights and weights determined by entropy weight method. There were no significant differences in the comprehensive scores among the three weighting methods. The correlation coefficient of the comprehensive score ranking between the combination weighting method based on game theory and the analytic hierarchy process was 0.872 （P<0.01）, and this value between the combination weighting method based on game theory and the entropy method was 0.603 （P<0.05）, respectively. It showed good consistency with the actual performance, certification and promotion of the lines. The above results indicated that the evaluation system constructed with the combination weighting based on game theory could scientifically and reasonably determine the weights of the indicators in the soybean comprehensive evaluation system, and the comprehensive evaluation system constructed based on this could make a reasonable evaluation of the comprehensive performance of the tested lines in the soybean regional test.

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Effects of different concentrations of seaweed fertilizer on the growth of wheat seedlings

CUI Sai, LIU Shuang, ZHANG Mei-ling, WANG Shan-shan, GE Zhen-yu, WANG Chun-nan, CHENG Dong-juan, WANG Jian-xiao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 7-11. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.002

Abstract （223）

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In order to improve the stress resistance of wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） seedling growth, a single factor experiment was conducted to study the effects of seven different concentrations （0, 1.00, 1.25, 1.50, 2.00, 2.50, and 3.00 g/L） of seaweed humic acid balanced nutrient solution on plant height, stem diameter, and various physiological indicators of wheat seedlings using pot culture. The results showed that seaweed humic acid balanced nutrient solution could promote the growth of wheat seedlings. With the increase of fertilizer concentration, the plant height, stem diameter, superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity, vitamin C content, proline content, soluble carbohydrate content and chlorophyll content in wheat showed a trend of first increasing at first and then decreasing. On the whole, the optimum concentration of seaweed humic acid balanced nutrient solution for wheat growth in this experiment was 2.00 g/L.

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Analysis of land-use change and driving factors in two decades before and after returning farmland to forest in Yan’an City

WANG Xiao-fei, SUN Zhi-hui, LIU Zhi-chao, CAO Xue-mei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 12-19. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.003

Abstract （224）

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Using 7 periods of remote sensing data of land use types from 1980 to 2020 and the data of precipitation, temperature, population and GDP from 1981 to 2020, the changes of the spatial pattern of national land and its response to climate change before and after the reforestation of Yan’an City were analyzed by using mathematical statistics and transfer matrix. The results showed that before the grain for green, under the dual influence of drought and population increase, grass seed land was destroyed and the area of cultivated land had increased by 327.24 km² in Yan’an City. And after the grain for green, the cultivated land decreased by 2 421.84 km². The decrease period was mainly concentrated from 2000 to 2010, accounting for 94.1% of the reduction area of the cultivated land. The cultivated land was mainly converted into forest and grass land. The area of forest land in Yan’an increased by 923.43 km², with the most obvious change in other forest land, accounting for 65.9% of the increasing area of forest land, followed by shrubland, the increasing area accounting for 25.2%. The area of grassland in Yan’an City increased by 1 362.02 km² after the grain for green, with 338.63, 1 186.41 km² of high and medium cover grassland respectively, while low cover grassland remained basically unchanged. After 2000, the increase in precipitation and high temperature in Yan’an City, especially in the northern part of Yan’an City, where annual precipitation reached 520 mm or more, were the main reasons for the formation of woodland and medium and high cover grassland. Land use changes were mainly concentrated in the northern part of Yan’an City, and the area of low-cover grassland in the northern part accounted for 17.1% of the land area of the northern counties and urban areas in 2020, but the ecology was still fragile, and the continued warming and increasing uncertainty of climate seriously restricted the ecological recovery in the northern part of Yan’an City, which needed policy support and continuous attention.

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Study on the driving effect of attached algae growth on the degradation of submerged macrophytes in HCO₃-Ca karst lake

CHAI Xiao-zhen, LIU Shu-min

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 20-26. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.004

Abstract （204）

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Taking Lingshui Lake, a typical HCO₃-Ca type submerged vegetation degraded karst lake, as the research object, through the laboratory simulation experiment of adding Ca²⁺ and HCO₃^- concentration gradient, the change of chlorophyll a concentration of submerged macrophytes attached algae under different nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient concentration levels was explored. The results showed that adding only Ca²⁺ or HCO₃^- in different groups could promote the increase of algae chlorophyll a concentration under different nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient levels. Adding Ca²⁺ and HCO₃^- in different groups also significantly promoted the growth of attached algae, and showed an increasing trend with the increase of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient concentration.

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Study on nitrogen and phosphorus absorption rate of dominant aquatic plants in Huma River section of spawning grounds of Oncorhynchus keta

LU Wan-qiao, LI Pei-lun, LIU Wei, TANG Fu-jiang, WANG Ji-long

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 27-31. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.005

Abstract （189）

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Due to environmental changes and human interference, the spawning grounds of Oncorhynchus keta in the Huma River section breeds a large number of submerged aquatic plants that are not conducive to their breeding.In order to repair the spawning grounds, from October 2018 to January 2019, through the design of indoor experiments and mathematical statistics processing, the N and P absorption rate of several dominant aquatic plants in this section of water （Chara vulgaris, Fontinalis hypnoides and Spirogyra communis） were explored. The results showed that the three plants had different optimal absorption rates of N and P in different N/P nutrient salt solutions. The purpose of this study was to provide the relevant basis and theoretical basis for the restoration of Oncorhynchus keta spawning grounds in the Huma River by exploring the growth and nutrient salt absorption mechanisms of three submerged plants.

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Effects of different fertilization modes on soil aggregate particle size distribution and stability in protected vegetable fields

CAO Xiu-peng, HUANG Xing-xue, ZHOU Guo-lin, ZHANG Run-hua, SHI Ling-fang, DENG Yao-hua

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 32-36. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.006

Abstract （188）

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To investigate the effects of different fertilization modes on the particle size distribution and stability of soil aggregate in protected vegetable fields, five treatments were set up： no fertilization （CK）, conventional fertilizer （CF）, optimal fertilization （OF）, combined application of straw and conventional fertilizer （CFS） and combined application of straw and optimal fertilization （OFS）. The results showed that, compared with CK treatment, the particle size distribution of aggregates in CF and CK treatment was basically the same under dry sieving. The content of aggregates greater than 5 mm in OF treatment increased, the content of aggregates ranging from 2 to 5 mm in CFS treatment increased, and the content of aggregates less than 1 mm in OFS treatment increased; under wet sieving, OFS treatment significantly increased the content of 2~5 mm and 0.25~0.5 mm aggregates, and significantly decreased the content of microaggregates （<0.25 mm）. In addition, compared with CF and CK treatment, OFS treatment significantly increased the proportion of water stable aggregates greater than 0.25 mm（WR_0.25）, average weight diameter（MWD_{water stability}） and geometric average weight diameter（GMD_{water stability}）, and significantly reduced the aggregate structure damage rate（PAD）. Continuous single application of chemical fertilizer had little effect on the particle size distribution and stability of soil aggregates, and continuous OFS treatment had the best effect on improving the particle size distribution and stability of soil aggregates in vegetable fields.

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Research on the driving factors of agricultural water use in the Yellow River Basin based on LMDI and decoupling model

FENG Chen, KONG Qian-hui

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 37-42. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.007

Abstract （189）

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Based on the panel data of 9 provinces （regions） in the Yellow River Basin from 2006 to 2019, the driving factors of agricultural water use were decomposed into technical effect, economic effect, urbanization effect, and population effect through the Kaya identity, and then the LMDI model was used to explore the impact of each effect on agricultural water use. Finally, the Tapio decoupling elasticity index was introduced to further explore the response relationship between economic indicators and agricultural water use. The results showed that, on the whole, the economic effect and population effect promoted the growth of agricultural water consumption, and the economic effect was dominant; the technological effect and urbanization effect inhibited the growth of agricultural water consumption, and the technical effect was dominant. From a regional perspective, the water consumption of Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi and Shandong had declined, and agricultural water use had been effectively restrained on the whole, but Sichuan, Shanxi and Henan had not been effectively restrained. The nine provinces （regions） in the Yellow River Basin had basically achieved decoupling between agricultural water use and economic growth. Among them, Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi and Shandong had strong decoupling, and Sichuan, Shanxi and Henan had weak decoupling.

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Soil erosion of Southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau based on ¹³⁷Cs tracer method

ZHANG Zhe-yin, YI Peng, CHEN Peng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 43-49. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.008

Abstract （177）

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The Southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was selected as the research area, and it was divided into five areas from west to east according to the watershed. 43 surface soil samples were collected to measure ¹³⁷Cs activity, particle size, total organic carbon （TOC） and other data, and the soil erosion status and its influencing factors in this area were analyzed. The results showed that, the specific activity of ¹³⁷Cs of the samples ranged from 0 to 23.75 Bq/kg, with an average value of 10.48 Bq/kg, which was less than the background value of 43.7 Bq/kg, and it revealed that erosion had occurred at all sample points. Slight erosion occurred in all five areas. The erosion modulus of Region III was the largest, and the value was 16.3 t/（hm²·a）. The erosion modulus of Region V was the least, and the value was 7.8 t/（hm²·a）. In the study area, the erosion thickness first increased and then decreased with the increase of the slope, and the erosion thickness was the largest near the slope of 18°. There was no significant correlation between erosion thickness and annual average precipitation, wind speed, and vegetation coverage. There was a significant negative correlation between the erosion thickness and TOC in forest soil , while the negative correlation between the two in meadow soil was not significant.

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Effects of water-nitrogen coupling on root growth and yield of pepper in the condition of drip irrigation under film mulching

WU Yu-xiu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 50-55. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.009

Abstract （188）

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A field experiment was carried out to explore the effects of water-nitrogen coupling on root growth and yield of pepper（Capsicum frutescens L.） in the condition of drip irrigation under film mulching. Different degrees of deficient irrigation with mild deficit （W1, 3 656 m³/hm²） and moderate deficit （W2, 3 082 m³/hm²） during the flowering and fruit setting stage and full fruit stage of pepper were set up, and three nitrogen application levels of 325 kg/hm²（N1, high nitrogen）, 250 kg/hm² （N2, medium nitrogen） and 175 kg/hm²（N3, low nitrogen） were set up, with the traditional mode （irrigation rate of 4 230 m³/hm², nitrogen application rate of 325 kg/hm²） as the control treatment （CKN1）. The effects of different combinations of irrigation amount and nitrogen application rate on root growth and yield of pepper, irrigation water use efficiency and nitrogen partial factor productivity were studied.The results showed that the amount of irrigation, nitrogen application rate and their coupling effects had significant effects on yield and root growth of pepper, irrigation water use efficiency and nitrogen partial factor productivity （P<0.05）. The yield of pepper under W1N2 treatment was the highest, which was 35 189 kg/hm². Compared with other treatments, it increased by 4.37%~55.73%. And W1N2 treatment had the highest irrigation water use efficiency and high nitrogen partial factor productivity. The root growth of pepper was the highest in CKN1 treatment followed by W1N2 treatment, and there was no significant difference between the two treatments. There was no positive correlation between single irrigation amount or single nitrogen application rate and distribution parameters of the pepper root system, but the more obvious the coupling effect of water and nitrogen, the more developed the pepper root growth was. It was concluded that the optimal combination of water and nitrogen for pepper cultivation in northern Xinjiang was the irrigation amount of 3 656 m³/hm² and the nitrogen application amount of 250 kg/hm².

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Spatial pattern evolution and influencing factors of land economic density in Yunnan Province

ZHAO Hao, ZHENG Hong-gang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 56-62. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.010

Abstract （179）

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Taking 16 prefectures and cities in Yunnan Province as an example, the spatial pattern evolution and influencing factors of land economic density in Yunnan Province from 2011 to 2020 were explored by using geographical detectors, Theil index, variation coefficient, relative development rate, spatial auto-correlation analysis and hot spot analysis. The results showed that, from 2011 to 2020, the land economic density of Yunnan Province showed a pattern of “high in the middle and low on both sides, high in the south and low in the northˮ, but the difference was narrowing with time. Moran’s I index value decreased first and then increased steadily, and all were positive, indicating that there was a spatial agglomeration of land economic density. The spatial agglomeration characteristics were obvious, and the hot spots were mainly concentrated in the urban agglomeration of central Yunnan. The economic driving factors such as the total retail sales of local consumer goods and per capita GDP had great explanatory power on the land economic density in Yunnan Province, and the explanatory power of any two factors interacting with each other was better than that of a single factor.

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Spatial pattern and influencing factors analysis of national rural tourism key villages in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

GU Fang-fang, FAN Xue-xiu, JIANG Ke-shen

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 63-68. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.011

Abstract （182）

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In order to realize the high-quality development of rural leisure tourism, this paper conducted an empirical study on the spatial pattern and influencing factors of national rural tourism key villages in the Yangtze River Economic Belt through GIS spatial analysis. Firstly, the spatial pattern of rural leisure tourism was discussed and analyzed through the nearest neighbor index, imbalance index, kernel density analysis and hot spot analysis; secondly, buffer analy was used to analyze the main factors affecting the spatial pattern of rural leisure tourism. The results showed that, the national rural tourism key villages in the Yangtze River Economic Belt were clustered in spatial distribution and had a patchy distribution pattern of “single-core and multi-center”;the spatial distribution of national rural tourism key villages was obviously different, and the hotspot area presented a “two-core” distribution pattern; the natural environment, traffic location, social and economic development and tourism resource endowment had an important influence on the distribution pattern of national rural tourism key villages.

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Evaluation and spatiotemporal evolution of agricultural water use efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt——Based on SBM-Malmquist model

MIAO Xu-fei, LI Ang, YU Yuan-meng, SU Mei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 69-76. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.012

Abstract （180）

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Using the SBM model and Malmquist index method, the agricultural water use efficiency of 11 provinces （cities） in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and its spatiotemporal evolution trend based on nuclear density analysis tools were analyzed. The results showed that from 2011 to 2020, the overall agricultural water use efficiency of 11 provinces （cities） in the Yangtze River Economic Belt did not reach an effective state, and the average agricultural water use efficiency ranked in the following order： downstream region>upstream region>midstream region;technological progress and neutral and unbiased green technological progress were the main forces driving efficiency improvement;the concentration degree of inter-provincial differentiation of total factor production efficiency gradually weakened due to sequential changes at any time;according to spatial differentiation, the change index of total factor productivity was ranked in the order of midstream region>upstream region>downstream region. In the future, it was necessary to coordinate regional governance needs and development goals, promote the upgrading of water resources structure, strengthen scientific and technological investment and innovation, and provide impetus for improving agricultural water efficiency.

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The effects of 28-high brassinolide on degradation of deltamethrin residue in leek

LIAO Can, RUAN Xiang, DAI Gui-quan, XING Gao-shan, WANG Mei-mei, YIN You-dou, LI Jun-kai

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 77-80. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.013

Abstract （183）

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In order to explore the effects of 28-high brassinolide on the degradation of deltamethrin in leeks（Allium tuberosum）, with leeks as the test material, 0.01% high-brassinolide solvable agent was used as the test agent, 0.04% 24-epbrassinolide solvable agent was used as the control agent, and water was taken as the control to spray on the leeks 1 day before deltamethrin root irrigation. The leek samples were taken at 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 12, 16 d after root irrigation of 20 mg/L deltamethrin, respectively. The modified QuEChERS method was used to pretreat the leek samples, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to detect deltamethrin residue in leek samples. The results showed that one day after deltamethrin root irrigation, the residue of deltamethrin in leeks treated with 0.01% 28-high brassinolide diluted 1 000 times was the lowest, which was 19.73% lower than that in water control. The residues of deltamethrin in leeks treated with once dilution of 0.01% 28-high brassinolide （1 000 times）, twice dilution of 0.01% 28-high brassinolide （1 000 times） and water control all reached the maximum on one day after root irrigation, which were 0.046 0, 0.058 3, 0.057 3 mg/kg, respectively. Treated with 500 times, 1 000 times and 2 000 times dilution of 0.01% 28-high brassinolactone, respectively, one day after deltamethrin root irrigation, the leeks treated with 0.01% 28-high brassinolactone dilution of 1 000 times had the lowest deltamethrin residue, which was significantly lower than water control and 0.01% 28-high brassinolactone treatment at 2 000 times dilution, but no significant difference was found between the treatment and 0.01% 28-high brassinolactone treatment at 500 times dilution.

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Effects of different fertilization methods on the community structure of Collembola in black soil farmland

CHEN Wei, LIN Lin, LI Yan-qin, ZHANG Li-min

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 81-88. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.014

Abstract （163）

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In order to investigate the effects of different fertilization methods on the community structure of Collembola in black soil farmland, and promote the research on Collembola diversity and black soil protection in black soil farmland, a long-term fertilizer positioning experiment was carried out in black soil farmland of Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province from 2012 to 2021. Four different fertilization treatments of organic fertilizer （OM）, semi-organic fertilizer （OM+NPK）, inorganic fertilizer （NPK） and no fertilizer （CK） were set up respectively, and the community structure of the order was investigated under different fertilization treatments. The results showed that a total of 2 045 Collembola were obtained, belonging to 9 families. Under different fertilization treatments, the number of Collembola individuals was in the order of OM+NPK（537）> OM（536）> CK（523）>NPK（449）. The number of individuals and groups of Collembola in the OM and OM+NPK treatment increased significantly, among which Isotomidae increased the most. However, the number of individuals and groups of Collembola decreased in the NPK treatment group, and the increase in Isotomidae was the smallest compared with the other fertilization treatments. Compared with the CK treatment, the diversity index and richness index of Collembola were decreased in the three different fertilization treatments, and the diversity index of the OM+NPK treatment was the lowest. Redundancy analysis（RDA） showed that different environmental factors mainly affected the dominant groups and common groups of Collembola, which were significantly correlated with soil organic matter content and total potassium content. The indicator species analysis showed that Cyphoderidae was the indicator species for OM+NPK treatment, Neanuridae was the indicator species for NPK treatment, Hypogastruridae, Sminthuridae and Entomobryidae were the indicator species for CK treatment.

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Advances in studies on rice false smut

LIU Chun-ping, XU Zi, GONG Hong-bo, JIN Xing-guo, WEI Jing, LIU Jing, ZHANG Yong-jun, QIU Dong-feng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 89-92. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.015

Abstract （218）

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Rice false smut is a fungal disease occurring in the late stage of rice. It has occurred in China and all over the world and has become one of the major diseases of rice. In recent years, a large number of scholars have devoted themselves to the study of rice resistance to false smut, and made some progress. This paper summarized the distribution and damage, the biological characteristics and the infection mechanism of rice false smut, the interaction between rice and rice false smut, and the molecular biology of rice false smut, so as to provide reference for breeding rice varieties resistant to rice false smut.

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Effects of microbial fertilizer application on growth and soil enzyme activities of Dalbergia odorifera

YU Shi-qiang, XIAO Mei, YANG Zhen-de, YU Shu-zhong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 93-97. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.016

Abstract （180）

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The seedling of Dalbergia odorifera was taken as the test material, and the comparison experiment was carried out by non-woven bag cultivation. The effects of microbial fertilizer on the growth of Dalbergia odorifera seedlings and soil enzyme activity were studied. The results showed that, compared with CK, the application of fungus fertilizer could obviously promote the growth of Dalbergia odorifera seedlings, enhance the resistance, strengthen the coordination among each part of the seedlings, improve the quality of the seedlings and increase the activity of rhizosphere soil enzymes. Among them, the application amount of microbial fertilizer 2 g per plant had the best effect.

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Effects of different cultivation substrates on growth of Dalbergia odorifera seedlings

YU Shi-qiang, XIAO Mei, YANG Zhen-de, YU Shu-zhong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 98-102. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.017

Abstract （167）

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In order to screen out the suitable seedling substrate for the cultivation of Dalbergia odorifera seedlings, peat, perlite, sawdust and loam were used as raw materials to prepare six kinds of cultivation substrates with different proportions, and the non-woven seedling bag was used as the seedling container. The growth and physiological indexes of Dalbergia odorifera seedlings were measured after 90 days of cultivation. The results showed that there were differences in growth and physiological indexes of Dalbergia odorifera seedlings treated by different culture substrates. Among them,treatment 3（peat∶perlite∶wood sawdust∶loam=12∶2∶2∶4） showed the best morphological growth and internal physiological metabolic activity, and most indicators were significantly better than those of CK（P<0.05）. The total fresh weight, total biomass, root-shoot ratio, number of nodules per unit mass, root activity and seedling quality index were 2.37, 2.46, 1.29, 2.90, 1.31 and 2.84 times of CK, respectively. Therefore, treatment 3 was the best cultivation substrate ratio of Dalbergia odorifera seedlings in this study. In addition, matrix permeability was also one of the main factors affecting the cultivation of Dalbergia odorifera seedlings.

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Effects of different treatments with promoting survival by keeping the seedlings trunks on the growth of Koelreuteria paniculata and Punica granatum transplanted seedlings

LI Xi-mei, CHEN Tong-hui, FAN Shu-miao, HONG Li-ya, LI Zong-quan, ZHANG Dang-quan, LI Ming-wan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 103-108. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.018

Abstract （247）

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In order to enhance the quality control of afforestation and improve the survival rate and growth of transplanted seedlings, common afforestation and economic trees in China, Koelreuteria paniculata and Punica granatum were taken as materials. A series of measures with promoting survival by keeping the seedlings trunks were adopted to explore the rescue strategy of delayed seedlings after transplanting by setting different treatment groups. Based on the formulation of the classification of seedling trunk germination viability, the germination survival rate, trunk survival index, growth, water content and root quality of each treatment were investigated in different periods. The results showed that, compared with the control treatment （L1 and S1）, the germination survival rate and trunk survival index of L3 and S3 were increased by 19.30, 52.01 percent point and 11.90, 13.50 percent point, respectively. The rejuvenation period was 60 and 75 days shorter than that of L1 and S1. In terms of annual growth, the average plant height and ground diameter of L3 and S3 were higher than those of other treatments, increasing by 45.33%, 57.84% and 38.14%, 81.82%, respectively. The water retention measures of L3 and S3 could effectively increase the moisture content of seedling trunks and promote the survival of roots and the germination of new roots. The proposed measures provided technical references for improving the survival rate and quality of ecological forests and economic forests.

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Tea tourism development and mode optimization based on landscape perspective

SUO Guang-li, HU Jun-ming, ZHANG Jun-hui, ZHENG Fu-hai, LI Ting-ting, YU Yue-feng, ZHOU Feng-jue

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 109-113. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.019

Abstract （173）

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Landscape affects human health and living environment, and tea tourism is an important development mode for the transformation of tea industry. Exploring the development of tea tourism from the perspective of landscape is helpful to provide an innovative path for the high-quality development of tea industry. Through relevant literature at home and abroad, the formation, type and circulation of tea tourism and other landscape tea garden construction contents were discussed, and combined with SWOT analysis, the connotation and development mode of tea tourism development were analyzed. It was found that insufficient resource mining, serious homogenization, neglecting ecological value, tea cultural heritage mining lagging and other phenomena seriously restricted the development of tea tourism mode. To the end, several new optimal development paths of tea tourism mode were put forward, such as constructing natural landscape ecology, enhancing tea culture carrier, mining red culture connotation and innovating national culture endowment.

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The effects of environmental factors on secondary metabolite of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi

WANG Wei-jie, XU Dong-chuan, ZHANG Xiu-ru, YU Ming, LIN Hui-bin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 114-117. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.020

Abstract （151）

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The growth of the medicinal plant Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is subjected to various environmental stresses, which to some extent can be beneficial to the growth and development of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. This article reviewed the effects of environmental stresses such as drought, light, temperature, and soil on secondary metabolites of Scutellaria baicalensis. It was hoped to provide theoretical basis for the cultivation and high yield promotion of Scutellaria baicalensis by understanding the stress resistance mechanism of Scutellaria baicalensis.

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Isolation, identification and characteristic analysis of three new pathogenic bacteria of Apostichopus japonicus

XU Xiao-ran, GE Chang-zi, ZHANG Yu-qun, LIU Hong-zhan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 118-122. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.021

Abstract （167）

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Three dominant pathogenic bacteria WY-1, WY-8 and LY-2 were isolated from the skin canker tissue of Apostichopus japonicus infected with severe skin rot. The isolated strains were identified by morphological observation, biochemical identification, 16S rRNA molecular identification, drug sensitivity analysis, growth characteristics analysis and other methods. WY-1, WY-8 and LY-2 were arranged in a grape-like shape on 2216E solid medium with the color of milky white, and Gram staining was positive. The artificial infection test showed that the three strains of bacteria had strong pathogenicity to pseudoacanthus japonicus, and could cause the skin ulcer and other symptoms, which were the same as natural infection symptoms. Through 16S rRNA molecular sequencing and phylogenetic tree construction, it was confirmed that the strains WY-8, WY-1 and LY-2 had the highest homology with Staphylococcus haematolyticus, Staphylococcus saprophytius and Staphylococcus epidermidis, respectively, and clustered into one branch in the phylogenetic tree. Combined with morphological and biochemical identification, WY-8, WY-1 and LY-2 were Staphylococcus haematolyticus,Staphylococcus saprophytius and Staphylococcus epidermidis, respectively. The drug sensitivity test showed that tetracycline and oxytetracycline, commonly used antibiotics in marine aquatic products, had inhibitory effects on three strains of pathogenic Staphylococcus. The growth characteristics test showed that the three strains of pathogenic Staphylococcus had the growth characteristics of adapting to high temperature and low salt.

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Comparison analysis of infrared spectrum characteristics of body hair in different parts of Myodes rufocanus

YANG Wen-jian, ZHOU Si-yu, SU Hang, WANG Xiang-xu, JIN Zhi-min

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 123-126. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.022

Abstract （164）

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To understand the infrared spectrum characteristics of the body hair of different parts of Myodes rufocanus, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR） and second derivative infrared spectroscopy （SD-IR） were used to analyze the dorsal and abdominal hairs of the Myodes rufocanus. Results showed that the infrared spectrum of dorsal and abdominal hairs formed obvious absorption peaks around 1 560 cm^-1（amide Ⅱ band） and 1 637 cm^-1（amide Ⅰ band）. The bending vibration absorption peak of O=C-N groups of the amide Ⅳ band, one of the typical amide group absorption characteristic peaks in the protein infrared spectrum, appeared in the same position （621, 643 cm^-1）. The bending vibration absorption peaks of N-H groups in the amide Ⅴ band all appeared in 678, 781 cm^-1, but at the same time, the back hair had the bending vibration absorption peaks of N-H groups in the amide side band in 685 cm^-1, but the abdominal hair was not observed. In the second derivative spectra of the back hair and abdominal hair, the absorption peaks in 702, 777, 786, 1 646, 1 633 and 1 654 cm^-1 were basically the same. However, the back hair had a smaller peak in 726 cm^-1, while the abdominal hair had a distinct single peak in 1 687~1 694 cm^-1, and the back hair had an indistinct W-shaped pattern in this position. The back hair and abdominal hair of Myodes rufocanus could reflect the characteristics of the species. In the range of 600~800 cm^-1, the amide group was more obvious, and the infrared spectrum and second derivative spectrum of back and abdominal hair were very similar. In addition, there were differences in the infrared spectrum of Myodes rufocanus back hair and abdominal hair, especially in the range of 600~800 cm^-1 and 1 600~1 800 cm^-1.

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Isolation, identification, and drug resistance analysis of a strain of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli derived from piglet and preparation of its specific yolk antibody

YIN Jia-yin, YU Jiao, TANG Qing-hai, TENG Wei, YANG Kun, CAO Xin, XU Qing, LIU Bo, LI Ze

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 127-134. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.023

Abstract （163）

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To identify the pathogen of diarrhea of piglets in a large-scale pig farm and prepare the specific yolk antibody, bacterial isolation and culture, biochemical test, 16SrRNA PCR identification, phylogenetic tree analysis, drug sensitivity test and other methods were used to study the disease materials. Antigen was prepared by whole cell inactivation and ultrasonic fragmentation. It was emulsified with different adjuvants（ISA 71VG, ISA201VG and 15AVG） to prepare immunized laying hens, the high immune yolk antibody was extracted with polyethylene glycol, the mass and concentration of the Antibody were identified by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and Bradford method, and the antibody titer was determined by two-way AGAR diffusion test. Results showed that the shape, size and biochemical characteristics of the isolates were consistent with escherichia coli. The bands of E. coli-estb and elt were 113 and 272 bp, respectively. The elt and estb genes of the isolates were in the same branch as those of the American epidemic strains, such as UMNK88. They were in a different branch from the Danish strain CFSAN018748 and the Swiss strain 14OD0056. The isolates were sensitive to cefotaxime, norfloxacin and cotrimoxazole, mediated to ceftriaxone and polymyxin B, and resistant to doxycycline, furazolidone and many aminoglycosides and quinolones. The heavy chain （about 70 ku） and light chain （about 25 ku） of yolk antibody were obvious in each group, and the purity was high. The yolk antibody protein content of the vaccine produced by the combination of bacteria solution treated with 0.2% formaldehyde and ISA 15AVG at 56 d after the first immunization was the highest （1.462 mg/g yolk）, followed by the yolk antibody protein content of the vaccine produced by the combination of bacteria solution treated with ultrasonic disruption and ISA 71VG at 56 days after the first immunization（1.459 mg/g yolk）. The titers of serum antibody and egg yolk antibody were as high as 1∶16 and 1∶4, respectively, when the ultrasonic broken antigen was combined with ISA 71VG.

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Study on the content of total flavonoids, total phenolic acids and antioxidant activity of extracts from Artemisia argyi

WANG Qian, YANG Li-bo, CUI Mei-xiang, WANG Nai-ze, ZHAO Min, WU Yu-cui

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 135-139. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.024

Abstract （158）

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The total flavonoids and total phenolic acids were extracted by ultrasonic-assisted extraction. The ABTS⁺ free radical and DPPH free radical scavenging experiments were used to study the antioxidant capacity of extracts from Artemisia argyi in different years. The results showed that the contents of total flavonoids and total phenolic acids in fresh Artemisia argyi, Artemisia argyi stored for one year, Artemisia argyi stored for three years and residue of Artemisia argyi stored for three years were significantly different. Among them, the contents of total flavonoids and total phenolic acids were highest in Artemisia argyi stored for three years, and it had a strong antioxidant activity. Next was Artemisia argyi storage for one year. The content of total flavonoids and total phenolic acids in fresh Artemisia argyi was the lowest and the scavenging effect on free radicals was relatively low. The correlation study showed that there was no significant correlation between total flavonoids and total phenolic acids content and antioxidant activity evaluated by DPPH and ABTS⁺.

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Effects of mixed fermentation on chemical components and aroma quality of cigar tobacco leaves

MAO Ya-hao, ZHANG Tong-tong, YU Jun, LI Dao-yu, CHEN Xiong, YANG Chun-lei, YAO Lan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 140-145. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.025

Abstract （176）

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In order to study the effect of mixed fermentation on the quality of cigar tobacco leaves, strain C1 screened from the surface of tobacco leaves and yeast were added to the fermentation to explore their effects on the chemical composition and aroma quality of cigar tobacco leaves. The results showed that the contents of reducing sugar and total sugar in tobacco leaves were 0.28%~0.32% and 0.70%~0.83% respectively after single strain fermentation, 0.21%~0.26% and 0.60% respectively after mixed fermentation. Compared with the fermentation with strain C1 alone, the total amount of aroma substances in cigar tobacco leaves fermented by strain C1 and Hanseniaspora uvarum was increased by 56.40%, indicating that adding strain C1 and yeast to the mixed fermentation of cigar tobacco leaves was more beneficial to improve the aroma quality of cigar tobacco leaves and reduce the impurities.

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Aroma analysis and application of green kumquat essential oil

SHENG Li

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 146-150. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.026

Abstract （160）

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The sensory evaluation method was used to evaluate the difference between steam distilled green kumquat essential oil and pressed green kumquat essential oil,the volatile components of the two were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that the steam-distilled green kumquat essential oil and the pressed green kumquat essential oil showed obvious differences in appearance and aroma. The kumquat essential oil obtained by distillation was a colorless and transparent oily liquid, while the green kumquat essential oil obtained by the pressing method was a cyan transparent oily liquid, and the performance of the pressed green kumquat essential oil in terms of freshness, green aroma and characteristic aroma was obviously better than that of the steam-distilled green kumquat essential oil. The green kumquat essential oil by steam distillation was identified 40 compounds, including 16 alkenes, 13 alcohols, 6 esters, 4 aldehydes and 1 ketone, with the proportion of 81.40%, 6.24%, 2.85%, 1.97% and 0.07%, respectively. 47 kinds of compounds were identified in the pressed green kumquat essential oil, including 19 alkenes, 13 alcohols, 8 esters, 5 aldehydes, 1 ketone and 1 hydrocarbon, with the proportion of 78.01%, 11.77%, 5.73%, 2.60%, 0.14% and 0.91%, respectively. Finally, the aromatizing test in green kumquat juice was conducted. The optimal scheme was to add 0.20% of distilled green kumquat essential oil and 0.05% of pressed green kumquat essential oil simultaneously.

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Study on extraction and physicochemical properties of starch from Thladiantha dubia Bunge tuber

WANG Yu-ru, MU Wen-jing, LIANG Liang-jin, ZHAO Zhong-li, AOEN Baolige

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 151-155. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.027

Abstract （146）

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The cellulase extraction process of Thladiantha dubia Bunge tuber starch was studied by single factor experiment and orthogonal optimization experiment. The physicochemical properties of Thladiantha dubia Bunge tuber starch were further studied with potato starch and corn starch as control samples. The results showed that the optimum technological condition for extracting starch from Thladiantha dubia Bunge tuber by cellulase was enzymatic hydrolysis temperature of 50 ℃, enzyme concentration of 0.5%, pH of 5.0 and enzymatic hydrolysis time of 3 h. Under these conditions, the starch recovery could reach 88.75%; the starch content, water content, protein content, fat content and ash content of crude starch were 79.2%, 13.0%, 0.11%, 0.10% and 0.65%, respectively; the starch particle size of Thladiantha dubia Bunge tuber showed a bimodal distribution, the diameter was concentrated at 2.00~50.00 μm, the average particle size was 35.25 μm, and the particle size was between corn starch and potato starch; the transparency of starch paste was moderate, higher than that of commercially available corn starch, lower than that of commercially available potato starch; the starch of Thladiantha dubia Bunge tuber has no significant difference in water precipitation rate with potato starch and corn starch; the freeze-thaw stability of starch paste of Thladiantha dubia Bunge tuber was similar to that of potato starch paste and corn starch paste;the initial swelling temperature and swelling characteristics were similar to those of corn starch.

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Quality standards for Bletilla striata freeze-dried tablets based on 12 producing areas

XU Yu-sheng, TENG Xiao-mei, XIN Wen-feng, GAO Ming-ju, TIAN Ying-qiu, YU Zheng-yong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 156-162. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.028

Abstract （205）

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Based on the medicinal materials of Bletilla striata from 12 producing areas, the quality standards for its freeze-dried tablets were explored. By identifying the general physical and chemical properties of Bletilla striata freeze-dried tablets from different origins, and determining the total polysaccharide content, water content, total ash content, sulfur dioxide residue, the content of [4 -（β-D-glucopyranoxy） benzyl] -2-isobutyl malate Militarine and the content of extracts, the quality of Bletilla striata freeze-dried tablets was evaluated. The results showed that the total polysaccharide content of Bletilla striata freeze-dried tablets from 12 producing areas was 28.2%~50.9%, and the content of Militarine was 5.32%~10.73%. The total polysaccharide content, water content, total ash content, extract content, and Militarine content in Bletilla striata freeze-dried tablets complied with the standards of the “Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China： Four Parts”（2015 edition）.

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Technology and quality standard of Yinaoxin Tablet

XUE Cai-hong, TENG Ming, ZHOU Jin-gen

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 163-167. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.029

Abstract （218）

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The orthogonal design was used to optimize the water extraction process of Yinaoxin Tablets, and the single factor method was used to screen the molding process. After refining, concentration, granulation, drying, pressing and coating, Yinaoxin Tablet was prepared. The Polygoni multiflori Praeparata and Gastrodiae rhizoma in Yinaoxin Tablet were qualitatively identified by the thin layer chromatography （TLC）, and the content of salvianolic acid B was determined by the high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The preparation process was as follows： Gastrodiae rhizoma was crushed into fine powder, and the rest herbs were decocted with 8-folds water for 1 hour. After filtration and standing for 4 hours, the supernatant was filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to the thick paste with a relative density of 1.25~1.30 （80 ℃）. Then Gastrodiae rhizoma powder was added, mixed, dried to dry paste, and then crushed into the fine powder. Talcum powder was added, mixed, and granulated with 70% ethanol solution. Then drying, granule sieving, adding magnesium stearate, mixing, compressing to the tablet, and sugar-coating were conducted to obtain the Yinaoxin Tablet. In the TLC identification, the main spots of Polygoni multiflori Praeparata and Gastrodiae rhizoma in Yinaoxin Tablet were clear, and the negative control had no interference. The average content of Salvianolic acid B in the test solution of Yinaoxin Tablet was 2.36 mg/tablet. The optimized preparation process of Yinaoxin tablets in this study was stable, and the quality control method was accurate and reliable, which provided a basis for the secondary development of Yinaoxin Granules.

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Multi-time soil moisture dynamic prediction based on RF-BiLSTM neural network

LI Wei, KUANG Chang-wu, HU Xin-xin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 168-174. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.030

Abstract （151）

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In order to explore the change characteristics of soil moisture and improve the prediction accuracy of soil moisture, a soil moisture prediction method based on the combination of random forest and two-way long-term and short-term memory network（RF-BiLSTM） was proposed. Using the hourly data of soil volume moisture at the depth of 10 cm from 2016 to 2021 of Sanya National Climate Observatory and the data of 7 meteorological elements （air temperature, ground temperature, 10 cm ground temperature, sunshine hours, relative humidity, precipitation and evaporation） in the same period, the multi-time soil moisture prediction was carried out. The results showed that the average absolute errors （MAE） of RF-BiLSTM model for predicting soil volume water content after 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours were 0.462%, 0.702%, 0.889% and 1.282% respectively, and the determination coefficients （R²） were 0.983, 0.967, 0.951 and 0.913 respectively. The accuracy was higher than that of the long short-term memory neural network model, and BP neural network model.

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Multi-feature intelligent pricing model of agricultural products considering price foam

LI Yue

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 175-179. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.031

Abstract （135）

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Considering that some agricultural products were prone to high price foam due to their investment value, which would bring risks to product pricing, an improved supremum unit root test to measure the duration and intensity of price foam was proposed, and the influencing factors of tea prices with the help of bp-topsis model was analyzed, so as to carry out intelligent pricing calculation. The results showed that the GSADF values of product 1 and product 2 were 14.10 and 13.42 respectively, which were both higher than the corresponding simulation critical value of 2.35. Therefore, it indicated that there was a certain degree of price foam in both products. Moreover, product 1 had a high investment value, and its price foam value was between 320 and 1 770 yuan, which was much higher than that of product 2 with direct consumption value. Therefore, product 1 was at a high risk level in terms of foam burst. Thus the effectiveness of the model in preventing the risk of foam burst was verified.

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Estimation of bergamot leaves SPAD value based on UAV multi spectral images

LI Rui-jun, CHEN Zhi-hu, SHU Tian, LIU Chun-yan, XU Yuan-hong, SUN Chang-qing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 180-184. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.032

Abstract （142）

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Taking the bergamot in Nongyuan Village, Haohuahong Town, Huishui County, Guizhou Province as the research object, through acquiring the multi spectral images of the unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV） in the bergamot planting base, the vegetation index were calculated, the correlation between different vegetation indexes and SPAD values were analyzed, and the input variables of the model was screened out. Using partial least squares （PLS） and random forest （RF） to build SPAD estimation models, the SPAD values of green and yellow leaves of bergamot were estimated. The results showed that, besides CIre, NDVI, GNDVI, RVI and SPAD values had a strong correlation. In the PLS estimation model of green leaves and yellow leaves, the validation set R² were 0.814 and 0.660 respectively, and the RMSE were 1.12 and 1.16 respectively. The SPAD value estimation effect of green leaves was higher than that of yellow leaves. In RF model, R² of validation set and model building was lower than that of PLS model. Therefore, based on multispectral images, the SPAD estimation model of bergamot leaves established by PLS method was better than the RF model, which could realize the rapid estimation of SPAD values of bergamot leaves.

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A regional scale management partition algorithm for winter wheat planting based on FSCC

WAN Qing-song, LUO Xiao-jiao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 185-189. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.033

Abstract （149）

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Feature selection based on correlation clustering algorithm（FSCC） has a direct impact on the scale management of winter wheat planting areas. Taking a certain area in Chongqing City as the research object, the impact of FSCC on the accuracy of winter wheat planting area scale management zoning was analyzed. Firstly, a data sample library was established using clustering algorithms to study the spatial distribution characteristics of winter wheat planting areas, while calculating regional accuracy, average regional accuracy, standard deviation of regional accuracy, root mean square error, and deviation. Then, a subset of features was selected to achieve data partitioning calculation. The results showed that FSCC had a significant impact on the accuracy of regional scale management zoning for winter wheat cultivation. In the process of implementing zoning management, it is necessary to simultaneously consider four factors： FSCC, spatial monitoring range, crop types, and planting density of winter wheat. Through mutual adjustment, it was ensured that the zoning effect was optimal, thereby improving the planting yield of winter wheat.

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Molecular identification of Bactrocera minax larvae in Taihu Lake County based on DNA barcode technology

JIA Xiao-yun, XING Yao-chun, MA Xiao-jing, LI Kai-qiu, ZHUO Zhi-bin, WU Jun-xia, YANG Wen-zhao, ZENG Ling-yu, ZHAO Yan, WANG Yu-ning, LI Zhi-hong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 190-193. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.034

Abstract （147）

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In order to accurately identify the fruit fly larvae collected from Tianhua Town, Taihu Lake County, Anhui Province, five fruit fly larvae were randomly selected as sample materials, and their molecular identification was carried out using DNA barcode technology and PCR technology. The results showed that the DNA bar code sequence of the fruit fly larva sample was 100% similar to the standard sequence of Bactrocera minax in BOLD database; the phylogenetic tree was constructed using the MAGA-X software. The sample sequence of fruit fly larvae and the Bactrocera minax sequence in the NCBI database formed a single line, which was clearly distinguished from its related species; PCR was carried out with specific primers of citrus fruit fly, and the length of the product was consistent with the characteristics of the amplified sequence length of the specific primers, indicating that the five samples of fruit fly larvae were Bactrocera minax.

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Full-length transcriptome sequencing and analysis of yellow catfish based on PacBio platform

WANG Jia-qi, XIONG Yang, HAN Qing-qing, HUANG Pei-pei, MEI Jie

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 194-201. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.035

Abstract （156）

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In order to further enrich the genomic information database of yellow catfish （Pelteobagrus fulvidraco）, the full-length transcriptome of liver, kidney, muscle, brain, spleen, heart, skin, blood, gill, and gonad tissues of yellow catfish was sequenced using the PacBio sequel platform. A total of 685 574 full-length non-chimeric read （FLNC） sequences were obtained, and 72 509 non-redundant isoforms with an average length of 2 918 bp were acquired by aligning with the genome of yellow catfish. 3 169 LncRNA, 45 872 alternative splicing events, 4 881 genes with variable polyadenylation sites, and 304 fusion genes were identified. After analyzing the 12 492 identified new genes in five public databases including NR, GO, KEGG, KOG, and Swissprot, 7 233 isoforms were successfully annotated. The new genes were mainly enriched in the Cellular process, Cell, and Binding categories according to GO analysis. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that the new genes were mainly enriched in the Signal transduction and Immune system signaling pathways. In addition, the metabolic pathways of the endocrine system related to reproduction and breeding of yellow catfish included the Oxytocin, Estrogen, Progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation, Gonadotropin releasing hormone, and Ovarian steroidogenesis signaling pathways.

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New ideas for agricultural economic development in the context of e-commerce development

MAN Xue-hao, YU Xue-li

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 202-205. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.036

Abstract （176）

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In order to explain the new changes brought by e-commerce to agriculture, taking Dinglou Village and Qingyanliu Village as examples, the paper analyzed the e-commerce enabling agricultural model from the four aspects of market environment, policy environment, production mode and logistics environment, realized the development of agricultural economy, and proposed to play the role of the government, introduced agricultural laws and regulations, strengthen the brand construction of agricultural products, improve the quality supervision system, updated the villagers’ concept, and introduced e-commerce training.

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Innovation of operation mode of organic agricultural products in the context of “Internet+”

CHENG Hai-tao, CUI Qiao-ling

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 206-210. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.037

Abstract （154）

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Based on the literature analysis method, the development status of China’s organic agricultural products industry was analyzed, and on this basis, the innovation of the online sales model of organic agricultural products was expounded, and the value research and judgment and business service system of group purchase, online and offline community business models was combed in detail. Based on the comparison with the traditional organic agricultural product VCC model, a new operation mode （VCC model+network platform） was proposed. The operation mode could reduce the operation cost, play the role of community communication, strengthen consumer confidence in products, and enhance the positive influence of friendly farming environment.

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Study on agricultural production elasticity based on the transcendental logarithmic production function

LU Dong-ning, SI Xu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 211-217. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.038

Abstract （149）

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Based on the agricultural time series data from 2002 to 2021, the transcendental logarithmic production function model was constructed and the ridge regression estimation method was used to effectively analyze the output elasticity, substitution elasticity and relative technological changes of various factors of agricultural production. The results showed that the output elasticity of land in China’s agricultural production factors was relatively high. The substitution elasticity between elements was above 1. Agricultural technology was inclined to labor-saving change. Therefore, agricultural production must adapt to local conditions, improve the spatial allocation of agricultural elements, strengthen the matching degree between technology and elements in agricultural production, improve agricultural productivity and realize a new model of sustainable agricultural production.

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Measurement of economic comprehensive efficiency of cross-regional co-construction parks in the Yangtze River Delta

WANG Ting, LI Yi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 218-225. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.039

Abstract （142）

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Based on the government website and the city statistical yearbook, the economic development data of the cross-regional co-construction parks in Yangtze River Delta during 2015—2019 were collected, and the SBM model and Malmquist index were used to comprehensively measure the economy of the 23 co-construction parks in the Yangtze River Delta. The results showed that the co-construction parks with natural resources as the theme, especially those with high requirements for land resources and park size, because of the characteristics of low industrial level and single structure, tended to be at a disadvantage in the comparison and development of park economy, which were easy to be affected by external factors; the parks with high-tech industries as the theme, had low requirements for land resources and park size, and had strong economic development; there were obvious regional and time differences in the economic growth of co-construction parks in the Yangtze River Delta, and the comprehensive economic efficiency of co-construction parks in the secondary industry was higher, which was shown as Jiangsu Province > Anhui Province, Zhejiang Province; the input of comprehensive technology, especially the pure technical efficiency was the guarantee of the economic efficiency of the park, and the technological progress improved the production efficiency and development speed of the park. According to the current development situation of the co-construction park, some relevant suggestions were put forward, such as strengthening the land utilization standard, improving the land utilization rate, accelerating the multi-level industrial upgrading and improving the level of science and technology development.

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An empirical analysis on the coupling and coordinated development of rural tourism and characteristic agriculture：Taking Shennongjia Forestry District in Hubei Province as an example

WANG Xue-ting, WEI Jun-ying, DAI Hao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 226-231. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.040

Abstract （140）

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Taking Shennongjia Forestry District in Hubei Province as the research object, based on the time series data of rural tourism and characteristic agriculture from 2008 to 2019, the coupling degree of rural tourism and characteristic agriculture in Shennongjia Forestry District was analyzed using methods such as entropy weight method, coupling degree model and coupling coordination degree model. The results showed that from 2008 to 2019, the comprehensive evaluation index of rural tourism and characteristic agriculture in Shennongjia Forestry District showed an overall upward trend, and the development speed of rural tourism was faster than that of characteristic agriculture; the coupling degree of the two systems had developed from medium to high correlation, indicating that the trend of rural tourism and characteristic agriculture in Shennongjia Forestry District was consistent, and the coupling effects of the two systems was strong; the coupling coordination degree was currently at the primary coupling coordination stage, and the coupling coordination needed to be strengthened. Finally, some countermeasures and suggestions were proposed to further promote the coordinated development of rural tourism and characteristic agriculture in Shennongjia Forestry District.

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An empirical study on the spatial spillover effects of agricultural economic growth and agricultural carbon emission intensity

QIN Yu-xin, LI Shu-chao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 232-238. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.041

Abstract （160）

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Based on the panel data of 31 provinces（cities, autonomous regions） in China from 2007 to 2020, the impact of agricultural economic growth was studied on agricultural carbon emission intensity and the spatial spillover effect using a spatial econometric model. The results showed that the economic growth indicators represented by agricultural carbon emission intensity and per capita agricultural GDP showed a spatial aggregation pattern dominated by H-H agglomeration and L-L agglomeration; the agricultural machinery input was positively correlated with the agricultural carbon emission intensity index. The higher the proportion of agricultural planting, the higher the agricultural carbon emission intensity; economic growth and technological progress were conducive to reducing the intensity of agricultural carbon emissions in the region. Therefore, it was necessary to coordinate regional development, promote regional coordinated development, increase investment in agricultural science and technology, improve the technical level of agricultural environmental pollution prevention, use space interaction, and establish incentive mechanisms to promote agricultural green production.

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Analysis of agricultural eco-efficiency in Henan Province based on grey water footprint and carbon emission

LI Wen-yan, LI Bing-jun, MA Wen-ya

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 239-246. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.042

Abstract （148）

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In order to promote the coordinated development of the agricultural economy and ecology in Henan Province, firstly, considering the impact of agricultural production on water resources and climate, the grey water footprint and carbon emission of Henan Province from 2000 to 2020 were calculated respectively. Secondly, from the perspective of the impact of agricultural production on the economy and environment, the growth rate of agricultural output value was compared with the average growth rate of the grey water footprint and carbon emission, and the agricultural ecological development status of Henan Province was comprehensively evaluated. Finally, from the perspective of input and output, using super SBM model, the grey water footprint and carbon emission were taken as environmental indicators into the ecological efficiency evaluation system, and the agricultural ecological efficiency of Henan Province from 2000 to 2020 was measured and evaluated. The results showed that the grey water footprint was mainly inverted “√” in three stages, and the carbon emission was inverted “√” in two stages. Except for a few years, the economic impact of agriculture was greater than the environmental impact, and the environmental pollution had improved obviously in recent years. From 2000 to 2004, the GWCAEE in Henan Province was in an effective state, from 2005 to 2014, the GWCAEE in Henan Province showed a fluctuating downward trend and remained in an inefficient state, and from 2015 to 2020, the GWCAEE in Henan Province gradually increased and reached an effective value in 2019.

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Research on refinement governance of rural ecological environment：Based on the investigation of Z town in the Anhui Province

ZHOU Quan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 247-252. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.043

Abstract （148）

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Refinement governance is very important to improve the governance level of rural ecological environment. Using the methods of literature research and field survey, based on the practical investigation of Z town in Anhui Province, it showed that the multi-dimensional construction based on factor input promoted resource refinement, process reengineering promoted responsibility refinement, multi-governing promoted structural refinement and “Internet+” promoted technology refinement would provide a possible space for the refinement governance of rural ecological environment. Meanwhile, by taking measures such as cultivating environmental refinement culture, perfecting the environmental legalization system, strengthening environmental trace management and promoting bottom-up assessment, the disadvantages of movement governance could be effectively avoided, in order to provide reference for the approach of refinement governance of rural ecological environment and help realize rural revitalization.

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Analysis on the sustainable livelihood of peasant households in ethnic areas under the influence of rural tourism

SUN Wan-qing, YU Xiao-ling, XU Kang-ning, YAN Jia-chen

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (4): 253-256. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.04.044

Abstract （138）

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Taking Tajik Autonomous County of Taxkorgan of Xinjiang as an example, the sustainable livelihood of peasant households in ethnic areas under the influence of rural tourism was analyzed through constructing the analysis and evaluation index system of peasant householdsʼ sustainable livelihood. The results showed that the comprehensive score of sustainable livelihood of peasant households in Tajik Autonomous County of Taxkorgan was 0.415, which was in the middle level. Livelihood capital had the greatest impact on the sustainable livelihood of peasant households in Tajik Autonomous County of Taxkorgan. The transformation of livelihood structure and process was obvious. The peasant households in Tajik Autonomous County of Taxkorgan faced some problems, such as the limitation of natural factors, the low level of education, the proportion of tourism labor force to be increased, and the inheritance and protection of ethnic culture to be further improved. Relevant suggestions were put forward to solve these problems.

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Relationship between millet yield and rainfall as well as its main agronomic traits

NIU Yin-ting, CHEN Pei-yu, JU Le, QIANG Xue-jie, YU Xing-jian, YIN Zhi-gang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 1-4. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.001

Abstract （242）

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Based on the field performance of millet （Setaria italica Beauv.） variety Yugu 18 in Nanyang City, Henan Province in the past five years, the relationship between rainfall and millet yield was studied. The influencing factors of millet yield were analyzed by correlation analysis and principal component analysis in order to provide a scientific basis for high-yield cultivation techniques of millet in Nanyang City. The results showed that the factors affecting millet yield from large to small were rainfall, ear grain mass, single ear mass, ear diameter, ear length, 1 000-grain weight, growth period, sunshine hours, grain emergence rate, plant height and number of ears. Among them, the yield was negatively correlated with rainfall, 1 000-grain mass, growth period and plant height, and the correlation with rainfall reached a significant level （P<0.05）; the yield was positively correlated with other indicators, and the correlation with ear grain mass and single ear mass reached a significant level （P<0.05）. Rainfall was negatively correlated with the main agronomic traits of millet such as single ear mass, ear grain mass, ear length and ear diameter. When rainfall was high, the agronomic traits such as ear mass, ear grain mass, ear length, and ear diameter became smaller, and disease such as millet blast, and bacterial brown streak disease was severe, ultimately leading to lower yields. Therefore, a plot or hilly slope with high terrain, flat terrain and waterlogging resistance should be chosen when planting millet in Nanyang City. It is necessary to prevent millet blast and bacterial brown streak disease in years with high rainfall.

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Effects of different densities of Pelophylax nigromaculatus on rice yields and soil fertility in paddy fields

LI Xing-hua, CHEN Zhan-peng, CAI Zheng-jun, ZOU Cai-qiong, ZHANG Zhong-nan, ZHANG Wen-chao, DING Feng-ju

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 5-7. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.002

Abstract （223）

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In order to optimize the fertilization technology of rice in rice and frog co-cropping mode, a field experiment was conducted with 4 densities of Pelophylax nigromaculatus, and the effects of different densities of Pelophylax nigromaculatus on rice yields and soil fertility in paddy fields were analyzed. The results showed that the effective panicles per unit area increased significantly with the increase of the density of Pelophylax nigromaculatus in the paddy field. Rice yield, soil pH, organic matter and nutrient contents also showed an upward trend as the increase of the density of Pelophylax nigromaculatus. Compared to before the test, soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus at the end of one season increased by 2.3%~89.0%, while total potassium and available potassium decreased by 6.9%~24.4%. Therefore, it does not apply nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer to rice production, but only apply appropriate amount of potassium fertilizer in rice and frog co-cropping mode.

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Spatio-temporal evolution and spatial correlation of carbon emissions in Guiyang City based on land use change

ZHOU Wei-ting

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 8-13. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.003

Abstract （190）

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Taking Guiyang City as an example, based on the 30 m land cover remote sensing data from 2000 to 2020, the land use transfer matrix, carbon emission calculation model and spatial auto-correlation were used to analyze the spatio-temporal evolution and spatial correlation of land use types and carbon emissions in Guiyang City, to provide reference for the realization of regional “dual carbon” goal and the development of the green and low-carbon economic model. The results showed that from 2000 to 2020, the total carbon emission of land use in Guiyang City had a rapid growth rate on the whole, and the carbon source showed an increasing trend. The carbon source mainly consisted of construction land, and the carbon sink mainly consisted of forest land with only slight fluctuation. In terms of the spatial differences of carbon emissions from 2000 to 2020, the heavy carbon emission areas were mainly concentrated in Yunyan District and Nanming District, and showed a westward expansion trend; the moderate carbon emission areas were mainly concentrated in the southwest and northeast wings of Guiyang City, and showed a northeast shift trend. In terms of spatial correlation, the carbon emission of land use in Guiyang City showed a positive spatial correlation in 2000, and a negative spatial correlation with increasing correlation from 2005 to 2020. The pattern of land use carbon emission in Guiyang City was not optimistic, and the structure and intensity of land use were in urgent need of adjustment. Therefore, feasible low-carbon emission reduction policies should be formulated according to the actual situation of Guiyang City to promote the low-carbon, efficient and sustainable utilization of regional land resources.

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Analysis of influencing factors of farmland fragmentation based on geographical detector： A case study of Guangzhou City

CHEN Jun-tao, LIN Jin-yao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 14-21. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.004

Abstract （201）

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Guangzhou was selected as the research area. The landscape pattern index method, comprehensive index method and principal component analysis method were used to construct the evaluation system of farmland fragmentation degree, and the comprehensive index of farmland fragmentation degree of each town and street unit in the region was calculated. Ten quantifiable factors of natural conditions and human social activity were selected, and the geographical detector model was used to detect the impact of 10 factors on farmland fragmentation. The results showed that all 10 factors were the influencing factors of farmland fragmentation in Guangzhou City. The influence of the single factor on farmland fragmentation from strong to weak was urban administrative center distance factor, temperature factor, GDP factor, slope factor and altitude factor, precipitation factor, construction land distance factor, road distance factor, water body distance factor and population density factor. The interaction of any two of the 10 factors showed two-factor enhancement or nonlinear enhancement. Based on the research conclusions, some suggestions were put forward to provide valuable decision-making reference for reducing the level of farmland fragmentation in Guangzhou City.

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Uncertainty and characteristics analysis of forest dynamic changes in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River region based on multi-source land cover data products

ZHU Chao-fan, ZHU Qiu-an, WANG Le, LIU Jia, QU Li-sha

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 22-26. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.005

Abstract （165）

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Based on the uncertainty of the forest distribution of multi-source land cover data products in the upper Yangtze River region, this paper evaluated the accuracy of multi-source land cover data products using the sixth national forest resource inventory data as a reference, and analyzed the dynamic changes of forests in the upper Yangtze River region. The results indicated that there was significant uncertainty in the distribution and changes of forests in the upper Yangtze River region in land cover data products; the CLUD-A data product had the highest accuracy; the trend analysis of forest change showed that the areas with a significant increase in forest area in the upper Yangtze River region were Chongqing City, Guizhou Province, Sichuan Province, and Yunnan Province; the forest area in the upper Yangtze River region showed an increasing trend from 1982 to 1990, a decreasing trend from 1991 to 2000, an overall increasing trend from 2001 to 2010, and a decreasing trend from 2011 to 2015, which was significantly related to the implementation of the natural conservation project.

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Spatio-temporal evolution and difference of rural settlements in mountainous city：A case study of Chongqing City

JIANG Wen-jing, LIU Yan, ZHANG Wei, LIU Ming, HE Hui-yu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 27-34. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.006

Abstract （164）

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Based on the land use change investigation and statistical yearbook of Chongqing City from 2009 to 2018, spatio-temporal evolution of rural settlements was analyzed by using GIS spatial analysis method and landscape pattern index. The results showed that, in scale, the rural settlements in the study area showed a contraction tendency, the size difference between patches decreased, and the micro settlements were the main landscape features. There was an obvious negative correlation between patch size and patch number, and showing the characteristics of a decrease in large patches and an increase in sporadic patches. There was a spatial correlation in the scale of rural settlements, with two types of agglomeration： high-high agglomeration and high-low agglomeration. In spatial distribution, the rural residential areas in the study area mainly exhibited a distribution pattern of dense in the west and sparse in the east, and the distribution characteristics of “large diaspora and small settlement”. Besides, the rural settlements were mainly distributed in low altitude areas, but it was not significantly affected by the first and second-class rivers of the Yangtze River. The overall pattern had not changed significantly in the past decade. In morphology, the morphology of rural residential areas in the study area tended to be irregular, indicating that the planning guidance function was not strong, and there were obvious spatial differentiation characteristics in space.

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Temporal and spatial evolution characteristics and influencing factors of vegetation coverage in Oasis of Makit County from 1990 to 2020

DENG Jiang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 35-43. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.007

Abstract （168）

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The evolution characteristics and influencing factors of vegetation coverage in Oasis of Makit County from 1990 to 2020 were analyzed using Landsat series data. The results showed that the vegetation in Oasis of Makit County was generally adjacent to the Yerqiang River and the Tizinapu River. The vegetation coverage from the inside to the outside of the oasis was from the first level to the third level, and the fourth level covered a large area in the west of the oasis. From 1990 to 2020, the total vegetation coverage area, annual average NDVI, and average vegetation coverage in Oasis of Makit County showed an upward trend, and the total vegetation coverage area increased by 199.9 km², with an increase of 12.26%. The absolute spatial variation of vegetation coverage in Oasis of Makit County had the characteristics of temporal and regional differences, both alone and in common. From 2010 to 2020, the area of the first level improvement area of vegetation coverage increased most significantly, which was a typical temporal change; the reclamation area of the 45th Oasis Corps and the northeast of Korma Township had been improved most obviously, and the large-scale degradation around Makit Town was also obvious, which was a typical regional change. From 1990 to 2020, the vegetation coverage intensity and speed in Oasis of Makit County were 0.4%/a and 6.4 km²/a respectively. During the 31 years, except for the overall migration of the fourth level coverage to the southeast, the total vegetation coverage, the first level coverage, the second level coverage and the third level coverage all migrated to the northeast. The increase of cultivated land area in Oasis of Makit County was the main driving force for the increase of oasis vegetation coverage degree, but the increase of cultivated land water demand had squeezed out the ecological irrigation water resources of natural plants in desert oases, leading to the degradation of natural plants, and threatening the harmonious balance of desert oasis ecology.

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Spatio-temporal research on the rationality of land use structure in Suihua City based on improved TOPSIS method

ZHAO Shu-juan, ZHAO Qian, JI Tian-ci, YANG Hui-xian

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 44-48. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.008

Abstract （144）

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The rationality of land use structure in Suihua City of Heilongjiang Province from 2010 to 2019 was studied by using the improved TOPSIS method. The results showed that, from 2010 to 2019, the rationality of land use structure in Suihua City was relatively high, and fluctuated. The rationality of land use structure was the lowest in 2010, and the highest in 2017, reaching 100.00%. So, in the future, the land use structure could be adjusted according to 2017. Different land use types had different impacts on the rationality of land use structure, urban and rural construction land had the highest correlation with the rationality of land use structure, the grassland had the lowest correlation with the rationality of land use structure. In 2011, the rationality of land use structure in Suihua City was above 95%, Mingshui County had the lowest rationality, and Qinggang County had the highest rationality, reaching 98.85%. According to the results, some measures were put forward to optimize the land use structure of Suihua City, including controlling the use of urban and rural construction land and transportation and water conservancy land, protecting cultivated land, appropriately developing natural reserves, and adjusting the proportion of forest land, grassland, garden land and facility agricultural land.

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Bacterial diversity and community composition in the coastal intertidal zone sediments of Lianyungang City

YAO Jin, LIU Yi-wei, ZHANG Ji-luan, LI Jia-le, WU Da-li, WANG Hong-bin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 49-53. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.009

Abstract （135）

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Based on the 16S rRNA gene, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze bacterial diversity and community structure in coastal intertidal zone sediments of Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province. Three sampling points were set up in three typical coastal intertidal zones of Lianyungang City, and nine sediment samples were collected. Bacteria were enriched and cultured, and total DNA was extracted. IIIumina Miseq sequencing was conducted and sequencing results were analyzed. The results showed that the bacteria in the three sampling points were mainly composed of Proteus, Bacteroides, Firmicutes, Actinomycetes, Acidobacteria, Fusobacteria, Verruca, Bacillus, Planctomycetes, and Chloroflexi. Among them, Proteus was the dominant bacteria group, accounting for 99.4% of the total bacteria group. The diversity and richness of bacterial communities were as follows： Xugou sampling point>Xishu sampling point>Dongxilian Island sampling point.The principal component analysis of bacterial community structure and the sample cluster analysis of UniFrac distance were consistent with the environmental and ecological differences of the sample collection points. The different types of sediment and physical and chemical factors in the intertidal zone affected the bacterial diversity and community composition.

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Correlation between soil nutrient content and enzyme activity in Betula luminifera forests of different forest ages

YU Chun-he, ZENG Zhu, WEI Qiu-si, LIU Shi-nan, YANG Mei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 54-58. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.010

Abstract （150）

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In order to explore the soil nutrient management and nutrient cycling of Betula luminifera forests of different forest ages, the soil of the Betula luminifera forests in the northwest of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region at 3, 7, and 13 years old was used as the research object. The soil nutrient characteristics, soil enzyme activity characteristics, and the correlation between soil nutrient and soil enzyme activity were analyzed in the 0~20 cm and 20~40 cm soil layers of different forest ages. The results showed that in the 0~20 cm soil layer, the nutrient content and enzyme activity of Betula luminifera forests of different forest ages were higher than those in the 20~40 cm soil layer; as the forest age increased, except for the total phosphorus content and sucrase activity in the soil, all other indicators first decreased and then increased, reaching their maximum at 13 years old; the Betula luminifera forest showed a significant decrease in soil nutrient content and enzyme activity during the fast-growing period （7 a）. Research had shown that there was a close relationship between soil enzyme activity and soil nutrient content. Among them, the activities of catalase and urease were highly significantly positively correlated with ammonia nitrogen, available potassium, and available phosphorus in the soil, while the correlation between total phosphorus content and these four enzyme activities was relatively small. To sum up, forest age had a significant impact on the changes of soil nutrients and enzyme activities in Betula luminifera forest. With the increase of forest growth on the uptake of soil nutrients, soil fertility would decline.It was necessary to increase the input of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium elements through fertilization measures in the early stage of Betula luminifera forest, in order to meet the demand for soil nutrients in the fast-growing stage of Betula luminifera forest and accelerate forest growth.

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Process properties and microbial diversity during the statical aerobic composting of food waste

ZHANG Xuan, DENG Xiu-shan, DENG Xiu-quan, MA Da-chao, WU Yan-ping, FENG Qing-ge

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 59-65. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.011

Abstract （186）

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A new compost bin was used for statical aerobic composting of food waste. Changes of physicochemical parameters and the succession of the microbial community during the composting process were investigated. It was found that the moisture content, organic matter, and C/N ratio of the compost decreased, and contents of total nutrients remained largely the same. The organic matter, total nutrients, moisture and pH of the final compost product were 66.2%, 7.49%, 18.5% and 7.70 respectively. The properties complied with the requirements of regulation according to Organic Fertilizer （NY/T 525—2021）. Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were the major bacterial phyla during the composting process, while Ascomycota was the dominant phylum of fungi. The bacterial community was mostly composed of Virgibacillus and Staphylococcus during the inception phase and high temperature stage of composting. However, the predominant bacteria quickly changed to Sphingomonas in the mesophilic cooling stage of composting, and microbial diversity and species richness were high at that time.

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Antifungal activity of chemical constituents from Mikania micrantha against 6 species of Juglans regia pathogenic fungi

ZHANG Wei, QI Jin-kang, LI Jin-fang, HU Shi-jun, YAN Xiao-hui

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 66-72. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.012

Abstract （164）

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In order to explore the antifungal effects of the chemical constituents of invasive Mikania micrantha, five compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the aerial part of Mikania micrantha by chromatographic methods such as silica gel column chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography. According to their ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and MS spectral data, the five isolated compounds were identified as Stigmasterol（1）, Mikanolide（2）, Deoxymikanolide（3）, 3,5,4′-trihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-flavone（4） and Nepetin（5）, respectively. The antifungal activities of different solvent extracts and isolated compounds from Mikania micrantha against 6 species of pathogenic fungi of walnut were determined by the petri plate method. The results showed that the ethyl acetate extract and the n-butanol extract had a high inhibitory effect on the mycelia growth of Colletotrichum sp. and Phyllosticta sp., with EC₅₀ of 1.250 00 mg/mL and 1.660 00 mg/mL, respectively. Compounds 2 and 3 showed higher inhibition rats against Phompsis sp. and Fusicoccum sp. than other compounds. The EC₅₀ of compounds 2 and 3 against Phompsis sp. were 60.62 μg/mL and 89.13 μg/mL, and against Fusicoccum sp. were 43.65 μg/mL and 61.66 μg/mL, respectively.

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A preliminary study on predation behavior of Eocanthecona furcellata on the larvae of Agriophara rhombata

GONG Xue-na, YU Xiang-shuai, WANG Xue-song, LONG Li-xue, LI Xiao-xia, LONG Ya-qin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 73-76. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.013

Abstract （149）

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The predation behavior of Eocanthecona furcellata on Agriophara rhombata larvae was studied, and the search and predation efficiency of different instars of Eocanthecona furcellata nymph on Agriophara rhombata larva was measured in the laboratory. The results showed that Eocanthecona furcellata nymphs searched for prey by swinging their antennae and used the retractable oral needle in their beak as the hunting and feeding tool. The predation effect of Eocanthecona furcellata nymphs was selective to Agriophara rhombata larvae, and the older nymphs had higher predation efficiency. Among them, the 5th instar of Eocanthecona furcellata nymphs had the highest predation efficiency on the 3rd instar of Agriophara rhombata larvae, which could search for the prey in about 5 minutes on average, successfully imbibe and start feeding in about 13 minutes, and it could suck dry one larva in 45 to 60 minutes; the density of the two species interfered with their predation ability.

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Effects of meteorological factors on the quality of Qianyang Bingtang orange

JIANG Di-fei, LI Yue-yong, DONG Zi-zhou, LI Hao, TAN Shi-qi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 77-82. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.014

Abstract （175）

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Based on the historical meteorological observation data of Hongjiang City from 2015 to 2019 and the quality detection data of Qianyang Bingtang orange, the correlation between seven quality indexes of Qianyang Bingtang orange and meteorological factors were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis. The results showed that, the key meteorological factors affecting the titratable acid content of Qianyang Bingtang orange were the daily maximum temperature in strong fruit period and the daily minimum temperature in coloring period; the ratio of solid to acid was related to sunshine hours in fruit expansion period, cloudy and rainy days in strong fruit period, average maximum temperature in picking period and precipitation in picking period; the content of soluble solids was positively correlated with the daily temperature range during fruit expansion and sunshine hours during picking, and was negatively correlated with the daily average minimum temperature in fruit expansion period and cloudy and rainy days in coloring period; the key influencing factors of VC content were daily minimum temperature and daily maximum temperature in fruit expansion period, cloudy and rainy days in coloring period and sunshine hours in picking period; the key factors affecting the edible rate were the daily range during picking and the sunshine during fruit expansion; the key meteorological factors affecting the juice yield were the average daily minimum temperature, precipitation in the picking period and the average daily maximum temperature in the strong fruit period; the transverse diameter was related to the daily average minimum temperature and daily temperature range during fruit expansion, cloudy and rainy days during coloring and sunshine during picking. Based on the correlation analysis, the climate quality evaluation model of various quality indexes was constructed, and the model was verified by using the historical meteorological data and quality detection data in 2020. The relative error range was 1.2%~16.7%. The verification results showed that the model could exactly simulate the climate quality of Qianyang Bingtang orange.

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Analysis on growth and soil physical and chemical properties of Betula luminifera plantation under different site conditions

LI Song-hai, LU Zhi-feng, LIU Shi-nan, YANG Mei, WEI Qiu-si

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 83-87. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.015

Abstract （164）

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The experiment was conducted to study the growth and soil physical and chemical properties of Betula luminifera plantation under different site conditions, providing reference for cultivation and promotion of Betula luminifera plantation and cultivation of large-diameter timber in southern mountainous areas. Four standard plots of different site conditions including sunlit slope （top and bottom） and shaded slope （top and bottom） were set up in Betula luminifera plantation, and tree height, DBH, height under branches and crown width were measured under different site types. The soil enzyme activity and nutrient content were measured. Single factor analysis of variance（ANOVA） was used to analyze the differences of growth and soil physical and chemical properties of Betula luminifera plantation in different types. Pearson correlation coefficient and principal component analysis （PCA） were used to comprehensively evaluate the soil quality of Betula luminifera plantation under different site types. The results showed that, the growth of tree height, DBH, height under branches and crown width of Betula luminifera plantation at the lower and upper parts of the sunny slope was better than that at the lower and upper parts of the shady slope. Under different site types, there were significant differences in soil enzyme activity and soil nutrient content of Betula luminifera plantation（P<0.05）. Generally, the lower part of the sunny slope was higher than the upper part of the sunny slope, and the lower part of the shady slope was higher than the upper part of the shady slope. With the decline of slope position, the soil fertility of Betula luminifera plantation increased. The results of correlation analysis showed that the growth of tree height, DBH and crown width of Betula luminifera plantation was highly positively correlated with most soil enzyme activities and soil nutrient indexes （r>0.800）, indicating that the growth of Betula luminifera plantation was consistent with the spatial change of soil fertility. Principal component analysis showed that the comprehensive score of soil quality of Betula luminifera plantation under different site types from high to low was lower part of sunny slope > upper part of sunny slope > lower part of shady slope > upper part of shady slope. Different slope positions and directions had significant effects on the growth and soil fertility of Betula luminifera plantation. The lower part of the sunny slope was the best area for the growth of Betula luminifera plantation.

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Investigation of soil physical and chemical indicators and content of alkaloid of Hechi wild Sophora tonkinensis and their correlation analysis

SU Jiang, CEN Zhong-yong, XIE Yan-jun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 88-91. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.016

Abstract （137）

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In order to study the relationship between the nutrient requirement and the alkaloid content of wild Sophora tonkinensis Gagnep., Fengshan County, Luocheng County and Yizhou City of Hechi City were taken as the sample point. The pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter of soil and alkaloid content of wild Sophora tonkinensis were investigated, and their correlation was analyzed. The results showed that the organic matter content and nitrogen content of soil of Fengshan County were the highest. The total phosphorus and available phosphorus content of soil of Yizhou City was the highest, and that of Fengshan County was the lowest. The total potassium content of soil of Luocheng County was the highest, and that of Fengshan County was the lowest. The content of available potassium of soil of Yizhou City was the highest, and that of Fengshan County was the lowest. The alkaloid content of Sophora tonkinensis of Yizhou City was the highest, with 9.96 mg/g, which was higher than that of Fengshan County and Luocheng County. The result of correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between alkaloid content of wild Sophora tonkinensis and the pH, organic matter content, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, total potassium, and available potassium content of soil of different habitats, while the correlations between alkaloid content of wild Sophora tonkinensis and total nitrogen, available nitrogen content of soil were negative. Therefore, reasonable fertilization should be made in production accordance to the actual conditions.

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Knowledge mapping analysis of Chinese flower border research based on CiteSpace

HUANG Jia-cheng, LIU Hong-tao, CHEN Yuan-yuan, LYU Wen-jun, LUO Jing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 92-99. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.017

Abstract （161）

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The literature on flower border published from 1981 to 2021 were collected from the CNKI database as the research object. The knowledge map was drawn by CiteSpace scientific knowledge visualization software, and the authors, research institutions, keywords were analyzed in combination with literature analysis, so as to sort out the development and tendency of Chinese flower border research. The results showed that the research stage of Chinese flower border research could be divided into accumulation period （1981—2000）, growth period （2001—2018） and decline period （2019—2021）; the research group was in the situation of “overall dispersion and partial concentration”, and the extensive cooperative relationship between research institutions had not been established; Chinese flower border research could be divided into four aspects： Flower border design concept research, flower border plants research, flower border application research and flower border construction management research, and the relatively stable research system had been formed; the current research on flower border in China mainly focused on the application and plants research under different cities, environments and scenes, and functional flower border with different characteristics such as low maintenance or rainwater regulation. Based on historical background such as urban biodiversity conservation, carbon neutrality and peak carbon dioxide emissions, exchanges and cooperation should be strengthened, and the follow-up study should be carried out from the perspective of multidisciplinary integration.

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Effects of tourism disturbances on plant diversity of geomantic forests in Wuyuan

WANG Lei, HUANG Zhi-qiang, ZHAI Jian-cheng, GUO Fu-sheng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 100-106. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.018

Abstract （122）

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Wuyuan, a popular village for rural tourism and an ancient village with well-preserved geomantic forests, was selected for the study of the effects of tourism activities on the biodiversity of village geomantic forests through field sample surveys, and comparative analysis of disturbance factors and biodiversity. The results showed that the average height of shrubs and herbs decreased significantly, and the health of vegetation and the number of tree and herb species decreased; in terms of biodiversity, the total Simpson, Shannon-Wiener and Pielou evenness indices decreased and the total Patrick index increased; in terms of community stability, the negative impact of tourism on community stability was dominant, and the impact was not significant. With the continued increase in tourism popularity in Wuyuan, it was important to do a good job of developing and protecting the geomantic forest from planning and management, monitoring and filing, mobilizing local residents and popularizing science to tourists.

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Effects of chitosan on nutrient absorption of grape seedlings

HUANG Yong, CHEN Song, CHEN Qing-dong, CHEN Qing-hua, FAN Zhong-han, XIA Dan, LIAO Ming-an, LIN Li-jin, HU Rong-ping

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 107-111. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.019

Abstract （139）

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In order to screen out the most optimal chitosan concentration for grape（Vitis vinifera L.） seedling nutrient absorption and provide the reference for grape production, grape seedlings were used as materials in the experiment, the chitosan with different concentrations was sprayed on the grape seedlings, and the effects of chitosan on nutrient absorption of grape seedlings were studied. The results showed that the chitosan increased the contents of nitrogen（N）, phosphorus（P）, and potassium（K）in the whole plant of grape seedlings. When the concentration of chitosan was 4 g/L, the content of N, P and K reached the maximum, increasing by 25.53%, 18.67% and 12.63% compared with that of the control, respectively. The chitosan treatment also increased the concentrations of soil alkali-hydrolyzable N, available P, available K and organic matter, and the content of soil organic matter was increased by 42.58% when the concentration of chitosan was 4 g/L. With the increase of chitosan concentration, the medium trace elements sodium and calcium contents in grape seedlings had a trend of decrease, increase, and then decrease, and the magnesium content in grape seedlings had a trend of increase and decrease. For soil enzyme activity, chitosan increased the activities of soil sucrase, urease, catalase, and phosphatase. Chitosan at 4 g/L was the most beneficial to grape seedlings nutrient absorption.

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Spatial evaluation of village streets and lanes under the Great Heritage Relic Protection——A case study of Jiangwudian Village in Xi'an City

ZHANG Dan, FENG Yan, ZHANG Ling, WANG Dong-meng, KONG De-zheng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 112-117. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.020

Abstract （392）

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Taking Jiangwudian Village in Xi'an City as the research object and taking into account the conservation policy of the Great Heritage Relic Protection and related planning, the corrected axes were imported into Depthmap X software based on the theory of spatial syntax, and quantitative analysis was carried out on the connection value, integration, selection and comprehensibility. The results showed that the spatial permeability of Jiangwudian Village was weak due to the concentrated layout of houses and the villagers' focus on overall living and transportation; the villagers' daily travel was restricted due to the development of public transport, which resulted in a poor overall integration degree and a high local integration degree; the overall selection degree of the village was low, which had a great influence on the external reception potential of the village; the comprehensibility of villages was low, and it was difficult for outsiders to perceive and understand the structure of villages. The public service facilities of the village needed to be improved, the function of the spatial nodes of the village should be strengthened, a comfortable and pleasant local green space should be created in the context of the Great Heritage Relic Protection, and the accessibility and traffic guarantee function of the village should be improved, so as to provide a suitable spatial environment for the future development of the village.

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The effects of ampelopsin on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury mice and the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway

ZHU Hai-bin, FANG Jing, TANG Mu-lan, CHI Xin-yu, ZENG Chun-hui, YANG Ke

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 118-123. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.021

Abstract （129）

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Aiming to investigate the effects of ampelopsin （APS） on lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced acute lung injury in mice and its underlying mechanism, the acute lung injury mouse model was established by intratracheal instillation of LPS. Seventy-two KM mice were randomly divided into 6 groups as follows： normal, model, dexamethasone and APS high-dosage, medium-dosage, and low dosage group. After 8 h of LPS induction, the animal lung function analysis system was employed to monitor pulmonary function （airway resistance, pulmonary dynamic compliance and minute ventilation volume） of mice. ELISA assay was carried out to measure the content of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β. Colorimetric assay was performed to determine MPO activity. H&E staining was performed to reveal pathological changes in lung tissues. Western blotting was performed to measure the protein expression of TLR4, MyD88, IκBα, p-IκBα, p65 and p-p65. Results showed that APS administration decreased airway resistance and increased pulmonary dynamic compliance and minute ventilation volume compared to those in the model group. Also, APS reduced TNF-α, IL-1β content and MPO activity. Further, Western blotting results demonstrated that APS down-regulated the protein expression of TLR4, MyD88, p-IκBα, p65 and p-p65, and up-regulated IκBα protein expression in LPS-induced acute lung injury. APS exerted a protective effect on LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice through regulating the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.

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Protective effect of baicalin on porcine extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli in vivo

REN Ming-xing, XIAO Yong, FU Shu-lin, ZONG Bing-bing, QIU Yin-sheng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 124-128. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.022

Abstract （146）

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To explore the protective effect of baicalin on mice infected with porcine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli, the survival rate assay and colonization assay of mice were selected to evaluate the protective effect of baicalin. The clinical feature, survival rate, tissue bacterial load and pathological changes of mice in the infected group and baicalin treatment group were compared. The results showed that the mental state of mice treated by baicalin was better than that of the mice infected by PCN033. The survival rate of the baicalin treatment group was improved compared with that of the infection group. Bacterial counts in heart, liver, spleen and kidney of mice treated with baicalin were significantly reduced compared with those of mice infected with PCN033 （P<0.01）.

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Prokaryotic expression of recombinant early pregnancy factor and preparation of polyclonal antibody

WANG Cong, WANG Han, ZHANG Hai-ling, XIAO Yi-ran, GUO Yu-xi, LIU Meng-di, LI Hao-song, WU Zong-cheng, DUAN Fu-chun, LU Shi-ying

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 129-134. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.023

Abstract （142）

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Bioinformatics analysis of bovine early pregnancy factor was conducted, and prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a-srEPF containing pro-soluble labels was constructed. The prokaryotic expression vector was successfully induced by IPTG, and the early pregnancy factor was purified by affinity chromatography. Then, recombinant protein was used as immunogen to immunized animals to prepare polyclonal antibodies. The expressed proteins and their polyantibodies were detected by Western blotting. The results showed that the recombinant protein of early pregnancy factor had been successfully prepared, and its molecular weight was about 26 ku. After purification, the concentration was determined by BCA method to be 1.1 mg/mL. Both the recombinant protein of early pregnancy factor and EPF protein after enzyme digestion could be specifically bound to the prepared polyclonal antibody, and the titer determined by indirect ELISA was 1:256 000.

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Research on the extraction of flavonoids from Chenopodium quinoa and its antioxidant activity

LU Xiao-fang, LI Ya-nuo, SONG Bing-ze, YANG Mei-hong, YUE Ai-qin, ZHAO Jin-zhong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 135-141. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.024

Abstract （150）

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Taking the seeds of Chenopodium quinoa as the research object, based on ultrasonic time, solid-liquid ratio, and negative pressure of single factor experiment, combined with the characterization results of SEM of Chenopodium quinoa powder, the optimal extraction process condition of flavonoids from Chenopodium quinoa was obtained by response surface optimization. The crude extract of flavonoids from Chenopodium quinoa was extracted with ethyl acetate and purified by the silica gel column （The eluent was acetone） to obtain the flavonoids with high purity, which was tested for antioxidant activity in vitro. The results showed that the best process parameter for the extraction of flavonoids from Chenopodium quinoa by ultrasonic-negative pressure was ultrasound time of 27 min, solid-liquid ratio of 1:36（g/mL） and negative pressure of 0.059 MPa. The extraction rate （5.31 ± 0.038） mg/g was close to the predicted extraction value of 5.28 mg/g. The factors affecting the extraction rate of flavonoids from Chenopodium quinoa were solid-liquid ratio> negative pressure> ultrasonic time. The antioxidant activity of flavonoids from Chenopodium quinoa was positively correlated with the concentration, and the greater the concentration, the stronger the antioxidant capacity. At a concentration of 0.25 mg/mL, the scavenging rate of the DPPH radical reached （89.5 ± 0.430）%.

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Effect of industrial fermentation on neutral aroma components of cigar core

PAN Yong, LI Lin-lin, FANG Xin, ZHU Ting-ting, ZHOU Ya-bin, HU Jie, WANG Rong-hao, LIU Yang, TAN Zai-yu, YANG Mei, HUANG You-yi, SHI You-zhi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 142-147. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.025

Abstract （139）

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In order to explore the effect of industrial fermentation on neutral aroma components of cigar core, the neutral aroma components of cigar core samples in five stages from raw material to pile out were detected by simultaneous distillation extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that 59 neutral aroma components were detected in the industrial fermentation of cigar core, mainly ketones and alcohols. During the fermentation process, the number of types of neutral aroma components in cigar core did not change significantly; the total amount of neutral aroma components decreased first and then increased, and the content increased significantly on the whole; the changes of neutral aroma components were mainly occurred between the raw materials and the early fermentation stage, as well as between the late fermentation stage and the pile production stage, while there was little difference in neutral aroma components of the samples in the early, middle and late fermentation stage. A total of 14 different neutral aroma components were screened out before and after industrial fermentation, including solanone, phytone, farnesyl acetone, 8S,14-cypress glycol, cypress brain, （1R,2E,4S,7E,11E）-4-isopropyl-1,7,11-trimethyl-2,7,11-cyclotetraene-1-alcohol, vegetable alcohol, neophytadiene, etc. The above results showed that the industrial fermentation could significantly affect the content of aroma substances in cigar core, which provided a theoretical basis for understanding the formation of aroma quality of cigar core in industrial fermentation.

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Differences in nutritional composition of peony seed oil in different regions of Guizhou Province

LEI Lu, ZHOU Jing-rui, ZHANG Qin, MA Chao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 148-152. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.026

Abstract （124）

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In order to explore the differences in the quality of peony seed oil in different regions of Guizhou Province, 10 representative regions were selected and peony seed oil was extracted by pressing method. The oil content, physicochemical indicators, polyphenols, trace elements, and fatty acids of peony seeds were analyzed. The results showed that the origin had little effect on the physicochemical indicators （relative density, acid value, saponification value, etc.） of peony seed oil, but had a significant impact on the oil content, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca elements, and fatty acid content. Among them, sample MDY4 had the highest oil content at 33.75%, with Fe, Cu, and Zn elements at 9.42, 4.29, and 55.04 mg/kg, respectively. The content of oleic acid and α-linolenic acid was 116.25 and 150.39 mg/g, respectively, which was the highest among all samples. Sample MDY1 was second only to MDY4. Therefore, Hezhang County in Bijie City and Sinan County in Tongren City could be used as promotion planting areas and breeding areas for oil peonies.

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Analysis of endogenous harmful components in ginkgo seed kernel and fried ginkgo seed kernel

ZHANG Yan-miao, DING Ming-he, ZHANG Ying, TAN Zhong-chuan, ZHOU Tian-tian, GAN Guo-ping

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 153-159. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.027

Abstract （153）

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Ginkgo seed kernel and fried ginkgo seed kernel were used as experimental materials for the determination of total ginkgolic acid using HPLC. The chromatographic column was YMC-Triart C18 （4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm）. The mobile phase was acetonitrile solution with 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid -0.1% trifluoroacetic acid aqueous solution, with a detection wavelength of 310 nm and a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min; 4′-O-methyl pyridoxine （MPN） and 4′-O-methoxy pyridoxin-5′- glucoside （MPNG） were determined by HPLC on YMC Triart C18 （4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm）. The mobile phase was methanol deionized water, with a detection wavelength of 328 nm and a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Headspace gas chromatography （HS-GC） was used to perform a limit check on hydrocyanic acid. The results showed that the average recovery rate of total ginkgolic acid was 101.17%, RSD was 4.57% （n=6）, the quantification limit was 12.18 ng, and the detection limit was 4.87 ng; the average recovery rate of MPN was 103.14%, RSD was 4.80% （n=6）, the quantification limit was 5.94 ng, and the detection limit was 2.38 ng; the average recovery rate of MPNG was 103.54%, RSD was 3.05% （n=6）, the quantification limit was 11.20 ng, and the detection limit was 4.48 ng; the quantitative limit of hydrocyanic acid was 10 ng, and the detection limit was 3.5 ng. The established method had strong specificity, good repeatability, and high sensitivity, and could be used for the detection of endogenous harmful components in ginkgo seed kernel and fried ginkgo seed kernel.

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Differences in volatile components of valerian essential oil from different years

ZHOU Jing-rui, JIANG Ling-ling, LEI Lu, RAN Jiang, AI Rong, LUO Wen-ju, ZHONG Xue-zhi, WANG Xin, YU Bo

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 160-164. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.028

Abstract （137）

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The volatile components of valerian（Valeriana officinalis L.） essential oil from 2020 and 2021 were analyzed using gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry. The relative content of each component was calculated using the peak area normalization method, and the compositional characteristics of volatile components of valerian essential oil from two years were studied.The results showed that a total of 70 main volatile components were identified in the two years of valerian essential oil, with the highest relative content of diene compounds. There was a significant difference in the volatile components of valerian essential oil between two years, with more types of volatile components present in 2021 compared to 2020. Among the common volatile components, the relative content of 2-pinene, camphene, β-Pinene, 1-limonene, endobornyl acetate, myrtenyl acetate, methoxyacetic acid, and β-terpinyl acetate was high.

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Comparative analysis of the transcriptome of kiwifruit ‘Qihong' and ‘Xuxiang' during the overwintering period

MAO Ke-xin, WANG Hai-rong, AN Miao, LV Wei, LI Jian, LI Guo-tian

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 165-171. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.029

Abstract （133）

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Chinese kiwifruit （Actinidia chinensis） ‘Qihong' and delicious kiwifruit （Actinidia deliciosa） ‘Xuxiang' with different cold tolerance were used as materials.Samples were taken during the overwintering period and analyzed for physiological parameters, and it was found that ‘Qihong' was more tolerant to low temperatures than ‘Xuxiang'. The transcriptomes of the two varieties were analyzed and the GO clusters showed greater differences in cellular components organization or biogenesis, organelle fraction, etc;KEGG clusters differed more in membrane transport, translation, transcription, replication and repair. The enrichment analysis of the 2 varieties showed differential expression of starch and sucrose metabolism, phytohormone signaling, biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids and biosynthesis of flavonoids pathways. The changes in transcript levels of the two varieties during the overwintering period were analyzed.

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Identification of genes related to lipopeptide synthesis in mining lipopeptide synthesis related genes of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TF28 under different carbon sources based on transcriptome

YAN Geng-xuan, WANG Xiang-xiang, TIAN Yuan, LIU Zhi-ting, ZHANG Shu-mei, XIA Hai-hua

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 172-178. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.030

Abstract （122）

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With Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TF28 as the test strain, three experimental groups were set up： glucose group （control）, fructose group and xylose group. Differential genes were identified by transcriptome sequencing, and functional analysis was carried out on the differential genes to explore the regulatory genes for lipopeptide synthesis. A total of 688 differentially expressed genes, 522 upregulated genes, and 166 downregulated genes were identified in the fructose group; a total of 855 differential genes, 691 upregulated genes, and 164 downregulated genes were identified in the xylose group. Different carbon sources changed the expression levels of global regulatory factors in the quorum sensing system and dual component system of lipopeptide synthesis in starch Bacillus subtilis TF8, and influenced the synthesis and metabolism of essential amino acids and fatty acids in lipopeptide synthesis, which provided reference for further research on the biological regulatory mechanisms of lipopeptide synthesis.

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Analysis of mitochondrial COI sequences from different populations of Macrobrachium nipponense japonicus

HUANG Hui, LIU Kai, WANG Yu-xi, GUO Wei, MA Heng-jia, XIE Nan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 179-182. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.031

Abstract （140）

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Macrobrachium nipponense samples from five different populations including Qiantang River （QT）, Wuyi （WY）, Gaotanghu （GT）, Zhaoqing （ZQ） and Nanning （NN） were collected in the experiment, and the mitochondrial COI gene of each population was sequenced and analyzed to understand the genetic differences among populations. The results showed that in the COI gene sequence of Macrobrachium nipponense, there were 420 conserved sites, 222 mutated sites, 123 reduced information sites, and 27 base deletion or insertion sites, with an average conversion to inversion ratio of 2.78. The content of （A+T） in the COI gene sequence was significantly higher than that of （G+C）, and the base composition exhibited significant AT bias. 65 haplotypes were defined in 67 individuals, and haplotypes from NN and QT populations formed two main branches. The phylogenetic tree and cluster tree constructed based on genetic distance showed that the genetic distance between QT population and GT population was relatively close, the genetic distance was relatively far compared with ZQ population and NN population, and the genetic distance between WY population and QT population and GT population was relatively small. The research results could provide a molecular biological basis for the rational development and utilization of Macrobracium germplasm resources.

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Research on the market structure of China's rural e-commerce platform based on SCP analysis paradigm

LIANG Yue-ze, QIAO Peng-hui, WANG Hui

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 183-189. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.032

Abstract （120）

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With SCP analysis paradigm as the basic theoretical framework, data analysis and empirical research were used to analyze the current situation of market structure, market behavior and market performance of rural e-commerce platforms, and to study the impact of market structure on market behavior and market performance. The results showed that there were problems such as insufficient platform differentiation, imperfect agricultural financing system, high cost and difficulty in making profits under the high oligopoly market structure of rural e-commerce platform, and the suggestions of market structure optimization, such as creeting the brand of rural e-commerce platform, strengthening division of labor and cooperation between platforms and rebuilding the new ecological system were put forward.

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Energy efficiency evaluation of tertiary industry in Yangtze River Economic Belt

CHEN Hong, ZHANG Hua-wei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 190-195. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.033

Abstract （130）

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Using the Min-DS model and Kernel density estimation function, the energy efficiency of tertiary industry in 11 provinces and cities along the Yangtze River Economic Belt was measured and its spatio-temporal differences were analyzed under the condition of promoting green innovation development. The results showed that the overall energy efficiency of the tertiary industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt fluctuated greatly, and the spatial difference showed a decreasing trend; the energy efficiency in the downstream area（Jiangsu Province, Shanghai City and Zhejiang Province） was outstanding, the efficiency value was improved and the spatial difference was reduced; the spatial difference in the midstream area（Hubei Province, Hunan Province, Anhui Province and Jiangxi Province） decreased, but the overall efficiency value was low, and the efficiency level in the upstream area（Yunan Province, Guizhou Province, Chongqing City and Sichuan Province） was high, but the spatial difference expanded. There was still room for improvement in energy efficiency in 11 provinces and cities. Attention should be paid to energy conservation. There were great differences in efficiency changes among provinces and cities, so it was necessary to explore the path of efficiency improvement according to local conditions.

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Measurement of the level of ecology-economy-society coordinated development in resource-based cities：Taking Yan'an City, Shaanxi Province as an example

LI Li, MENG De-xing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 196-202. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.034

Abstract （147）

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Taking Yan'an City as an example, an evaluation system covering ecology-economy-society was constructed, and the entropy weight method, coupling analysis method and obstacle degree analysis method were used to study the coupled development level of the ecology-economy-society system and the main influencing factors in Yan'an City from 2012 to 2021. The results showed that the developmental level of ecology, economy and society in Yan'an City had been continuously improved; the level of coupling of the ecology-economy-society system in Yan'an City was high, but the level of coordination was low and the development was slow; the five basic indicators of annual precipitation, per capita park green space, comprehensive utilization rate of general industrial solid waste, proportion of social fixed asset investment to GDP, and social fixed asset investment were the main constraining factors. Some suggestions were made from three aspects of ecological civilization construction, economic structure transformation and strengthening top-level design to promote the coordinated and efficient development in Yan'an City.

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Evolutionary game between agricultural retailers and consumers under the blockchain technology

LIU Yan-feng, ZHENG Ke

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 203-208. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.035

Abstract （141）

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In order to enhance the flow availability of agricultural supply and advance the quality of agricultural products, the evolutionary game model between consumers and agricultural retailers under government policy support was established. The equalization point between the two game models was found. And in this model, the system dynamics simulation technology was used to simulate. The key factors of agricultural retailers the adopt blockchain technology had been discovered, including strengthening the government's promotion of blockchain technology, increasing the cultivation of blockchain and supply chain technical talents and attracting interdisciplinary talents who master blockchain technology and other technologies, increasing policy support, and developing information technology related to blockchain, etc.

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Discussion on the development path of “water conservancy + tourism” in Shiquan County, Shaanxi Province from the perspective of global tourism

YAN Zi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 209-213. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.036

Abstract （156）

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Under the background of “tourism +” strategy promoting industrial integration development and global tourism development, there were some problems in the development of “water conservancy + tourism” in Shiquan County, such as short life cycle of tourism destination, insufficient capital investment, failure to form brand effect of tourism destination and so on. According to the tourism destination life cycle theory, the development path mode of Shiquan County in different life cycle development stages of “water conservancy + tourism” was put forward, and combined with the geographical location, existing tourism resources and industrial development of Shiquan County, it was suggested that Shiquan County could fully grasp the tourism destination life cycle, give full play to the multiplier effect of “water conservancy + tourism” mode and develop the integrated development model based on “tourism +” strategy, promote Shiquan County to launch the brand of “water conservancy + tourism”, promote industrial integration, lengthen the regional tourism industry chain and promote rural revitalization.

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Evaluation and obstacle factors of water environmental governance performance in the Yangtze River Economic Belt based on DPSIRM model

LI Qin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 214-220. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.037

Abstract （116）

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Based on the DPSIRM causal framework model, the water environment governance performance evaluation system was constructed. Using the entropy weight method, and combined with the linear weighting method and obstacle degree model, the comprehensive index of water environment governance performance in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2010 to 2019 was comprehensively evaluated and the main obstacle factors were identified. The results showed that, on the whole, the comprehensive index of water environment governance performance in the Yangtze River Economic Belt was rising rapidly. From the perspective of space, the overall water environment governance performance in the upstream and downstream regions was better, while the middle reaches were the worst and fluctuate greatly. The development trend of the performance index of each subsystem was different obviously, but all of them showed the trend of fluctuation and rise. From the comprehensive analysis of the main obstacle factors, the amount of fertilizer applied per unit cultivated land area, the growth rate of per capita disposable income of urban residents, the COD emission of ten thousand yuan industrial output value, the ammonia nitrogen emission from ten thousands yuan industrial production value and treatment capacity of industrial wastewater treatment facilities were the main obstacles which hindered the improvement of the water environment governance performance.

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Research on the competitiveness of vegetable industry in Yunnan Province

LI Liang, CHEN Liang-zheng, DONG Xiao-bo, MAO Zhao-qing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 221-226. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.038

Abstract （138）

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Based on the development status and reality of Yunnan Province vegetable industry, the advantage index of vegetable industry in Yunnan Province was analyzed based on the regional scale advantage index, efficiency comparative advantage index, per unit yield advantage index, and scale comparative advantage index. And adopting the SWOT analysis method, the competitive advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and risks of the development of the vegetable industry in Yunnan Province were comprehensively analyzed. Combining the status quo of the Yunnan Province vegetable industry and taking the existing problems as the guidance, it had pointedly proposed to cultivate a diversified agricultural business integration subject, expand the versatility of the vegetable industry, create an export-oriented vegetable industry, improve the construction of the cold chain logistics system, and play the role of scientific and technological support and protection to enhance the competitiveness of Yunnan's vegetable industry.

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Quality evaluation and regional difference analysis of new urbanization in the core area of Huaihai economic zone

LIU Xin-ran, XI Yan-tao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 227-232. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.039

Abstract （138）

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According to the development characteristics and actual situation of new urbanization in the core area of Huaihai economic zone, the comprehensive evaluation index system for the quality of new urbanization was established from three aspects of urbanization development, urban-rural overall planning, and resources and environment. The entropy method, difference coefficient and GIS spatial analysis method were used to reveal the temporal and spatial evolution process of new urbanization quality level in the core area of Huaihai economic zone from 2010 to 2018. The results showed that the quality of new urbanization in the core area of Huaihai economic zone was on the rise as a whole, and the quality difference within the region was obvious. The urbanization quality level of Xuzhou City had always maintained a leading position and belonged to the high quality with medium speed development mode; Jining City, Zaozhuang City, Lianyungang City and Suqian City had medium quality level of urbanization, and the development modes were medium quality with low speed, medium quality with medium speed, medium quality with medium speed and medium quality with low speed, respectively; Shangqiu City, Huaibei City and Suzhou City had relatively low urbanization quality level, and their development modes were low quality with low speed, low quality with high speed and low quality with low speed, respectively.

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Research on the present development status and influencing factors of farmers' professional cooperative： Taking Jingzhou City of Hubei Province as an example

CHEN Yun-lian

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 233-240. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.040

Abstract （123）

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By questionnaire survey, the development status and influencing factors of farmers' professional cooperatives were analyzed in Jingzhou City, Hubei Province. The results showed that under the active guidance and support of Jingzhou government, farmers' professional cooperatives played an important role in driving local employment and promoting the development of local agricultural economy. The six variables of the educational background of management personnel, socialization degree, agricultural professional technical services, credit support, circulation channels of agricultural products, and internal management system of cooperatives had a significant impact on the sales revenue of local farmers' professional cooperatives. Based on this, it was proposed to optimize the fund source channels of cooperatives and guarantee the reasonable, effective and timely fund supply of cooperatives; strengthen the construction of the internal management system of farmers' specialized cooperatives; accelerate the construction of agricultural product quality supervision system, and promote agricultural standardized production; enhance the education of managers and strengthen the training of members' technical skills; wided drive, and form synergistic effect; deepen innovation, and explore new models and other feasible policies, to proride new solutions for the development of local farmers' professional cooperatives.

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Investigation and research on rural public cultural service facilities under the background of rural revitalization：Taking Urumqi county as an example

LIU Zhi-you, WEI Ran, QU Xiu-wu, HAO Pan-pan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 241-246. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.041

Abstract （161）

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Through the field visit and questionnaire survey in Urumqi county, Xinjiang, with Kano model as the research basis, the impact of farmers' satisfaction was classified and prioritized, and combined with Better-Worse coefficient clustering statistical method, the population was divided into three categories of young, middle-aged and elderly, and the clustering situation and impact degree of 16 public cultural needs of different age groups in four demand types were analyzed and tested. The results showed that different age groups had different emphases on essential needs, expectant needs, charismatic needs and undifferentiated needs. Therefore, priority should be given to promoting essential needs for all age groups; secondly, expectant needs and charismatic needs should be continuously improved; finally, undifferentiated needs should be comprehensively coordinated.

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The impact of “three rights separation” reform of homestead on rural revitalization

LIU Xin-rui, ZHAO Wei-chao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 247-252. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.042

Abstract （124）

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Based on the panel data of 33 pilot areas of the national homestead reform, the annual per capita disposable income of farmers was used as the explanatory variable, the DID model was used to compare the impact of the “three rights separation” reform of homestead on rural revitalization, and the results were tested for robustness and analyzed for heterogeneity. The results showed that the reform of the “three rights separation” of homestead had a positive effect on promoting rural revitalization, but due to the difference in regional economic level and the lag in policy implementation, the promotion effect in some areas was not significant.

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Study on the relationship between pension concern and quality of life among unmarried rural men under the marriage squeeze

ZHANG Qun-lin, WANG Yuan-yuan, LI Zhi-bin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (5): 253-257. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.05.043

Abstract （120）

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Using the data from the Survey of Rural Family Marriage Status, the relationship between the perceived marriage squeeze, quality of life and pension concern among unmarried rural men was analyzed. The study found that the perceived marriage squeeze had significant negative effects on the quality of life of unmarried rural men, but the perceived marriage squeeze had significant positive effects on the pension concern. However, the quality of life had significant negative effects on the pension concern of unmarried rural men. The mediated effect analytical results showed that the quality of life played a mediating role in the relationship between the perceived marriage squeeze and pension concern of unmarried rural men. That was to say, the quality of life could buffer the positive effects of perceived marriage squeeze on the pension concern of unmarried rural men.

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Effects of sowing date on inbred line growth, female/male ears flowering time and yield of black waxy corn

ZHAI Rui-ning, HUANG Kai-jian, HUANG Ai-hua, ZOU Cheng-lin, MO Run-xiu, WEI Xin-xing, YANG Meng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 1-5. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.001

Abstract （237）

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In order to study the effects of different sowing dates on growth, flowering period, and yield of the parents of black waxy corn （Zea mays L.）variety Guiheinuo 609, based on the climatic characteristics of Guangxi, six sowing dates （Feb. 25 and 29, Mar. 4 and 8 for the male plant; Feb. 25 and Mar. 8 for the female plant） were designed by using the Heinuo 102 and Lyugannuo （the parents of Guiheinuo 609） as experimental materials. The occurrence time of growth periods, leaf growth rate, and yield traits of the parents were measured. The results showed that the flowering period of the parents was delayed during the retarding sowing date. It was the best for the occurrence of pollening stage of the male and silking stage of the female at the same sowing dates （Feb. 25 and Mar. 8）, and it occurred generally or did not occurre at different sowing dates. The fastest leaf growth rate and the longest tassel occurred in the early sowing parents （Feb. 25）. And in the retarding sowing dates, the parents’ plant height, ear position height, ear length, and kernel line number were gradually increased without significant difference, as well as their ear diameter, seeding rate and yield were gradually increased with a significant difference（P<0.05）. In conclusion, in order to ensure the florescence of the male and female parents meet normally and avoid the influence of temperature, it was best to focus on the simultaneous sowing date during seed production of Guiheinuo 609, and the most suitable sowing date should be early March, but should not exceed mid-March in Guangxi.

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Effects of different application rates of slow and controlled-release fertilizer on the growth of fresh corn

HUANG Yun, XU Tian-cheng, ZHAN Wei-yu, GAO Zi-wei, LIN Si-yuan, DENG Se-yuan, YANG Bo, YANG Zhong-bo, CHEN Qing-chun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 6-10. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.002

Abstract （177）

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In order to explore the effect of controlled-release fertilizer application rate on the growth status of fresh corn（Zea mays L.）, field plot experiments with different fertility were carried out with ‘Zhongtian No.5’ and ‘Xixing Wucai Xiannuo’ as materials, the growth indexes of maize in different growth periods were compared, and the best controlled-release fertilizer application rate was screened. The results showed that, the determination coefficient of the fitting model between the application amount of controlled-release fertilizer and each index of fresh corn except sugar content was above 0.8, which reached a very significant level （P<0.01）, indicating that the application of controlled-release fertilizer could significantly increase the physiological indexes of fresh corn. The 600 kg/hm² application rate was the best fertilization amount of controlled-release fertilizer under this experimental condition. When excessive fertilization occurred, most indexes showed a downward trend, and the fertilizer utilization rate decreased.

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Habitat suitability evaluation and important influencing factors of Picea schrenkiana

JING Yun-yun, XU Zhong-lin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 11-17. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.003

Abstract （161）

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Taking Picea schrenkiana as an object, based on 210 distribution sample data and 23 environmental variables, the MaxEnt model was applied to predict the potential distribution and important impact factors of Picea schrenkiana under the current climate environment. The accuracy of the model was tested using the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve （ROC curve）, and the contribution rate, replacement importance, and knife cut method of environmental factors were used to screen the dominant ecological factors. ArcGIS was combined to achieve visualization of suitable growth areas for spruce in Xueling. The results showed that the average AUC obtained by running the MaxEnt model repeatedly for 10 times was 0.953, indicating that the model had high prediction accuracy, and the predicted geographical distribution results of Xueling spruce are highly consistent with the actual distribution data points, the operation results were reliable; under the current climate environment, were high suitability areas of Picea schrenkiana were mainly distributed in the Tianshan Mountains, including the Ili River Valley, the mountains on both sides of the Tekes River Valley, the Borokonu Mountains, the Bogda Mountains, the western mountains of Jungar, the Alatao Mountains, and the mountains on both sides of the Fergana River Valley. The areas of high, medium, and low suitability areas respectively accounted for 5.44%, 10.75%, and 12.60% of the total suitability area; in the current climate environment, the dominant environmental factors affecting the geographical distribution of Picea schrenkiana were elevation, slope, driest monthly precipitation （bio14）, annual average temperature （bio1）, and warmest season precipitation （bio18）, among which altitude was the most important factor affecting the geographical distribution of Picea schrenkiana.

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Study on phreatic evaporation of winter wheat field in Huaibei Plain based on Hydrus-1D model

XU Min, WANG Jie, ZHU Yong-hua, LYU Hai-shen, LI Yuan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 18-22. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.004

Abstract （156）

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This study selected Wudaogou hydrological and water resources experimental station in Huaibei plain as a study area. The applicability of Hydrus-1D model in simulating the phreatic evaporation process of Winter Wheat in Huaibei plain was studied, and the law of phreatic evaporation during the growth period of winter wheat under different precipitation conditions was also discussed. The results suggested that the phreatic evaporation process simulated based on Hydrus-1D model was in high consistent with the phreatic evaporation process based on water balance and Bouchet complementary relationship theory. The correlation coefficient was 0.82, the absolute error was 0.04 mm/d, and the relative error was 12.4%. The total amount of phreatic evaporation during the growth period of winter wheat was affected by the precipitation amount, while higher phreatic evaporation was observed when the precipitation amount was higher. According to the phreatic evaporation of winter wheat at each growth stage, filling stage-maturity stage > heading stage-filling stage > jointing stage-heading stage > returning to green stage-jointing stage. The results could provide a theoretical basis for formulatina reasonable irrigation schedule in Huaibei plain.

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Effects of reducing chemical fertilizer and applying biological bacterial fertilizer on the growth of chili pepper and soil nutrients

HE Wei, ZHANG Hui, JIANG Ye

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 23-28. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.005

Abstract （173）

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Using chili pepper（Capsicum annuum L.） Longjiao No. 15 as the experimental material, four groups of experiments were set up. Group A was chemical fertilizer （control）, Group B was actinomycete fertilizer and chemical fertilizer , Group C was Bacillus subtilis fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, and Group D was composite bacterial fertilizer, amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, corn straw, and chemical fertilizer. Field experiments were conducted to explore the effects of combined application of chemical fertilizers and microbial fertilizers on the growth of chili peppers and soil nutrients. The results showed that the combination of chemical fertilizer and biological bacterial fertilizer increased the vitamin C content of pepper fruit, ensured the yield and root growth of pepper, weakened soil acidification, and achieved the effect of reducing chemical fertilizer application.B1 treatment （150 kg/hm² of actinomycete fertilizer+600 kg/hm² of fertilizer）, C1 treatment （30 kg/hm² of Bacillus subtilis fertilizer+600 kg/hm² of fertilizer）, and D2 treatment （30 kg/hm² of composite bacterial fertilizer+30 kg/hm² of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer+7 500 kg/hm² of straw+600 kg/hm² of fertilizer） were the optimal ratios for pepper production within the group.

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Elimination patterns of five benzene derivatives in seawater and Mytilus coruscus based on static models

SONG Li-ling, ZHOU Xu, LIAO Si-yang, YU Pei-pei, HU Fen-jing, ZHOU Xiu-jin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 29-32. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.006

Abstract （139）

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The elimination laws of five benzene derivatives, namely benzene （BZ）, toluene （TU）, p-xylene （PX）, o-xylene （MX）, and m-xylene （OX）, in seawater and Mytilus coruscus were studied in a static model. Five benzene derivatives with certain concentrations were added to seawater and Mytilus coruscus at an ambient temperature of （20±0.5） ℃, the residual concentrations of five benzene derivatives in seawater and Mytilus coruscus were analyzed at different time points using the headspace injection gas chromatography hydrogen flame ionization detector （HS-GC-FID） method.The results showed that the concentration changes of each component of benzene series in seawater and Mytilus coruscus were basically the same over time. The elimination rates of the five benzene series in seawater were MX, PX, TU, BZ and OX in descending order, while the elimination rates of the five benzene series in Mytilus coruscus were TU, BZ, MX, OX and PX in descending order. The elimination rates of Mytilus coruscus and seawater were different, possibly due to the complex matrix such as fat and protein rich in Mytilus coruscus. The binding degree between benzene derivatives and Mytilus coruscus mussel matrix was strong.

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Evaluation of soil fertility quality in different salinized cotton fields：Taking Shaya County, Xinjiang as an example

WU Chu-peng, SHENG Jian-dong, HU Yu-tong, CHENG Zhi-hui

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 33-38. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.007

Abstract （156）

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To evaluate the soil fertility quality in different salinized cotton fields in Shaya County, Xinjiang, the relationship between salinization and soil fertility in oasis cotton fields was discussed. Taking the core cotton planting areas of Shaya County as the research object, a combination of field experiments and indoor tests was adopted,seven physical and chemical indexes of soil were measured, and the weight of evaluation indexes was determined by principal component analysis. The soil integrated fertility index was used to evaluate the soil fertility of cotton fields. The results showed that there was no significant difference in soil bulk density and alkaline nitrogen content between cotton fields with different salinization levels. The content of most nutrient indicators in non salinized and salinized cotton fields showed significant differences, while the content of most indicators in salinized cotton fields was relatively similar.The soil integrated fertility index in non saline cotton fields was significantly different from that in saline cotton fields, while there was no significant difference in the soil integrated fertility index in saline cotton fields soil salinization affected the fertility status of cotton fields;regression analysis could further reflect their relationship. The total salt content of soil and the soil integrated fertility index （IFI） showed a parabola trend. With the increase of total salt content of soil, nutrient availability decreased, and soil biological activity was inhibited, thus affecting the formation and accumulation of soil fertility. When the total salt content was greater than 8.83 g/kg, the index showed an upward trend, and the regression equation between soil total salt content （x） and IFI （y） was y=0.643 1-0.063 6x+0.003 6x²（r²=0.489 1）.

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Spatial characteristics of climate resources during the growth period of sugarcane and their response to climate change in Guangxi

HUANG Wei, WU Xuan-ke, LAI Xi-liu, LIU Lei, WEI Jian-feng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 39-45. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.008

Abstract （152）

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Using daily meteorological data from 91 national meteorological observation stations in Guangxi from 1961 to 2020, the spatial distribution characteristics of climate resources during sugarcane seedling stage （P1）, tillering stage （P2）, stem elongation period （P3）, and process maturity stage （P4） were analyzed. Linear trend analysis was used to explore the response of climate resources to climate change during the sugarcane growth period. The results indicated that in terms of spatial distribution, the average temperature was higher in the west and lower in the east during the seedling stage, and higher in the south and lower in the north during the stem elongation period and process maturity stage; the sunshine hours were higher in the west and lower in the east during the seedling stage, higher in the east and lower in the west during the stem elongation stage, and higher in the south and lower in the north during the tillering stage and process maturity stage; the precipitation was higher in the east and northeast, and low in the southwest during the seedling and tillering stages, higher in the west and southwest, and lower in the northeast during the stem elongation stage, and higher in the central Guangxi region during the mature stage. Under the background of climate change, the average temperature during the sugarcane its growth period had significantly increased, with the fastest increase occurring during the mature stage of sugarcane production in northern Guangxi. The number of sunshine hours significantly decreased, with the most significant decrease occurring during the stem elongation stage; the precipitation showed a significant upward trend during the tillering period of sugarcane in northeastern Guangxi.

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Study on climatological quality evaluation model with comprehensive indexes for green tea in Hubei Province

DENG Huan-huan, QIN Peng-cheng, WAN Su-qin, DENG Ai-juan, TANG Yang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 46-50. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.009

Abstract （153）

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Quality analysis data of green tea within different green tea-plucking periods and observation data of meteorological elements at 15 days before spring tea-plucking in typical tea-producing regions of Hubei Province from 2018 to 2020 was used. Firstly, the key meteorological elements affecting green tea quality and its response relationship were analyzed by using machine learning methods including decision tree and random forest model. Secondly, the single-factor subordinate function model for temperature, sunshine, wind speed and relative humidity was built based on fuzzy mathematics theory. In the meanwhile, a comprehensive index model for climatological quality of green tea was built by using the comprehensive weighted method. Finally, parameters in this model were optimized based on the genetic algorithm. Additionally, grade evaluation standard was also determined. The results showed that the number of samples corresponding and existing one grade difference to the actual grade of samples accounted for 67.2% and 32.8% of the total samples, respectively. The results indicated that this model for green tea could reflect its quality difference under different climate situations.

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Optimization effects of chemical conditioning reagent on the dehydration of river and lake sludge and the pH of sludge cake

WANG Long-tao, CHEN Wen-feng, HUANG Sheng, XU Yang-fan, XIA Xin-xing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 51-55. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.010

Abstract （133）

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The effects of different dosages and particles size of CaO on the dehydration effect and pH of sludge cake were investigated based on the original caustic lime dosage from the actual project. In addition, under the premise of the optimum addition and particle size of the lime, the compound formulation effects of CaO and NaHCO₃, calcium lignin sulfonate, polyferric sulfate （PFS）, polyaluminium chloride （PAC） and polyacrylamide （PAM） on dehydration effect and pH of sludge cake was studied. The results showed that, the reduction of the CaO dosage could decrease the pH of sludge cake to a certain extent, but the moisture content of sludge increased slightly. The moisture content of sludge cake after dewatering appeared significantly different for the different particle sizes of CaO powder. As a whole, the moisture content decreased, while the pH increased with the decrease of CaO particle size. The combination of NaHCO₃, calcium lignosulfonate and CaO could reduce the pH of sludge cake, but weaken the dehydration effect,the moisture content of sludge cake increased relatively large. The dehydration effect of PAC or PAM compounded CaO was slightly better than that of PFS compounded CaO. Considering the dehydration effect and the pH of sludge cake, the optimal combination was 0.50% PAC + 0.02% PAM + 9.00% （120 mesh） CaO.

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Effects of soil conditioner on seed germination rate and seedling growth of crop

ZHAO Hong-kai, JIANG Qing-gao, QU Wei, SONG Li-fen

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 56-62. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.011

Abstract （156）

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To explore the general applicability of Phyto-Cat^TM soil conditioner to local crops in China, different concentration gradients of Phyto-Cat^TM soil conditioner dilutions were set up to study the improvement effect of Phyto-Cat^TM soil conditioner on seed germination rate and seedling traits of wheat（Triticum aestivum L.）, maize（Zea mays L.）, tomato（ Solanum lycopersicum L.）, pepper（ Capsicum annuum L.） and non-heading Chinese cabbage （Brassica chinensis L.）. On this basis, principal component analysis was used to reduce the dimensionality of the experimental data, and a functional relationship was established to comprehensively analyze the effect of Phyto-Cat^TM soil conditioner. The results showed that the low concentration of Phyto-Cat^TM soil conditioner could significantly improve the germination rate of wheat, tomato and pepper seeds, while the high concentration of Phyto-Cat^TM soil conditioner tended to breed miscellaneous bacteria in the dishes and reduce the seed germination potential and germination rate. Phyto-Cat^TM soil conditioner had a significant improvement effect on the seedling traits of the tested crops, and the effect of 8 mg/L Phyto-Cat^TM soil conditioner had exceeded that of Stanley water soluble fertilizer. Thus, it can be seen that Phyto-Cat^TM soil conditioner is very effective in improving seed germination and seedling traits of crops, improving soil structure and providing better fertilization effect than chemical fertilizers, and indirectly improving crop yield and quality.

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Evaluation on agricultural ecological efficiency in the Gulf of Guinea based on super-efficiency SBM-Malmquist model

QU Si-yu, WU Zhao-dan, WU Qi-yue, JING Xiao-dong, TAN Xin-yang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 63-71. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.012

Abstract （135）

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Based on the panel data of 10 countries in the Gulf of Guinea from 1990 to 2019, the super-efficiency SBM model and Malmquist index method were used to calculate the agricultural ecological efficiency and analyze its spatiotemporal evolution of the Gulf of Guinea from static and dynamic perspectives. The results showed that the agricultural ecological efficiency in the Gulf of Guinea was stable from 1990 to 2019, and showed a slight downward trend in recent years. There were significant differences in agricultural ecological efficiency among countries in the Gulf of Guinea. Nigeria and Sao Tome and Principe had always been DEA effective, while Equatorial Guinea and Liberia had always been in DEA invalidity. From the decomposition of Malmquist index, agricultural ecological efficiency was mainly affected by technological progress. Countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to improve the agricultural ecological efficiency in the Gulf of Guinea and promote the cooperation between China and Guinea： Strengthen regional cooperation in ecological agriculture deepen environmental governance and promote scientific and technological innovation; build a shared agricultural data platform to form economies of scale; carry out industrial docking in the agricultural field and promote the development of green cooperation between China and Guinea.

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Land use transformation and its ecological and environmental effects in Guangxi from 2000 to 2020

LIAO Chao-ming, WEI Yuan-yuan, WANG Rong, TAN Mian-fang, LU Yan, QIN Yun-sen

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 72-76. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.013

Abstract （144）

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Based on the land use data of 2000, 2010 and 2020, the characteristics of land use transition in Guangxi were studied through the land use transfer matrix and land use change rate. The ecological and environmental effects of land use transition were further quantitatively analyzed by using the ecological and environmental quality index and ecological contribution rate, and the impact of land use transformation on the ecological and environmental effects was discussed. The results showed that there were great differences in the spatial distribution of land use types in Guangxi. The forest land was mainly distributed in northwest and southeast Guangxi, the cultivated land was distributed in central Guangxi, and the construction land was mainly concentrated in Nanning City, Guilin City and Liuzhou City. During the study period, land use transformation was mainly dominated by the mutual conversion of cultivated land and forest land and the conversion of cultivated land into construction land, and the intensity of the transfer of cultivated land increased. The change of ecological and environmental quality was stable, showing a trend of first decreasing and then increasing, and the mutual transformation of cultivated land and forest land was the dominant factor affecting ecological and environmental quality. Therefore, the government should optimize the land use structure, make intensive use of construction land, protect the quality and quantity of cultivated land, actively implement the policy of protecting forest and grassland, improve the quality of ecological environment, and ensure the sustainable development of the region.

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The correlation between agricultural labor population density and arable land quality in counties

CHEN Ran, LIU Shu-xia, ZHENG Hong-gang, LI Hao-xun, ZHAO Hao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 77-81. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.014

Abstract （135）

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Based on the basic geographic data and relevant statistical data of Yimen County, Yunnan Province, the relationship between the density of agricultural labor force and the quality grade of arable land utilization in Yimen County was analyzed by using survey and collection method, mathematical and statistical analysis method and 3S technology. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation （α=0.01） between the density of agricultural labor force and the quality of arable land use in each sub-unit, and the results analyzed by street offices, townships and towns also showed a significant positive correlation （α=0.01） between the density of agricultural labor force and the quality of arable land use. It indicated that the more the agricultural labor population acting on the arable land, the better the quality of arable land utilization was under the same arable land quantity and natural conditions.

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Effects of elevated CO₂ concentration on detoxification enzyme and protective enzyme activities of Trabala vishnou gigantina Yang

LOU Ding, LI Xiang, XUE Xi-qin, WANG Pan, LIU Yong-hua

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 82-85. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.015

Abstract （157）

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To better understand the impact of climate change on Trabala vishnou gigantina Yang, the activities of two detoxification enzymes [glutathione S-transferase （GST）, acetylcholinesterase （AchE）] and three protective enzymes [catalase （CAT）, peroxidase （POD） and superoxide dismutase （SOD）] were determined and analyzed under normal CO₂ concentration （375 μL/L） and high CO₂ concentration （750 μL/L）. The results showed that the activities of the two detoxification enzymes in the larvae of different instars of Trabala vishnou gigantina Yang showed an increasing trend under high CO₂ concentration, the activity of GST was higher than that under normal CO₂ concentration, and the activities of GST in the larvae of the first, fifth and sixth instars were significantly different from those under the normal CO₂ concentration; under high CO₂ concentration, AchE activity of the 3rd to 6th instars was increased, and AchE activity of the 5th and 6th instars was significantly higher than that of the corresponding instars under normal CO₂ concentration. Under high CO₂ concentration, the changes of the three protective enzymes in the larvae of different instars of Trabala vishnou gigantina Yang were inconsistent with each other, and the activity of CAT showed an increasing trend, which was significantly higher than that of the corresponding instars under normal CO₂ concentration; the POD activity increased first and then decreased with the increase of instar, and there was no significant change of POD activity in the first instar, second instar and sixth instar larvae; the SOD activity of the larvae decreased with the increase of instars, which was significantly lower in the 4th, 5th and 6th instars than that of the corresponding instars under normal CO₂ concentration.

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Research progress on chemical constituents, pharmacological effects and clinical applications of Saraca asoca （Roxb.） Willd

CHEN Liu-yan, HUANG Qiu-mei, LAN Ting-ting, LI Bin, LI Yong-hua, RU Mei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 86-93. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.016

Abstract （216）

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Saraca asoca （Roxb.） Willd is mainly distributed in the tropical regions of Asia, it has been regarded as a universal panacea in India and is an important medicinal plant resource. This paper reviewed the chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, clinical application, development of related clinical therapeutic preparations, authenticity identification and other aspects of Saraca asoca （Roxb.） Willd, in order to provide references for the development and utilization of medicinal plants in Saraca, especially Saraca dives Pierre mainly distributed in China.

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Study on the origin tracing of spring Panax notoginseng root based on fingerprints characteristics of mineral elements

WENG Jing, LIANG She-wang, RAN Yu-yan, SHI Jing, HE Zhong-jun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 94-99. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.017

Abstract （157）

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A method for geographical origin discrimination of Panax notoginseng was established to provide technical support for the protection of geographical indication products and for tracing the geographical origin of agricultural products. Sixty samples of spring Panax notoginseng were collected, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to determine the contents of 44 mineral elements in the main root of spring Panax notoginseng, and analysis of variance, principal component analysis and discriminant analysis were carried out to develop and validate the discriminant model. The results showed that, the contents of 13 mineral elements in samples were different among four producing areas. The content and composition of mineral elements in the root of spring Panax notoginseng had their own geographical fingerprint characteristics in different sections. Through the stepwise discriminant analysis, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Mo, Co and Sc were selected for the discriminant model from different elements. The overall correct discrimination rates for original spring Panax notoginseng samples from different geographical origins in back substitution and cross validation tests were 80.0% and 71.7%, respectively. The mineral elements fingerprint analysis combined with chemometrics could be used to distinguish the geographical origin of Panax notoginseng from different producing areas.

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Plant planning for ecological restoration of Jiuli Lake constructed wetland in Xuzhou

WU Yuan-meng, LUO Li-qun, TANG Juan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 100-105. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.018

Abstract （144）

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Based on the analysis of the geological formation of the coal mining subsidence area, the habitat characteristics of the built area and the habitat conditions of the area to be built of Jiuli Lake, the plant remediation technology with simple operation, less investment and no secondary pollution was planned for the polluted water and soil in Jiuli Lake coal mining subsidence area. The stems and leaves of plants transported oxygen from the air to the roots, forming an aerobic environment conducive to nitrification and denitrification by microorganisms, which could accelerate the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus by plants. Wetland plant planning should firstly simulate the natural wetland plant community, in order to build wetland animal habitat, enhance biodiversity, and strengthen the stability of the wetland ecosystem.

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Relationship between fruit enlargement of Yichang satsuma mandarin and meteorological conditions

YANG Xiao-ling, YANG Yan-li, LIU Yun-peng, LI Hao-ran, CHEN Shi-lin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 106-109. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.019

Abstract （121）

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In order to improve the pertinence of meteorological service during the fruit enlargement of satsuma mandarin, orange and meteorological observation data of Yiling District Meteorological Bureau from 1995 to 2016 were used to analyze the laws of fruit enlargement and its relationship with meteorological conditions in Weizhang and Guijing satsuma mandarin. By using Logistic function simulation and first order derivation, the peak and occurrence time of fruit volume growth over the years were obtained. Meteorological factors were screened to establish fruit growth peak regression equations of Weizhang and Guijing satsuma mandarin. The correlation between the fruit size at harvest and the main meteorological factors before harvest was analyzed. The main meteorological disasters during the fruit enlargement period in typical years were sorted out. The results showed that, low temperature, cloudy and rainy weather before midsummer and high temperature and drought from midsummer to autumn were the main meteorological disasters during fruit enlargement of Yichang satsuma mandarin.

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Analysis on the change law of main biochemical components of tea tree variety Zijuan at different altitudes

YANG Sheng-mei, BAO Yun-xiu, LI Jin-long, DUAN Zhi-fen, LIU Ben-ying, TANG Yi-chun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 110-113. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.020

Abstract （162）

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Taking adult tea plantations of Zijuan planted at 900, 1 200, 1 500, 1 800 and 2 300 m as the research object, the change law of main biochemical components of tea variety Zijuan with altitude were analyzed. The results showed that the contents of water extract and tea polyphenols decreased with the increase of altitude in the planting area of altitude of 900~2 300 m, and the highest values were 51.5% and 30.3% in the planting area of altitude of 900 m, respectively. With the increase of altitude, the content of the amino acid increased twice. In the planting area of altitude of 2 300 m, the amino acid content significantly increased to 3.8%. With the increase of planting altitude, caffeine content firstly decreased and then increased, and the highest content was 4.3% in the planting area at 900 m altitude. The total content of catechins firstly decreased and then increased with the increase of altitude, and reached the highest content of 15.88% at 900 m altitude. The anthocyanin content increased gradually with the altitude from 900 m to 1 800 m, the maximum anthocyanin content was 18.5 mg/g at 1 800 m altitude, and the minimum anthocyanin content was 14.3 mg/g at 2 300 m altitude.

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Effects of fruit size on economic characters of different varieties of Camellia oleifera

YANG Xiao-ju, YANG Sheng-you, LUO Qian, WEI Fang-yi, LONG Xue-yan, LIAO Ting-ting, WANG Jia-le, HU Yu-ling

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 114-119. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.021

Abstract （190）

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Nine varieties of Camellia oleifera mainly planted in Tongren City, Guizhou Province were divided into large, medium and small camellia fruits according to the fruit diameter, and their related economic characters were measured, and the effects of different varieties with different fruit diameters on their economic characters were analyzed. The results showed that different fruit diameters had obvious effects on various economic characters of Camellia oleifera. From the fresh seed rate of Camellia oleifera, Huashuo, Changlin 40, Cenxiruanzhi, Xianglin 210 and Changlin 53 cultivated large fruits, and Huajin and Huaxin cultivated medium fruits, all of which could improve the fresh seed rate. Judging from the kernel-fruit ratio of tea seeds, Huashuo and Changlin 4 cultivated medium fruits, while Huajin, Huaxin, Changlin 40, Cenxiruanzhi and Changlin 18 cultivated large fruits, all of which were relatively high with the kernel-fruit ratio of tea seeds; judging from the oil content of seed kernel, Huajin, Changlin 40 and Xianglin 210 cultivated big fruits, while Huashuo, Changlin 4, Cenxiruanzhi and Huaxin cultivated middle fruits, which were beneficial to the accumulation of seed kernel oil; the oil content of seed kernel was extremely significant positively correlated with fresh seed yield, positively correlated with kernel yield, extremely significant negatively correlated with seed moisture content and negatively correlated with single seed weigh; the oil yield of 100 g fresh fruit was extremely significant positively correlated with fresh seed rate and kernel oil rate, positively correlated with fruit shape index and kernel rate, and extremely significant negatively correlated with seed moisture content. Therefore, in order to cultivate high yield, Huajin, Changlin 40, Cenxiruanzhi, Xianglin 210 and Changlin 53 could cultivate large fruits by thinning small fruits, while Changlin 18, Changlin 4, Huaxin and Huashuo could not take any fruit thinning measures.

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Landscape planning of rural waterfront under the concept of ecological livability： Taking Changtang River of Xiangshan County in Zhejiang Province as an example

GUO Tao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 120-124. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.022

Abstract （153）

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In order to build a beautiful village and create a pleasant village waterfront landscape, the ecological livable concept was applied to the landscape planning of rural waterfront on the basis of combing relevant research. Taking the landscape planning of Changtang River of Xiangshan County in Zhejiang Province as an example, the regional water landscape, water culture, water ecology and water tourism were deeply analyzed from multiple angles and multi-dimensions, and the planning objectives and design ideas of realizing the improvement of rural waterfront landscape were discussed, in order to provide reference for the landscape planning of rural waterfront in the future.

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Inhibition and adsorption effect of plant carbon black on 9 aquatic pathogenic bacteria

CHEN Bin, LIN Yu, FAN Hai-ping, XUE Ling-zhan, YUAN Li-hua, ZHONG Quan-fu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 125-128. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.023

Abstract （144）

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In order to verify the inhibition and adsorption effect of plant carbon black on common aquatic pathogens, the agar dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of plant carbon black on 9 aquatic pathogens, and the test bacteria suspension was mixed with different amounts of plant carbon black to determine the adsorption rate, desorption rate and adsorption capacity. The results showed that the MIC value of plant carbon black to Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio harveyi were both 200 mg/mL, the MIC value to Edwardsiella tarda was 12.5 mg/mL, and the MIC value of the other 6 pathogenic bacteria were all 25 mg/mL. When the concentration of the tested bacteria was 10⁶CFU/mL, with the increasing of the amount of plant carbon black, the adsorption rate of the tested bacteria gradually increased, and finally it remained unchanged to 100%. And the desorption rate gradually decreased, and finally remained unchanged to 0. When the concentration of plant carbon black was 2 mg/mL, the adsorption rate of every test group could reach 100%, and the desorption rate was 0. At the same time, The adsorption capacity of carbon black on the tested bacteria gradually decreased. Therefore, it could be determined that plant carbon black had a good adsorption effect on common aquatic pathogens, and its inhibitory effect on freshwater pathogens was stronger than that of seawater pathogens.

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Study on the purification technology and antibacterial activity of total tannins from Magnolia officinalis

YANG Min, XI Jun-wei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 129-134. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.024

Abstract （149）

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The extraction process of total tannins from Magnolia officinalis was optimized by response surface design and further purified. The results showed that the best extraction process for total tannins from Magnolia officinalis was the ratio of material to liquid of 1∶13, extraction time of 100 min, ethanol concentration of 80% and ultrasonic power of 80 W. The total tannins extracted from Magnolia officinalis was 0.181 0 mg/g, which was not far from the theoretical value of 0.188 8 mg/g. The optimum purification process of total tannins from Magnolia officinalis by gelatin solution precipitation was studied by an orthogonal test. When the specific gravity of concentrated solution was 1.5 mg/mL, the concentration of gelatin solution was 4%, and the amount of gelatin solution added was 8 mL/100 mg, the total tannins extracted from Magnolia officinalis was 2.743 mg/g. The antibacterial activities of total tannins against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were compared by the minimum inhibitory concentration method. The results showed that the total tannins from Magnolia officinalis had certain antibacterial activity.

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Effects of different barrels curing treatments on chemical composition and aroma quality of cigar wrapper

LIU Feng-feng, FANG Xin, YU Zi-lin, LI Lin-lin, TAN Zai-yu, YE Ming-qiao, HUANG You-yi, PAN Yong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 135-141. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.025

Abstract （149）

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In order to enhance the quality and style characteristics of the cigar wrapper, the study investigated the effects of different quality wooden barrels curing treatments on the physicochemical and sensory qualities of the cigar wrapper. The cigar wrapper was placed in cedar barrels, 1916 oak barrels, and whiskey oak barrels for maintenance, and identified the sensory quality, chemical composition, and volatile substances of the cured cigar wrapper were indentified. The results showed that cedar barrels had a great effect on improving the sensory quality of cigars, and increasing the total sugar content, olefins and alcohols content, as well as the quantity and content of volatile components, which could help to improve the quality of cigars.

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Detection and risk assessment of Pb in tea in Xinyang City

LIANG Shao-ru, DANG Yong-chao, ZHAO Feng-hua, JIANG Shuang-feng, ZHENG Jie, FU Qun-ying, WANG Xiao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 142-146. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.026

Abstract （175）

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In order to explore the relationship between technology, raw materials, and Pb content in tea, as well as the safety level of Pb content in tea in Xinyang City, 193 tea samples were collected from 2013 to 2020 for testing and analysis, and the Target Hazard Quotient （THQ） model was used to evaluate the health risks of Pb intake from tea. The results showed that in 193 tea samples from Xinyang City, the detection rate of heavy metal Pb was 78.76%. The Pb content in all samples was 0~4.98 mg/kg, with an average Pb content of 0.62 mg/kg. The overall level was relatively low, and the Pb content in all test samples did not exceed the standard. The detection rate of Pb in Xinyang black tea was higher than that in Xinyang Maojian. There was no significant difference in Pb content between Xinyang Maojian and Xinyang black tea, as well as between single bud tea and one-bud one/two-leaf tea. The target risk coefficients for Pb consumption in Xinyang tea by adult men, adult women, and children were 0~0.235 8, 0~0.280 6, and 0~0.540 7, respectively, indicating that Pb in Xinyang tea didn’t pose significant health risks.

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Intake levels and health risk assessment of five heavy metals in coffee peel of residents in Yunnan Province

LIU Chao, LI Shu-zhen, DUAN Li-na, YANG Yan, YUAN Li-ying, ZHANG Shao-long, CAO Ping-bo

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 147-151. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.027

Abstract （195）

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30 coffee peel samples were collected from five major coffee producing areas in Yunnan Province, including Baoshan City, Pu'er City, Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Lincang City, and Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture. The content of lead, total arsenic, cadmium, total mercury, and chromium was measured. At the same time, a field survey was conducted on the consumption of coffee peel among 495 residents in Yunnan Province, and the intake levels and potential risks of five heavy metals were evaluated. The results showed that the daily intake of five heavy metals in the coffee peel of residents in Yunnan Province was lower than the evaluation value. Under P₉₅, the daily intake of lead, total mercury, cadmium, total arsenic, and chromium were 0.034 00, 0.001 90, 0.009 60, 0.018 00, and 0.046 00 μg/kg, and the results were all lower than their respective evaluation values, indicating that the risk of the five heavy metals ingested through coffee peel to human health was at an acceptable level. The contribution rates of daily intake of five heavy metals and daily intake under P₉₅ were chromium>lead>total arsenic>cadmium>total mercury. The contribution rates of daily intake of chromium, lead, and total arsenic and daily intake under P₉₅ were 93.35% and 89.49%, respectively. The daily intake of heavy metals such as lead, total arsenic, cadmium, total mercury, and chromium in the coffee peel of residents in Yunnan Province was generally low. It was recommended to further conduct health risk assessments of heavy metals for consumer groups of key regions.

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Design example of rural household waste treatment process——Taking Dengfeng City, Henan Province as an example

ZHAO Ren-zhong, ZHANG Xiu-li, LIU Xiao-chan, CHEN Yong, ZHOU Xiang-ming, SONG Qiang-long, PEI Yi-kun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 152-156. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.028

Abstract （140）

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In order to improve the rural living environment and optimize waste treatment methods, the composition and soil characteristics of rural household waste at a waste treatment site in Dengfeng City, Henan Province were studied, and waste classification was carried out through three steps： preliminary sorting, secondary sorting, and deep sorting. The waste obtained from each step was recycled, and the final product, fine residue soil, was used to prepare organic fertilizer. This waste treatment process processed an average of 60 tons of rural household waste per day, effectively solving the problem of 40 to 60 tons of daily household waste treatment in ordinary towns.After resource utilization, glass, clothes, metal, tires, rubber shoes, wood, etc. could be recycled on average every day, and could be used to produce briquette fuel, plastic particles, plastics, organic fertilizers, etc. This waste treatment process utilized rural household waste reasonably, which had good ecological and economic benefits.

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Extraction and pattern analysis of dike-pond based on Gaofen-2 satellite image

JIANG Hai-tao, ZHOU Jin-hao, LI Xin-ru, LIN Jing-hua, HUANG Shao-fang, LIU Hou-hai, ZHONG Zhi-yi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 157-162. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.029

Abstract （153）

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For the purpose of analyzing the dike-pond pattern in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the rule-based classification method to extract the dike-pond from GF-2 satellite image was used. Then the dike-pond pattern was measured through Weighted Aggregation and Closeness （WAC） metric. The results showed that the overall accuracy of extraction was 92.25% by sample point test, and 80.25% by sample region test. The sample region test could capture the difference in different dike-pond types, and was more suitable than the sample point test to assess the accuracy of high-resolution images classification. The extraction result showed that there were 14.06 km² dike-ponds in Longjiang Town. Among them regular ponds accounted for 58.46%, mainly distributed in the central and northern parts of the town. Their pattern exhibited compactness, which was convenient for expanding aquaculture and then increasing income. Irregular ponds accounted for 41.54%, mainly distributed in the eastern and western parts of the town. Their pattern was less compact, which was conducive to planting and promoted water-land interaction.

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Development path of rural governance community from the perspective of digital technology

YU Chen-xi, WANG Yi-xi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 163-168. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.030

Abstract （147）

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Based on interest compatibility, the rural governance community was characterized by diversified participation, organic interaction and mutual benefit. It was pluralistic in subject participation, sharing in value orientation, and orderly in governance process. Digital technology promoted the construction of the rural governance community by integrating rural social interest chains, empowering rural governance processes and updating rural governance fields, so as to realize the deep integration of digital technology and rural governance. In the process of the development of rural governance community, governments should reshape the concept of data governance, change the traditional governance paradigm, lay out the data governance platform, and improve the governance legal system and other ways to further realize the platform governance pattern of multiple subjects in rural society.

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Development and validation of a tightly linked KASP marker for the rice brown planthopper resistance gene Bph43

DENG Zhao, WANG Kai, DU Bo, ZHU Li-li, YANG Yuan-zhu, CHEN Rong-zhi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 169-174. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.031

Abstract （135）

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To promote the application of Bph43 in the breeding of rice varieties resistant to brown planthopper,on the basis of fine mapping of Bph43 in the early stage, the Bph43 gene donor parent IRGC 8678 was resequenced. By conducting SNP mutation site analysis with the Japanese reference genome and 3 000 rice sequencing public database resources, the study designed and developed Bph43 tightly linked interval specific KASP markers （K_11674982, K_11775428, and K_11856768）. The validation results of 66 natural populations of rice and 200 BC₁F₂ hybrid progeny showed that the three developed KASP markers were codominance markers, and the genotype analysis results of the markers were completely consistent with the phenotype of brown planthopper resistance, which could specifically and accurately detect whether there was Bph43 gene in rice. The Bph43 KASP marker developed based on SNP loci could be used to explore new germplasm carrying the Bph43 gene and molecular marker assisted selection breeding for resistance to brown planthopper.

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The effect of different concentrations of Hoagland nutrient solution on the growth and development of blueberry young trees

YANG Hai-yan, WANG Hua-sheng, WU Wen-long, LYU Lian-fei, FAN Su-fan, LI Wei-lin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 175-180. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.032

Abstract （158）

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One year old saplings of the blueberry variety ‘Star’ （Vaccinium spp.） were used as experimental materials. The plants were treated with water （control treatment）, 50% Hoagland nutrient solution （A treatment）, 100% Hoagland nutrient solution （B treatment）, and 150% Hoagland nutrient solution （C treatment） for 60 days. The effects of different concentrations of Hoagland nutrient solution on plant growth, chlorophyll content, and antioxidant system were measured.The results showed that under treatment A, B, and C, the plant height and stem diameter of blueberry saplings were higher than those of the control. On the 15th day, treatment C had the highest plant height and stem diameter, while on the 45th and 60th days, treatment A had the highest plant height and stem diameter, and treatment B had the highest crown width;on the 60th day, the chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content, and total chlorophyll content of treatment A, B, and C were higher than those of the control treatment;the production rate of superoxide anion showed an overall trend of first increasing and then decreasing with time, and the H₂O₂ content showed an overall upward trend with time. On the 60th day, the superoxide anion production rate, H₂O₂ content, and MDA content of treatment A were all the lowest;the SOD enzyme activity showed an overall trend of first increasing and then decreasing with time, reaching its highest value on the 30th day;the content of soluble protein and AsA showed an overall upward trend during the experimental period, while the content of GSH showed a first decrease and then an upward trend.

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Genome wide analysis of the phenylalanine ammonia lyase （PAL） gene family from Senna tora

ZHAO Yong-yang, CHEN Wei-jia, DING Jing-feng, AO Yi-heng, FENG Ao, ZHOU Jia-yu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 181-186. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.033

Abstract （140）

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Using tools such as HMMER, Pfam, and SMART, 26 PAL （phenylalanine ammonia lyase） sequences were screened from different species such as Senna tora, and analyzed for bioinformatics. The results showed that the basic characteristics of the PAL gene family of Senna tora had been formed before the isolation of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants, and the six PAL members were divided into three subclasses. The secondary structure of the members of the PAL gene family of Senna tora was mainly composed of α-helixes and irregular curls, containing higher Ala, Ser, and Leu residues; there were 16 different conservative motifs, among which motif12 （containing the catalytic key sequence Ala Ser Gly） appeared in all PAL members; the promoter region contained many elements for light response, plant hormone response, and stress response. Further GO, transcriptome, and Pearson analyses had also reinforced the above analysis results, indicating that members of the PAL gene family of Senna tora were mostly concentrated in light-sensitive tissues such as leaves, stems, and flowers, and participated in diverse biological processes such as drought resistance and antibacterial activities. The above analysis results would provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent functional study of the PAL gene of Senna tora and the screening of stress resistant functional genes.

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Construction and empirical analysis of government micro-blog influence evaluation system

LIANG Yong-kang, HE Xiu-ping, SONG Kuo, ZHANG Wei-feng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 187-191. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.034

Abstract （165）

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Based on the two roles of the information communication media and the social network platform of the government micro-blog,an evaluation system covering 14 measurement indicators was constructed from four dimensions of breadth, creativity, initiative and participation. Through the empirical analysis of 15 types data of Sina government micro-blog, the operability of the model was verified. The results showed that the “four-dimensional” evaluation model was operable. Except for the breadth, the trend of changes in the other three dimensions was generally consistent with the trend of comprehensive influence changes.

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Research on the efficiency measurement of farmers’ professional cooperatives under the dual-carbon target： Based on Super-SBM and Malmquist-Luenberger model

WANG Xiao, WU Qing-yun, LI Zhong-hua, FENG Jian

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 192-198. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.035

Abstract （116）

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Considering environmental factors, the carbon emissions of farmers’ professional cooperatives were taken as the undesired output. Firstly, the Super-SBM model was used to measure the comprehensive technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of farmers’ professional cooperatives in 29 provinces （autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government） in China from 2014 to 2019. Then the Global Malmquist-Luenberger index model was used to measure green total factor productivity, technological progress index and technical efficiency change index. The results showed that the comprehensive technical efficiency level of farmers’ professional cooperatives was low, which was mainly caused by the low pure technical efficiency; the pure technical efficiency and green total factor productivity of the eastern region were significantly higher than those of the central and western regions; the green total factor productivity of farmers’ professional cooperatives showed an increasing trend, which was mainly due to the increase of technical efficiency, while the technological progress had a slight downward trend. On the basis of the above conclusions, the corresponding policy suggestions were put forward in order to promote the green and high-quality development of farmers’ professional cooperatives and improve production efficiency.

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Research on industry-city fusion effect in Shanxi Province：Taking agriculture valley-university town-research institute fusion as an example

WU Han-bing, LIU Hao, XU Dong-mei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 199-207. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.036

Abstract （102）

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Based on Shanxi agriculture valley construction background, combined with agriculture valley-university town-research institute fusion status in Shanxi Province, the relevant personnel was selected for the interview survey, the factors of economy, social culture, human resources and policy support of agriculture valley-university town-research institute and the fusion effect of agriculture valley-university town-research institute were evaluated. The structural equation model was constructed to explore the relationship between the effects of the fusion development of agriculture valley-university town-research institute in Shanxi Province, and to analyze the industry-city fusion effect of the agricultural valley in Shanxi Province. The results showed that the fusion development of agriculture valley-university town-research institute was linked with economy, social culture, human resources and government support, and the path coefficients were 0.666,0.875,0.748 and 0.955, respectively. The fusion development of agriculture valley-university town-research institute in Shanxi Province could be further facilitated through the regional economy drive, social culture promotion, human resources agglomeration and government-led development.

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Research on game behavior and governance path of farmland conversion in Hubei Province

HUANG Qi, CHEN Zhen

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 208-213. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.037

Abstract （132）

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With a problem-oriented approach, dynamic game theory was used to analyze the game behavior of individuals and units using land and county level natural resource management department in the process of farmland conversion. Based on the analysis conclusions, a path for farmland conversion in Hubei Province was proposed. The results showed that due to the lack of effective standard constraints such as non-standard agricultural land use policies and non-standard law enforcement procedures, the combination of game strategies between individuals and units using land and county level natural resource management department were prone to negative performance of duties, illegal occupation of farmland. To solve this problem, it could be considered standardizing policy regulations, discovery methods, and investigation and determination procedures, supervision and law enforcement procedures, and reporting and appeal channels to further improve the farmland conversion management system in Hubei Province.

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Study on the influence of social integration on the urban entrepreneurial behavior of migrant workers

ZHANG Jian, ZHANG Heng, XU Xiu-mei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 214-218. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.038

Abstract （118）

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Using the data of China Migrant Dynamic Survey （CMDS） in 2017, the influences of social integration on the urban entrepreneurial behavior of migrant workers were analyzed. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between social integration and urban entrepreneurial behavior of migrant workers; economic, cultural and psychological integration had a significant positive impact on urban entrepreneurial behavior, but the effects of behavioral integration were not significant; in terms of entrepreneurial types, there was a significant positive correlation between social integration and urban opportunistic entrepreneurship of migrant workers, but no significant relationship between social integration and urban survival entrepreneurship; further analysis showed that for migrant workers of different mobility types, there was a significant positive correlation between social integration and urban entrepreneurial behavior of inter-provincial migrant workers, while the relationship was not significant in intra-provincial migrant workers.

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Research on the measure and spatial difference of the agricultural green development level in Hubei Province

YU Ling, JIAN Ding, LI Xing, GUO You-dong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 219-225. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.039

Abstract （129）

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According to the survey results of core green resources in agricultural production in Hubei Province from 2006 to 2018, the agricultural green development level was evaluated in 2012, which had the most significant changes in water resources and cultivated land soil. The Entropy method was used to carry out empirical research about the difference of agricultural green development level among 13 prefecture level cities （autonomous prefectures） in Hubei Province. The three first-grade indexes of agricultural green resources, agricultural green production and agricultural green new deal were analyzed and evaluated. Meanwhile, the spatial difference of the agricultural green development level among Eastern,Central and Western Hubei was analyzed.The results showed that the level of agricultural green development was higher in the West and lower in the East, and the difference was obvious. Central Hubei had good natural resource conditions, and Eastern Hubei had excellent performance in agricultural green production.There was a small gap in the overall level of agricultural green production among the three regions, but there was a large gap in the overall level of the agricultural green new deal. On this basis, suggestions on improving agricultural green development were put forward for different regions,in order to provide basic information for formulating agricultural green development policies.

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The evolution and influencing factors of the temporal and spatial differences of county economy in less developed river basin：Taking the Lancang River Basin in Yunnan Province as an example

WU Yan, WU Ying-mei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 226-232. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.040

Abstract （111）

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Taking the counties of the Lancang River Basin as the basic unit of the research and the GDP per capita as the measurement index, a combination of mathematical statistical analysis and exploratory spatial data analysis （ESDA） was used to study and analyze the temporal and spatial patterns of economic differences in the counties of the Lancang River Basin from 1998 to 2018, and at the same time the spatial heterogeneity of its influencing factors through geographically weighted regression was explored. The results showed that the absolute difference in the economic development of the counties in the Lancang River Basin had shown an expanding trend in the past two decades, the relative differences had fluctuated and declined, and the differences in regional economic levels had been obvious; the county economy of the Lancang River Basin had obvious spatial correlation, but the spatial correlation fluctuated with time, and the economic correlation was weak; the county economy had obvious spatial differentiation characteristics, and there were obvious characteristics of temporal and spatial evolution. The significant “low-low” agglomeration area was located in the southwest and northwestern part of the study area, and the “high-high” agglomeration area only included two counties of Dali City and Binchuan County. The dual pressure of society and nature restricted the economic development of the Lancang River Basin.

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Study on the effect of agricultural mechanization level on grain yield：Based on the intermediary effect of grain sown area

LI Chun-ting, ZENG Jing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 233-239. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.041

Abstract （115）

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The total power of agricultural machinery in each province （city） year was taken as the explanatory variable, the grain sown area was used as the intermediary variable, the grain output was used as the explained variable, the proportion of rural population, amount of agricultural fertilizer application, plastic film use, effective irrigation area, amount of agricultural diesel use and expenses on agriculture, water conservance and forestry were selected as control variables, and the national interprovincial panel data from 2007 to 2019 were studied using SPSS 23.0 software. The results showed that the total power of agricultural machinery and the grain sown area had significant positive effects on the total grain output; the grain sown area played a complete intermediary role between the total power of agricultural machinery and the grain yield. Accordingly, countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to improve the level of agricultural mechanization and its application effect, promote the expansion of grain planting area, improve grain production efficiency, increase grain output and improve quality and efficiency through diversified expansion of innovation channels.

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Analysis on the demand motivation and path choice of the evolution of fresh electronic commerce model

ZHAO Jing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 240-245. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.042

Abstract （165）

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Fresh e-commerce is growing up with the development of Internet shopping. In essence, market economy is a socialized mass production centered on meeting the needs of consumers. The study of the internal power and path selection of the evolution of the fresh e-commerce model based on the demand perspective is particularly important. The research showed that the evolution process of the fresh e-commerce model was to meet consumer demand, adapt to consumer demand and better meet consumer demand. The development of Chinese fresh e-commerce had gone through three stages of gradual formation, whole explosion and exploration development, from single vertical e-commerce model to multi-model coexistence. The post-2020 epidemic era had further cultivated consumers’ online fresh shopping habits, and the multi-dimensional, hierarchical and stepped characteristics of fresh demand were more obvious. Under the demand-driven, fresh e-commerce would be divided into three types of high-end quality type, medium-end expansion type and mass scale type. Therefore, it was suggested that fresh e-commerce should combine their own reality to seriouly plan and accurately position, and choose the appropriate evolution path.

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Social isolation, loneliness and happiness of rural residents

WANG Jin, SHI Ming-cong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 246-251. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.043

Abstract （188）

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Based on China Family Panel Studies（CFPS）data in 2018, the relationship between social isolation, loneliness and happiness of rural residents was analyzed. The robustness test of the effect relationship among the three was performed by using the propensity value matching and structural equation model. The results showed that social isolation could significantly improve the loneliness and reduce the happiness of rural residents; loneliness played a partial intermediary role in the relationship between social isolation and happiness of rural residents, that was, social isolation reduced individual happiness by improving loneliness; through the heterogeneity analysis of rural residents with different family income levels, it was concluded that the impact of social isolation on happiness of low-income groups was far less than that of medium and high-income groups. Based on this, the government should introduce relevant policies to prevent the social isolation and loneliness of rural residents in advance, improve the quality of social capital of rural residents, ensure good social relations and social networks, and reduce the impact of social isolation and loneliness on the happiness of rural residents.

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The governance logic of the grass-roots government under the garbage sorting policy： A case study on Z Town, Y City

SHI Yu-hong, QI Di

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (6): 252-257. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.06.044

Abstract （119）

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Using the example of Z Town in Y City, a combination of unstructured interviews, participant observation and literature review was used to explore the governance logic used by the grass-roots government in Z Town to implement waste separation policies. The results showed that there were some problems in the implementation of the garbage sorting policy in Z Town, such as lack of policy publicity and improper operation. According to the specific situation, the local grass-roots government flexibly solved the problem and implemented the policy by transferring the policy target and winning the sympathy of villagers. Therefore, the grass-roots governance needed to combine the actual social situation and start from the perspective of the people in order to effectively implement policies.

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Analysis on resource input and economic benefit of rice and crayfish co-culture in different ecological regions

ZHANG Wen-yu, DAI Ran-xin, CHEN Song-wen, LI Zhun, CAO Cou-gui, WANG Jin-ping

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 1-6. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.001

Abstract （221）

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In 2018, a questionnaire survey was conducted among typical farmers in Eastern Hubei Province along the Yangtze River Plain, hilly land of north central Hubei Province and the Jianghan Plain. And Cobb-Douglas production function was used to evaluate the resource utilization and economic benefits of the rice and crayfish co-culture model in these three regions. The results showed that there were differences in resource input structure, economic output and benefits in three different ecological areas of Hubei Province. The results of Cobb-Douglas production function showed that the main factor affecting the economic benefits of paddy fields in Eastern Hubei Province along the Yangtze River Plain was the input of circulating capital,and fertilizer input was negatively correlated with rice equivalent yield. There was a significant positive correlation between planting and breeding years and economic benefits of rice and crayfish co-culture in Jianghan Plain（P<0.05）. Reducing labor input and increasing mechanization level could significantly improve the equivalent yield of rice in hilly land of north central Hubei Province. Compared with hilly land, the water resources utilization efficiency and mechanization in plain areas was high, and the investment of working capital had a significant impact on increasing economic benefits, which was more suitable for the development of rice and crayfish co-culture. Moreover, through reasonable regulation of resource investment and capital investment, the impact on the environment could be reduced or avoided while ensuring economic benefits.

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Screening and comprehensive evaluation of maize varieties resistant to ear rot in Southwest China

LI Hui, GOU Xiao-song, ZHANG Xiao-wei, SONG Cheng-xiao, DUAN Ming-yu, CHEN Xiao-cui

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 7-11. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.002

Abstract （161）

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To screen out new maize （Zea mays L.） varieties with ear rot resistance suitable for planting in Southwest China, 42 maize varieties in Southwest China were selected for disease resistance identification and analysis of yield related traits using a randomized block design. The results showed that, different varieties had different resistance to corn ear rot, stem rot, sheath blight and other fungal diseases. Among them, Fengyu 799, Qiushuoyu No.2, Guidan 162 and Zhengda 615 had the best comprehensive resistance, reaching the high resistance （HR） level. In addition, the plant height, ear height, ear length, ear diameter, bald tip length, row number per ear, grain number per row, 100-seed weight, seed rate and yield of different varieties were significantly different; the average yield of the varieties ranged from 4 118.10 to 9 855.60 kg/hm², among which the yield of Shuijingdan 15 had the highest yield （9 855.60 kg/hm²）, followed by that of Qiushuoyu No.2 （9 758.25 kg/hm²）. On the whole, Qiushuoyu No.2, Fengyu 799, Jingyu No.1, Shuijinyu No.6, Zhenghong 311 and Zhongyu 335 had better comprehensive disease resistance and higher yields, which were suitable for new maize varieties with ear rot resistance planted in Southwest China.

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The influence of meteorological elements on the yield and quality of spring corn in Longdong

ZHANG Ke-xin, GUO Tong, YU Xiao, ZHAO Yu-juan, LIU Dong-hui

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 12-18. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.003

Abstract （155）

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Based on the meteorological element data of Xifeng District from 1961 to 2020 and the regional joint test of maize in the national agrometeorological experimental station （the spring corn sowing test in Xifeng District by stages） from 2018 to 2020, the impact of meteorological elements on the yield and quality of spring corn（Zea mays） in Longdong was explored. The results showed that the annual average temperature, the annual average maximum temperature, the annual average minimum temperature, and the accumulated temperature ≥10 ℃ in Xifeng District from 1961 to 2020 showed a significant upward trend, while the annual precipitation and sunshine duration showed a decreasing trend and were not significant;during the stage sowing period, different years and sowing dates had different meteorological conditions. During the jointing and tasseling period, spring corn required a large amount of water. The precipitation in 2018 was the highest, which was beneficial for its growth. In 2020, spring drought was encountered, which was unfavorable for the growth of spring corn. In 2020, continuous rainy days were long and of a large magnitude, which affected the pollination and filling of spring corn;the effect of the matching degree of light, heat, and water on the growth and development of spring corn during SD2（2 May） and SD3（12 May） sowing dates was higher than that of other sowing dates each year; the increase of temperature after emergence, the increase of accumulated temperature ≥10 ℃ at emergence to seven-leaf stage and milk mature stage, the increase of precipitation at seven-leaf to milk mature stage, and the increase of sunshine duration at emergence to seven-leaf stage were all conducive to the increase of spring corn yield. Sowing from late April to mid-May could increase the crude protein and fat content of spring corn, but the effect on the crude starch content was not significant. The planting of spring corn in Longdong should choose the appropriate sowing date based on different climatic years.

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Study on the driving factors of agricultural water consumption evolution in different regions of China in recent 20 years

WU Yi-tong, ZHU Ling-yi, WU Min

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 19-23. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.004

Abstract （114）

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The panel data of 31 provinces（cities, autonomous regions） was used, and provinces （cities, autonomous regions） were divided into six regions. The driving factors of agricultural water consumption were decomposed into six major driving factors： agricultural water consumption intensity, agriculturalization, provincial economic development, regional economic development, economic growth（national per capita economic level） and population size by LMDI model, and the impact of each driving factor on agricultural water consumption was explored. The results showed that the agricultural water consumption intensity and agriculturalization promoted the reduction of agricultural water consumption, and the agricultural water consumption intensity effect was the dominant effect; the economic growth and population size inhibited the reduction of agricultural water consumption, and the economic growth effect was the dominant effect. Based on the results, the following recommendations were put forward： economic development should be balanced with water consumption intensity to achieve a new normal of water-saving economic growth; regional economic development differences should be reduced to control their negative effects on water conservation; and funds should be invested to strengthen the intensity effect of water consumption.

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Measurement and spatial pattern of urban water resources utilization efficiency in China

CHEN Chen, LIU Peng-hui, WANG Zi-xiao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 24-31. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.005

Abstract （133）

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The DEA model of the hybrid network structure of the water resources system based on the direction distance function was constructed to measure the overall efficiency, water use stage and sewage treatment stage efficiency of urban water resource utilization in China, and the spatial pattern was studied by Moran's I index. The results showed that, from 2008 to 2017, the overall efficiency of urban water resources utilization was low and the level of water resources utilization efficiency varied significantly between regions. The efficiency of the water use stage was generally higher than that of the sewage treatment stage, both of them showed an upward trend. There was a significant spatial correlation between the overall efficiency of urban water resource utilization, and the phenomenon of spatial agglomeration presented a trend of first declining and then increasing.

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Calculation of cultivated land utilization efficiency and analysis of Gini coefficient in Yunnan Province based on random forest

LI Hao-xun, ZHENG Hong-gang, LIU Shu-xia, ZHAO Hao, CHEN Ran

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 32-37. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.006

Abstract （146）

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Taking 16 autonomous prefectures and cities of Yunnan Province from 2011 to 2020 as the research object, data of 10 indicators such as agricultural machinery power and labor force per land was collected, and the weights of these indicators were obtained by using the random forest algorithm in R language. On the basis of this, the cultivated land use efficiency of the 16 prefectures and cities was obtained. The Gini coefficients of cultivated land use efficiency among six groups of different regions were calculated according to the Gini coefficient mean difference formula. The results showed the average cultivated land utilization efficiency of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, and Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture was high from 2011 to 2020, while the average cultivated land utilization efficiency of Pu'er City and Lincang City was relatively low; compared with other five groups of different regions, the Gini coefficient of cultivated land utilization efficiency of central and western Yunnan decreased as a whole, while the average Gini coefficients of central and southern Yunan, and southern and northern Yunnan were the smallest in the 6 groups of different regions.

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Land use change and landscape ecological risk assessment in Chongqing from 2000 to 2020

SUN Gui-yan, DAI Yun-chuan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 38-43. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.007

Abstract （160）

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Based on the land use data of Chongqing in 2000, 2010, and 2020, the dynamic changes in land use characteristics were, and analyzed an ecological risk assessment model was established using the landscape vulnerability index and landscape pattern index to evaluate the spatiotemporal changes in ecological risk. The results indicated that from 2000 to 2020, the main types of land use in Chongqing were arable land and forest land;the area of artificial surface, forest land, and water bodies continued to increase, while the area of arable land, grassland, shrubland, and wetland continued to decrease. Among them, the area of artificial surface had significantly increased, mainly from arable land;the landscape ecological risks in various periods of Chongqing showed a positive agglomeration effect in space, while the high high agglomeration areas showed a decreasing trend;Chongqing was mainly located in areas with medium and low ecological risks, with overall ecological risks gradually weakening. Differentiated land use measures needed to be taken for different ecological risk areas.

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Distribution of heavy metals （including metalloids） in Weinan section of the lower Weihe River and assessment of water environment quality

QUAN Qing-zhou

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 44-50. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.008

Abstract （117）

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Four sections were selected in the Weinan section of the lower reaches of the Weihe River, including Shuyuan Reservoir, Shicun Reservoir, Zhuhe Reservoir, and the intersection of the three rivers,samples would be taken once a month from January to September 2019 to determine the content of 7 heavy metals （including metalloids） in water, including Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr⁶⁺, Hg and As, and their distribution characteristics and pollution status were analyzed. At the same time, based on the water environment quality monitoring data of the Shuyuan Reservoir monitoring section, a fuzzy matter-element evaluation model for water environment quality based on entropy weight was introduced to comprehensively evaluate the water environment quality of the study area. The results showed that the contents of Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr⁶⁺, Hg and As met the ClassⅠstandard for surface water environmental quality, and the content of Zn met the Class Ⅱ standard for surface water environmental quality. Pb was the main potential ecological risk factor. The water quality of the lower reaches of the Weihe River was generally good, and the main pollution indicators were dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, permanganate index and total nitrogen.

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Identification and diversity of the contaminative microorganisms in germination rate test of rice seeds

XIAO Wan-yu, SUN Yi-jia, ZHOU Xian-yu, REN Hai-long, ZHANG Jing, HUANG Jiang-hua, XU Dong-lin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 51-56. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.009

Abstract （115）

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To understand the diversity of contaminative microorganisms that may affect the result of rice （Oryza sativa L.） seed germination rate test, high-throughput sequencing and taxonomic identification for the moldy pollutants produced during the test were carried out on eight rice seed samples collected from the annual seed quality inspection task in Guangdong Province, China. The results showed that a total of 208 genera, 104 families, 71 orders, 35 classes, and 20 phyla of bacteria were identified from the moldy pollutants, with Proteobacteria as the dominating phylum whose average relative abundance was 63.2%, and Gammaproteobacteria as the dominating class （average relative abundance： 48.2%）. Clostridium, Burkholderia, Enterobacter and Klebsiella were the four most abundant bacterial genera whose average relative abundances were 20.2%, 18.0%, 7.5% and 5.1%, respectively. On the other hand, a total of 87 species, 85 genera, 61 families, 37 orders, 17 classes, and 7 phyla of fungi were identified in the aforementioned moldy pollutants. Ascomycota and Mucoromycota represented 59.0% and 18.5%, respectively, of the fungal community. Eurotiomycetes （42.0%）, Mucoromycetes （18.5%） and Sordariomycetes （12.9%） were the three most abundant fungal classes, whereas Aspergillus （38.4%）, Rhizopus （18.5%） and Fusarium （9.0%） were the three most abundant genera. Furthermore, Aspergillus flavus （average relative abundance： 31.6%） and Rhizopus microsporus （average relative abundance： 16.4%） made up near one half of the fungal abundance.

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Effects of Eupatorium adenophorum invasion on the diversity of soil animal community structure

HU Zhan-yu, ZHOU Jian-song, LIU Wei, CHANG Zheng, YON Chun-Mei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 57-62. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.010

Abstract （156）

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In order to study the effects of Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng on soil animal communities of different habitats, soil animals of grassland, cedar forest, broad-leaved forest and bamboo forest were investigated and analyzed in Laojunshan National Nature Reserve, Wenshan. The results showed, 11 116 soil animal specimens were collected in various places, belonging to 2 phyla, 6 classes, 14 orders and 41 families. The dominant menoptera groups were Tubificida, Acariformes, Parasiformes, Collembola and Hymenoptera. The values of various diversity indexes of soil animals in different habitats after the invasion of Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng were less than those of non invasion, indicating that the species richness, acquisition probability of the same species, species diversity and evenness of individual number distribution all showed a downward trend after the invasion. Except for broad-leaved forest, some diversity indexes of the other three habitats between invasion and non invasion showed significant differences in the four diversity indexes（P<0.05）.

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Species diversity of wood-inhabiting-fungi in Funiu Mountain in Luoyang City, Henan Province

GAO Yan-qi, SONG Yu-kun, LI Lin-bo, CHEN Jia-jia, ZHANG Dang-quan, LI Ming-wan, CHEN Yuan-yuan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 63-68. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.011

Abstract （170）

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Wood-inhabiting-fungi resources were investigated in forest parks and nature reserves of Baiyun Mountain, Laojun Mountain, Longchiman and Muzhaling in Funiu Mountain, Luoyang City, Henan Province. More than 200 samples of the wood-inhabiting-fungi were obtained. Through morphological and molecular systematil studies, 76 species of wood-inhabiting-fungi were identified, belonging to 8 orders, 33 families and 59 genera in Basidiomycetes, Agaricomycetes. Among them, 18 species were newly recorded in Henan Province. The dominant family （Species≥10） were Polyporales and Hymenochaetaceae, and the dominant genus （Species≥5）was Trametes.

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Effects of different female-male ratios and feeding density on spawning capacity and hatchability of Coccinella septempunctata

LIU Ting, LIU Dong-yang, TIAN Shui-sheng, YU Jia-min, WANG Yong, JIANG Lian-qiang, GUO Shi-ping, LI Bin, WU Xing-long, XIAO Ke-jun, LIU Hong-ling, PU De-qiang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 69-72. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.012

Abstract （318）

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Using Aphis craccivora K. as the diet, the effects of different female-male ratios on the laying capacity and hatchability of Coccinella septempunctata under the same feeding density were studied. And using the ratio of 3∶1 as the preferred female-male ratio, the effect of raising Coccinella septempunctata of different densities in a 1 000 mL container on its spawning volume and hatchability was studied. The results showed that spawning volume by Coccinella septempunctata was significantly higher when the female-male ratios were 1∶1, 2∶1 and 3∶1 than those of 4∶1 and 5∶1. With a female-male ratio of 3∶1, the spawning volume of 9 females and 3 males in a container of 1 000 mL was significantly higher than that of 3 females and 1 male, 6 females and 2 males, 12 females and 4 males, 15 females and 5 males. The female-male ratios and the feeding density had no significant effect on hatchability.

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Effects of application of garbage enzyme on the growth and quality of pine willow sprouts

YAN Bing-jie, DENG Zi-xuan, WANG Yi-he, REN Wen-zhuo, LI Jun-yang, NAN Song-jian

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 73-79. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.013

Abstract （136）

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A single-factor multilevel method was used to study the effects of different dilutions of garbage enzyme diluents and different water and fertilizer combinations on germination, growth and quality of pine willow. The growth indexes such as germination potential, germination rate, single plant fresh weight, plant height, root length and stem thickness, and quality indexes such as vitamin C content, soluble sugar content and protein content were measured for each treatment. The results showed that 100 times of garbage enzyme diluent was the most effective in promoting the germination of pine willow seeds, and its germination potential and germination rate increased by 15.15% and 6.42%, respectively, compared with the control; 100 times of garbage enzyme diluent was the most effective in promoting the growth and development of pine willow sprouts, and its vitamin C content, soluble sugar content and protein content increased by 32.85%, 36.81% and 14.11%, respectively, compared with the control; with the increase of diluent ratio, the promoting effect of garbage enzyme on each index of pine willow increased first, then decreased and then tended to be stable; among different water and fertilizer matching modes, soaking seeds, watering and spraying fertilization all used 100 times garbage enzyme diluent had the best comprehensive promoting effect on each index.

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Effects of different foliar fertilizers and biological regulators on the growth of different types of garlic

LIU Guo-wei, GAO Yuan-yuan, LI Si-qi, ZHU Chun-yu, TAN He, REN Yan-yun, ZHANG Long-ping

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 80-83. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.014

Abstract （161）

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During the period from garlic turning green to flower bud differentiation, the effects of different types of foliar fertilizers and biological regulators on the growth of aboveground plants and underground bulbs of different types of garlic were studied using the method of foliar spraying. The results showed that different treatments had a relatively significant impact on the purple garlic variety Jisuan No. 3, while had a relatively small impact on the white garlic variety Jinxiang White Garlic. However, both treatments could improve the bolting traits and yield of the two types of garlic varieties. Foliar spraying of bacillus subtilis could promote the growth of aboveground plants of Jisuan No. 3. Spraying of bacillus subtilis and macronutrient water soluble fertilizer had a better promotion effect on the underground bulbs of Jisuan No. 3, which could significantly improve the yield and commodity quality of bulbs. Spraying humic acid water soluble fertilizer could promote the growth of aboveground plants and underground bulbs of Jinxiang White Garlic.

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Effects of Solanum spp. weed straw on growth and nutrient uptake of Cyphomandra betacea seedlings

DAI Jing-tong, WANG Jiang-yue, LI Rui, CHENG Qi, WANG Hua, DENG Li-li, LIN Li-jin, HU Rong-ping

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 84-88. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.015

Abstract （132）

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To explore the effects of different Solanum spp. weeds straws on the growth and nutrient absorption of fruit trees, the effects of four Solanum spp. weeds （Solanum nigrum, Solanum diphyllum, Solanum alatum and Solanum nigrum var. humile） straws on the growth and nutrient absorption of Cyphomandra betacea seedlings were studied through a pot experiment. The results showed that the straws of Solanum nigrum var. humile and Solanum nigrum treatments increased the biomass and photosynthetic pigments （chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids） contents of Cyphomandra betacea seedlings to a certain extent, and the other two straws treatments had no significant effects. The straws of Solanum diphyllum and Solanum nigrum treatments enhanced the superoxide dismutase activity of Cyphomandra betacea seedlings, and the other two straws treatments had reducing effects. The straws of four Solanum spp. weeds treatments had no significant effects or reducing effects on the peroxidase activity, catalase activity and soluble protein content of Cyphomandra betacea seedlings. The straw of Solanum diphyllum treatment increased the total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium contents in Cyphomandra betacea seedlings, and the other three straws treatments had no significant effect or reducing effects to a certain extent.

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The responses of Amorpha fruticosa ‘Jinye' to drought stress

CHEN Bo, FAN Ji-hong, LI Yu-shu, ZOU Yuan-dong, SHI Jin-chao, YU hai-qun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 89-94. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.016

Abstract （139）

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In order to investigate the effects of continuous drought stress on characteristics of morphology, growth and physiology of Amorpha fruticosa ‘Jinye', and find out its drought-resistances, two-year-old cuttage seedlings of A. fruticosa ‘Jinye' were used as experimental materials, and cuttage seedlings of A. fruticose L. were used as control materials. Potted and continuous drought treatment methods were used to study the effect of drought stress on growth and the physiological indexes such as osmoregulation. The results showed that with the prolongation of drought stress time, the relative water content of soil gradually decreased, and soil relative water content of A. fruticose ‘Jinye' decreased more. At the end of 30-day drought stress, the soil of A. fruticose ‘Jinye' was severely arid, and the relative water content was 24.42%. During the experiment, the seedling height increased continuously and the ground diameter increased first and then decreased, but the increment of seedling height and ground diameter decreased continuously, which indicated that drought stress inhibited the growth of seedling height and ground diameter of the two trees. The contents of MDA and soluble sugar in A. fruticose ‘Jinye' and A. fruticose L. increased gradually with the extension of drought stress time; Proline （Pro） content of A. fruticose ‘Jinye' displayed a trend of first increased and then decreased, while A. fruticosa L. continued to increase. In addition, subordinate function was used to rank their drought resistance and the order was A. fruticose L.> A. fruticose ‘Jinye'. Grey relational analysis found that, plant height and MDA content had the highest correlation with drought resistance, followed by Pro and soluble sugar content. The indicators of A. fruticose ‘Jinye' responded well under drought stress, and A. fruticose ‘Jinye' showed a certain ecological adaptability, which was suitable for planting in arid areas, and could be used as an excellent colorful tree species in arid areas with little rainfall.

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Study on seed dormancy and germination characteristics of Toxicodendron succedaneum

CHEN Fa-zhi, TONG Jun, YANG Shou-kun, ZHAI Jing-hua, GAO Hui-jiang, LIU Zhong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 95-100. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.017

Abstract （121）

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In order to explore the dormancy causes, dormancy release methods and germination characteristics of Japanese wild lacquer（Toxicodendron succedaneum） seeds, mature Japanese wild lacquer seeds were used as materials to observe their morphological structure and water absorption, determine the effects of methanol extracts from different parts of Japanese wild lacquer seeds on the germination and growth of Chinese cabbage seeds, compare the effects of different dewaxing treatments combined with gibberellin soaking on the germination rate of Japanese wild lacquer seeds, and determine the changes of physiological and biochemical indexes during seed germination of Japanese wild lacquer. The results showed that, the seeds of Japanese wild lacquer tree had poor water permeability and physical dormancy. The water absorption rate was only 34.17% after soaking in clean water for 15 days, and the water absorption rate reached 77.12% after acid etching treatment and soaking in clean water for 5 days. The endotesta extract of Japanese wild lacquer had a significant inhibitory effect on the germination and growth of Chinese cabbage seeds. The endotesta contained endogenous substances that inhibited germination and had physiological dormancy. 98% H₂SO₄ dewaxing treatment for 20 min combined with soaking seeds in 300 mg/L gibberellin solution for 12 h could break the seed dormancy of Japanese wild lacquer tree, significantly improve the germination potential and germination rate compared with the control, and make the germination early and neat. The seed germination potential reached （54.33±0.58）% and the germination rate reached （97.67±2.52）%. The seeds started to germinate on the 3rd day and all had germinated on the 10th day. During seed germination, the contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein decreased significantly, the activity of POD and α-amylase increased significantly. The contents of ABA and GA₃ in the seeds of Japanese wild lacquer tree were higher and lower in the dormancy stage. The content of GA₃ increased sharply in the imbibition stage. After the radicle grew, the contents of ABA and GA₃ decreased significantly.

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Analysis of plankton community composition and its dynamic change in rice-crayfish field

SONG Guang-tong, WANG Fen, JIANG Ye-lin, CHEN Zhu, XU Xiao-na, MA Jia-hao, ZHOU Xiang, WANG Jia-jia, XU Bin, ZHU Shi-ming

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 101-106. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.018

Abstract （126）

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In order to study the plankton community composition and its annual dynamic change characteristics in the rice-crayfish field, monthly plankton samples were collected, and the structure, diversity, species and quantity of plankton community were detected and analyzed. The results showed that：①In the ditches, there were 125 species of phytoplankton in 7 phyla, significantly higher than that in field surface, and 57 species of zooplankton in 4 species were determined, which had no significant difference from the field surface; The species number of chlorophyta and protozoa were absolute dominant. ②The annual average values of diversity index, richness index and evenness index of phytoplankton in ditches which for crayfish lived were 1.944, 2.481 and 0.540, respectively; there was no significant difference in diversity index between the two fields. The diversity index, richness index and evenness index of zooplankton in ditches were 1.726, 1.865 and 0.654, respectively. The diversity index was the lowest in April and the highest in August. ③Oocystis sotilaria was dominant species from October to march and April of the following year, Tribonema vulgare Pasch was dominant species from May to September, and Scenedesmus quadricauda was dominant species from June to October. The dominant species were copepodite in December and February. The nauplii in March and April were the dominant species in the field surface, and in ditches,Tintinnopsis was dominant species in April, the dominant species were all Pelomyxa palustris Greeff. from May to August, and Moina affinis Birge. was all dominant species from September to November. ④The annual average density of phytoplankton was 1 403 858 ind/L, the annual average biomass was 0.155 37 mg/L, the density in March was the highest and in February was the minimum, the biomass in May was the highest and in October was the minimums, and the density and biomass of phytoplankton in the ditches were higher than those in the field surface. The annual density and biomass of zooplankton were 4 248 ind/L and 9.28 mg/L respectively in the field surface, the density was the highest in April and minimum in February, the biomass was the highest in December and minimum in February. The density and biomass of zooplankton in the field were higher than that in the ditch.

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Effects of cigar leaves fermentation by Bacillus licheniformis on aroma components formation

HU Lu-lu, SONG Wen, YU Jun, YANG Chun-lei, WANG Zhi, CHEN Xiong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 107-112. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.019

Abstract （139）

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CX-014 cigar leaves as raw materials were used to study the effects of nutrients and Bacillus licheniformis on the aroma components production efficiency and the quality of cigar leaves. The results showed that the nutrient formula obtained by orthogonal optimization experiments was 3.0% glucose, 0.6% glutamate and 0.6% diammonium phosphate. The total content of aroma substances fermented by 7 d with added nutrient （test group） reached 635.2 μg/g, which was 16.4% higher than that of the natural fermentation. The carotenoid transformation products, phenylalanine transformation products and brown reaction products increased by 38.2%, 159.6% and 75.9% compared with natural fermentation, respectively. Then, the test group inoculated with Bacillus licheniformis （2×10⁸CFU/g, optimized group） had been fermented for 7 days. Compared with the test group, the total content of aroma substances was 791.6 μg/g, which was increased by 24.6%; the content of carotenoid transformation products （63.3 μg/g） and the brown reaction products （25.2 μg/g） was increased by 45.9% and 27.9%, respectively.

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Study on the optimization of curing process of K326 in the yellowing period

YAO Gang, YIN Gang, REN Ru-zhou, WANG Fei, WANG Feng-ling, WANG Chang-jie, MA De-sheng, ZOU Cong-ming

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 113-119. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.020

Abstract （128）

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In order to optimize the curing technology of the standardized intensive curing barn,and explore the best curing temperature and humidity combination, the sets of temperature and humidity combinations tests were conducted. That was the upper, middle and lower leaves of the K326 flue-cured tobacco varieties used as test materials at the yellowing stage to study the effect of water loss rate,chlorophyll degradation rate, and economic traits of tobacco leaves with the temperature in 30~48 ℃ and relative humidity in the 70%~85%. The results showed that when temperature and humidity were too higher or too low at the yellowing stage, or the water loss rate and yellowing of tobacco leaves were uncoordinated, it was easy to produce bad tobacco leaves; the chlorophyll degradation rate of different parts of tobacco leaves was less affected by the temperature and humidity during the yellowing stage; the lower leaves had the best economic traits with temperature of 38 ℃ and relative humidity of 80%,and the superior proportion, the mid-superior proportion and the average price were 50.35%,83.88%,and 31.57 yuan/kg, respectively; the middle leaves had the best economic traits with temperate of 38 ℃ and relative humidity of 75%, and the superior proportion, the mid-superior proportion and the average price were 53.53%,89.25%, and 33.76 yuan/kg, respectively; the upper leaves had the best economic traits with temperature of 40 ℃ and relative humidity of 75%,and the superior proportion, the mid-superior proportion and the average price were 56.23%, 88.91%, and 34.09 yuan/kg, respectively.

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Study on physicochemical properties and antioxidation of Ziziphus jujuba ‘Lingwuchangzao' fruit during frozen storage

YUAN Qin, MA Guo-juan, REN Yu-feng, MA Ting-ting, TANG Wen-lin, KANG Peng, XU Wen-di, ZHOU Jun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 120-125. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.021

Abstract （165）

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Using Ziziphus jujuba ‘Lingwuchangzao' fruits as test materials, the contents of soluble solids, titratable acid, vitamin C, total phenolics, total flavonoids, the scavenging rates of O₂^-· and DPPH· were determined and analyzed after frozen storaged at -18 ℃. The results showed that under the condition of frozen storage, with the passage of frozen storage time, the contents of soluble solids, titratable acid, vitamin C, total phenolics and total flavonoids in Ziziphus jujuba ‘Lingwuchangzao' fruits decreased gradually, and the capability of scavenging O₂^-·and DPPH· also decreased gradually. The contents of vitamin C and total phenolics were extremely significantly positively correlated with the scavenging rate of O₂^-·（P<0.01）, and total flavonoids content was significantly positively correlated with the scavenging rate of O₂^-·（P<0.05）, indicating that these three substances were the main effects of scavenging O₂^-·. Moreover, frozen storage could maintain certain DPPH· reduction ability of Ziziphus jujuba ‘Lingwuchangzao' fruits. The rapid decrease of vitamin C content caused the total phenolics and total flavonoids to maintain the antioxidant effect of jujube fruit in the later stage of frozen storage.

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Quality evaluation of nutritional and functional components in Camellia sativa plants

LI Fei-fei, WEI Yue, YU Li-qin, ZHANG Tao-tao, SONG Meng-jiao, ZHU Jie, FAN Yi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 126-129. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.022

Abstract （153）

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In order to clarify the nutritional and functional components of the Camellia sativa plant and evaluate its quality, the Camellia sativa plant in Tangyin County, Anyang City, Henan Province was selected as the research object to determine the content of its main nutritional and functional components, such as water, total ash, crude fat, crude fiber, crude protein, amino acid, total flavonoids, phytosterols, etc. The results showed that the Camellia sativa plant had the highest crude fiber content （58.70%）, crude protein content of 4.84%, and water-soluble and alcohol soluble extracts content of 11.1% and 5.7%, respectively. At the same time, the Camellia sativa plant contained abundant 13 amino acids, with a total content of 7.27%, among which the glutamic acid content was relatively high, at 4.14%. In addition, Camellia sativa plants contained selenium, with calcium having the highest trace element content at 320.3 mg/kg. They also contained abundant plant sterols, total polyphenols, and total flavonoids. In summary, Camellia sativa plants contained abundant crude fiber, trace elements, amino acids, phytosterols, etc., and their development as functional foods, cosmetics, and feed additives had potential comprehensive utilization value.

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Determination of prohibited pesticide residues in white peony by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

LUO Fa-mei, MAO Jing-chun, HUANG Ying-rui, ZHOU Qin, HE Xi, CHENG Long

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 130-136. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.023

Abstract （138）

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A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （LC-MS/MS） method was established for the simultaneous determination of 29 prohibited pesticide residues in the white peony. The white peony powder sample was soaked overnight in acetonitrile and extracted by ultrasound. The solid phase extraction column was used for purification, and 29 prohibited pesticide residues were analyzed by LC-MS/MS positive ion mode scanning. The results showed that the linear correlation coefficient of 29 prohibited pesticides was good （R²>0.995 1）, with a detection limit of 0.000 1~0.030 0 mg/kg and a quantitative limit of 0.000 3~0.090 0 mg/kg; at the spiked level of 0.01~0.50 mg/kg, the recovery rates of 29 prohibited pesticides were 66.8%~108.4%, and the relative standard deviation （n=6） was 0.9%~12.3%. This method had been successfully applied to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of 29 prohibited pesticides in the quality control samples of the white peony. The qualitative accuracy was accurate, and the quantitative results were within the uncertainty range of the quality control certificate. It was suitable for the residual analysis of 29 prohibited pesticides in the white peony.

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Analysis of aroma volatiles in flowers of four camellia varieties

YANG Min, XIE Yan-feng, XU Lin, XIANG Cong-lin, FU Shao, CHEN Bao-lin, WEI Ming, CHEN Xiao-gui, LI Qing-yuan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 137-142. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.024

Abstract （125）

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Four fragrant camellia varieties, namely C37 （Camellia japonica C37）, Sweet Emily Kate （Camellia japonica Sweet Emily Kate）, Hime （Camellia lutchuensis Hime）, and Liexiang （Camellia japonica Liexiang）, were used as materials to analyze the volatiles components and relative content of the flowers of these four camellia varieties during their blooming period using headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography （SPME/GC-MS） technology. The results showed that aroma volatiles compounds were detected in C37, Sweet Emily Kate, Hime, and Liexiang, with 27, 10, 19, and 27 types, mainly including alcohols, esters, aldehydes, aromatic compounds, phenols, ethers, terpenoids, ketones, alkanes, and fatty acids. N-hexanol, Benzaldehyde, Benzyl alcohol, Phenylacetaldehyde, Methyl benzoate, Phenethyl alcohol, Naphthalene, and Methyl salicylate were the main volatiles components of the four camellia varieties. These compounds accounted for 86.84%, 90.32%, 93.81%, and 82.20% of the total volatiles content of C37, Sweet Emily Kate, Hime, and Liexiang, respectively. Benzene ring compounds were the main floral components. The relative content of Methyl benzoate in C37 and Hime was the highest, 39.37% and 42.00%, respectively; the relative content of Phenethyl alcohol （31.60%） in Liexiang was the highest; N-hexanol （70.22%） was the main volatiles compound of Sweet Emily Kate.The relative content of esters and alcohols in the flowers of four camellia varieties was much higher than that of other compounds, making them the main volatiles of camellia.

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Biomass estimation of artificial Robinia pseudoacacia forest in Yellow River Delta based on multi-source remote sensing data

WANG Yi-cong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 143-148. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.025

Abstract （122）

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Using sentinel images, digital terrain data and forest field quadrat survey data, K-nearest neighbor （KNN） model, random forest （RF） model, extreme gradient enhancement （XGBboost） model and Stacking model were constructed respectively to estimate the biomass of artificial Robbin pseudoacacia forest in Yellow River Delta. The results showed that the integrated learning Stacking model significantly improved the accuracy of biomass estimation compared with K-nearest neighbor model, random forest model, and extreme gradient enhancement model （R²=0.61, RMSE=13.42 t/hm²）.

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Multi-scenario simulation of ecosystem service value in Zhijiang City based on land use change

XU Xue-xian, LI Kai-xi, PENG Yu-ling, ZHOU Peng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 149-156. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.026

Abstract （130）

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Taking Zhijiang City as the research area and the remote sensing image data of Zhijiang City in 2000, 2010 and 2020 was collected. ENVI and ArcGIS software, with the help of land use transfer matrix methods, land use dynamic index, equivalent factor method of ecosystem service value and the contribution rate of the ecosystem service value, were used to analyse the temporal and spatial evolution of land use and the characteristics of the temporal and spatial differentiation of the ecosystem service value. The MCE-CA-Markov model was used to predict the change trends of the land use and ecosystem service value （ESV） of Zhijiang City under three scenarios in 2030. The results showed that： ①The land use in Zhijiang City significantly changed from 2000 to 2020, and the area of the construction land expanded rapidly, mainly due to the transfer of cultivated land. The comprehensive dynamic degree of land use was relatively high, and the construction land and wetlands in a single dynamic degree were as high as roughly 10%/a. ②The hydrological adjustment was the highest amongst the ecological contribution rate of the single ecological service. The ecological contribution rate of the water area was the largest amongst the various types of the land use, which had the most significant impact on ESV changes. ③The spatial differentiation of ESV was significant. The ESV in the south of the Yangtze River was higher than that in the north. Overall, the ecosystem service value of Zhijiang City showed a decreasing trend during the whole study period. ④A loss of ESV in 2030 would transpire under natural development and cultivated land protection scenarios, and the land loss from the cultivated land to the construction land was the key to reduce ESV. Under the ecological protection scenario, ESV increased by 7% compared with that in 2020, thus curbing the decreasing trend effectively.

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Construction of Cymbidium sinense AP3 gene overexpression vector and genetic transformation of Dendrobium officinale

HE Ling, SUN Bo, WANG Yi-qin, ZANG Rui, CHEN Yu, HE Feng-mei, ZHU Yong-ping

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 157-162. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.027

Abstract （127）

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In order to explore the function of the Cymbidium sinense AP3 gene in the orchid lip, based on the AP3 gene sequence obtained from the Cymbidium sinense transcriptome in the earlier stage, the overexpression vector of the Cymbidium sinense AP3 gene through PCR technology was constructed, and the protocorm of Dendrobium officinale was transformed using Agrobacterium EHA105 to establish a genetic transformation system. After PCR verification, 9 out of 20 resistant seedlings were found to be positive, with a positive seedling rate of 45%. The Cymbidium sinense AP3 gene was successfully introduced into Dendrobium officinale.

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Establishment and application of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR detection technology for cherry virus A

LIU Huan, LIU Ge, LI Rui

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 163-169. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.028

Abstract （100）

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Three pairs of detection primers were designed in the conserved region of cherry virus A （CVA） mp gene. After specific screening, primers were obtained that could be used for virus quantitative research. Preparation of plasmid standards, and establishment of standard curves were conducted the sensitivity and specificity of this method, were verified and it is applied to the quantitative detection of CVA in field fruit tree samples. One pair of primers with high detection efficiency and strong specificity （CVA-dF2, CVA-dR2） was successfully screened, and a real-time reverse transcription fluorescence quantitative PCR method for detecting CVA was established based on SYBR Green I fluorescent dye. This method had good repeatability and high sensitivity. It could accurately detect the target viral load without the help of internal reference genes. The slope of the absolute quantitative standard curve was -3.574 6, the coefficient of determination R² was 0.998 6, and the amplification efficiency was 0.904 4, which was 10 times higher than the sensitivity of conventional RT-PCR detection.The establishment of this method provided a powerful tool for quantitative research on CVA, which could be used for batch detection of CVA in fruit trees or detection of low abundance virus samples.

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Research on the transmission mechanism of environmental regulation on industrial structure upgrading

HUANG Shan-shan, LUO Xiao-juan, WANG Jin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 170-176. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.029

Abstract （133）

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Based on the panel data of 30 provinces （municipalities and autonomous regions） in China except Tibet, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan from 2006 to 2019, the mediation effect model and Sobel test method were used to study the influence path of domestic environmental regulations on industrial structure upgrading and the mediation effect of each path. The results showed that China's environmental regulation had a significant positive direct effect on industrial structure upgrading; environmental regulation could promote the upgrading of China's industrial structure through technological innovation and consumption structure, and their effects were 84.0% and 43.0%, respectively; environmental regulation inhibited industrial structure upgrading through the paths of international trade and foreign investment, with the effects of 13.0% and 4.0%, respectively.

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Empirical study on the efficiency of technological innovation of agricultural listed companies

LU Zhi-juan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 177-181. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.030

Abstract （118）

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Three hundred listed companies were selected to evaluate and analyze their technological innovation ability and influencing factors with the help of DEA-BCC model and Malmquist index. The results indicated that the overall level of technological innovation efficiency of agricultural listed companies was relatively low, and the comprehensive efficiency （35.2%）, pure technical efficiency （55.2%）, and annual decline of foreign-funded enterprises were slightly higher than those of private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. From 2018 to 2020, the Malmquist index of listed agricultural companies decreased by 28.37%, most of them were in the middle and low end of the value chain, and the level of technical efficiency had decreased. Moreover, the equity institutions, profitability and government subsidies of the companies passed the significance test of 10%, 5% and 1%, respectively, which were positively correlated with the efficiency of technological innovation. Agricultural listed companies should make reasonable use of innovation resources under their actual operation conditions, strive to improve their own business level and technological transformation ability, increase investment in technological innovation, and enhance their competitiveness.

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Study on the space-time effect of construction in beautiful Hubei

LI Xiao-ling, WEN Yan-ping, JIANG Yu-xiang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 182-189. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.031

Abstract （130）

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Based on the beautiful Hubei index system constructed by 17 indexes of 17 cities and prefectures in Hubei Province from 2014 to 2018, the temporal and spatial evolution law of beautiful Hubei construction was analyzed. The entropy method was used to determine the weight of each index, the time change of the value of each city and prefectures was analyzed, and then the construction level of beautiful Hubei in each city and prefectures was classified by using the natural discontinuous point method. The results showed that on the time scale, all kinds of indices in each city and prefectures had been improved, and the minimum value was raised faster than the highest value. On the spatial scale, the grading standard of the beautiful Hubei index had been significantly improved, and the construction level of beautiful Hubei in various regions had an obvious trend towards the third level. Finally, according to the conclusion of the study, some suggestions from the government, enterprises and individuals were put forward to further build beautiful Hubei.

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Research on the coupling coordination and spatial spillover effect of tourism industry-population urbanization-regional economy in the Yellow River Basin

WU Xiao-yang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 190-196. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.032

Abstract （100）

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Based on the coupling coordination degree model, spatial autocorrelation model and panel data spatial Durbin model, the coupling coordination level and spatial-temporal differentiation pattern of tourism industry, population urbanization and regional economy were analyzed in the nine provinces（regions） of the Yellow River Basin from 2005 to 2019. The results showed that from 2005 to 2019, the comprehensive development level of the tourism industry, population urbanization and regional economy systems in the Yellow River Basin had been improving gradually, and the coupling coordination degree showed a fluctuating growth trend; there was a spatial positive correlation between the three system coupling coordination degrees, among which Gansu Province and Henan Province showed a “low-low” and “high-high” agglomeration mode, respectively. The results of spatial Durbin model showed that the subsystem of regional economy and urbanization presented a significant positive spillover effect, and the positive impacts of neighboring provinces were greater than those within the province. Based on this, corresponding suggestions were put forward to promote the formation of a systematic, comprehensive and coordinated overall development pattern in the Yellow River Basin.

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Analysis of the eco-efficiency evaluation and driving factors of grain production in Shandong Province：Based on the dual perspective of non-point source pollution and carbon emission

ZHU Meng-fan, LI Jing-suo

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 197-205. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.033

Abstract （128）

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The SBM-Undesirable model based on non-expected output was used to measure and evaluate the eco-efficiency of grain production in 16 cities in Shandong Province from 2000 to 2019. ArcGIS visualization technology and Moran index were used to explore the characteristics of its spatial pattern, and a Tobit model was constructed to analyze its driving factors. The results showed that the eco-efficiency of grain production in Shandong Province showed a fluctuating upward trend, with an annual average value of 0.58, and there was still much room for improvement. Spatially, there were obvious differences, the areas with a high level of eco-efficiency of grain production had gradually shifted to the northwest and southwest of Shandong Province; except for 2002, 2006 and 2008, there was a significant positive spatial correlation, and the overall trend was “H-H”and “L-L”agglomeration. The level of financial support for agriculture, the income level of rural residents and the cropping structure had significant driving effects on the eco-efficiency of grain production in Shandong Province, and there were spillover effects on the eco-efficiency of grain production between different regions.

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Research on the trend, characteristics and improvement of agricultural science and technology progress in Hubei Province

CHEN Wen-hui, WANG Chang-jun, GU Yan, WANG Zhen

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 206-212. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.034

Abstract （129）

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In order to scientifically understand the role of scientific and technological progress in the development of agricultural economy, taking Hubei Province as an example, based on Solow growth model and regression analysis method, the contribution rate of agricultural scientific and technological progress in Hubei Province in 2021 was calculated and analyzed, and the contribution rate of agricultural scientific and technological progress in Hubei Province in 2022 and 2023 was predicted. The results showed that the contribution rate of agricultural scientific and technological progress in Hubei Province continued to maintain an upward trend, showing the development characteristics of a large horizontal gap in the contribution rate of agricultural scientific and technological progress, a downward trend in the marginal return of agricultural material input, and a negative growth in the contribution rate of labor and land factors. In order to promote the contribution rate of agricultural science and technology progress to continue to grow steadily, countermeasures and suggestions were put forward from five aspects： Agricultural science and technology transformation input, agricultural science and technology resource allocation, talent team construction, agricultural technology extension system and industrial science and technology integration.

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The research on farmers' credit, development potential and relative poverty elimination in post-poverty era： Based on the analysis of the survey data in four northwestern provinces

LIU Fang, XIE Hong-miao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 213-221. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.035

Abstract （117）

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Based on the 1 957 rural families' survey data from poverty-stricken areas of four northwest provinces including Ningxia, Qinghai, Gansu and Shaanxi in 2019 and 2020, using the method of propensity score matching（PSM） and “A-F” multi-dimensional poverty index, an empirical analysis of the relationship of farmers'credit, development potential and multidimensional poverty was made. The results showed that farmers' credit could effectively restrain farmers' multi-dimensional poverty, and its effect was more obvious for high-potential farmers than ordinary farmers. Credit had different effects on different types of poverty. It could obviously improve income poverty and living condition poverty, and alleviate health poverty to a certain extent, but it had no significant effect on education poverty, asset poverty and opportunity poverty. To strengthen and consolidate the effect of credit poverty alleviation, it must pay attention to the cultivation of the development ability of poor farmers and poor areas, enhance the management ability and development potential of farmers, and consolidate the effect of credit poverty alleviation.

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Evaluation and analysis of influencing factors on the livelihood stability of poverty alleviation farmers from the perspective of sustainable livelihoods

ZHANG Fei-yun, CHANG Wen-jie

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 222-228. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.036

Abstract （129）

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Taking J township in Shanxi Province as an example, an evaluation index system for the livelihood stability of poverty alleviation farmers was constructed through questionnaire surveys and the theory of sustainable livelihoods, the stability of the livelihoods of poverty alleviation farmers in J township was evaluated, and the influencing factors of the livelihoods stability of poverty alleviation farmers were analyzed. The results showed that the poverty alleviation farmers in J township in a very stable, stable, relatively stable, and unstable state accounted for 1.91%, 23.45%, 55.02%, and 19.62% of the total sample, respectively. The livelihood stability of the poverty alleviation farmers was generally good, only about one-fifth of the poverty alleviation farmers were in a state of poor livelihood stability. Through the analysis of the factors affecting the livelihood stability of the poverty alleviation farmers, it was found that human capital, social capital and material capital had the greatest impact on the livelihood stability of the poverty alleviation farmers. In terms of specific indicators, the status of farmers' skills training, whether they joined economic organizations, and energy use were the leading factors affecting the stability of the livelihoods of poverty alleviation farmers.

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Research on the influencing factors of new farmers' rural e-commerce entrepreneurship based on SEM

GUO Tian-tian, WANG Hui

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 229-234. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.037

Abstract （104）

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Under the background of rural revitalization, taking 321 questionnaires as samples, starting from the characteristics of new farmers, seven variables of infrastructure, policy support, community role, talent reserve, consumer trust, cognitive level and entrepreneurial behavior were selected through investigation, and the structural equation model （SEM） of new farmers' rural e-commerce entrepreneurship was constructed. The results showed that infrastructure, policy support, community role, talent reserve, consumer trust and cognitive level all had a positive impact on the rural e-commerce entrepreneurial behavior of new farmers at a significant level. Through the analysis of the established behavioral path, suggestions were proposed to improve the rural supply chain system, carry out a variety of e-commerce skills training, and cultivate and support new farmers in rural e-commerce, which had certain practical significance for improving the rural e-commerce entrepreneurship of new farmers.

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Research on the transformation and upgrading of the circulation system of intelligent agriculture value-added tea industry

JI Xin-mei, LI Jiao, GUO Yu-jie

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 235-239. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.038

Abstract （129）

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Based on the strategy of promoting agriculture through quality proposed by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the rise of the wave of intelligent agriculture, taking the transformation of the traditional tea industry circulation model and the promotion of the transformation and upgrading of China's tea industry circulation as the goals, intelligent agricultural technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, digital economy, and decentralization were integrated into various links of tea production, supply, retail, and quality supervision, respectively, to create a new tea industry development model that valued the transformation and upgrading of the tea industry circulation system with intelligent agricultural technology.

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Research on short video content marketing for agricultural products based on SICAS model

LIU Huan-yi, XIU Jian-xin, NIU Shan-bin, CHEN Xiao-feng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 240-246. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.039

Abstract （188）

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Short video content marketing of agricultural products has more prominent advantages than traditional agricultural marketing in terms of duration, content, interactive participation and emotional mobilization, but many problems have been exposed during the practice of combining. The article aimed to provide reference for improving short video content marketing for agricultural products, insisted on content as the core and customer-oriented strategy, and proposed five levels of short video content marketing strategy for agricultural products with reference to SICAS model, that was building a demand perception network with wide coverage and fast response; enriching the production channels of agricultural products short video heterogeneous content; determining the differentiated positioning based on platform characteristics, and relying on platform channels to connect with users; expanding sales channels based on platform selection, and optimizing shopping experience; actively guiding users to share their experience,and doing a good job of word-of-mouth marketing.

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Research on the promotion path of county innovation ability based on the practice in Hubei Province from the perspective of rural revitalization

XIAO Song, YU Xiang, MEN Yu-ying, ZOU Xiao-wei, WANG Ya

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 247-252. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.040

Abstract （134）

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In order to explore the impact mechanism of improving the innovation capability of county regions in the process of comprehensively promoting the rural revitalization strategy in the new era, taking 62 counties（cities） in Hubei Province as the research sample, the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method （fsQCA） was used to select five condition variables of market, economy, industrial structure, talent and policy, and in-depth analysis from the perspective of configuration was conducted. The results showed that a single condition variable could not directly improve regional innovation ability, but needed to be synergistic through configuration. There were five paths to improve regional innovation capability, which could be summarized into four models, namely market-oriented, dual-driven economy and industrial structure, comprehensive development, and government input and industrial structure promotion. The economy, market and industrial structure were the core variables for the improvement of regional innovation capabilities, of which the industrial structure was the most important.

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Social enterprises promote rural revitalization： Value logic, typical practice and legal guarantee

ZHANG Li-li, HUANG Yu-qi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (7): 253-257. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.07.041

Abstract （131）

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As an emerging business model, social enterprises can drive rural revitalization through commercial channels in both economic benefits and social benefits. Rural revitalization driven by social enterprises has been practiced overseas, among which Japanese integrated agricultural association model and French agricultural cooperative model have certain enlightenments for the development of rural social enterprises in China. At present, Chinese social enterprises still face problems such as unclear legal positioning, blind spots and deficiencies in legal supervision, and the poor policy support system. Relevant departments should select reasonable policy tools based on the actual national conditions to determine the legal positioning of social enterprises, improve the content of legal supervision, and optimize the policy support system, so as to provide a legal system guarantee for social enterprises to promote rural revitalization.

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Effects of different nitrogen application rates on the expression of wheat characters based on DUS testing

SUN Jian-jun, DOU Dan-dan, SHEN Pei-lin, DING Chao-ming, GUO Yu-xi, GUO Xin-hai, WANG De-xin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 1-6. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.001

Abstract （230）

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To explore the effects of different fertility levels on the expression of wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） traits, so as to provide reference for wheat DUS test, using 4 common wheat varieties as materials, the expression of 32 characters in DUS test was analyzed by setting 5 nitrogen application treatments. The results showed that different nitrogen application levels had a great influence on the expression of awn length, showing two code differences, while there was no difference or one code difference in the expression of quality traits, false quality traits and other visual quantitative traits. The results of variance analysis showed that the effect of nitrogen application on different measurement type traits among different varieties was different, and each trait showed significant differences under different fertility（P<0.05）. Among them, the flag leaf length, flag leaf width and spike length were greatly affected by the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, the expression of plant height, spikelet number and grain number per spike were less affected, and the expression of sterile spikelet number was basically not affected.

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Effects of dense planting on growth, agronomic characters and yield of rapeseed

XIE Xiong-ze, XIE Jie, CHU Qian-mei, YIN Yu-feng, CHEN Fu-hua, FENG Peng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 7-12. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.002

Abstract （158）

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Rapeseed（Brassica napus L.） inbred lines “20ZY0592”（V1）, “20ZY9389”（V2）, hybrid variety “Huayouza 62”（V3） and “Huayouza 9”（V4） were used as test materials. A split-plot experiment with three densities of 3×10⁵ plants/hm²（D1）, 6×10⁵ plants/hm²（D2）, and 9×10⁵ plants/hm²（D3） was set up. The index of extinction, number of green leaves per plant, leaf area index, photosynthetic rate, agronomic characters and yield were measured at the overwintering period, budding period, full flowering period and silique period. The results showed that during the whole growth period of rapeseed, dense planting resulted in the increase of extinction index and leaf area index, the decrease of the number of green leaves per plant and photosynthetic rate. Under different density conditions, the extinction index and leaf area index, the number of green leaves per plant and photosynthetic rate were grouped in pairs, with positive correlation within groups and negative correlation between groups. Dense planting led to the decrease of root-stem diameter, effective branch number, effective length of main inflorescence, effective silique number per plant and the increase of effective branch position. Dense planting was beneficial to increase yield within a certain range, but led to decreased yield beyond the range. Reasonable dense planting was beneficial to increase the yield of rapeseed, but while dense planting increased the leaf area index, it would also lead to the increase of the extinction index, the decrease of the number of green leaves and photosynthetic rate of a single plant, and caused the individual plant to be thinner and center of gravity to rise, thereby increasing the risk of lodging, which needed to be paid attention to in the process of dense planting of rapeseed.

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Analysis of endophytic fungi and the rhizosphere soil fungi communities of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua.

LI Ming-jian, CHEN Xiao-fang, CHENG Zhong-jun, REN Xiu-xiu, ZHANG Xiang-yu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 13-20. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.00

Abstract （123）

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The community composition and diversity of endophytic fungi and rhizosphere soil fungi of wild Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua. from Hunan Province, Guizhou Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was analyzed based on Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology. A total of 3 188 ASVs were obtained in all samples, and were divided into 11 phyla, 33 classes, 85 orders, 166 families, 320 genera and 375 species. Fungi mainly belonged to Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. At the genus level, the dominant genera of rhizosphere fungi were Cladophialophora and Exophiala in Guizhou Province, Archaeorhizomyces and Mortierella in Hunan Province, and Fusarium and Saitozyma in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region; the dominant genera of endophytic fungi were Exosporium, Entoloma, etc. in Guizhou Province, while they were Geastrum, Mortierella, etc. in Hunan Province, and they were Fusarium, Saitozyma, etc. in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The alpha diversity analysis showed that the diversity and richness of endophytic fungi and rhizosphere soil fungi communities in the medicinal parts of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua. from these three provinces（region） were significantly different. The results of PCoA and UPGMA clustering showed that the composition of fungal communities in three areas was quite different; PICRUSt 2 predictive analytics showed that endophytic fungi and rhizosphere soil fungi were involved in multiple metabolic pathways and the production of active substances such as polysaccharides of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua.

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Effects of optimized fertilization on yield, quality and nutrient use efficiency of alpine radish-cabbage rotation system in western Hubei Province

ZHOU Jian-xiong, TIAN Wei, ZHAO Shu-jun, XU Da-bing, HAN Wei, CHEN Xi-gui

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 21-26. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.004

Abstract （176）

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Different fertilization treatments were set up to study the effects of different fertilization modes on the yield, quality and nutrient utilization rate of the radish （Raphanus sativus L.）-cabbage （Brasscia oleracea L.） rotation system in the alpine region of western Hubei Province with conventional fertilization as control. The results showed that compared with the conventional fertilization control, the yield of radish increased by 11.09% and 38.59% in the treatment of optimized fertilization and organic fertilizer replacing 30% of chemical fertilizer nitrogen, respectively, and in addition to the recovery efficiency of potassium in the optimized fertilization treatment, the recovery efficiency, agronomic utilization rate, partial productivity and harvest index of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the two treatments increased to varying degrees. Compared with the conventional fertilization control, the application amount of phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer in the optimized fertilization model decreased by 50.00% and 16.67%, respectively, but the yield of cabbage decreased by only 1.68%, and except for the decrease of nitrogen agronomic efficiency and partial factor productivity, the nutrient utilization efficiency indicators and harvest index of other nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium all increased. Compared with conventional fertilization, under the treatment of organic fertilizer replacing 30% of chemical fertilizer nitrogen, the yield of cabbage increased by 4.49%, the recovery and utilization rate, agronomic utilization rate and partial productivity of nitrogen and potassium, the agronomic utilization rate and partial productivity of phosphorus all increased. Therefore, the mode of optimized fertilization and the mode of organic fertilizer replacing 30% chemical fertilizer nitrogen had a significant effect on improving the yield and nutrient use efficiency of the alpine radish-cabbage rotation system in western Hubei Province.

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Research on the prediction model of rice yield component factors based on atmospheric circulation characteristics and sea temperature：Taking Jiangsu Province as an example

HAO Ling, YANG Ying, ZHANG Pei, QIU Hang, QIAN Shen-yang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 27-36. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.005

Abstract （129）

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Based on the characteristic of the 500 hPa atmospheric circulation characteristic that could characterize the weather situation and control the weather conditions, and the principle of air-sea interaction, the two techniques of linear and monotonic curve correlation and optimization factor correlation were used to conduct census and comparative analysis on circulation and sea temperature factors. A batch of factors of atmospheric circulation characteristics and sea temperature that were extremely significantly related to the yield component factors （effective panicle number, grain number per panicle and thousand-grain weight） of rice （Oryza sativa L.） in Jiangsu Province were selected. Then, the stability of the factors obtained from the general survey was tested by the sliding correlation test, and the independence of the factors obtained from the general survey was tested by the principal component identification method. The factors of atmospheric circulation characteristics and sea temperature that were stable, independent and significantly related to the rice yield component factors were determined as the forecasting factors. Finally, based on the least squares method, circulation and sea temperature models for dynamic prediction of rice yield component factors in Jiangsu Province were established, the fitting effects of these models were good and could be put into business use.

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Study on land ecological security in Zhangjiajie City based on ecological footprint

HE Bi-hu, DENG Ming-rong, XIE Wen-hai, ZHU Shen-hai, HUANG Cheng-hui, ZENG Sheng, LI Ya-hui

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 37-43. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.006

Abstract （108）

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In order to explore the ecological security and spatial pattern of various types of land in Zhangjiajie City, Hunan Province, based on the ecological footprint analysis, the land ecological footprint, ecological carrying capacity, ecological profit and loss, and ecological pressure index of Zhangjiajie City in five periods of 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020 were calculated. Through the establishment of the land ecological security evaluation model, the grade of land ecological security in Zhangjiajie City was evaluated according to the standardized ecological pressure index. The results showed that the ecological footprint per capita of Zhangjiajie City showed an upward trend from 2000 to 2020, with a growth rate of 52.4%; the ecological carrying capacity per capita remained basically stable; the ecological deficit had increased by 1.45 times; the ecological pressure index also increased by 52.2%. The land ecological security in Zhangjiajie City fluctuated, and was generally in an unsafe state. The spatial pattern of land ecological security showed that the unsafe area overlapped with the grassland and water area, and the safe area overlapped with the forest land.

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Spatial autocorrelation analysis study of land use and ecosystem service value in karst area： A case of Baise City in Guangxi

HUANG Xiu-yu, YAN Zhi-qiang, HU Bao-qing, YAN Qin-qiang, PENG Ding-xin, SHENG Kai

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 44-53. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.007

Abstract （112）

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The spatial distribution pattern of land use and ecosystem service values in Baise City, Guangxi in 2020 was visualized under a 3 km×3 km grid, and their spatial aggregation characteristics and spatial autocorrelation were explored using Moran’s I index and LISA agglomeration map. The results showed that, the various land use types in Baise City showed a significant positive correlation and agglomeration distribution, and the spatial agglomeration or anomalous areas were obviously different. The ecosystem service values of Baise City as a whole showed a significant positive spatial autocorrelation and high-high aggregation, and low-low aggregation,with a high degree of spatial aggregation. High-low aggregation and low-high aggregation appeared sporadically in local areas. Forest land and its ecosystem service values both showed the strongest positive spatial autocorrelation and spatial agglomeration, the positive spatial autocorrelation and spatial agglomeration of other land use types and their ecosystem service values showed the same trend. Baise City should continue to implement ecological protection and restoration policies, strictly prohibit urban construction from touching the "red line" of ecological protection, improve land use efficiency and ecosystem service value in general, and promote regional economic, social and ecologically sustainable development.

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Ecological sensitivity analysis of Zhengzhou City based on FAHP method

WANG Ya-nan, TANG Pu-xia, WANG Dong-meng, LEI Ya-kai, KONG De-zheng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 54-59. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.008

Abstract （113）

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Using GIS software, ecological sensitivity analysis was conducted in Zhengzhou City, and ecological sensitivity zoning was carried out. Six factors were selected, including vegetation coverage, elevation, slope, water buffer zone, population density, and land use type,the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process （FAHP） was used to build the evaluation model, and the spatial analysis function of GIS software was used to analyze the ecological sensitivity of a single factor and the comprehensive ecological sensitivity of weighted superposition. The results indicated that Zhengzhou City was mainly composed of moderately sensitive areas, followed by highly sensitive areas; moderately sensitive areas accounted for 37.05% of the research area total area, mainly distributed in Yellow River Basin in the north of Zhengzhou, the plain in the east of city, and the surrounding areas of Songshan Mountains in the west of Zhengzhou City;highly sensitive areas accounted for 29.19% of the research area total area, mainly distributed in low mountain and hilly areas with higher elevations and larger slopes in Songshan and Jishan Mountains;low sensitivity areas accounted for 21.03% of the research area total area, mainly distributed in the Yellow River water area in the north of Zhengzhou City and the surrounding areas of the urban central planning area in the eastern part of Zhengzhou City;the insensitive areas accounted for 12.73% of the research area total area, mainly distributed in the central area in the east of Zhengzhou, the urban built-up areas of Zhongmu County and Xinzheng City under its jurisdiction, and scattered in some parts of the west.

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Integrated analysis of the effect of nitrogen addition on soil organic phosphorus transformation

WANG Yan-jie, WU Lin-hui, GENG Bi-miao, ZHAO Qiong, SUN Qing-ye

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 60-68. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.009

Abstract （113）

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In order to investigate the impact of nitrogen deposition on soil organic phosphorus mineralization and microbial phosphorus fixation, this study collected 86 pieces of literature on the impact of soil organic phosphorus transformation worldwide and conducted a meta-analysis of 874 sets of data obtained. Quantitative analysis was conducted on the effects of nitrogen addition on soil organic phosphorus transformation related indicators （phosphatase, microbial biomass phosphorus, etc.） and their differences in different types of ecosystems, soil pH, soil depth, nitrogen source, nitrogen addition amount, and duration. Globally, nitrogen addition significantly increased soil acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activities by 10.7% and 8.8%, respectively, and significantly decreased soil microbial biomass phosphorus content by 13.2%. The addition of nitrogen promoted the enhancement of soil organic phosphorus mineralization and inhibited the fixation of phosphorus by microbial biomass. Nitrogen addition reduced soil pH by 4.1%. Soil pH was significantly negatively correlated with acid phosphatase activity, but significantly positively correlated with microbial biomass phosphorus content. Nitrogen addition significantly increased soil phosphatase activity, indicating that nitrogen addition promoted soil organic phosphorus mineralization. The addition of nitrogen significantly reduced the phosphorus content of soil microbial biomass and inhibited the fixation of phosphorus by soil microorganisms. The response of organic phosphorus mineralization and microbial fixation to nitrogen addition varied among different ecosystem types, soil pH, soil depth, and experimental operations. In addition, the change in soil pH caused by nitrogen addition was an important reason for its impact on soil organic phosphorus transformation.

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Value accounting of cultivated land ecosystem products in Karst Plateau areas——Taking Anshun City, Guizhou Province as an example

ZHOU Fu-kai, WANG Hai

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 69-74. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.010

Abstract （150）

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Taking Anshun City, Guizhou Province as an example, this paper discussed the connotation of the value of cultivated land ecosystem products in Karst Plateau areas, and used mathematical statistics and econometric models to calculate the value by referring to theoretical models and combining the relevant data of cultivated land ecosystem in Anshun City. The results showed that the value of cultivated land ecosystem products in Anshun City in 2019 was 29.235 billion yuan, accounting for 31.64% of the total GDP of Anshun City in 2019; the output value of cultivated land ecosystem products was 16.653 billion yuan, accounting for 56.96% of the value of cultivated land ecosystem products; the regulation services of cultivated land ecosystem was worth 11.166 billion yuan, accounting for 38.20% of the value of cultivated land ecosystem products; the cultural service function of cultivated land ecosystem was worth 1.416 billion yuan, accounting for 4.84% of the value of cultivated land ecosystem products. The research results provided reference for relevant government departments to formulate policies for the protection of the quantity, quality, and ecology of arable land, as well as for the accounting of cultivated land value.

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Effects of film mulching on weed control and yield in rapeseed under low level fertilization

JIANG Cheng-hong, ZHOU Yuan-wei, LI Shuang-hua, LI Xu-qing, SHI Chang-hua, PAN Long-qi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 75-80. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.011

Abstract （125）

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The effects of film mulching on weed control and yield in rapeseed under low-level fertilization were studied by setting three treatments： Biodegradable film （BE film）, polyethylene film （PE film） and no film mulching（control）. The results showed that under low level fertilization, both plant height and leaf number of rapeseed seedlings showed a serious deficiency of fertilizer. The correlation coefficient between lack of fertilizer state and N was above 0.95. Film mulching could effectively accelerate rape biomass accumulation. 45 days after emergence, compared to the control, plant height and leaf number of BE film and PE film were increased by an average of 3.8%, 5.4% and 6.1%, 8.1%, respectively, while 75 days after emergence, plant height and leaf number were increased by an average of 17.6%, 14.3% and 20.6%, 14.3%, respectively; film mulching could effectively control weeds. 45 days after emergence, the average plant control efficiency of BE film and PE film was 83.6% and 82.7%, respectively, while 75 days after emergence, the average plant control efficiency was 89.1% and 84.7%, and the average fresh weight control efficiency was 73.4% and 85.4%, respectively; at the same time, film mulching could also change the community structure of dominant weeds. Compared to the control, covering BE film and PE film, the average height of rapeseed plant increased by 5.6% and 5.0%, respectively, the number of primary effective branches increased by 13.2% and 22.6%, respectively, the effective pod number per plant increased by 20.6% and 22.5%, respectively, the seed number per pod increased by 30.1% and 27.5%, respectively, and the average yield increased by 55.2% and 47.5%, respectively.

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Fungicidal effect of plasma on Penicillium of lily

LIU Cui-cui, GAO Si-fan, WU Shen-zhong, NING Guo-gui, HE Yan-hong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 81-84. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.012

Abstract （120）

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Bulb scales of Lilium oriental hybrids Sorbonne inoculated with Penicillium were treated with ozone and nitrogen oxides generated by the plasma device to explore the bactericidal effect of plasma on Penicillium of lily and the effect of ozone treatment on plant growth and development. The results showed that both plasma gases treated for 20 min every two days or four days effectively inhibited Penicillium of lily, and the incidence rate could be controlled to 11.11%~22.22%. The ozone generated by plasma could effectively inhibit the occurrence of Penicillium without affecting the growth and development of lily. This study was the first report of plasma technology in the control of Penicillium in lily bulbs, which was beneficial to promote the domestic localization of lily bulbs and green ecological agriculture.

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Optimization of Ganoderma lucidum fermentation process with lotus leaf substrate and determination of active components

YANG Cong-fa, TANG Ben, QIN Qi, LUAN Li-ning, ZHU Yong-quan, DENG Xiang, LI Xiang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 85-89. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.013

Abstract （144）

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Ganoderma lucidum fermentation process with lotus leaf as the main substrate was studied and the content of active components before and after fermentation was determined. Biomass was selected as the detection index, and the effects of water material ratio, carbon source（glucose）, nitrogen source（soybean protein） and lotus leaf specification on Ganoderma lucidum fermentation were studied by single factor test and orthogonal test. The results showed that the optimal culture conditions of lotus leaf fermented by Ganoderma lucidum were as follows： water material ratio of 3.0∶1, carbon source（glucose） 10%, nitrogen source（soybean protein） 4%, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 0.1 g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.15 g, lotus leaf specification 40 mesh particle size, fermentation temperature 28 ℃, and fermentation time 12 d. After fermentation, the contents of active components in the substrate were alkaloid 0.508%, polysaccharide 4.870%, ganoderma acid 0.720%, soluble dietary fiber 3.450% and insoluble dietary fiber 9.020%, which was a good raw material for a functional food.

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The effect of root promoting fertilizer on seedlings growth of Bupleurum chinense DC.

LI Xiao, WANG Dan, LI Yi-xue, CHEN Hua, YU Ma, ZHAO Jun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 90-94. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.014

Abstract （198）

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In order to increase the yield of the underground part of Bupleurum chinense DC., nine types of root promoting fertilizers were used to irrigate and fertilize B. chinense seedlings. The effects of different root promoting fertilizers on eighteen agronomic traits such as B. chinense plant height, root dry weight, and chlorophyll content, as well as saikosaponins content and yield were studied. The results showed that Micro Tonic Energy increased the aboveground dry weight; Genduole inhibited the growth trend of plant height and delayed the attenuation and growth trend of chlorophyll content; Haibos Growth Promotion Essence increased the plant height, but inhibited the growth trend of plant height; among them, five fertilizers reduced the yield of saikosaponins. In the production and cultivation of B. chinense, it was extremely important to apply fertilizer reasonably to inhibit the growth of aboveground organs, promote root growth, and facilitate biosynthesis and accumulation of saikosaponins.

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Effects of melatonin pretreatment on drought resistance of strawberry seedlings

GOU Yi-jie, YANG Zhen-hua

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 95-101. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.015

Abstract （146）

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In order to study the effects of melatonin pretreatment on drought resistance of strawberry seedlings, strawberry seedlings were treated with different concentrations of melatonin in “spray+root irrigation” pre-culture before drought treatment. The results showed that drought severely inhibited strawberry growth. Medium and low concentration（100~200 μmol/L） melatonin pretreatment could effectively alleviate the growth stress caused by drought on strawberry seedlings, enhance the activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD）, peroxidase（POD） and catalase（CAT）, and inhibit the production of hydrogen peroxide （H₂O₂） and malondialdehyde（MDA）. Meanwhile, drought stress increased the expression levels of stress-related genes in strawberry seedlings, and exogenous melatonin pretreatment could further enhance the expression levels and significantly affect the expression of key enzyme genes of the melatonin synthesis pathway, so as to improve the drought resistance of the strawberry.

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Study on the adaptability of flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87 to the intensity of threshing and redrying

HE Bin, CAI Bin, HU Yong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 102-106. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.016

Abstract （231）

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In order to explore the adaptability of flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87 to threshing intensity and redrying intensity, the experiment was conducted with the middle C3F and upper B2F tobacco leaves of Yunyan 87 as materials, and five threshing intensities and five redrying intensities were set to study their effects on the percentage of large and medium slices, stalk content and sensory quality of tobacco leaves after threshing and redrying. The results showed that with the increasing of threshing intensity, the stalk-containing rate of the middle leaves showed an overall upward trend, and the upper-leaf stalk rate showed an overall trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The highest and lowest stem content of middle leaves were 1.53% and 1.43% respectively, and the highest and lowest stem content of upper leaves were 1.06% and 0.83% respectively; the content of thick stalks in the middle and upper leaves did not change much. With the increasing of threshing intensity in the middle leaves, the ratio of large pieces, fragments and broken pieces decreased, the rate of medium and small pieces showed an overall increasing trend, and the rate of large and medium pieces did not change much. With the increasing of the threshing intensity of the upper leaves, the large and medium flake rates first increased and then decreased, and the medium flake rate, the small flake rate, the fragment rate and the powder rate showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. With the decreasing of the re-baking intensity, the strength of the middle leaves was the highest at the intensity 2; the transparency and the thick feeling showed a decreasing trend; the smoothness, longness, softness and roundness were all the best at the intensity 3. The strength, transparency and thickness of the upper leaves decreased with the reduction of the redrying intensity; the smoothness, longness, softness and roundness were all the best at intensity 3. To sum up, high-strength threshing could effectively reduce the rate of large leaves in the middle leaves, increase the rate of medium leaves, reduce the rate of fragments and powders, and help control the structural indicators of tobacco leaves; the intensity of 2 could satisfy standard requirements for both the large and medium rates of upper leaves. Redrying intensity 3 had the smallest loss of aroma, which was beneficial to reduce miscellaneous air, and the overall sensory quality was better.

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Relationship between transplanting period and yield and quality of fresh and sweet flavor type tobacco of Baoshan City

JI Shun-hua, CHEN Yi-qiang, HUANG Jian-bin, DENG Xiao-hua, LIN Xian-ta, CUI Zhen-wei, LAI Rong-hua, YE Run, ZHANG Yong-an, QI Ling-feng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 107-112. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.017

Abstract （127）

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In order to study the relationship between transplanting period and yield and quality of sweet flavor style tobacco, an experiment on the relationship between yield and quality of Yunyan 116 variety and different transplanting periods was carried out in Baoshan City, Yunnan Province from 2018 to 2020. The field growth, economic traits and field diseases of tobacco plants were compared, and the appearance quality, sensory quality and conventional chemical composition of test samples were compared and analyzed. The results showed that early transplanting could improve the sensory style characteristics, aroma characteristics, smoke characteristics, and taste characteristics of fresh and sweet flavor type tobacco of Baoshan City. However, if transplanted too early or too late, there would be a significant increase in field diseases, a decrease in the growth of tobacco plants in the field, and a decrease in economic benefits, and the sensory quality significantly decreased after transplanting too late. Considering the comprehensive yield and quality, it was advisable to transplant from April 27th to May 4th in the tobacco district of Baoshan City.

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Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth and selenium accumulation of peach seedlings

SHU Jun-jiang, BAO Rong-fen, HUANG Ke-wen, LIU Lei, HUANG Yan, LIN Li-jin, WANG Ting

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 113-119. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.018

Abstract （139）

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The effects of four arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae, Acaulospora delicata, Paraglomus occultum and Glomus etunicatum on growth and selenium accumulation of peach [Prunus persica （L.） Batsch] seedlings were studied by a pot experiment. The results showed that application of Acaulospora delicata increased the biomass of peach seedlings, promoted the growth of peach seedlings, and increased the biomass of the root and aboveground parts of peach seedlings by 11.28% and 9.18%, respectively, compared with no application. It also increased the content of photosynthetic pigments, peroxidase activity and catalase activity to a certain extent. Application of Glomus mosseae, Paraglomus occultum and Glomus etunicatum decreased the biomass, photosynthetic pigment content and antioxidant enzyme activity of peach seedlings or had no significant effects on them. Application of Acaulospora delicata also increased the total selenium content and organic selenium content in peach seedlings to a certain extent, and the total selenium content and organic selenium content in shoots increased by 8.01% and 9.34%, respectively, compared with no application. Application of Glomus mosseae, Paraglomus occultum and Glomus etunicatum decreased the total selenium and organic selenium contents in peach seedlings or had no significant effects on them.

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Analysis of the mechanism of walnut therapy for hyperuricemia based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology

XU Dong-yue, ZHAO Sheng-lan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 120-126. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.019

Abstract （174）

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Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking, the mechanism of action of Juglans regia L. in the treatment of Hyperuricemia （HUA） was analyzed, and the Traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform （TCMSP） was used to predict the target of active components in walnut. OMIM, GeneCards and DrugBank databases were used to search for HUA disease targets. Cytoscape 3.7.2 software was used for target-active ingredient-disease network mapping, and Metascape platform was used for enrichment analysis. Molecular docking was performed using AutoDockTools 1.5.6 software to verify the binding degree of active ingredients and important targets. The results showed that 5 active compounds of walnut were selected, and 16 common targets of walnut and HUA were identified. The highly enriched signaling pathways include cancer signaling pathway, chemical carcinogenic-receptor activation signaling pathway, advanced glycation endproducts receptor for advanced glycation end products signaling pathway in diabetic complications, and Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpes virus signaling pathway. The molecular docking test showed that the main active compounds in the walnut were closely bound to important targets.

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Analysis of spatial differentiation and influencing factors of key villages in Zhejiang Province： Based on three types of national villages

CHU Xiang-zhai, YAN Xue-xin, SHENG Fu-bin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 127-132. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.020

Abstract （121）

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The spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of national forest villages, traditional Chinese villages and national key rural tourism villages in Zhejiang Province were analyzed by using mathematical statistics, nearest neighbor index, kernel density analysis and geographic detector, and then the development path of village advantage excavation and diversification was put forward. The results showed that the national forest villages and traditional Chinese villages were concentrated in the middle and south of Zhejiang Province, while the national key rural tourism villages were located in the north and east of Zhejiang Province. Compared with the cultural landscape, the national key rural tourism villages in Zhejiang Province were dominated by natural scenery, and the ecological advantages of the villages were more easily transformed into tourism development advantages. Both national forest villages and Chinese traditional villages were characterized by agglomeration in distribution, and the spatial patterns were agglomeration axial extension and small-scale point-like agglomeration, respectively; the driving factors and influence of the spatial distribution of villages were different. The distribution of national key villages of rural tourism had the strongest correlation with economic factors, and the influence of natural factors on the distribution of national forest villages was more significant. Each factor had a strong explanatory power for the distribution of traditional Chinese villages.

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Comparison of anesthetic effect of MS-222 and eugenol on Xenocypris davidi

CHEN Jun-ping, WU Hui-hui, SHEN Fang-fang, ZHANG Jia-xin, YU Ruo-meng, FU Yong-jie, ZHAO Dao-quan, XIE Guo-qiang, SUN Wen-xi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 133-139. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.021

Abstract （134）

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In order to study the anesthesia effect of MS-222 and eugenol on Xenocypris davidi, the Xenocypris davidi with a body weight of （20.10±1.28） g was selected and the anesthesia effect of the Xenocypris davidi was observed under different conditions. The results showed that with the increase of the concentrations of the two anesthetics, the time spent in anesthesia for Xenocypris davidi showed a decreasing trend, the recovery time of the MS-222 group was shortened, and the recovery time of eugenol was prolonged. When the mass concentration of MS-222 was 120 mg/L, or the mass concentration of eugenol was 30~60 mg/L, the Xenocypris davidi could be anesthetized within 3 minutes and resuscitated within 5 minutes. With the increase of the concentration of the two anesthetics, the respiratory rate of the experimental fish first increased and then decreased. Under the condition of the same mass concentration of the two anesthetics, with the continuous increase of the water temperature, the anesthesia time of the Xenocypris davidi showed a decreasing trend. And the recovery time of the eugenol treatment group continued to shorten, while the recovery time after MS-222 anesthesia was not significantly different at 10~20 ℃, and was significantly prolonged at 25 ℃（P<0.05）. After anesthesia, with the increase of exposure time in the air, the resuscitation time of the MS-222 group showed a continuously prolonged trend, and the resuscitation time of the eugenol group was shortened at 4 minutes, and then continued to prolong. The MS-222 of 120 mg/L and eugenol of 30~60 mg/L had good anesthesia effect on Xenocypris davidi, and both could be used as ideal anesthetics for Xenocypris davidi.

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Effects of environment on the artificial breeding of Charybdis feriatus and the growth of juvenile crab

ZOU Xiong, YANG Ming-qiu, PU Li-yun, LU Jian-xue, XIA Lian-jun, LIU Xin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 140-143. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.022

Abstract （267）

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The impact of the current aquaculture environment on the artificial reproduction and juvenile crab growth of Charybdis feriatus was studied, and the breeding density test, bait test and shelter test were conducted. The results showed that, ①the weight of Charybdis feriatus juvenile crab in each stage increased first and then decreased with the increase of breeding density. In the second stage, the weight of D2 group juvenile crab was the largest, indicating that the breeding density of 150 per square meter could ensure the normal development of juvenile crab weight; ②The biological feed feeding group had the lowest body weight of Charybdis feriatus juvenile crab, while the mixed feed feeding group had the highest body weight of Charybdis feriatus juvenile crab. The biological feed feeding group had the lowest shell width and length, and the survival rate of Charybdis feriatus juvenile crab was inversely proportional to the incubation period of the juvenile crab; ③There was a significant difference in the body weight of Charybdis feriatus juvenile crab between different shading test groups. The S1 and S3 groups of Charybdis feriatus juvenile crab had higher body weight values. Under the condition of no shelter, the body weight value of the Charybdis feriatus was the lowest.

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Study on the relationship between shrinkage rate and conventional physical indexes of tobacco based on redundancy analysis

YANG Yang, YANG Ting, YANG Yu-bo, REN Ming-chao, ZHANG Jin, GONG Shuang, YANG Sheng-gang, WU You-xiang, WANG Jian-min

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 144-148. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.023

Abstract （131）

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In order to explore the relationship between shrinkage rate of tobacco and traditional physical indicators, the leaf density, leaf thickness, equilibrium moisture content, smoldering time, tensile strength and shrinkage rate of 15 kinds of tobacco were measured, and the measurement results were analyzed by means of variance analysis, simple correlation analysis and redundancy analysis. The results showed that the producing area and position of tobacco leaf had significant effects on the shrinkage rate of tobacco, but the position had a greater effect; the shrinkage rate decreased with the decrease of position, and the range of reduction varied with different producing areas. There was a strong correlation between shrinkage rate and leaf density and leaf thickness. In addition, shrinkage rate raised with the increase of leaf density and leaf thickness. When studying the system composed of qualitative variables such as tobacco producing area and position and quantitative variables which were mainly composed of various physical and chemical indicators, redundancy analysis was a suitable method. It could not only analyze the impact of qualitative variables on quantitative variables, but also explore the correlation between quantitative variables based on the relationship between quantitative variables and qualitative variables, so as to understand the relationship between indicators in essence.

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Effects of ultrasonic cleaning on quality of live Patinopecten yessoensis

LI Xin, PAN Lan-lan, ZHANG Yuan, QU Min, ZHAO Chen-ran, LI Tian-yu, LUAN Xin-tong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 149-154. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.024

Abstract （116）

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The ultrasonic cleaning tests were carried out at three times （0, 5 and 10 min）, the change law of the water index and quality index of Patinopecten yessoensis was analyzed, the best cleaning time of Patinopecten yessoensis was determined, and the circulation and transportation of three groups scallops under modified atmosphere packaging （80%O₂,20%N₂） were simulated to analyze the effects of different cleaning time on the circulation quality of live Patinopecten yessoensis. The results showed that the survival rate of three groups of Patinopecten yessoensis was 100%, and there was no significant effect on texture and glycogen. Ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min had the highest impurity removal rate of 4.02% and the least total number of colonies of 1.1×10⁵ CFU/mL, water quality got worse after cleaning. Under different cleaning time, the colony number of Patinopecten yessoensis in the simulated transportation process showed an upward trend with the extension of cleaning time. The colony in Patinopecten yessoensis after ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min increased slowly with the extension of transportation time. Ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min was an ideal cleaning time, and the quality of Patinopecten yessoensis remained good.

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Design and process test of microwave cracking equipment

LUO Wen-jie, ZHANG Jia-xi, LI Hua, LIU Na, WANG Yan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 155-159. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.025

Abstract （122）

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In order to improve the recycling of agricultural waste, agricultural equipment for the recycling of cracked and carbonized waste crops was designed. The maximum microwave power of the equipment was 3.6 kW, and the frequency was 2.45 GHz, which was commonly used in industry. The diameter of the cracking chamber was 120 mm, and the height was 700 mm. HFSS was used to simulate the electric field in the cracking chamber, and the electric field distribution in the cracking chamber was relatively uniform. The three factors and three levels interactive technological test was designed. Taking cracking chamber diameter size, microwave power and cracking temperature as the test factors, the primary and secondary test factors could be determined as cracking chamber diameter size>microwave power>cracking temperature through the test. Through the Design-Export optimization, the optimal test scheme was microwave cracking chamber diameter of 81.84 mm, microwave power of 1.95 kW, and cracking temperature of 325.51 ℃, and the carbon yield was 30.16%. After test verification, the carbon yield of the cotton stalk was 29.87%, which was slightly different from the software optimization value, so the equipment met the design requirements.

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Study on ultrasonic-assisted extraction process, antioxidant activity and stability of polysaccharides from black quinoa

YANG Min, XI Jun-wei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 160-166. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.026

Abstract （104）

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The Response Surface Methodology was used to optimize the extraction process of polysaccharides from black quinoa by ultrasonic-assisted extraction. The antioxidant activity of the polysaccharides from black quinoa was determined by DPPH radical scavenging rate, ABTS⁺ scavenging rate, total antioxidant capacity and hydroxyl radical scavenging rate. The effects of temperature and pH on the stability of the antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from black quinoa were investigated. The results showed that the optimum extraction condition of the polysaccharides from black quinoa was ultrasonic extraction time of 30 min, ultrasonic extraction temperature of 60 ℃, and solid-liquid ratio of 1∶9 g/mL. The extraction rate of polysaccharides from black quinoa was 9.829 4%. The antioxidant activity of polysaccharides was determined by four methods, it showed that the higher the purity of the polysaccharide, the stronger the antioxidant activity. The stability of the antioxidant activity of the black quinoa polysaccharide changed significantly under the influence of temperature. The higher the temperature, the longer the heating time, and the lower the stability. The antioxidative stability was better under neutral or partial acid conditions. In conclusion, the black quinoa polysaccharide had significant antioxidant activity, and its stability was affected by temperature and pH.

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Research on the optimization of the extraction process and antioxidant activity of total flavonoids from Pileostegia tomentella by response surface methodology

LI Qiang, ZHOU Ying, LU Sen-hua

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 167-174. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.027

Abstract （140）

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Using a single factor experiment to determine the ultrasonic extraction of total flavonoids from Pileostegia tomentella,three-level Box-Behnken response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction process with three factors of extraction temperature, ethanol volume fraction, and solid-liquid ratio, and the scavenging rate of DPPH free radicals and reducing ability were calculated. The results showed that the condition for the optimal extraction process of total flavonoids from Pileostegia tomentella was extraction temperature of 49 ℃, ethanol volume fraction of 46%, and solid-liquid ratio of 1∶66 g/mL. The total flavonoids yield from Pileostegia tomentella under the condition was 27.01 mg/g. There were significant differences in the total flavonoids content of Pileostegia tomentella in different origins. In the measured mass concentration, the total flavonoids from Pileostegia tomentella had a good scavenging ability to DPPH free radicals, and its reducing ability increased with the increase of total flavonoids concentration. The extraction process of the total flavonoids from Pileostegia tomentella was stable, the operation was simple, and the methodology was good, which could be used for its large-scale industrial production.

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Influence and application research of ambient temperature and humidity in primary processing on tobacco moisture content between key processes

TANG Jun, ZHOU Bing, YI Bin, LI Chao, LIN Wen-qiang, CAI Bo, TANG Li, TAN Guo-zhi, HE Bang-hua

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 175-181. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.028

Abstract （134）

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In order to reveal the influence of ambient temperature and humidity on the processing quality, the influence and application of ambient temperature and humidity in primary processing on tobacco moisture content between key processes were systematically studied. The results showed that the indoor ambient temperature of primary processing was significantly higher than the outdoor ambient temperature, and there was a strong positive correlation between them; the closer to the outside, the outdoor ambient temperature and humidity were more affected by the indoor ambient temperature and humidity. Under the conditions of the primary processing, the ambient humidity had a strong negative correlation with the tobacco moisture content between loosening and conditioning process and tobacco casing process, and the correlation coefficient was -0.705 3; the ambient temperature had a strong positive correlation with the tobacco moisture content between tobacco casing process and drying process of cut tobacco, and the correlation coefficient was 0.831 4; the influence of ambient temperature and humidity on the tobacco moisture content between drying process and cooling process of cut tobacco could be ignored. Based on the variation factors of ambient temperature and humidity of the primary processing, the reasonable optimization design of the technical standard of the primary processing could effectively improve the stability of processing quality, which would have important practical significance in improving the stability of cigarette processing quality and product quality.

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High resolution image farmland extraction based on RMAU-Net network model

YUAN Peng, WANG Ke, XIAO Jian

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 182-188. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.029

Abstract （135）

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In order to solve the problem that the traditional full convolutional neural network could not achieve accurate extraction of cultivated land from high-resolution image, this study used the high-resolution 2 remote sensing satellite imagery as the data source, and used the improved U-Net network model （RMAU-Net network model） that integrated residual structure and multiple attention mechanisms to extract the cultivated land in the study area. The RMAU-Net network model was trained by using cultivated land samples, and cultivated land was extracted from the test set images using the trained network model. In order to verify the effect of RMAU-Net network model in extracting cultivated land, three traditional full Convolutional neural network models, DeeplabV3+, PSPNet and U-Net, were selected for comparative analysis with RMAU-Net network model. The results showed that the accuracy, recall, Intersection over Union, and F1 score of the RMAU-Net network model extraction were 90.36%, 90.78%, 82.57%, and 90.57%, respectively. Compared with DeepLabv3+, PSPNet, and U-Net network models, the RMAU-Net network model performed the best. RMAU-Net network model provided new ideas and methods for precise extraction of cultivated land, and provided basic data support for practical applications such as crop area monitoring and yield estimation.

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Risk assessment of urban flood disasters based on multi-source spatial data——Taking Linfen City, Shanxi Province as an example

XUN Jia-chang, NIE Cong, XU Dong, FANG He

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 189-196. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.030

Abstract （121）

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Based on the theory of natural disaster risk, combined with multi-source spatial data （remote sensing data, reanalysis data, socio-economic data）, the risk of disaster causing factors, the sensitivity of disaster-pregnant environment, and the ability to prevent and reduce disasters of flood and waterlogging disasters in Linfen City, Shanxi Province were evaluated. Taking into account the actual situation of Linfen City, 15 evaluation indicators were finally selected, and the weighted comprehensive index method was used for quantitative analysis, a comprehensive risk assessment model for flood disasters was built, and the distribution of flood risks was explored. The results indicated that the risk distribution of disaster causing factors was higher in the eastern and western regions than in the central region, and the overall trend was higher in the eastern region than in the western region; plains and basins with low terrain and small slopes were prone to flood influx, resulting in higher sensitivity to disaster environments. Regions such as mountainous and hilly areas generally had lower sensitivity to disaster environments; high urbanization level and densely populated areas had strong disaster prevention and reduction capabilities, while natural areas such as river valleys and mountains had overall weak disaster prevention and reduction capabilities; the overall distribution of comprehensive risk of flood and waterlogging disasters was gradually increasing from the west to the east, which was reflected in the high risk of river valleys, plains and basins with low economic level, heavy rainfall and large runoff. More than 50% of Linfen City was facing the risk of flood and waterlogging disasters. In general, the flood disaster had a great impact on the social, economic and ecological development of Linfen City.

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Target counting method of grain particle images based on Euler numbers

KANG Shi-ying, YAO Bin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 197-201. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.031

Abstract （122）

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In order to solve the problems of time-consuming and low accuracy in manual counting during the process of grain breeding, a method of counting using computer processing of grain particle images was proposed. Firstly, the collected grain particle images was binarized to separate the background and target regions in the image; then morphological operations, object segmentation, and other preprocessing on the image were performed to minimize the phenomenon of grain particle adhesion in the image; in the final counting link, in order to improve the counting speed, based on the important feature that the grain particle images had no holes after preprocessing, the image Euler numbers algorithm was used to replace the traditional connected domain marking algorithm to achieve the counting work.The results showed that the counting result of the image Euler numbers algorithm was completely consistent with that of the traditional connected domain labeling algorithm, but the counting speed of the image Euler numbers algorithm was obviously better than that of the traditional connected domain labeling algorithm.

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Construction and operational strategy of order agricultural system based on blockchain technology——Taking Ningxiang pig in Ningxiang County, Changsha City as an example

ZHAO Hao-jian, ZHANG Huan-chun, LIU Ning, GUO Dui-tian, LI Shu-ping, ZHANG Li-li, ZOU Xiao-yu, YANG Jian-chao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 202-206. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.032

Abstract （118）

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Taking the Ningxiang pig order agriculture project in Ningxiang County, Changsha City as an example, this paper introduced the concept, characteristics, advantages, and development process of order agriculture, analyzed the integrity and information opacity issues faced by China’s order agriculture, and proposed the concept of an agricultural industry SaaS service platform based on blockchain technology, as well as the organizational structure and operational strategy of the platform. The actual investment effect of the blockchain order agriculture SaaS platform was showcased, including increasing market volume, reducing costs, increasing revenue, and achieving financing.Blockchain technology could provide data security, traceability, integrity, regulation, and other guarantees for order agriculture, promote the healthy development of order agriculture, and create a new situation of balanced agricultural supply and demand, green and high efficiency, affluent farmers, food safety, and reasonable prices.

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Citrus huanglongbing plant monitoring model based on UAV low altitude hyperspectral remote sensing imaging

LI Min, QIN Ze-lin, LAN Zong-bao, FANG Hui, YU Sheng-xin, MO Xiao-xiang, XIE Guo-xue, ZENG Zhi-kang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 207-212. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.033

Abstract （138）

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Taking the citrus （Citrus reticulata Blanco） in Jiujian Village, Pingshan Town, Luzhai County, Liuzhou, Guangxi as the research object, the citrus huanglongbing （HLB） plants were identified through the ground manual measurement, and the hyperspectral imaging of the calibrated citrus planting plot was obtained by cooperating with UAV low altitude remote sensing; the average spectra of the regions of interest （ROI） in the canopy of healthy citrus plants and HLB plants were calculated, and outlier removal, smooth denoising, and spectral transformation on the initial spectra were performed to obtain the original spectra, first-order differential spectra （FDR）, and second-order differential spectra （SDR）;after dimensionality reduction using principal component analysis, a support vector machine （SVM） classification model was constructed. The results showed that by selecting feature bands ranging from 400 to 1 000 nm and using ArcGIS software to extract sample average spectra, the classification accuracy of the training and testing sets of the full band first order differential spectra reached 87.41% and 84.67%, respectively. The SVM classification model parameters were C=35.39 γ= 0.01;using ENVI software to extract the average spectrum of samples, the classification accuracy of the training and testing sets for the full band first-order differential spectrum reached 92.39% and 96.43%, respectively. The SVM classification model parameters were C=5.06 γ=1.02. UAV low altitude remote sensing and hyperspectral monitoring of citrus HLB was feasible, which could quickly identify HLB plants in citrus plantations.

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Research on the effect and promotion strategy of scientific and technological innovation in promoting urbanization construction

XIE Xin-yue, WANG Lei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 213-222. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.034

Abstract （87）

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Based on the construction of the evaluation index system of scientific and technological innovation and urbanization level, the entropy weight method was used to calculate the level of scientific and technological innovation and urbanization in Changzhou City from 2009 to 2020, and the driving effect of scientific and technological innovation on urbanization construction was analyzed by the multiple linear regression model. The results showed that the scientific and technological innovation ability and urbanization level in Changzhou City had been greatly improved and were in a stable upward trend. Three indicators of scientific and technological innovation ,namely, the resources allocation of scientific and technological innovation, output of scientific and technological innovation and financial input of scientific and technological innovation all had a positive role in promoting the level of urbanization. Accordingly, some measures of strengthening the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, designing innovation driven strategies according to local conditions, and managing high-level talents in an all-round way were put forward, so as to realize the improvement of the level of scientific and technological innovation in promoting urbanization construction.

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Study on the analysis of the coordinated development trend of provincial and regional economy-ecological environment- tourism industry and obstacle degree

MIAO Xin-ping, XIE Xue-mei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 223-230. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.035

Abstract （101）

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Based on the perspective of system science, the temporal and spatial evolution, spatial agglomeration and obstacle factors of the coordinated development of 31 provinces （cities） in China were explored by constructing the evaluation index system of regional economy-ecological environment-tourism industry, and using coupling coordination model, cold and hot spot analysis and obstacle degree model. The results showed that the evaluation value of China’s regional economy, ecological environment and tourism industry was constantly rising, and the tourism industry and regional economic development were fast and had a high correlation. From the perspective of time, the level of coordinated development of all provinces fluctuated and increased, and the coordination level gradually improved, but the development speed of different provinces was quite different; from a spatial point of view, the level of coordinated development was roughly reduced in steps from east to west, except for a few provinces on the eastern coast whose dominant type was regional economy, the rest of the provinces were ecological environment, while the lagging type was roughly manifested as lagging tourism. The hot spots of coordinated development were mainly concentrated in the eastern coastal provinces, and the cold spots were mainly concentrated in the northwest. The cold spots and sub-cold spots were decreasing, and the sub-hotspot areas were increasing in the central provinces. The obstacle degree of regional economy and tourism industry continued to decline slightly, the obstacle degree of ecological environment gradually increased, and the inbound tourism revenue, inbound tourist numbers, regional general budget revenue, urban green space area, and industrial pollution control investment were the five most important obstacle factors.

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Legal risk and system optimization of O2O mode of rural land transfer

YAN Xia-qiu, HE Si-yi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 231-237. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.036

Abstract （116）

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The legal risks of O2O mode of land transfer,such as unclear land ownership confirmation, non-standard land transfer procedures and imperfect supervision and evaluation mechanism were analyzed. It was concluded that improving the legal system of O2O mode of land transfer needed to solve the contradiction between the scale of rural land transfer and the agricultural industrial structure, as well as the contradiction between the convenience of rural land transfer and rural environmental protection. It also proposed that under the guidance of the principle of sustainable development, the legal risks of O2O mode of land transfer should be solved by responding to the profit-oriented nature of e-commerce transactions, improving the system of land ownership confirmation, registration and certification, perfecting e-commerce transaction procedures, innovating the third-party supervision and evaluation mechanism, giving full play to the role of the Internet in activating the land transfer market, improving the efficiency of rural land transfer,and promoting agricultural modernization and farmers’ well-being.

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Research on the evaluation and development of the integration level of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas of Guangdong Province： Based on entropy method and TOPSIS analysis method

YIN Ya-yue, GAO Peng, DUAN He-rong, BAI Fu-chen

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 238-245. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.037

Abstract （107）

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Based on relevant literature, a comprehensive evaluation index system for the integration of rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries in Guangdong Province was constructed from two dimensions of behavior and performance, and the entropy method and TOPSIS analysis method were adopted to make a comprehensive evaluation of the integration level of rural industries in Guangdong Province. The results showed that the integrated development level of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas of Guangdong Province showed a steady upward trend in general, and the comprehensive scores of each secondary subsystem also showed an overall upward trend, and the closeness degree of TOPSIS ideal points increased year by year, which indicated that the significant effect of integration measures of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas of Guangdong Province was remarkable. In order to further promote the integrated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas of Guangdong Province, suggestions were put forward from five dimensions： Comprehensively promoting the prosperity of rural economy, increasing the horizontal and vertical extension of the agricultural industry chain, giving full play to the multi-function of agriculture, promoting the innovative development of agricultural producer services, and building a platform for the integration of innovative industries.

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Digital rural construction empowers rural industry revitalization： Paths, dilemmas and strategies

FU Hui-ya

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 246-250. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.038

Abstract （141）

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Industrial revitalization is the core and key to comprehensively promoting rural revitalization. Digital rural construction in the new era, as the strategic direction of rural revitalization and an important measure of digital China, provides a new development opportunity for rural industrial revitalization. Based on this, an analytical framework for enabling rural industry in digital rural construction was constructed by combining practice and experience, namely, basic enabling, subject enabling, technology enabling and resource enabling. It was concluded that while the construction of the digital countryside effectively promoted the transformation and upgrading of rural industries, it also faced the dilemma of imperfect infrastructure, insufficient digital talents, inadequate technology application and lack of resources. It was necessary to put forward optimization suggestions from the perspectives of capital, policy, technology application direction and industrial development orientation.

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The spatial spillover effect of new urbanization on common prosperity

ZHANG Jie, BAO Xing-yan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (8): 251-257. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.08.039

Abstract （96）

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Based on the panel data of 30 provinces （cities, autonomous regions） in China from 2005 to 2020, the entropy-weight TOPSIS model was used to calculate the common prosperity index and the new urbanization index, and the spatial Dubin model was used to reveal the spatial spillover effect of the new urbanization on common prosperity. The results showed that the common prosperity had obvious spatial aggregation characteristics; the improvement of the new urbanization level could not only promote the process of common prosperity in the region, but also have a positive spillover effect on the common prosperity of neighboring regions. In order to achieve the goal of common prosperity, it was necessary to further promote the high-quality development of new urbanization, improve the market transaction system, deepen regional cooperation, promote factor transfer, and strengthen the positive spatial spillover effect.

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Identification and evaluation of agronomic traits of sweet buckwheat germplasm resources in the Hohhot-Baotou area of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

YIN Chun, GUO Lai-chun, WU Jun-ying, LIU Jin-quan, LU Fu-kuan, LIU Jing-hui

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 1-5. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.001

Abstract （142）

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77 germplasm resources of sweet buckwheat（Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.） were introduced for field identification of agronomic characters, in order to screen excellent germplasm resources suitable for planting in the Hohhot-Baotou area of Inner Mongolia. The results showed that the yield and grain weight per plant had the highest genetic variability, with variation coefficients of 37.1% and 38.5%, respectively. The variation coefficients of the first branch number, grain number per plant, first lateral branch length, stem wall thickness and plant height were relatively high, with variation coefficients of 36.6%, 33.9%, 32.4%, 29.4% and 21.9% respectively. It indicated that these traits had abundant genetic variability. Cluster analysis of 12 agronomic traits showed that 77 sweet buckwheat germplasm resources could be divided into 3 categories, including 21 short-stalk varieties, 34 large-grain and high-yield varieties and 22 high-stalk and lodging-resistant varieties. The traits significantly related to the yield of buckwheat were grain weight per plant, 1 000-grain weight and grain number per plant（P<0.01）. Nine excellent germplasm resources of sweet buckwheat with dwarf, high yield and lodging resistance were screened out, which were suitable for the climatic conditions in the Hohhot-Baotou area of Inner Mongolia.

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Study on the effect and mechanism of strigolactone on seed priming in Brassica napus L.

ZHU Si, DENG Feng-ling, ZHAO Guang, CHAO Hong-bo, LI Chun-sheng, GU Jian-wei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 6-13. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.002

Abstract （118）

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To understand the biological process of Brassica napus L. seed vigor and develop an initiator for seed viability, the priming effects of the strigolactone （GR24） on seed germination in Brassica napus L. under different concentrations were analyzed. The results showed that 10.00 μmol/L GR24 significantly promoted seed germination and seedling growth, and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the accumulation of anti-stress substances in the germinated seeds and seedlings. Gene expression analysis demonstrated that treatment with 10.00 μmol/L GR24 could effectively alleviate the inhibitory impact of ABA and enhance the promoting influence of GA on seed germination and seedling growth by regulating the expression of genes involved in ABA and GA synthesis and signaling pathways.

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Analysis of the synergistic development model of ecosystem service value and social economy in Guangzhou City based on GlobeLand30 data

CHEN Min, LIU Jia-min, QIN Liang-jun, CHEN Yi-yun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 14-19. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.003

Abstract （136）

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Based on the GlobeLand30 surface cover data of Guangzhou City in 2020, the spatial distribution characteristics of the ecosystem service value of various districts in Guangzhou City were analyzed by using the value equivalent method after coefficient correction. An economic-ecosystem service value index （GDP-ESV） based on the integration of social economic data was proposed to analyze the development contradiction between the ecosystem service value and the social economy in each district of Guangzhou City. The results showed that the total value of ecosystem service functions in Guangzhou City in 2020 was 34.8 billion yuan, of which waters and forest land were the main contributors. The value of ecosystem services in Guangzhou City had a significant positive spatial correlation （P<0.05）. The high-value clustering areas were mainly concentrated in the northern woodland area of Conghua District and the Pearl River estuary in the east of Panyu District. The low-value gathering areas were mainly concentrated in the agricultural areas of Conghua District, Zengcheng District and Huadu District. The GDP-ESV index of each district in Guangzhou was quite different. The GDP-ESV indexes of Yuexiu District and Tianhe District were 3 156.36 and 1 882.96, respectively, indicating that there was a serious conflict between the socio-economic development and ecosystem services value in these two districts. These two districts should take into account the actual situation of the area, increase the value of ecosystem services, and strengthen the utilization of urban space. The conflicts between socio-economic development and ecosystem service value in Conghua District and Zengcheng District were the smallest, and the GDP-ESV index was 4.32 and 14.78 respectively. These two districts should properly carry out eco-tourism to promote the preservation and appreciation of the value of ecosystem services.

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Attribution identification of runoff changes of the source region of Danjiang River in the southern Qinling Mountains based on Budyko hypothesis

ZHAO Pei, MA Chen-xi, ZHAO Shi-fa, WANG Zhe

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 20-24. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.004

Abstract （123）

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In order to clarify the main influencing factors of headwater runoff change of the Danjiang River, the variation trend of precipitation and runoff in the source region of Danjiang River from 1974 to 2020 was analyzed by using the elastic coefficient method of Budyko hypothesis, and the contribution of factors affecting runoff change was quantitatively evaluated. The results showed that the rainfall increased in the source region of Danjiang River, while evaporation and runoff decreased, and the evapotranspiration decreased significantly （P<0.05）. The study period was divided into the benchmark period and variable period by the mutation year 1989. The average elastic coefficient of precipitation, potential evaporation and underlying surface parameters for the benchmark and variable period were 1.93, -0.93, -1.37, and 2.43, -1.43, -1.26, respectively. The runoff of the source region of Danjiang River was the most sensitive to precipitation. The contribution rate of potential evapotranspiration was 54.76% from 1974 to 1988, and was enlarged to 68.54% from 1989 to 2020. Evapotranspiration was the main factor affecting the runoff change of the source region of Danjiang River in recent years, and the degree of influence was increasing, while the underlying surface had the smallest impact on runoff.

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Analysis of land use change and its ecological effects in Guizhou Province

LIAO Yan-mei, YIN Lin-jiang, HAN Min, MENG You-bo, LUO Jie-qiong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 25-30. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.005

Abstract （116）

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Based on the land use data of Guizhou Province in 2000, 2010, and 2020, the land use transfer matrix, dynamic degree, ecological environment quality index and ecological contribution rate of land use transformation were used to explore the land use pattern, transformation, and ecological effect in Guizhou Province. The results showed that, from 2000 to 2020, the land use structure in Guizhou Province was mainly composed of forest land, cultivated land and grassland, and land use transformation was frequent. The overall ecological environment quality in Guizhou Province remained stable, showing slight fluctuations. There was a clear agglomeration trend in space, manifesting as low in the northwest and high in the southeast. The overall ecological environment quality index in Guizhou Province showed a downward trend, and the main factors leading to its decline were the transformation of forest land into grassland and cultivated land, grassland into cultivated land, and cultivated land into construction land. In response to issues such as the reduction of cultivated land, forest land and grassland, as well as the decline in ecological environment quality, more reasonable planning for land use in Guizhou Province would be carried out in the future, and stricter ecological environment protection systems would be implemented.

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Study on the spatial and temporal evolution and optimization of cultivated land resources in Kang County

JIANG Chong, ZHANG Qi-cheng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 31-37. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.006

Abstract （134）

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Taking Kang County, Longnan City, Gansu Province as an example, based on land use data from 1985 to 2020, the spatial and temporal change characteristics of cultivated land resources in Kang County were analyzed by using land use transfer matrix, dynamic attitude of cultivated land use and nuclear density analysis, and zoning optimization analysis of cultivated land resources in Kang County was carried out by introducing poly-tillage ratio index and sloping land characteristic index. The results showed that, in general, the cultivated land area and the average slope of Kang County were decreasing year by year, the cultivated land was mainly transferred into forest land, and the land use types converted to cultivated land were mainly construction land and forest land. The total amount of cultivated land resources in the study area with slopes equal to or higher than 15° had decreased the most, the amount of cultivated land decreased significantly between 1995 and 2000, and the overall amount of cultivated land did not change much between 2000 and 2020. The areas with the highest frequency and magnitude of decrease in cultivated land resources were mainly located in the northeastern and central of the study area; the areas with the highest frequency and magnitude of increase in cultivated land resources were mainly located in the southeastern and southwestern of the study area. The areas with a shortage of cultivated land resources were mainly distributed in the north and south of the study area, and the areas with high difficulty in cultivation were mainly distributed in the north and southeast of the study area. Among the coupled cultivated land resource optimization types, the cultivated land restriction area was the most, and the industrial transformation area was the least.

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Climate quality evaluation model of “Xiaochang Xue Peach” and its application of regionalization

WEI Hua-bing, WAN Su-qin, WANG Fang-fang, WANG Hui-liang, SONG Zhe, XIE Jia-xu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 38-43. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.007

Abstract （142）

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Using the quality data of peach （Amygdalus persica Linn.） variety “Xiaochang Xue Peach” from Fengshan Town, Xiaochang County, Hubei Province, and the meteorological data in the same period, the comprehensive contribution of meteorological factors to quality in the critical period and the relationship between climatic quality and fruit quality were analyzed based on literature research and field investigation, the climatic quality evaluation model of “Xiaochang Xue Peach” was constructed, and the model was verified and applied in regionalization. The results showed that the key period of quality formation of “Xiaochang Xue Peach” was from fruit rapid expansion to fruit maturity, and the temperature, light, precipitation and humidity during this period were the main climatic factors affecting its quality. The climate quality indexes were the average temperature, cumulative daily temperature range, sunshine hours in the first three periods of fruit rapid expansion, and the sunshine hours, precipitation and average relative humidity in the first three periods of fruit maturity period. The climate quality index calculated by the model was highly correlated with the fruit comprehensive quality index, and the correlation coefficient was 0.944. The climate quality evaluation results of “Xiaochang Xue Peach” in the main production area from 2011 to 2022 by the model were basically consistent with the comprehensive quality grade of fruits in 11 years, with a proportion of more than 90%. In the division results of the climate quality grade of “Xiaochang Xue Peach” in Xiaochang County in recent 5 years using the model, the area with “excellent” and “super excellent” climate quality in 4 years exceeded 85%.

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The variation characteristics of soil nutrient, enzyme activity and microbial count under different vegetation types of Heihe wetland

PENG Yi-nan, QI Hong-shan, PEI Yan-li, XI Peng, JI Bin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 44-50. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.008

Abstract （125）

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To provide a scientific basis for improving the restoration strategy of the Heihe wetlands, the effectiveness of planting different vegetation on the restoration of wetland ecosystems was studied. In 2016, a vegetation restoration project was carried out to plant 2-year-old Elaeagnus angustifolia, Tamarix chinensis and Populus euphratica respectively in the west of the Red Army Memorial Forest on the northern bank of the Heihe, and the rhizosphere soil of each vegetation was collected in December 2020, while the natural restoration without vegetation was used as a control to study the differences and correlations of soil nutrients, enzyme activities and microbial quantity among planting different vegetations. The results showed that vegetation restoration improved the ecological environment and alleviated the salinization of Heihe wetland; planting Elaeagnus angustifolia had the most significant effect on reducing soil salinity, and increasing the content of soil organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen; planting Populus euphratica had the most significant effect on increasing the content of available phosphorus and available potassium, as well as the activity of urease and alkaline phosphatase in soil; planting Tamarix chinensis had the most significant effect on increasing the total soil microbial quantity; there was a close correlation between soil nutrients content, enzyme activity and microbial quantity. In total, the vegetation restoration project reduced soil salinity in the wetland, and increased the nutrients content, enzyme activity and microbial quantity of soil, and the vegetation restoration was effective for ecosystem restoration in the Heihe wetland.

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Study on phosphate-solubilizing ability of a high efficiency phosphate-solubilizing bacterium in rhizosphere of Parashorea chinensis Wang Hsie.

TIAN Xiang, HAN Xiao-mei, HUANG Ping-sheng, LI Wan-nian, YANG Qin-chao, YANG Mei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 51-56. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.009

Abstract （102）

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A highly efficient inorganic phosphorus degrading bacterium P4 （Burkholderia cepacia） from the rhizosphere soil of the Parashorea chinensis Wang Hsie. in Nanning Arboretum in Guangxi was used as the research material, the dynamic changes of phosphate-solubilizing ability and pH of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria P4 within 168 h were studied, and the phosphate-solubilizing ability of phosphorus bacteria P4 under different temperature, pH, carbon source, nitrogen source, C/N and NaCl concentration was compared, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development and application of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms in microbial fertilizer production. The results showed that, within 168 h of culture, the content of available phosphorus in the culture medium of strain P4 increased first and then decreased, while the pH of the culture medium decreased first and then increased. At 120 h of culture, the content of available phosphorus in the culture medium was the highest, which was 552.87 mg/L, and the pH of the culture medium was the lowest. Correlation analysis showed that there was a highly significant negative correlation between the amount of phosphorus dissolved by strain P4 and the pH of the culture medium. The strain P4 had the best effect of hydrolyzing inorganic phosphorus and grew well when the temperature was 30 ℃, pH was 6.5, carbon source was lactose, nitrogen source was ammonium oxalate, C/N was 20∶1 and NaCl concentration was 0.5%. It had great potential in the follow-up development of microbial fertilizer.

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The influence of different weather conditions on aquaculture water temperature in Ezhou City

HONG Tao, WANG Bao, LIU Ke-qun, TANG Yang, JIANG Run, WANG Xiao-fang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 57-63. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.010

Abstract （135）

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In order to study the impact of different weather conditions on the water temperature of aquaculture, daily and hourly meteorological observation data from the Dushan Town Automatic Meteorological Station and the Ezhou National Meteorological Station in Ezhou City, as well as hourly water temperature observation data from different water layers at the Wuchang Fish Original Farm （Dushan） Base in Dushan Town were used. The changes in water temperature in fishing ponds under four weather conditions： sunny, cloudy to less cloudy, low light, and rainy to statistically analyze. The results showed that the trend of water temperature changes in different water layers of the fishing pond was the same, with the lowest daily water temperature generally appearing from 7：00 to 8：00, and the highest daily water temperature generally appearing from 16：00 to 20：00. The deeper the water layer, the later the highest and lowest water temperatures occurred. The diurnal difference in water temperature was the highest on sunny days, with the highest difference in water temperature among layers. On rainy days, the diurnal difference in water temperature was the lowest, and the difference in water temperature among layers was also the smallest. Under various weather conditions, the amplitude of water temperature change was smaller than that of temperature. The response of the lowest water temperature to temperature lagged by 1~2 hours, while the response of the highest water temperature to temperature lagged by 1~5 hours. The hysteresis effect of water temperature was more obvious under high temperature weather conditions. As the wind speed increased, the water temperature difference in each layer increased, and the maximum value of wind speed appeared earlier than the maximum value of water temperature. PCA double sequence analysis showed that temperature and wind speed from 13：00 to 17：00 could be important parameters for predicting shallow water temperature （30, 50 cm）.

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Effect of rice-crab symbiosis on disease and weeds in paddy field and rice yield

LI Wei-jing, WANG Hong-yuan, ZHANG Yi-bin, XU Yang, LI Hao, LIU Hong-bin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 64-69. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.011

Abstract （136）

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In order to clarify the effect of rice-crab symbiosis on the prevention and control of field diseases and weeds, three treatments： Rice monocropping continuous flooding mode （RM-F）, rice monocropping drying mode （RM-D） and rice-crab symbiosis mode （RC） were set up through micro-area experiments, and the occurrence of major weeds and rice blast in micro-areas and rice yield were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that the rice-crab symbiosis mode could basically control the harm of weeds, effectively control the occurrence of spirogyra, and significantly inhibit the occurrence of rice blast compared with the rice mono-cropping mode. The incidence of leaf blast decreased by 14.8 percentage points on average, the incidence of panicle neck blast decreased by 7.2 percentage points on average, and the rice yield decreased but the difference was not significant. Rice monocropping with drying model compared with continuous flooding model, the number of Schoenoplectus triqueter （L.） Palla and the incidence of rice blast were significantly increased, the incidence of leaf blast was significantly increased by 8.3 percentage points, the incidence of panicle neck blast was significantly increased by 4.5 percentage points, and the yield of rice had a tendency to decrease.

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Laboratory toxicity test of different biological pesticides against to the 3rd instar larvae of Agriophara rhombata

LONG Li-xue, GONG Xue-na, WANG Xue-song, LUO Zi-wen, YU Xiang-shuai, LI Xiao-xia, LONG Ya-qin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 70-73. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.012

Abstract （111）

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In order to explore biopesticides suitable for controlling tea grain moth （Agriophara rhombata Meyr.）, the leaf dipping method was used. Five biological pesticides, Empedobacter brevis, Bacillus thuringiensis, AcNPV·Bt, HearNPV and Spodoptera exigua nucleopolyhedrovirus were used to detect the toxicity of the 3rd instar larvae of tea cereal moth in the laboratory. The dead numbers of caterpillars after 24, 48, 72, 96 h were counted separately. The death rate, the revised death rate, LC₅₀, the toxicity regression equations, the correlation coefficient and the 95% confidence interval were calculated under different treatments. The results showed that the five biological pesticides had toxic effects on the third instar larvae of the tea grain moth, and the virulence of that under 500 times liquid treatment between 72 h and 96 h showed AcNPV·Bt> Bacillus thuringiensis >HearNPV> Empedobacter >Spodoptera exigua nucleopolyhedrovirus brevis. Bacillus thuringiensis, AcNPV·Bt and HearNPV were recommended as the first-choice agents for the next field efficacy verification.

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Inhibitory effects of cinnamon essential oil and turmeric oil against four plant pathogens

GAO Fu-tao, SUN Shu-jun, YOU Xiu-feng, DOU Tao, CAI Yu-biao, ZHOU Lin, LIU Xiang-yang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 74-77. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.013

Abstract （140）

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To study the inhibitory effects of cinnamon oil and turmeric oil on Phytophthora vignae, Rhizoctonia cerealis, Magnaporthe oryzae and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum, the antifungal activities of cinnamon essential oil and turmeric oil were determined by the mycelial growth rate method, and the median effective concentrations （EC₅₀） of the corresponding two essential oils against each pathogen were calculated. The results showed that cinnamon essential oil and turmeric oil had different inhibitory effects on four plant pathogenic fungi, among which the EC₅₀ of cinnamon essential oil on Phytophthora vignae, Rhizoctonia cerealis, Magnaporthe oryzae and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum were 215.03, 204.90, 199.57, 140.20 μg/mL, respectively. For turmeric oil, the EC₅₀ on Phytophthora vignae, Rhizoctonia cerealis, Magnaporthe oryzae and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum were 1 456.14, 358.07, 366.68, 514.88 μg/mL, respectively. Cinnamon essential oil showed higher antifungal activity.

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Effects of silicon salt on the growth and development of tissue cultured seedlings of Dendrobium vietnamense

WANG Yi-qin, SUN Bo, HE Ling, SHI Kai-hui, HUANG Xin, WANG Dong-mei, CHEN Yu, ZANG Rui, HE Feng-mei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 78-80. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.014

Abstract （128）

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Using Dendrobium vietnamense as plant material and calcium silicate as the exogenous additive, the calcium silicate concentration that was most suitable for adding to protocorm induction medium and strong seedling rooting medium of Dendrobium vietnamense was selected. The results showed that the most suitable calcium silicate concentration added to the protocorm induction medium of Dendrobium vietnamense was 0.2 g/L, and the protocorm induction rate was 71.43%; the best anti-browning effect of tissue culture seedlings of Dendrobium vietnamense could be obtained when the calcium silicate concentration was 0.5 g/L; the optimum calcium silicate concentration for plant height growth was 0.4 g/L; the calcium silicate concentration with the largest number of branches was 0.3 g/L; the concentration of calcium silicate with the largest number of leaves was 0.3 g/L; when the concentration of calcium silicate was 0.3~0.5 g/L, the rooting effect of Dendrobium vietnamense was better.

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Current situation and suggestions of protected vegetable planting in Hubei Province

WANG Yu-hang, LI Di, TAN Qi-ling, HU Cheng-xiao, SUN Xue-cheng, WANG Xiao-ping, BIE Zhi-long

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 81-87. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.015

Abstract （130）

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In order to understand the current situation and problems of soil fertility and fertilization in the cultivated vegetable areas in Hubei Province, the data of cultivated vegetable fertilization in 5 representative areas in Hubei Province were analyzed. The results showed that 85.54% of farmers applied organic fertilizer to each crop, mainly chicken manure （including undecomposed） and commercial organic fertilizer, accounting for 39.34% and 46.95% of organic fertilizer types respectively. Jingmen City, Xianning City and Wuhan City far exceeded the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs recommended the upper limit of organic fertilizer application for vegetable commodities in facilities by 497.62%, 186.14% and 109.97%, respectively, while Yichang City and Xiangyang City were lower than lower limit by 16.15% and 63.33%, respectively. The level of fertilizer application was Yichang City> Jingmen City> Wuhan City > Xianning City > Xiangyang City. In Hubei Province, the soil organic matter content was 13.46~44.46 g/kg, the soil pH was 4.84~7.54, the soil salt content was 1.02~3.56 g/kg, and some soil was acidic salinization. Soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium contents were 48.89~168.47 mg/kg and 110.00~579.22 mg/kg, respectively, with low, medium and high levels. Soil was rich in available phosphorus, available zinc, exchangeable calcium and magnesium. The available copper content in soil was extremely lacking. In Hubei Province, there were some problems in vegetable fertilization, such as excessive fertilizer input, nutrient imbalance, incomplete decomposition of organic farm fertilizer, insufficient application of medium and trace elements fertilizer, and improper fertilization methods. It was suggested to solve the above problems by improving the way of fertilization, applying organic fertilizer reasonably, reducing the amount of fertilizer applied, adjusting the proportion of fertilizer applied, paying attention to the input of medium and trace elements, and developing and promoting special fertilizer for vegetables.

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Study on rolling technology of Dianhong Congou black tea

PENG Gong-ming, YUAN Sai-yan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 88-92. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.016

Abstract （127）

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Dianhong Congou black tea is processed through processes such as withering, rolling, fermentation and drying. Rolling plays a crucial role in the quality formation of Dianhong Congou black tea. The effects of different rolling conditions on the quality of Dianhong Congou black tea were studied and suitable rolling process parameters were obtained; firstly, it was necessary to increase the tea sliver rate during the rolling as much as possible and reduce the breaking rate, control the breaking rate between 3% and 5%, and ensure that the tea sliver rate was above 90%; secondly, 6CR-65 and 6CR-55 kneading machines were suitable for the kneading techniques of Dianhong Congou black tea. The pressure should be applied in a “light to heavy to light” manner, with a rotational speed of 46~50 r/min, a leaf amount of about 20 kg, and a kneading time of 60~75 minutes.

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Effects of Radix Asparagi interplanting in oil tea forest on soil

KANG Hong-xia, PAN Gao-an, LIU Yin, XIAO Geng-yun, LI Fu-shen, WANG Jing-song, WU Guo-wen

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 93-96. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.017

Abstract （136）

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In order to understand the effects of interplanting Radix Asparagi in the oil tea forest on soil, the changes of soil water content, bulk density, nutrients, respiratory intensity and enzyme activity were analyzed. The results showed that the soil moisture content and respiration intensity of forest soil were significantly reduced by the interplanting of oil tea forest Radix Asparagi. Compared with the control, in 2020, 2021 and 2022, the soil moisture content of forest soil decreased by 4.24, 3.19 and 2.42 percentage points, respectively, and the soil bulk density increased by 3.73%, 2.99% and 2.24%, respectively. Respiratory intensity decreased by 28.29%, 30.32% and 33.81%, respectively. In terms of soil nutrients, the contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium and alkaline hydrolytic nitrogen in the interplanting Radix Asparagi forest soil didn’t change significantly, but the contents of soil organic matter and available potassium decreased significantly. Compared with the control, in 2020, 2021 and 2022, the contents of soil organic matter in the interplanting Radix Asparagi forest soil decreased by 16.81%, 21.61% and 24.81%, respectively. The available potassium content decreased by 28.46%, 33.42% and 35.88%, and the microbial biomass carbon content decreased by 25.23%, 29.59% and 32.15%, respectively. The content of available phosphorus was increased by 28.76%, 33.53% and 37.20%, respectively. In terms of soil enzyme activities, the interplanting of Radix Asparagi had no significant effect on the activities of sucrase and urease, but the activities of catalase and phosphatase were significantly increased. To some extent, the interplanting of Radix Asparagi in the oil tea forest would reduce the soil fertility of forest land, so it was necessary to apply potash fertilizer in the interplanting management in order to obtain better economic benefits.

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Artificial breeding technology of Charybdis feriatus

ZOU Xiong, YANG Ming-qiu, PU Li-yun, LU Jian-xue, XIA Lian-jun, LIU Xin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 97-100. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.018

Abstract （143）

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Taking Charybdis ferriatus as the research object, the developmental stages of Charybdis ferriatus were divided into 7 stages： T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, and M stages for artificial seedling cultivation experiments. The results showed that ① from the average stage survival rate of crab seedlings, the highest survival rate in autumn and spring was in the T1 stage, which was 100%; The lowest survival rate was at the stage of juvenile development, which was 42.5%; the second lowest survial rate was at the large eye larva stage, accounting for 51.1%. During the breeding process of Charybdis pumila, the T6 stage metamorphosis to the large eye larva and the large eye larva metamorphocis to the I stage juvenile crab were the most important stages. ②The overall survival rate of the crab seedlings from the rust spotted crab to the T3 stage in spring and autumn was 48.1%, the overall survival rate of the T6 stage metamorphosis to the large eye larvae stage was 11.4%, and the overall survival rate of the seedlings that eventually developed into the I stage juvenile crab was 5.0%.

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Study on anti-thrombotic effect of Ampelopsis grossedentata composite juice in rats

XIE Yong, FAN Zhi-ping, SHI Jia, LIU Qing-qing, GAO Jian-qiang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 101-107. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.019

Abstract （146）

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The Ampelopsis grossedentata （AG） composite juice was prepared, followed by investigating its anti-thrombotic effect in rats. The AG composite juice was used to constantly intervene in the thrombus rats model, that was successfully established by using ligation of the inferior vena cava. The DHM solution and AG juice were used as controls. Rats were then sacrificed prior to determining the weight, length of the thrombus samples, and the antithrombotic rate. Consequently, the physicochemical properties of thrombus samples were measured by using HE staining and immunohistochemistry. Results showed that the content of total flavonoids （1.43±0.11 mg/mL） and DHM （0.66±0.05 mg/mL） in composite juice were significantly lower than those in control groups. Moreover, the length （10.98±1.20 mm）, wet weight （70.6±15.4 mg） and dry weight （49.9±3.2 mg） of thrombus in the model group were obviously higher than those in the normal group. Compared with other invention groups, the length of thrombus （3.92±0.64 mm） and the ratio of thrombus area to the entire inner surface area of blood vessels （32.1±1.4）% decreased significantly in the AG composite juice group, while the thrombus inhibition rate （64.5±1.3）% and dissolution rate （54.2±1.3）% increased significantly. Additionally, the HE staining and immunohistochemistry indicated that the AG composite juice group exhibited lower degree of vascular cell damage in integrity and nuclear fixation, relative expression level （25.2±2.1）% of TBXAS1, as well as a higher positive cell rate compared to other intervention groups. The AG composite juice had a favorable anti-thrombotic effect.

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Preparation and quality evaluation of soft capsule with pomegranate seed oil and soybean isoflavone

CHEN Hui-xin, ZANG Yuan-long, LIN Shu-qi, LYU Xian-dong, CUI Hong-jing, HOU Lei, WANG Jing-long

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 108-112. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.020

Abstract （112）

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Taking the proportion of pomegranate seed oil and soybean isoflavones, and the percentage of beeswax and soybean lecithin as the main investigation factors, the sedimentation ratio, fluidity, cut, dispersion, total isoflavone and daidzein content as indexes, the preparation process and prescription of the soft capsule with pomegranate seed oil and soybean isoflavone were optimized. The best prescription and process conditions were pomegranate seed oil of 92%, soybean lecithin of 1%, beeswax of 2%, and soybean isoflavone of 5%; drying time was 36 h, moisture content was less than 9%, daidzein content was 1.00 mg/grain, total isoflavone content was 3.73 mg/grain, and the difference of loading quantity met the regulations. The results showed that the soft capsules prepared with pomegranate seed oil as the dispersion medium, soybean lecithin as the emulsifier and wetting agent, and beeswax as the suspending had aid stable process and controllable quality.

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Study on the response surface optimization of extraction technology of total triterpenes from Forsythia suspensa leaves and its anti-tumor activity

WANG Xue-fang, CHEN Ling, GUI Rong, NING Er-juan, WANG Wei, WANG Xue-bing, LI Xiao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 113-118. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.021

Abstract （119）

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Taking the extraction rate of total triterpenes as the evaluation indicator, the optimum extraction technology of total triterpenes from leaves of Forsythia suspensa was optimized by ultrasonic extraction technology combined with single factor test and response surface test. Six kinds of macroporous resins were used for further purification, and CCK-8 method was used to detect the proliferation inhibitory effect of total triterpenes of Forsythia suspensa leaves on the human breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, liver cancer HepG2 and SNU-739 cells, colon cancer HT29 and HCT116 cells. The results showed that the optimum extraction condition of total triterpenes from Forsythia suspensa leaves was ethanol concentration of 85%, ratio of material to liquid of 1∶40 g/mL, extraction time of 35 min, and extraction temperature of 60 ℃. Under this condition, the extraction rate of total triterpenes from Forsythia suspensa leaves could reach 14.13%. D101 resin was the best resin, and the content of total triterpenes from Forsythia suspensa leaves could reach 72.89%. The 50% inhibitory concentration （IC₅₀） of total triterpenes from Forsythia suspensa leaves to MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, HepG2, SNU-739, HT29 and HCT116 cells was （6.29±0.34）, （9.51±0.71）, （12.05±1.23）, （9.91±0.94）, （22.82 ±0.65）, and （23.45 ±1.01） mg/L, respectively. The optimized extraction process for total triterpenes from Forsythia suspensa leaves was stable and simple, and it had strong anti-tumor activity after purification.

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Identification of mung bean components in food by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR

WANG Cheng, XU Shi-yong, LI Na, WANG Ya-si, CHEN Rui, LAN Qing-kuo, WANG Yong, ZHAO Xin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 119-123. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.022

Abstract （80）

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By designing and screening primer and probe combinations, the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR（qPCR） reaction system was optimized, and the qPCR method was established to identify the source components of mung bean, and its accuracy was verified. The results showed that the combination of primers and probes screened had good specificity. By optimizing the final concentration and annealing temperature, the optimal qPCR reaction conditions were obtained, and the amplification efficiency could reach 100.3%. The detection limit and quantification limit of mung bean were 0.05% and 0.1%, respectively. In practice, the quantitative deviation and relative standard deviation of simulated samples and commercial samples were less than 25%. The established real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method could specifically identify and quantify mung bean components in food, with high accuracy.

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Simultaneous determination of vitamin B₁, vitamin B₆, nicotinic acid, nicotinamide and caffeine in health foods by liquid mass spectrometry

YANG Yu-ping, XIE Bai-yan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 124-129. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.023

Abstract （117）

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A high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of vitamin B₁, vitamin B₆, nicotinic acid, niacinamide, and caffeine in health foods was established. Hawthorn yeast tablets, B vitamins tablets, multi B vitamins tablets, comprehensive nutrition tablets （for pregnant women）, melatonin tablets, multi vitamin mineral chewing tablets （for children）, Mount Huangshan Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, propolis soft capsules, and health oral liquid were used as test materials. Nine kinds of health food were dissolved in deionized water, and the filtrate was passed through the chromatographic column CAPCELL PAK C18 （150 mm×2.1 mm, 5 μm） to separate. Mobile phase was 0.1% formic acid solution -0.1% formic acid methanol solution. Gradient elution and positive ion mode of electric spray ion source were adopted. The detection mode was multiple reaction monitoring （MRM）, spray voltage was 5 000 V, the ion source temperature was 500 ℃, and the target compounds in 9 health foods were separated and determined. The results showed that the target compounds of vitamin B₁, vitamin B₆, Nicotinic acid, niacinamide, and caffeine had a good linear relationship at the concentration ranging from 5 to 500 μg/L, with R² all greater than 0.990 0, recovery rates ranging from 75.4% to 94.5%, and relative standard deviation （RSD） ranging from 1.1% to 15.6%. The quantitative limits for the five target compounds of vitamin B₁, vitamin B₆, Nicotinic acid, niacinamide, and caffeine were 2.10, 4.47, 3.93, 5.46, and 1.53 μg/kg, respectively. Compared with existing national standards, this method had high sensitivity, simple and fast pre-treatment operation, and strong anti-interference ability, and could simultaneously determine the content of five target compounds in different dosage forms of health food.

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Determination of 8 inorganic elements in dried noodles by graphite digestion inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

YANG Wei, LI Rong, MAO Yong-yang, YANG Zi-qiu, LI Tao, DUAN Bao-zhong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 130-134. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.024

Abstract （121）

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A graphite digestion inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method was established for the determination of 8 inorganic elements in dried noodles.After graphite digestion, the content of eight inorganic elements Na, Mg, K, Mn, Cu, Zn, Sr, and Ba in the dried noodles was determined by ICP-MS, and the determination conditions were optimized. Under the selected working conditions, each inorganic element exhibited a good linear relationship within the standard curve range, with a correlation coefficient of ≥ 0.999 5, a detection limit of 0.006 5~1.970 0 mg/kg, a relative standard deviation of precision of 0.7%~3.1%, a relative standard deviation of repeatability of 0.9%~4.7%, an average recovery rate of 88.2%~106.3%, and a relative standard deviation of 1.1%~5.3%. The method was used to determine the wheat standard substance GBW10011a, and the results were consistent with the standard reference value. The comparative analysis results of actual samples showed that there was no significant difference （P>0.05） between the graphite digestion inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method and the microwave digestion method of GB 5009.268-2016 “national food safety standard for the determination of multiple elements in food” （method 1）. The content of 8 inorganic elements in dried noodles ranged from high to low, including Na, K, Mg, Zn, Mn, Cu, Sr, and Ba. The graphite digestion inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method was easy to operate, had good stability, and reliable results, providing a reference for the determination of 8 inorganic elements in dried noodles.

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Fingerprint pattern recognition and multi-component content determination of different processed products of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch.

ZHANG Li-xian, WEI Yue, LI Fei-fei, LI Zhi-ning, ZHANG Tao-tao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 135-141. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.025

Abstract （104）

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HPLC fingerprint of different processed products of Rehmannia glutinosa （fresh Rehmannia glutinosa, Rehmannia glutinosa tablets, raw Rehmannia glutinosa, and cooked Rehmannia glutinosa） was established and the content of 11 indicator components was determined. 11 common peaks were identified, and principal component analysis （PCA） and cluster analysis （HCA） were combined to analyze the trend of chemical composition changes during the processing, laying a foundation for the quality evaluation and pharmacologica research of different processed products of Rehmannia glutinosa. The results showed that the method of combining HPLC fingerprint with multi indicator component content determination was suitable for the HPLC fingerprint analysis of different processed products of Rehmannia glutinosa. PCA and HCA results showed that cooked Rehmannia glutinosa was significantly different from fresh Rehmannia glutinosa, Rehmannia glutinosa tablets, and raw Rehmannia glutinosa. Fresh Rehmannia glutinosa and Rehmannia glutinosa tablets were classified into two categories in PCA, while fresh Rehmannia glutinosa and Rehmannia glutinosa tablets were clustered into one category in HCA; the linear relationship between the 11 indicator components was good, with R²≥0.999 5. The variation trends of the content of the 11 indicator components were different. The method of combining HPLC fingerprint with multi indicator component content determination reflected the chemical composition changes during the processing of Rehmannia glutinosa, which was suitable for quality evaluation of Rehmannia glutinosa at different stages of processing, laying a research foundation for pharmacological and pharmacological research and the discovery of quality markers.

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A dynamic preparation method for intelligent interpretation samples based on GlobeLand30

CHEN Jing, HE Xiang-yu, CHEN Jian-sheng, CHEN Jing-bo, DENG Yu-peng, ZHANG Xue-hua

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 142-150. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.026

Abstract （127）

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A dynamic preparation method for intelligent interpretation samples based on Landsat-8 image similarity was studied from the perspective of image feature similarity. Three sample set selection methods were constructed, including spectral similarity, texture similarity, and spatial proximity.Based on the same U-Net+EfficientNet-B3 semantic segmentation network, the impact of sample sets prepared from selected sample images under three measures on overall classification accuracy was compared. The results indicated that selecting sample images from historical achievement data for model training was an effective method to improve classification accuracy;among the three sample image selection strategies, spatial proximity could obtain the classification results with the highest accuracy and the lowest variance;incorrect labels in historical achievement data could lead to a decrease in the accuracy of intelligent models.

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SPAD hyperspectral estimation of spring wheat based on three dimensional spectral index

LIU Xiao-cui, Umut Hasan, Nijat Kasim

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 151-157. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.027

Abstract （117）

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To explore the feasibility of estimating SPAD （Soil and plant analyzer development） of spring wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） using the three dimensional spectral index （TBI）, this study focused on spring wheat at the field scale, collected canopy hyperspectral data at the heading stage, and calculated the three dimensional spectral index for any band combination to construct a SPAD estimation model for spring wheat based on the optimal three dimensional spectral index. The results showed that the three-dimensional spectral indexes TBI-1_{（849, 850, 850 nm）}, TBI-2_{（849, 850 997 nm）}, TBI-3_{（850, 849, 850 nm）}, and TBI-4_{（849, 849, 850 nm）} were significantly correlated with SPAD at the range of 400~1 300 nm （P<0.01）; a spring wheat SPAD estimation model was established using three machine learning algorithms： artificial neural network （ANN）, k-nearest neighbor （KNN）, and support vector machine （SVM）. By comparing the estimation results of the models, it was found that the model constructed using KNN algorithm had better estimation performance （R²=0.79, RMSE=2.68, RPD=2.25） than ANN and SVR algorithms.

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Design and performance study of a multifunctional electric operation platform for orchards in hilly terrain

YANG Tao, WU Bai-qiang, LI Xiao-xiao, HUANG Bo, RAN Guang-ze

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 158-164. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.028

Abstract （137）

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In order to solve the problems of low mechanization of agriculture in hilly terrain and the inability of large agricultural machinery to adapt to hilly terrain operations, a multifunctional micro-electric autonomous driving operation platform had been designed.According to the design concept of dual front end and no cab, the transmission mechanism was driven by dual motors, the driving mechanism was driven by triangular track wheels, and the steering mechanism adopted a four-wheel co-directional steering mechanism and differential steering control system, so that the work platform could drive diagonally to meet the requirements of narrow hilly terrain operations. A 1∶5 prototype model was established to conduct experimental analysis on the ability of the work platform to cross trenches and vertical obstacles. The results showed that the prototype model had a strong ability to cope with complex terrain, with a maximum width of 4 cm for crossing trenches, a height of 5 cm for crossing vertical obstacles, and a minimum turning radius of 20 cm. It could basically adapt to scenarios such as trenches and ramps. From this, it could be seen that the technical solution of the work platform designed in this study was feasible and could meet the actual needs of orchard users in hilly terrain. At the same time, the product development process using theoretical calculations, simulation analysis, and model validation provided new ideas for saving the research and development costs of new agricultural machinery products.

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Review of citrus growth monitoring based on remote sensing

PENG Xin-yi, PAN Yu-xia, LI Yan-da, CAO Zhong-sheng, SHU Shi-fu, SUN Bin-feng, YE Chun, HUANG Jun-bao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 165-169. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.029

Abstract （152）

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In order to fully utilize the advantageous features of remote sensing technology in non-destructive, real-time and accurate acquisition of citrus（Citrus reticulata Blanco） growth indicators for quantitative monitoring and precise management, this article reviewed the current domestic and foreign research using remote sensing to monitor citrus biochemical parameters, water stress, diseases, yield and quality, analyzed main challenges existing in the current monitoring, and put forward some ideas for future research, with a view to suggesting directions for future relevant research and the expectation to provide technical support to improve precise citrus management and high-yield as well as high-efficiency cultivation.

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Efficient detection method of papaya multiple PCR based on real time fluorescence quantitative PCR

ZHANG Yu-shan, CHEN Jie-bin, WU Liang-jun, ZHU Xuan, OUYANG Shu-fen, SHEN Zhi-hua

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 170-174. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.030

Abstract （100）

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Based on the pCaMV35S gene nucleic acid detection kit reaction system, the target gene primers and papaya（Carica papaya L.） DNA required for multiple PCR reactions were added to conduct multiple PCR reactions. At the same time, the effect of real-time fluorescence quantification of the target gene without synthesizing fluorescent probes was investigated. The results showed that in the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR reaction system, the gene bands amplified by multiple PCR were brighter than those amplified by conventional PCR, achieving real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR reaction of target genes without synthesizing Fluorescence probes, in order to establish a real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR detection method based on real time fluorescence quantitative PCR.

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Protective effect of ampelopsin on injury of A549 cells based on AMPK/mTORC1 autophagy pathway

ZHU Hai-bin, ZENG Chun-hui, TANG Mu-lan, CHI Xin-yu, DENG Hao-jian, LI Yu-jun, FANG Jing, XU Hao-liang, YANG Ke

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 175-180. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.031

Abstract （123）

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To investigate the protective effect of ampelopsin （APS） on lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced A549 cell injury model and its impact on the AMPK/mTORC1 autophagy pathway, the cells were randomly divided into the following groups： normal group, model group, APS high concentration group, APS medium concentration group, and APS low concentration group （80, 40, 20 μg/mL）. Except for the normal group, all other groups were treated with 30 μg/mL LPS to induce A549 cell injury model for 8 hours. After 24 hours of APS intervention, the survival rate of A549 cells was measured using the MTT method. The leakage of LDH in the supernatant was detected using the fluorescence method, and the TNF-α content in the supernatant was detected using the Elisa method. Autophagosome formation in the cells was assessed using the MDC method, while cell autophagy flow was measured using autophagy double-labeled mRFP-GFP-LC3. The p-AMPK/AMPK, p-mTOR/mTOR, autophagy-related protein LC3-II/LC3-I, and P62 protein expression levels were detected using the Western blot method. Additionally, an intervention validation trial using an AMPK inhibitor （CC） was conducted. The trial involved randomly dividing the subjects into different groups, including the normal group, model group, LPS+APS group, LPS+CC group, and LPS+APS+CC group. After co-culturing APS and CC for 24 hours, Western blot analysis was performed to measure the expression levels of p-AMPK/AMPK, p-mTOR/mTOR, and the autophagy-related protein LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ, as well as P62 protein.The results indicated that APS significantly increased the survival rate of A549 cells damaged by LPS, while reducing LDH leakage and TNF-α content. Moreover, APS led to a significant increase in the number of autophagosomes and lysosomes in the cells, along with a downregulation of P62 protein and p-mTOR/mTOR expression. Additionally, the expression of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ was significantly upregulated. Furthermore, when the AMPK/mTORC1 autophagy pathway was inhibited using CC, APS was found to upregulate the expression of P62 protein, p-AMPK/AMPK and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ proteins, while downregulating p-mTOR/mTOR protein expression. These findings suggested that APS promoted autophagy by activating the AMPK/mTORC1 autophagy pathway, thereby enhancing autophagy flow and exerting a protective effect against LPS-induced damage to A549 cells.

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Research on the spatio-temporal evolution and polarization effect of economy-ecology-resource coupling coordination：A case study of Shaanxi Province

ZHENG Yong-qiang, FENG Jian-xi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 181-188. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.032

Abstract （109）

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Taking Shaanxi Province as the research object, the coupling coordination degree model was used to analyze the temporal evolution of the economy-ecology-resource coupling coordination degree in Shaanxi Province from 2005 to 2017, and its spatial heterogeneity and polarization effects were analyzed by combining GIS and TW index. The results showed that from a time-series perspective, the evolution of the economy-ecology-resource complex system in Shaanxi Province had achieved a gradual upgrade from transitional reconciliation to high-quality coordination. From the perspective of spatial differentiation, the coupling coordination state of Shaanxi Province gradually evolved into the circle state, the growth of Guanzhong region was prominent, and the fluctuation of northern Shaanxi and southern Shaanxi was obvious. From the perspective of polarization effect, the province overall effect had changed from polarization effect to diffusion effect. Xi’an was a single-core growth pole, Guanzhong area was the main contribution area of polarization effect, and northern Shaanxi first inhibited polarization effect and then promoted it. Southern Shaanxi first promoted polarization effect and then inhibited it. Combining the results of urban coupling coordination of spatial differentiation and polarization effects, Shaanxi Province was subdivided into four categories： Powerful provincial capital city Xi’an, economy-led area Guanzhong, resource-led area northern Shaanxi, environment-led area southern Shaanxi, and policy recommendations were put forward separately.

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Analysis of coupling degree measurement model of regional tourism economy-ecological environment in underdeveloped areas： A case study of Shangluo City

YANG Ying-juan, ZHOU Xiao-ting, LI Bo-dan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 189-193. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.033

Abstract （74）

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The data of Shangluo City from 2009 to 2019 were selected, and the weight index of tourism economy and ecological environment of Shangluo City was determined by entropy method, and then the coupling coordination degree model of tourism economy and ecological environment of Shangluo City was determined, and an effective analysis was made. The results showed that from 2009 to 2019, the comprehensive index of tourism economy in Shangluo City showed a continuously rising trend, and the comprehensive index of ecological environment showed a fluctuating rising state, both of which developed well but still had room for improvement. The coupling degree between tourism economy and ecological environment had maintained a high degree of coupling from 2009 to 2019, and the overall development indicators and coupling coordination degree had shown an upward trend. From 2009 to 2019, the coupling coordination between the tourism economy and ecological environment in Shangluo City shifted from primary coordination to good coordination, and the type of coupling coordination shifted from lagging tourism economy to lagging ecological environment.

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Study on spatial characteristics and regional gap of agricultural economic growth： An empirical study based on county panel data of Guangxi

BAN Jin-cai

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 194-200. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.034

Abstract （117）

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Based on the panel data of 96 counties in Guangxi from 2004 to 2020, the spatial characteristics and regional disparities of agricultural economic growth in Guangxi were analyzed by using ESDA analysis, spatial differentiation index and Dagum Gini coefficient. The results showed that there was a significant spatial positive correlation between agricultural economic growth in Guangxi, and the “high-high” or “low-low” agglomeration trend was obvious, showing a large spatial difference on the whole; the agricultural economic growth of Guangxi showed significant spatial differentiation, and the agricultural economic growth varied greatly among counties; the regional gap of agricultural economic growth in Guangxi was obvious, and mainly came from the inter-regional gap. Therefore, it was suggested to accelerate agricultural economic growth in backward counties, promote horizontal cooperation among counties, and promote coordinated development among regions.

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Research on the spatial pattern and influencing factors of intangible cultural heritage in Sichuan-Shaanxi old revolutionary base area

YANG Yong-ping

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 201-208. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.035

Abstract （89）

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Using ArcGIS spatial analysis method, 283 national and provincial intangible cultural heritages in 68 counties （cities, districts） of Sichuan-Shaanxi old revolutionary base area were studied. The results showed that the intangible cultural heritage resources in Sichuan-Shaanxi old revolutionary base area were rich, and the spatial distribution of different types of projects was obviously different. The number of traditional skills was the largest, the number of folk art and folk literature was small, and entertainment, acrobatics and traditional sports were the scarcest; the spatial agglomeration of intangible cultural heritage in Sichuan-Shaanxi old revolutionary base area showed a five-level trend, and the local or cross-regional agglomeration distribution characteristics in the administrative area were obvious; the intangible cultural heritage of Sichuan-Shaanxi old revolutionary base area was mainly distributed in the area of 212~686 m above sea level, and the number of intangible cultural heritage of the same type decreased obviously with the increase of sea level; the distribution of intangible cultural heritage and rivers in Sichuan-Shaanxi old revolutionary base area had a good spatial coupling degree, showing strong hydrophilicity. In the 14~20 km river buffer zone, there was a small contrarian growth process, and then a cliff-like decrease until the distribution number was 0; modern transportation was not the influencing factor of intangible cultural heritage, but the highly developed modern transportation network provided strong support for the inheritance, protection and tourism development of intangible cultural heritage.

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Analysis of consumption structure of rural residents in Shaanxi Province based on the ELES model

WANG Yi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 209-213. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.036

Abstract （112）

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The relationship between per capita consumption expenditure of eight consumption items and per capita disposable income among rural residents in Shaanxi Province from 2012 to 2021 was explored. The Extended Linear Expenditure System （ELES） model was used to analyze the marginal consumption propensity, demand income elasticity, and demand price elasticity of rural residents in Shaanxi Province. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the expenditure on the eight consumption items and disposable income, indicating a huge development potential for the rural consumption market in Shaanxi Province and more possibilities for local economic development. After years of development, the consumption structure of rural residents had changed significantly. Food and housing consumption were still the focus of rural residents’ consumption, but their proportion had been declining year by year, and emerging consumption patterns continued to promote the optimization and upgrading of consumption structure. The transportation and communication consumption and medical and healthcare consumption had huge consumption potential among rural residents in Shaanxi Province. Their marginal consumption propensity and demand income elasticity also confirmed these two expenditures as consumption hotspots. Finally, relevant strategies and suggestions were proposed to optimize the consumption structure of rural residents in Shaanxi Province from aspects of improving rural residents’ disposable income, strengthening the rural social security system, and improving rural infrastructure construction.

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Development status, problems and countermeasures of blue granary industry in China

ZHANG Miao-ling, PAN Si-hua, CHEN Yan-juan, DENG Yan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 214-219. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.037

Abstract （124）

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Starting from the segmentation of blue granary in China, on the basis of summarizing the current situation of blue granary industry, the problems of the lack of top-level design, serious marine environmental pollution, lack of legal system, weak scientific research support capacity in the development of blue granary industry were analyzed, and some countermeasures and suggestions of optimizing top-level design, maintaining marine ecological environment, learning from foreign experience and strengthening scientific and technological innovation capacity were put forward.

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Calculation and analysis of scientific and technological progress contribution rate of fishery：Based on municipal panel data of Yunnan Province from 2005 to 2019

ZHOU Rui, WU Jing-dong, ZHONG Wen-wu, LIU Yue-tian

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 220-225. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.038

Abstract （105）

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Based on the panel data of 16 prefectures （cities） in Yunnan Province from 2005 to 2019, the Solow Residual method was adopted to establish the growth rate equation to calculate the scientific and technological progress contribution rate of fishery. The results showed that the pulling effect of material cost input on fishery output value was the most obvious. Labor input had a large contribution to fishery output value but had a downward trend. The scientific and technological progress contribution rate of fishery had obvious discrepancy in different times and different areas. Scientific and technological innovation had a obvious pulling effect on fishery development, but it needed to be improved even further. In this regard, the policy suggestions of increasing the financial investment of fishery science and technology, improving the quality of fishery practitioners, and improving the service level of fishery science and technology were proposed.

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Analysis of ecological breeding willingness and behavior deviation of poultry farmers

LAN Ding-wang, WENG Zhen-lin, LIU Xiao-chun, XIE Ning, TANG Jin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 226-233. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.039

Abstract （106）

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Based on the survey data of 470 poultry farmers in Jiangxi Province and the theory of planned behavior, the multivariate Logistic regression analysis model was built, and the marginal effect analysis of significant variables was conducted to effectively analyze the influencing factors of ecological breeding willingness and behavior deviation of poultry farmers. The results showed that with the development of economy and society, people paid more attention to health, safety and environmental protection, and the proportion of farmers with ecological breeding willingness and behavior was increasing, but there was still a deviation between willingness and behavior. Among them, the subgroups with the female, 31 to 40 years old, unmarried, junior high school and high school or technical secondary school education, and the monthly income of 2 000 yuan and less were more likely to deviate from their willingness and behavior than other similar subgroups. Based on positive coincidence events, gender, energy input, mood, influence of surrounding relatives and peers, market regulation, convenience, and past habits significantly affected the ecological breeding willingness and behavior deviation of farmers, among which gender, energy input, market regulation would expand the deviation, while other factors reduced the deviation. Accordingly, some suggestions were put forward, such as strengthening the training of breeding technology to improve the awareness level of ecological breeding of farmers, strengthening the positive policy incentives to enhance the willingness of farmers for ecological breeding, and increasing the cost of default to restrain the negative external behavior of farmers.

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Study and design on weather insurance indices of river crab：Taking Xinghua City of Taizhou as an example

WANG Zhan, GUO Jian-mao, ZHAO Bei-bei, TIAN Peng-fei, XIANG Yang, ZOU Xue-zhi, WU Yan-li

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 234-241. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.040

Abstract （104）

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The real data of river crab production from 2010 to 2019 in Xinghua City, Taizhou were selected, the membership function was designed by using fuzzy mathematics theory, and the “trial and error” and normalized processing method were adopted to statistically analyze and associatively study the influence of different weather meteorological factors （high temperature days, continuous high temperature frequency, rain days, continuous rain frequency, short sunshine days, continuous short sunshine frequency） on river crab production indices （yield per unit seedling amount, survival rate）. The results showed that overcast and rainy weather had a great impact on the actual production of the river crab, while the negative impact of high temperature weather was weakened due to the intervention of human measures. Based on the research results, a weather index insurance product for the river crab （high temperature index, rainy index, overcast index） was designed, in order to promote the development of agricultural meteorological index insurance work in Taizhou City, and provide a pilot scheme for Jiangsu Province and even the national aquatic meteorological insurance business.

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Research on the symbiotic path of traditional reading promotion and digital reading promotion in rural areas

CAO Xue-qi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 242-248. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.041

Abstract （96）

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In order to explore the symbiotic path between rural traditional reading and digital reading promotion, firstly, the current research status of rural reading promotion, traditional reading promotion, and digital reading promotion was analyzed. Secondly, based on the theory of symbiosis, a symbiotic system for promoting rural traditional reading and digital reading was constructed from three perspectives： Symbiotic units, symbiotic models, and symbiotic environment. The difficulties and limitations faced by the symbiosis of rural traditional reading and digital reading were summarized. Finally, effective strategies and paths for promoting symbiotic reading in rural areas were explored. By coordinating symbiotic units, optimizing symbiotic models, and improving symbiotic environments, traditional rural reading promotion and digital reading promotion could be organically combined to achieve the symbiotic win-win goal.

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Child care, family endowment and female non-agricultural employment：Based on the data analysis of CFPS

HAN Ji-qin, KIPKOGEI Shadrack, HAN Bing, MIAO Xin-ru

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (9): 249-256. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.09.042

Abstract （107）

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The 2014 China Family Panel Studies （CFPS） data was used to analyze the impact of child care on female non-agricultural employment, and to ex plore the role of family endowment in alleviating the obstacles between the two. The results showed that child care had an important and significant inhibitory effect on rural female non-agricultural employment, and family economic capital and human capital could partially reduce the cost of rural women taking care of children and help to alleviate this inhibitory effect. In addition, the heterogeneity analysis from the perspectives of rural women’s age, child’s age, and daytime caregivers was conducted, and the results once again proved that child care hindered rural female non-agricultural employment. This result reflected that there were still some rural women laborers in China who had not entered the non-agricultural employment market because they needed to take care of children. Improving family endowments was conducive to the release of these important laborers, which had practical significance in adjusting the structure of the labor market, improving the family’s economic living standard and well-being and finding a balance between family and work for rural women.

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Study on allometric driving relationship between biomass and organs geometric characteristics of millet

WANG Si-yu, ZHANG Wu-ping, LI Fu-zhong, WANG Guo-fang, LIANG Liang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 1-4. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.001

Abstract （205）

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Taking hybrid millet（Setaria italica） Zhangza No.10 as experiment material, the leaf length（maximum length）, leaf width（maximum width）, leaf biomass, stem node length（maximum length）, stem node biomass, spike length and spike biomass of different leaf position of Zhangza millet were dynamically measured through field cultivation experiment. The allometric relationship between the biomass of different organs and their geometric morphological structure characteristic parameters were analyzed, and the geometric morphological structure model of millet organs based on biomass was constructed. The results showed that the allometric relationship between leaf biomass and leaf length, stem node biomass and stem node length, and spike biomass and spike length was expressed by the power exponential equation, and the determination coefficients of the equations were 0.83, 0.77 and 0.98, respectively. The leaf biomass and leaf width showed a quadratic curve, and the determination coefficient was 0.80. The significant test results of equations all showed extremely significant level （P<0.01）. The root mean square errors between the measured and simulated values of leaf length,and leaf width were 5.28 cm and 0.35 cm, respectively. The root mean square error between the measured and simulated values of stem node length was 1.17 cm. The root mean square error between the measured and simulated values of spike length was 2.40 cm. There was a significant statistical correlation between the geometric structure parameters of different organs in millet and their corresponding cumulative biomass, and the prediction of the geometric structure model of millet organs based on biomass had high accuracy.

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Phenotypic and genetic analysis of wheat near-isogenic lines in awn length

CHEN Zhen-zhen, ZHOU Guo-qin, CHEN Jin-ping, SHI Shou-she, XIE Xu-dong, SHEN Guan-yu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 5-8. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.002

Abstract （142）

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A pair of near-isogenic lines CSAM1 （long awn） and CSAM2 （short awn） with different awn length were used as materials to investigate their character and photosynthetic ability, and genetic analysis of awn length was carried out. The results showed that the plant height, plant type, ear length, heading date, flowering date, spikelet number and grain number per spike were no significant difference between CSAM1 and CSAM2, and the difference of awn length was highly significant （P<0.01）. The photosynthetic capacity and 1 000-grain weight of CSAM1 were higher than those of CSAM2. Genetic analysis showed that the inheritance of awn length character was controlled by a single gene, short awn was dominant and long awn was recessive.

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Breeding and application of three-line CMS line Jiafeng91A in indica hybrid rice

HU Ji-hong, KE Chuan-yong, LIU Shan-de, HUANG Hai-yan, LIAO Guang-yi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 9-12. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.003

Abstract （142）

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Jiafeng91A, a three-line CMS line of indica hybrid rice（Oryza sativa L.）, was a hybrid of F₃ generation of Quan 9311B// Quan 9311B / Quanyouhuazhan and Quan 9311A, which was backcrossed for several generations. It was an indica three-line CMS line with blast resistance （containing Pi2 resistance gene） by molecular marker-assisted selection. The breeding process, characteristics, main advantages and disadvantages, the matters that should be paid attention to in production, and the test and trial planting of the combined varieties of the sterile line were introduced.

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Effects of different N, P, and K ratios on photosynthetic physiological characteristics, photosynthetic products, and grain yield of maize

ZHU Jing-xue, WANG Ying, FANG Xiao-kun, CHEN Zhan-yu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 13-21. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.004

Abstract （134）

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In order to investigate the effects of different N, P, and K ratios on the photosynthetic physiological characteristics, photosynthetic products, and grain yield of maize （Zea mays L.）, field experiments were conducted to study the differences in leaf photosynthetic material production capacity at different growth stages under different fertilization levels, and to explore the optimal fertilization amount for maize, in order to provide reference for high-yield and efficient fertilization of maize in the central and northern regions of Jilin Province. The results showed that from the jointing stage to the mature stage, the chlorophyll content of maize leaves showed an overall trend of first increasing and then decreasing, while the net photosynthetic rate （Pn）, stomatal conductance （Gs）, and transpiration rate （Tr） of leaves showed an overall downward trend. T10 treatment was the highest, and the intercellular CO₂ concentration （Ci） of leaves showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing;the soluble protein content, soluble sugar content, and starch content of T10 treatment were the highest from the jointing stage to the mature stage. The soluble protein content and soluble sugar content of corn leaves showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, while the starch content of leaves showed a trend of decreasing;reasonable application of N, P, and K had a certain impact on the stem diameter of corn. In addition to N fertilizer playing a decisive role, plant height and stem diameter were also related to P and K fertilizers;the lodging rate of T7 treatment was the highest, while the lodging rate of T1 treatment was the lowest; the maize grain yield under T10 treatment was the highest, with an increase of 176.6% compared to the control T0, and the difference reached a very significant level. Therefore, T10 treatment with N fertilizer level of 3 performed the best in terms of photosynthetic physiological characteristics and grain yield.

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Study on the accumulation regularity of garlic nutrient elements in alkaline selenium-rich soil area

DAI Lu, ZHANG Ya-feng, MA Qiang, WANG Shuai, HE Lian-zhen, QIN Yong-qiang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 22-25. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.005

Abstract （122）

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In order to master the law of accumulation of nutrient elements in garlic（Allium sativum L.） in alkaline selenium-rich soil area and provide support for high-quality development of garlic industry, based on the synergistic monitoring of garlic and soil in the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, nine indexes of Se, Fe, Sr, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr and I were analyzed, and quality evaluation was carried out by using characteristic parameters, enrichment coefficient and nutrient level. The results showed that the average content of Se, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mg, Mn, I, Sr and Cr in garlic was 43.6 μg/kg, 2.10 mg/kg, 7.56 mg/kg, 0.017 g/kg, 0.27 g/kg, 3.33 mg/kg, 0.035 mg/kg, 2.6 mg/kg and 0.06 mg/kg, respectively. The garlic grown in selenium-rich soil（soil Se≥230 μg/kg） reached the selenium-rich level. The transport enrichment ability of Se, Zn and Cu in garlic was the strongest, the ability of Mg, I and Sr was moderate, and the ability of Mn, Fe and Cr was the weakest. Garlic had the ability of synergistic enrichment of Se, Cu, Zn, Cr and other nutrients. The contribution rate of Cu, Fe and Mn to the nutrients of the human body was the largest, the next was Se, and the lowest was Zn and I.

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Effect of different Mg fertilizer application on yield and magnesium fertilizer utilization rate of direct-sowing rapeseed

CHEN Shao-qing, GENG Guo-tao, WANG Shao-hua, ZHOU Xiong, LU Zhi-feng, ZHANG Yang-yang, LIAO Shi-peng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 26-29. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.006

Abstract （128）

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Five magnesium fertilizer rates were set to study the effect of Mg application on yield and magnesium fertilizer utilization rate of direct-sowing rapeseed（Brassica campestris L.）. The results showed that Mg application could significantly increase the yield of direct-sowing rape（P<0.05）, and the maximum yield was reached at 45 kg/hm² of MgO, and the yield increase was 387 kg/hm² compared with no Mg application, with a yield increase of 18.0%. Also, Mg application increased the biomass proportion of seeds and pods and decreased the proportion of stems. Mg application significantly increased the number of pods per plant and seeds per pod of rapeseed, reaching the maximum at 45 kg/hm² and 30 kg/hm² of MgO, respectively, which increased by 17.8% and 12.1% compared to the treatment without Mg application. Mg application increased Mg content and accumulation in all parts of rapeseed, and the increase of horn sell and grain was significantly greater than that of the stem. The apparent utilization rate of Mg fertilizer tended to increase first and then decrease, reaching a maximum of 21.4% at 30 kg/hm² of MgO, and the agronomic efficiency was greatest at 15 kg/hm² of MgO, which was 11.7 kg/kg. Comprehensively considering yield, nutrient absorption and utilization, Mg application should be emphasized in this area, and the appropriate MgO application rate was 40~45 kg/hm².

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Research on the law of greenhouse gas emissions from rice fields under the rice-shrimp planting and breeding model

LI Qing-hai, XIE Qing-yun, YE Pei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 30-36. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.007

Abstract （148）

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A comparative monitoring experiment of CH₄ and N₂O emissions from paddy fields under rice-shrimp planting and breeding mode and middle rice monoculture was carried out in Jianghan Plain by the static chamber-gas chromatography method. The characteristics of greenhouse gas emission intensity in paddy fields under rice-shrimp planting and breeding mode and the effects of surface water depth and temperature on greenhouse gas emissions from rice-shrimp planting and breeding fields were mainly explored, which would provide a reference for the assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from rice fields and the formulation of emission reduction technologies in the Jianghan Plain. The results showed that compared with the conventional middle rice field, the cumulative CH₄ emission in rice-shrimp planting and breeding fields was significantly increased by 369.3%（P<0.05）, and the cumulative N₂O emission was significantly reduced by 33.3%（P<0.05）. There was a reciprocal relationship between N₂O and CH₄ emissions. The main contribution of warming potential was CH₄ emission, the greenhouse gas emission intensity of rice-shrimp planting and breeding fields was significantly increased by 1.06 kg CO₂-e/kg compared with that of the conventional middle rice field. There were significant positive correlation between CH₄ emission flux and surface water depth, and between CH₄ emission flux and surface water temperature in rice-shrimp planting and breeding fields （P<0.05）. There was a significant positive correlation between N₂O emission and temperature in the box in the conventional middle rice field during the non-flooding period （P<0.05）. The high emission of greenhouse gases in rice-shrimp planting and breeding fields was mainly caused by the continuous flooding and anaerobic state, and it was the most critical to explore the CH₄ emission reduction measures of this mode; the middle rice field had the low greenhouse gas emission due to the rotation of paddy-upland, and could be used as the main type of rice crop with low carbon emission reduction.

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Analysis and evaluation of phytoplankton diversity in Xinzhou City in autumn

LIU Shuai, ZHAO Yan-chu, HUANG Yan-feng, ZHANG Deng-zhuang, SHI Ya-feng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 37-44. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.008

Abstract （132）

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The species of phytoplankton in typical rivers and reservoirs in Xinzhou City of Shanxi Province in autumn of 2020 were investigated, and their diversity was analyzed. The results revealed that in total 111 species and 8 phyla existed in rivers while 125 species and 8 phyla were found in reservoirs, providing the cell densities ranging within （0.009~13.110） ×10⁶ cells/L, along with an average density of 3.299×10⁶ cells/L in rivers, and the counterparts for reservoirs were（0.205~17.310）×10⁶ cells/L and 6.526×10⁶ cells/L respectively. As estimated, the universal dominant species in the sampling sites which represented the related drainage basin included Anabaena oscillarioides, Pseudanabaena sp., Chroomonas acuta, Chroomonas acuta, Synedra acus, Navicula capitatoradiata, Raphidiopsis sinensia, and Diatoma vulgare var. vulgure. It was concluded that the biomass and cell density of phytoplankton were spatially unevenly distributed as well. According to Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou uniformity index and Margalef richness index applied to calculate the overall phytoplankton diversity index of Xinzhou City, the phytoplankton resources in the reservoirs were basically abundant, the structure was practically stable, and the biodiversity was better than that of the rivers. The water quality of 22 sampling sites was mainly in the state of mild and moderate pollution.

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Measurement of carbon emissions from planting industry on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: A case study of highland barley planting industry in Qinghai Province

DING Ya-nan, DING Sheng-xi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 45-50. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.009

Abstract （115）

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In order to study the measurement of carbon emissions from the planting industry on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the carbon emissions, carbon emission intensity and carbon cost of the highland barley （Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum Hook. f.） planting industry in Qinghai Province were measured. Through the analysis of the total carbon emissions and agricultural carbon emissions in Qinghai Province from 1997 to 2019, it was found that the total carbon emissions in Qinghai Province were still high, and agricultural carbon emission had always been at a high level. Based on the agricultural carbon emission data of Qinghai Province from 1997 to 2019, a nonlinear sub-regression neural network model was built by using GUI toolbox in Matlab software, and a neural network timing tool was used to make multi-step prediction of agricultural carbon emission of Qinghai Province from 2020 to 2026. The results showed that from 2020 to 2026, agricultural carbon emissions in Qinghai Province would still show a trend of high fluctuation growth, and it was urgent to carry out “peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality” emission reduction. After analyzing the sources of carbon emission from highland barley planting industry, six measuring indexes of agricultural diesel, artificial, chemical fertilizer, pesticide, agricultural film and N₂O emission had been established. Then, an IPCC inventory estimation model was established based on the data of the established six indicators from 2015 to 2020, and the total carbon emission, carbon emission intensity and carbon cost of highland barley planting industry in Qinghai Province from 2015 to 2020 were measured. The results showed that, the total carbon emission of highland barley planting industry in Qinghai Province from 2015 to 2020 did not increase significantly with the increase of highland barley planting area, while the carbon emission intensity and carbon cost of highland barley planting industry decreased with the increase of highland barley planting area.

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Plant community stability evaluation on the top of peak forest in Wulingyuan Scenic Area based on GIS

JU Yu-feng, TIAN Jian-lin, DING Bin-bin, ZENG Ting

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 51-57. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.010

Abstract （134）

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Taking more than 3 000 peak forests in Wulingyuan Scenic Area as the object, based on remote sensing image interpretation and field survey data, the 17 indexes including three aspects of natural environment, community structural function and human disturbance were selected to construct the evaluation index system of plant community stability. Analytic hierarchy process and equal-distance method were used to determine the index weight, ArcGIS was used for weighted stacking, and the plant community stability was divided into five grades from high to low, namely Ⅴ, Ⅳ, Ⅲ, Ⅱ andⅠ . Based on this, plant community stability was evaluated and mapped, and the spatial distribution and causes of plant communities with different degrees of stability were analyzed. The results showed the areas occupied by peaks of Ⅴ, Ⅳ, Ⅲ, Ⅱ andⅠ were 14.37 km², 17.16 km², 16.26 km², 13.74 km² and 6.25 km², respectively, accounting for 21.2%, 25.3%, 24.0%, 20.3% and 9.2%. The spatial distribution of plant community stability was high in the east and the south, low in the west and the north; the plant community was relatively stable in Wulingyuan Scenic Area, and nearly one third of the area was still at risk of degradation of the plant community at the top of peaks. Community stability was the result of the combined effects of natural environment and human disturbance. Among the factors that affected the stability of plant communities, the natural environment and human disturbance were stronger than the structural and functional factors of community.

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Distribution characteristics and dynamic changes of forest land carbon storage in the Qilian Mountains forest area of Gansu Province

ZHAO Fang-yuan, WANG Qiong-fang, ZHAO Wan-kui, CHENG Xiao-yun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 58-62. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.011

Abstract （131）

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Based on the annual update data of a map of forest resources management in Gansu Province, the carbon storage of forest land was calculated by the biomass expansion factor method and the biomass per unit area method, and the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of forest land carbon storage in the Qilian Mountains forest area of Gansu Province from 2016 to 2019 were comprehensively analyzed combined with the land use type transition matrix. The results showed that grassland, unused land, and construction land transferred 22 600 t of carbon storage to forest land. After ecological construction was strengthened, there was a trend of turning grassland, unused land and construction land back to forest land. The carbon storage of arbor forest, sparse forest and shrub forest increased by 19.20% from 2016 to 2019, of which the increase of arbor forest carbon storage accounted for 98.26%, and the carbon storage of middle-aged forests and young forests with greater potential for carbon sink growth in the future had the fastest growth rates, which were 26.70% and 26.34%, respectively.

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Study on the mixed controlled atmosphere and low temperature insecticidal technology in cigarette production workshop

ZHANG Chu-an, NIU Yan-li, WANG Le-jun, LIU De-qiang, WANG Yuan, ZHANG Yan, LIU Yong, YIN Peng, LI Xiang-fa

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 63-68. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.012

Abstract （132）

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Taking Lasioderma serricorne as the study object, the insecticidal effect of mixed （N₂, CO₂） atmosphere and low temperature insecticidal method on cigarette production equipment were compared. The results showed that the mixed （N₂, CO₂） atmosphere could reduce the inner curtain to a lower oxygen concentration （1.0%~1.2%）, and the appropriate concentration of carbon dioxide （10%~20%） could stimulate the Lasioderma serricorne to accelerate respiration, and could completely kill the adult and larva of Lasioderma serricorne in a shorter time （10 days）; the low-temperature insecticidal method was adopted, which had a better insecticidal effect for hidden danger points of insect sources in partially closed cigarette production workshops.

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Isolation and identification of the pathogens of Passiflora coerulea L. stem rot in Baise, Guangxi

YANG Cui-feng, TENG Zheng, YU Jue-yun, LIN You-lin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 69-73. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.013

Abstract （100）

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The pathogen of Passiflora coerulea L. stem rot in Baise City, Guangxi were isolated, cultured and identified by means of tissue separation, Koch's rule and rDNA-ITS sequencing. The results showed that 6 kinds of pathogenic fungi with different morphology and pathogenicity were isolated and identified. Four strains were identified as Fusarium oxysporum, Phytophthora nicotianae, Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Fusarium moniliforme, 2 strains were identified as Fusarium, but their the species had not been identified.

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Distribution and diffusion potential of alien plants in wetland of Chengdu

GOU Xiao-lin, KANG Xin-wen, VLADIMIROV Dmitrii, CHEN Qing-song, WANG Ya-ting, FAN Hua, TU Wei-guo

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 74-82. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.014

Abstract （92）

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Taking Chengdu City as a typical park city of China, the alien plants and their distribution of wetland in Chengdu City were investigated. The diffusion potential of exotic plants was studied through the diffusion model. And the distribution and invasive potential were discussed by the distribution models. The results showed that there were 61 species of alien plants distribute in wetland of Chengdu City, most of the alien plants distribute in terrestrial land and there were 16 species of alien invasive plants of level 1. The alien invasive plant with the widest distribution was Alternanthera philoxeroides in aquatic and terrestrial environment, with a rate over 97%, the distribution rates of alien plants such as Erigeron sumatrensis, Trifolium repens, Erigeron annuus and Bidens pilosa were over 20% in terrestrial environment, but all alien plants did not heavily invade ecosystem and had a low distribution density. Some alien invasive plants with a high risk of invasion still had greater diffusion potential. It was found that Cyperus involucratus had a trend of diffusion from water to terrestrial environment. In the process of wetland construction and management in Chengdu City in the future, it was suggested to strengthen the artificial control of the alien invasive plants of level 1, to further study the effect of artificial intervention on the control of alien invasive plants, and to prevent the spread of Cyperus involucratus and other garden plants with lower invasive grade.

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Explore the pharmacological mechanism of Ganoderma lucidum based on network pharmacology and molecular docking

CHEN Yang-ling, PAN Xiao-fang, XU Hao, CHEN Rui, HUO Li-ni, LIANG Yan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 83-90. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.015

Abstract （122）

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The network pharmacology and molecular docking were employed to investigate the active ingredients and pharmacological mechanism of Ganoderma lucidum. Taking oral availability and drug-like properties as evaluation indexes, active ingredients of Ganoderma lucidum were screened from the TCMSP data platform, potential targets of active ingredients were predicted in the Swiss target prediction platform, and GO analysis and KEGG Pathway enrichment analysis were conducted using the David database. The “active ingredients-target-pathway” network was constructed using Cytoscape 3.8.0 software to predict the pharmacological mechanism of the active ingredients of Ganoderma lucidum, and Sybyl-x 2.0 software was used to carry out the molecular docking verification. The results showed that 16 active ingredients were screened from polysaccharides, triterpenoids and steroids of Ganoderma lucidum, and 37 key targets, including AR, CYP17A1, CYP19A1, NR1H2, NRIH3, CYP17A1, CYP19A1, TDP1 and MAPT, were obtained by KEGG enrichment analysis. It involved 15 pathways, including Steroid hormone biosynthesis, Vascular smooth muscle contraction and Calcium signaling pathway. Molecular docking results showed that more than 60% of the active ingredients had good binding ability to the key targets, and the compound ergostere-7, 22-diene-3β-ol linoleate had the highest binding score to the target protein HSD17B2. The results of network pharmacological analysis showed that the active ingredients of Ganoderma lucidum mainly exerted therapeutic effects through vascular smooth muscle contraction, steroid hormone biosynthesis, insulin resistance and other pathways in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, tumors and other diseases.

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Effects of altitude and planting density on growth and yield of Angelica acutiloba in Yichang City

YANG Ying-chun, LI Yun-fei, YAO Yu-ling, LI Nian-zu, FEI Fu-hua, YANG Hao, LI Rong-fang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 91-94. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.016

Abstract （130）

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To study the effects of altitude and planting density on growth and yield of Angelica acutiloba in Yichang city, Hubei Province, two altitude levels （600 m and 1 100 m） and three planting density levels （30 cm×40 cm, 35 cm×40 cm, 40 cm×40 cm） were set up, and the main agronomic characters of aboveground part in different periods and the main yield index in the harvest period of Angelica acutiloba were determined. The results showed that under the 600 m altitude and 35 cm×40 cm planting density treatment, the plant height of Angelica acutiloba in the vigorous growth period was the highest（14.80 cm）, and the number of stems was more （5.20） at the peak growth stage. Under the 1 100 m altitude and 35 cm×40 cm or 40 cm × 40 cm planting density, the plant height was higher in the root swelling stage, which was 42.75、42.65 cm, respectively. Under the three treatments at 1 100 m altitude and one treatment with the planting density of 40 cm×40 cm under the 600 m altitude, the fresh root weight per plant was higher, which was 218.33~265.26 g. Under 1 100 m altitude and 30 cm×40 cm or 35 cm×40 cm planting density, the yields of fresh roots were higher, which were 15 157.83, 16 725.66 kg/hm², respectively. Both fresh root weight per plant and equivalent fresh root yield had a significant negative correlation with the number of stems in the peak growth period, and the correlation coefficients were -0.868 and -0.820, respectively. In conclusion, planting at 600 m altitude was beneficial to the growth of Angelica acutiloba in the vigorous growth period, and planting at 1 100 m altitude was beneficial to increase the accumulation of nutrients in the aboveground part and improve the weight per plant and total yield. The planting density of 35 cm×40 cm and 40 cm×40 cm was beneficial to the growth of the aboveground part of Angelica acutiloba, and the planting density of 30 cm×40 cm was beneficial to increase the total yield. It was suitable to plant Angelica acutiloba under the conditions of 1 100 m altitude, 30 cm×40 cm planting density in Yichang City, and the yield per plant and total yield were higher.

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Comparative study on antioxidative activity in vitro of different polar parts of longan kernels from Luzhou City and Guangzhou City

CHEN Yong-jun, DAI Liang-min, DAI Liang-ping, ZHANG Chun, WANG Yan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 95-99. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.017

Abstract （89）

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The antioxidant activity in vitro of different polar parts of Longan（Dimocarpus longan） kernels produced in Luzhou City, Sichuan Province and Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province were studied. The antioxidant activity of longan kernels from Luzhou Zhangba, Luzhou Huangyi and Guangzhou Liwan were extracted by 5 solvents with different polarities. The antioxidant activity of extracts was compared by DPPH and ABTS⁺· methods. The results showed that the weight of dry extracts of longan kernels from 3 producing areas （except Luzhou Zhangba）was n-butanol> ethyl acetate> anhydrous ethanol > deionized water > petroleum ether. The results of the in vitro antioxidant test showed that in DPPH method, except petroleum ether extract from longan kernels of Guangzhou Liwan producing area, all polar extract from other producing areas had higher free radical scavenging rate, and the ethyl acetate extract from Guangzhou Liwan producing area and Luzhou Zhangba producing area had the best antioxidant capacity, with IC₅₀ of 0.021 mg/mL and 0.022 mg/mL, respectively. In ABTS⁺· method, the petroleum ether extract of longan kernels from all producing areas had the strongest ability to remove ABTS⁺ free radicals, followed by ethyl acetate extract, and Luzhou Zhangba longan kernels extract had the best antioxidant ability, with IC₅₀ of 0.023 mg/mL.

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Study on anti-aging mechanism of Polygonati Rhizoma based on network pharmacology and molecular docking

KE Chang-hu, YAN Hui, ZHAO Yang, ZHU Jun, LI Zhi-hao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 100-108. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.018

Abstract （121）

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The material basis and mechanism of anti-aging of Polygonati Rhizoma were revealed by network pharmacology and molecular docking. The chemical composition of Polygonati Rhizoma was obtained through TCMSP database; and the relevant target corresponding to the chemical composition of Polygonati Rhizoma was collected through Swiss target prediction database; the relevant targets of aging diseases were screened in GeneCards, OMIM, DiGSeE and HAGR databases; Venny 2.1 online software was used to obtain the common targets of drugs-disease; the“drug-ingredient-target-disease” network was constructed by using the software Cytoscape 3.8.2; the protein interaction network was constructed by using STRING database; GO functional enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were carried out through DAVID database, and molecular docking verification of key active ingredients and action targets was performed using AutoDock software. The results showed that 12 active components of Polygonati Rhizoma produced anti-aging effects by regulating 81 targets and 79 pathways. The five key chemical components were baicalein, 4′,5-dihydroxyflavone, glycyrrhizin, （2R）-7-hydroxy-2-（4-hydroxyphenyl）chroman-4-one, and zhonghualiaoine 1, which could mediate pathways in cancer, proteoglycans in cancer, HIF-1, Ras, central carbon metabolism in cancer, PI3K-Akt, FoxO, Rap1 and other signaling pathways through EGFR, VEGFA, HIF1A, ESR1, STAT3 and other key target proteins to play anti-aging roles. Molecular docking showed that the screened target protein had good binding activity with the active ingredient.

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Universality validation of molecular markers for sex identification in Idesia polycarpa Maxim.

YAN Li, TONG Zhu, HE Xiu-juan, XIAO Cui, WANG Ze-qiong, YUAN Long-yi, SUN Zhong-hai, QIU Wen-ming

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 109-114. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.019

Abstract （103）

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Using 120 samples of Idesia polycarpa with known sex, the universality of the two reported molecular markers UBC841 and STZ was tested for sex determination of Idesia polycarpa. Meanwhile, a large number of inter-simple sequence repeat （ISSR） and sequence related amplified polymorphisms（SRAP） markers were analyzed for their polymorphism in male and female plants of Idesia polycarpa. The results showed that UBC841 could detect polymorphic bands in 24 samples of Idesia polycarpa, but no gender-specific bands were detected. STZ could amplify the target band in some samples, but did not show the sex specificity of male and female bands. These two groups of markers did not show good universality, and the accuracy of gender discrimination was low. In addition, 26 ISSR primers and 780 pairs of SRAP primers were screened, but no sex-specific markers were obtained, indicating that it was difficult to screen stable and reliable sex-specific markers in Idesia polycarpa by using universal molecular markers ISSR and SRAP.

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Effects of plastic mulching cultivation methods on the growth and soil nutrients of peppers in open fields in northern Jiangsu Province

DING Ying, LIU Yan-yan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 115-118. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.020

Abstract （100）

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In order to explore better plastic film mulching cultivation methods for peppers in open fields in northern Jiangsu Province, the commonly used local variety Sujiao No.5 was used as experimental material. Two plastic film mulching cultivation methods were set up, including plastic mulching only on the ridge surface（T₂）, and the ridge and furrow with plastic mulching on whole ground（T₃）. Taking no plastic mulching（T₁）as the control （CK）, the effects of different plastic film mulching cultivation methods on the growth, yield, soil nitrogen, salinity, and pH of peppers in open fields were studied. The results showed that compared to T₁ treatment, T₃ treatment could advance the initial flowering, fruiting, and harvesting stages of peppers by at least 5 days, and significantly improve the quality and yield of fresh peppers by 18.95% and 11.99%, respectively; at the seedling stage, flowering and fruiting stage, and maturity stage, the pepper plant height of T₃ treatment was significantly higher than that of T₁ treatment by 34.28%, 30.30%, and 16.66%, respectively, and the pepper plant stem diameter was significantly higher than that of T₁ treatment by 42.75%, 26.79%, and 26.64%, respectively; in the mature stage, the unfolding degree of T₃ treatment could reach 78.9 cm×81.2 cm, and the aboveground dry mass was significantly higher than that of T₁ and T₂ treatments by 24.35% and 12.01%, respectively. During the flowering and fruiting period, the soil TN content of T₂ and T₃ treatments was significantly lower than that of T₁ treatment by 5.77% and 24.04%, respectively. The soil available nitrogen content was significantly lower than that of T₁ treatment by 12.99% and 12.27%, respectively; during the seedling and maturity stages, the water-soluble salt content of 0~20 cm soil layer treated by T₃ treatment was significantly lower than that treated by T₁ treatment by 85.26% and 17.35%, respectively.

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Spatial distribution characteristics of soil seed bank of Malus sieversii population in Emin County

YU Ting, HU Xiao-jing, XING Hao-wen

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 119-123. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.021

Abstract （118）

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The field investigation method was used to analyze the soil seed bank level and seed germination characteristics of Malus sieversii population in different habitats and different directions in Emin County, and to understand the spatial distribution pattern of Malus sieversii soil seed bank in Emin County, in order to explore the restrictive factors and mechanism of seedling regeneration of Malus sieversii. The results showed that, the average total density of the soil seed bank of Malus sieversii was 10.20 grains/m². There were great differences in the number of seeds with different retention conditions in the soil, which was rotten seed > empty seed > intact seed. The germination rate of intact seeds was low. There was no significant difference in seed storage among different habitats, which showed as follows： sunny slope>shady slope>valley bottom. In vertical space, the number of seeds decreased with the increase of soil depth, and the density of the soil seed bank changed little in different habitats. Most of the seeds fell into the litter layer, and the litter layer would hinder the seed contact with the soil and germination. Disturbing the surface litter layer was helpful for Malus sieversii seeds to enter the soil and germinate. The poor renewal of the soil seed bank might be the reason why the number of seedlings of Malus sieversii was rare and the reproduction of the population was difficult to sustain.

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Effects of hemp film on growth and development environment of soilless cultivated pepper

NIU Yan-lei, SUN Zi-yi, SUN Xiao-ying, CHEN Xiao-feng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 124-131. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.022

Abstract （104）

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In order to study the effect of hemp mulch on the growth and development environment of soilless cultivated peppers, the basic physicochemical properties of soil and substrate, growth and development of peppers, as well as the quantity of soil microorganisms of peppers' inter-root were investigated by using the single facter variable method in four treatments, namely, soil culture without mulching （CK）, PE film soil culture （T1）, PE film substrate cultivation （T2）, and hemp film-covered soilless culture （T3）. The results showed that compared with the CK, T1 and T2 treatments, the T3 treatment significantly improved the yield and quality of peppers. Compared with the CK, the soluble sugar and VC content of peppers increased by 21.13% and 49.26%, respectively. Compared with the pre-planting period, the organic matter content, quick-acting nitrogen content, quick-acting phosphorus content and quick-acting potassium content in the soil or substrate of CK, T1, T2 and T3 treatments were increased, among which the content of the T3 treatment increased the most obviously. It could be seen from the analysis that hemp mulch enhanced the physicochemical properties of the substrate more obviously, improved the substrate conductivity as well as the porosity size, raised the ground temperature, increased the diversity of bacteria in the substrate, reduced the fungal abundance, which in turn was conducive to accelerating the decomposition of nutrients, and had a greater effect on the root environment and the growth and development of plants.

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Study on the spectral characteristics of main tree species in Davidia involucrate community in Wulingyuan scenic spot

ZENG Ting, TIAN Jian-lin, DING Bin-bin, WANG Gao, ZHOU Zi-qun, XU Qin-qian

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 132-136. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.023

Abstract （108）

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In order to find out the characteristic spectrum of Davidia involucrata, a rare plant in Wulingyuan scenic spot, Zhangjiajie City, Hunan Province, and its main tree species in the community, using the ASD FieldSpec 4 portable ground object spectrometer, the reflectance spectra of five tree species, including Davidia involucrata, Euscaphiss japonica, Acer palmatum ‘Atropurpureum', Cinnamomum camphora and Schima superba were analyzed using differential and continuum removal methods. The results showed that the original spectral curve was located in the near-infrared band, and there were significant differences in the reflectance of the main tree species in the Davidia involucrata community. The optimal bands for identification were 780~920 nm, 1 000~1 349 nm, 1 427~1 590 nm, 1 590~1 785 nm, and 1 981~2 459 nm; 490~530 nm, 550~582 nm, 680~760 nm, 1 110~1 190 nm were the best distinguishing bands obtained by combining first-order differential data with “trilateral parameter” analysis; based on the analysis of the continuum removal curve, the curve highlighted four absorption valleys and one reflection peak, with characteristic bands of 440~500 nm, 520~640 nm, 640~690 nm. The spectral absorption characteristic parameters were analyzed based on the continuum removal data in the 540~760 nm band, and the five types of tree species could be distinguished by the absorption peak area and spectral absorption coefficient in this band.

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Research on genus Odontobutis in Hubei Province

WANG Xue, LIU Yi-ran, REN Yan, LI Bo, XIE De-bing, ZHU Si-hua

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 137-142. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.024

Abstract （127）

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Genus Odontobutis were a group of demersal piscivore freshwater fishes native to East Asia. Two species were described in Hubei Province, O. sinensis and O. potamophilus. The advances in studies of genus Odontobutis in Hubei Province with respect to classification, morphology, ecology and genetics were briefly reviewed. Some advice was proposed for artificial breeding, effective management and rational utilization of these resources.

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Pre- and postprandial changes of orexigenic factors and anorexigenic factors in grass carp （Ctenopharyngodon idella）

GUO Wei, YANG Hui-jun, MO Ai-jie, SUN Jun-xiao, ZHAI Yu-xiang, YI Lin-yuan, YUAN Yong-chao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 143-148. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.025

Abstract （99）

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The transcriptional levels of ghrelin, npy, cart, cck and leptin in the brain and intestinal tissues of grass carp before and after feeding were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR to explore the variation laws of their mRNA transcripts. The results showed that transcription levels of ghrelin mRNA in the brain of grass carp reached the maximum peak 2 h before feeding （P<0.05）, and then decreased significantly, but there were no significant changes in the expression levels within 4 h after feeding （P>0.05）. The mRNA expression level of npy in the brain was significantly higher within 2 h before feeding than 2 h after feeding（P<0.05）, while its mRNA expression presented an opposite trend in the foregut. Meanwhile, the expression levels of anorexigenic factors （cck, cart and leptin） in brain and foregut kept stable at a low level 2 h before feeding, while a significant increase was observed 1~2 h after feeding in the fed group （P<0.05）. The GH content in plasma after feeding exhibited a trend of rising first and then decreasing, the peak value was delayed to 1 h after feeding.

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Monitoring of Charybdis feriatus artificial breeding environment based on Internet of things technology

ZOU Xiong, YANG Ming-qiu, PU Li-yun, LU Jian-xue, XIA Lian-jun, LIU Xin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 149-153. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.026

Abstract （119）

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In order to improve the artificial breeding quality of Charybdis feriatus, the environmental monitoring system would be studied and designed using the Internet of things technology. First of all, the remote monitoring system of the Internet of things for the artificial breeding environment of Charybdis feriatus was designed, including the design of the overall structure of the system, the local monitoring subsystem, the remote monitoring subsystem and the water quality monitoring system. In addition, for the prediction of dissolved oxygen data in water quality detection, the improved LMBP （Levenberg Marquardt Back Propagation） algorithm was used to design it. The results showed that the designed artificial breeding environment monitoring system could better realize the intelligent control of the breeding environment of Charybdis feriatus, and reduce human and material resources. In addition, the improved LMBP algorithm could better predict the dissolved oxygen.

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Research on the biological activities of terpene phenolic compounds from Plakortis simplex

LIU Xin-lian, ZHUANG Jiang-chao, ZHOU Xin-hang, TANG Ji-hang, ZHANG Sheng-yuan, WANG Jie

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 154-157. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.027

Abstract （104）

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The chemical composition of Plakortis simplex collected from Xisha Islands in the South China Sea was studied. The terpene phenolic compounds from Plakortis simplex were tracked and enriched efficiently by LC-MS combined with HPLC. The antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities of terpene phenolic compounds were detected by MTT assay and luciferase double reporter gene assay respectively. The results showed that eight known terpene phenolic compounds, Plakordiol A（1）, Plakordiol B（2）, Plakordiol C（3）, Plakordiol D（4）, （7R,10R）-Hydroxycurcudiol（5）, （7R,10S）-Hydroxycurcudiol（6）, （7R*,10R*）-Abolene（7） and （7R*,10S*）-Abolene（8）, which were four pairs of differential isomers, were enriched and isolated from the n-butanol extract of the sponge. All the compounds showed cytotoxicity against human breast cancer MCF-7 cells at the concentration of 20 mmol/L. Plakordiol A（1） and Plakordiol C（3） showed inhibitory activity against the transcription of RXRα induced by 9-cis-retinoic acid, with significant differences compared to the model group （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. While Plakordiol D（4） promoted the transcriptional activity of RXRα, with significant differences compared with the model group （P<0.01）. Plakordiol A（1） inhibited the activation of NF-κB induced by TNF-α and had significant differences compared to the model group （P<0.05）.

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Effects of different storage warehouses on the aging quality of Brazilian tobacco

LIU Yuan-shang, LIANG Yong-wei, XU Chun-ping, GONG Mei-qiu, WU Pan, LIU Ya-long, LI Li-peng, ZHANG Peng-yuan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 158-165. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.028

Abstract （120）

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In order to clarify the effects of different aging methods on the aging quality of Brazilian L10AT tobacco leaves, Brazilian tobacco leaves stored in the mechanical warehouse, natural warehouse and moisturizing warehouse were taken as experimental materials. Samples were taken after aging for 3, 9, 12, 15 and 18 months respectively, and the changes of conventional chemical components and important aroma components were measured. The effects of different aging methods on the aging quality of tobacco leaves were studied. The results showed that during the aging process of tobacco leaves in three storage warehouses, different aging warehouses had no significant effect on the content of chloride ion and nicotine in tobacco leaves, but had significant effects on the content of reducing sugar, total sugar and sugar alkali ratio in tobacco leaves. In addition, aging time had a significant effect on the content of chloride ion, nicotine, reducing sugar, total sugar and sugar alkali ratio in tobacco leaves. The contents of nicotine, reducing sugar and total sugar showed a decreasing trend during the aging process, and the contents of reducing sugar and total sugar of tobacco stored in the mechanical warehouse were the lowest. The total amount of important aroma components and the content of neophytodiene in aging tobacco leaves were the highest in the mechanical warehouse. The principal component analysis of the important aroma components in the three aging warehouses showed that the three aging methods were far away, indicating that the three aging methods had obvious differences.

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HPLC determination of quercetin and kaempferol in Qingqianliu leaves

LI Jun-xiu, LIAO Xia-yun, ZHAO Li-chun, LIANG Jie

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 166-171. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.029

Abstract （119）

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The hydrolysis extraction conditions and content determination method of two flavonoid aglycones （quercetin and kaempferol） in Qingqianliu [Cyclocarya paliurus （Bata1.） Iljinskaja] leaves by high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） were studied to, provide reference for quality control of Qingqianliu leaves.Using ethanol-hydrochloric acid mixed solution as the solvent, the extraction and hydrolysis conditions were investigated using a combination of single factor and orthogonal experiments;content determination was conducted using Agilent C18 chromatographic column （250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm） as the separation column and acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid aqueous solution （volume ratio 35∶65） as the mobile phase, with a detection wavelength of 370 nm, a column temperature of 30 ℃, and a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The results showed that the optimized extraction and hydrolysis conditions were as follows： Ethanol hydrochloric acid （volume ratio 8∶1） was used as the solvent, and the material-to-liquid ratio was 1∶20 each time, with a 90 ℃ constant temperature water bath reflux for 60 min. The injection volume of quercetin and kaempferol showed a good linear relationship, ranging from 0.080 8 to 0.808 7 μg （R²=0.999 7） and from 0.096 4 to 0.964 6 μg （R²=0.999 9）, respectively;the average recovery rate of quercetin was 100.97%, with the relative standard deviation （RSD） of 2.93%. The average recovery rate of kaempferol was 97.25%, and the relative standard deviation was 3.29%. The extraction and hydrolysis process could significantly increase the content of flavonoid glycosides in Qingqianliu leaves;the established detection method was fast, accurate, and had good repeatability, which could provide technical reference for the quality evaluation of Qingqianliu leaves medicinal materials.

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Simultaneous determination of 10 nitroimidazole drugs residues in aquatic products by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

XIE Yun-bo, YI Ming, TONG Wen-yu, ZENG Zhi, ZHU Zhi-qiang, SHI Yi-fu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 172-177. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.030

Abstract （113）

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A high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was established for the detection of nitroimidazole drugs residues in aquatic products. The sample was extracted with ethyl acetate, distilled under reduced pressure, purified with n-hexane, and the residue was dissolved in 10% methanol before passing through a C18 chromatographic column （150 mm×2 mm, 5 μm）. Separation was carried out using 0.20% formic acid aqueous solution acetonitrile as the mobile phase, gradient elution was performed, and the target compound was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The detection limit of the method was 0.04~0.30 μg/kg, the quantitative limit was 0.50~1.00 μg/kg, the linear relationship was good within the range of 1~150 μg/L, and the correlation coefficient （R²） was >0.998 00. At spiked level of 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 15.0, and 20.0 μg/kg, the recovery rate was 73.0%~116.2%, and the relative standard deviation （RSD） was 0.43%~9.53%. This method was easy to operate, highly sensitive, and had good reproducibility, making it suitable for the detection of large batches of samples.

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Analysis of volatile components in cassia twig, white peony, and their drug pairs by headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

DAI Quan-wu, LIU Yi, ZENG Ge-ge, TIAN Yu, HUANG Zhen-yang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 178-184. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.031

Abstract （100）

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The volatile components of cassia twig, white peony, and their drug pairs were analyzed using headspace solid-phase microextraction（HS-SPME） combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）（HS-SPME-GC-MS）. The optimal extraction conditions were investigated using single factor analysis. The relative content of each component was calculated using the area normalization method, and principal component analysis （PCA） was performed. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions were the sample size of 0.60 g, extraction temperature of 60 ℃, extraction time of 15 min, and analysis time of 3 min. Cassia twig, white peony, and their drug pairs identified 47, 49, and 54 components, and the relative contents were 96.91%, 90.58%, and 94.57%, respectively. Principal component analysis showed significant differences in the comprehensive scores of cassia twig, white peony, and their drug pairs, with cassia twig and white peony drug pair having the highest comprehensive score. The volatile components in the cassia twig and white peony drug pair mainly came from cassia twig. The volatile components after the combination of cassia twig and white peony were significantly different from those in a single drug, and there was a significant change in relative content.

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Analysis and application of 11 phenolic compounds in celery based on high performance liquid chromatography

BAI Tian, CUI Xin-yi, LI Ning, CHENG Wei-xia, ZHANG Bin, LIU Jing-bo

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 185-190. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.032

Abstract （114）

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Taking 10 types of celery （Apium graveolens L.） as test materials, a Venusil XBP Cl8 （L） chromatographic column （250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm） was used. Using 0.2% acetic acid solution-methanol as the mobile phase, gradient elution was performed at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min; a PDA detector with a detection wavelength of 240 nm was adopted. A method was established for the simultaneous determination of 11 phenolic compounds in celery using high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）, and the selection of chromatographic columns, mobile phase conditions, and gradient elution conditions were optimized. The results showed that the linear relationship of 11 phenolic substances was good ranging from 0.5 to 10.0 μg/mL,and the correlation coefficient was greater than or equal to 0.990. Recovery experiments were conducted on celery samples with spiked levels of 0.2, 0.4 and 1.0 mg/kg, with recoveries ranging from 71.90% to 134.00% and relative standard deviation （RSD） ranging from 0.30% to 4.00%. The detection limit （LOD） and quantification limit （LOQ） were 0.07~0.29 mg/kg and 0.20~0.84 mg/kg, respectively. All active ingredients had good stability within 24 hours, and the relative standard deviation was less than 3.00%. This method had been successfully applied to the determination of 11 phenolic compounds in 10 types of celery. Combined with cluster analysis, it was found that there were similarities in phenolic components among different varieties of celery, but there were differences in their contents among different varieties. This method had high sensitivity and precision, and could provide technical support for the analysis of 11 phenolic compounds in celery.

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Development and application of laboratory rolling method sheet device for reconstructed tobacco leaves

LIU Xing-le, ZHANG Dun-tie, WANG Ji-li, YANG Jun-peng, ZHU Feng, XIA Fan, WANG Hao, DENG Jie

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 191-194. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.033

Abstract （89）

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The rolling method sheet device for reconstructed tobacco leaves in the laboratory environment was developed, and a study was conducted on the influence of drying parameters on the quality of trial produced thin films in the laboratory environment. The laboratory rolling method sheet device mainly included a rolling module, a thickness control module, a thin sheet stripping module, and a hot air drying module. It had advantages such as adjustable and controllable thin sheet thickness, uniform thickness, low demand for tobacco powder raw materials, small footprint, and short sample preparation time;using an oven to simulate the thin film drying process in a laboratory environment, the influence of drying parameters on the quality of trial produced thin films was studied through the orthogonal test. The results showed that the thickness of the thin sheet prepared by the laboratory rolling method sheet device was 0.1~0.4 mm, with a thickness deviation of ±0.02 mm;the optimal drying process conditions in the laboratory were obtained through orthogonal experiments, that was, when the drying temperature was 95 ℃ and the drying time was 180 seconds, the sensory quality evaluation score of the thin film was the highest.

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The baking effect and exhaust emissions of renewable energy bakery

YANG Nan, LI Jun-ying, CAI Xian-jie, CHANG Dong, YAN Hai-tao, XU Yue-qi, YAN Ding, CAO Ya-fan, WANG Xiao-qiang, WANG Ming-xin, HE Xiao-bing, XU Cheng-yue

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 195-203. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.034

Abstract （109）

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In order to further explore the advantages of the renewable energy bakery, the effects of five renewable energy bakeries, namely biomass bakery, heat pump bakery, alcohol based bakery, solar assisted bakery, and tunnel bakery, on the conventional chemical components, neutral aroma components, polyphenol compounds, organic acids, economic benefits, and exhaust emissions of cured tobacco leaves were studied, using coal fuel bakery as a control.Compared with the coal fuel curing barn, the content of total sugar and reducing sugar in flue-cured tobacco leaves from five renewable energy curing barns increased significantly;the content of neutral aroma components in tobacco leaves increased by 52.11%, 13.17%, 6.99%, and 5.16% in solar assisted bakery, tunnel bakery, biomass bakery, and heat pump bakery, respectively;the content of polyphenols in tobacco leaves increased by 25.66% and 5.73% respectively after being cured in alcohol based bakery and heat pump bakery;the organic acid content in solar assisted bakery and tunnel bakery increased by 13.71% and 0.89%, respectively;the average price of tobacco leaves in solar assisted bakery, heat pump bakery, and biomass bakery increased by 2.42, 2.27, and 1.05 yuan/kg, respectively, while the average price of dry tobacco decreased by 0.98, 0.86, and 0.18 yuan/kg, respectively;the concentration of unorganized exhaust gas in heat pump bakery, alcohol based bakery, solar assisted bakery, and tunnel bakery was relatively low. Overall, renewable energy bakery was more in line with the development needs of the industry to improve quality and efficiency, as well as the green and low-carbon social development needs, especially solar assisted bakery and heat pump bakery.

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The spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and regional differences of agricultural digital development level:Taking Shandong Province as an example

LIAO Yan, WANG Qing, XIE Yun, LI Jing-ping

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 204-211. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.035

Abstract （84）

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Based on relevant data from 16 prefecture-level cities in Shandong Province from 2012 to 2021,firstly, an agricultural digital development level indicator system was constructed,secondly, the entropy weight method was used to effectively measure the agricultural digital development level of prefecture-level cities in Shandong Province,finally, the dynamic evolution characteristics, spatial clustering characteristics, regional differences, and sources of the agricultural digital development level in Shandong Province were analyzed through non parametric kernel density estimation, Moran's I, and Dagum Gini coefficient. The results showed that the agricultural digital development level of 16 prefecture-level cities in Shandong Province was imbalanced, and the polarization problem of the agricultural digital development level in the provincial capital economic circle was more serious. The Jiaodong economic circle showed a multipolar trend, while the Lunan economic circle tended to be average;the overall agricultural digital development level in Shandong Province exhibited spatial agglomeration characteristics of “high-high” combination and “low-high” combination;the differential contribution rate of the agricultural digital development level in Shandong Province was ranked from large to small among economic circles, super variable density, and within the economic circle.Therefore, measures such as developing characteristic agriculture, adapting to local conditions, improving digital infrastructure, technology assistance to agriculture, extending the agricultural industry chain, increasing commercialization rates, strengthening regional cooperation, and narrowing disparities could be taken to improve the agricultural digital development level of Shandong Province.

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An edge computing model applied to the identification of invasive species in Yunnan Province

LUO Ling, SONG Ke, WANG Hao, ZI Cai-fei, FENG Wei, DU Ming-ming, SUN Zhong-xiang, CAO Zhi-yong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 212-217. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.036

Abstract （96）

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Based on the MobileNet model migration, four main invasive species （Bidens bipinnata, Cassia plant, water peanut, and Eupatorium adenophorum） images in Yunnan Province were identified. The MobileNet-v2 models with width ratios of 1.0 and 1.4 were applied to the dataset in this study for experiments. The reasons for the unstable recognition of the MobileNet-v2 network model were analyzed, and the model was improved by adding channel attention mechanism modules, updating activation functions, and compressing network layers. The results showed that the improved MobileNet-v2 model had a recognition accuracy of 96.8%, and the model parameter quantity was only 15 359 093. The improved MobileNet-v2 model had high recognition accuracy and fewer model parameters, making it suitable for deployment at the edge, and could be better applied to the field of invasive species control in Yunnan Province.

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Study on the influencing factors of brand construction of geographical indication agricultural products under the background of rural revitalization

SUN Feng-lin, SUN Rui-long

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 218-222. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.037

Abstract （104）

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The data obtained from 603 valid questionnaires were used to explore the influencing factors of the brand construction of geographical indication agricultural products by the empirical analysis method. The results showed that under the background of consumption upgrading, customers' own consumption had become the main purpose of purchasing geographical indication agricultural products. The loyalty of consumers of buying geographical indication agricultural products by picking at the origin was the highest, indicating that consumers still had the traditional concept of “what you saw was what you got”. Exquisite packaging and reputation factors were the significant factors that influenced whether consumers chose the geographical indication agricultural products. The product classic story factor was the most significant reason why consumers were willing to pay the premium for the geographical indication agricultural products. Therefore, the brand construction of geographical indication agricultural products should be based on consumer emotion and use the marketing method of storytelling to touch consumers. Packaging design should be combined with regional characteristics, cultural connotation and historical heritage characteristics to create a brand, in order to stand out in the seriously homogenized agricultural products market. The safety and quality problem of agricultural products was still very serious. It was of far-reaching significance to establish the geographical indication agricultural products brands with high credibility as soon as possible by scientific and technological means and brand reputation.

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The impact of rural ecological environment on farmland abandonment:Taking CHIP2018 data as an example

ZHOU Hai-wen

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 223-229. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.038

Abstract （80）

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The CHIP2018 farmers' micro data was used to study the impact of rural ecological environment quality on farmland abandonment behavior and its internal mechanism by Probit model and mesomeric effect model. The results showed that the improvement of ecological environment quality had a negative impact on the abandonment behavior of farmland, with significant effects in the main grain producing areas and dry land planting areas, but not significant effects in non-grain producing areas and paddy field planting areas. Mechanism analysis showed that improving the quality of rural ecological environment could reduce the farmland abandonment of farmers by reducing the rate of rural labor going out to work. To this end, it was necessary to strengthen the protection of rural ecological environment, promote the construction of a “trinity” protection system for farmland, strictly implement the accountability system, increase the cost of abandoned farmland of farmers, improve the farmland transfer system, achieve effective allocation of farmland resources, and ensure national food security.

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Research on the relationship between industrial water and economic growth based on the perspective of grey water footprint: A case study of Hubei Province

ZHANG Ye-yu, LI Ang, ZHAO Wen-qi, LI Lu-ji

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 230-233. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.039

Abstract （117）

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From the perspective of gray water footprint, based on the time series data of Hubei Province from 2003 to 2019 and the grey water footprint and Environmental Kuznets Curve theory, an empirical analysis on the relationship between industrial grey water footprint and economic growth through the methods of unit root test and co-integration test was conducted. The results showed that the relationship between industrial grey water footprint and economic growth was in line with the assumptions of the Environmental Kuznets Curve theory, but different from the traditional inverted “U” curve. The relationship curve obtained from the perspective of gray water footprint presented an inverted “N” shape and there was no turning point. The possible reason was that the structural and technological effects of Hubei Province had long been stronger than the scale effects, which led to a decline in industrial gray water footprint with economic growth, and it was an approximately monotonously decreasing trend.

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Evaluation of low-carbon agricultural development level in the Yangtze River Economic Belt based on entropy method

DU Wen

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 234-239. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.040

Abstract （115）

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To enhance the development level of low-carbon agricultural economy in China, the entropy method was used to evaluate the development level of low-carbon agricultural development level in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The results showed that the average annual yield increase rate of low-carbon agriculture development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2012 to 2019 was 3.16%, leading the country by 0.57 percentage points. The agricultural economic indicators of the Yangtze River Economic Belt had increased by 0.222 3 points, with an average annual growth rate of 6.29%. The carbon level indicators of low-carbon agriculture in the Yangtze River Economic Belt had increased by 0.251 6 points, with an average annual growth rate of 6.41%. Electricity consumption, fertilizer use, and carbon sink had a positive impact on carbon emission efficiency, while employees and pesticide usage had a negative impact on carbon emission efficiency.

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The influence of cultivated land use transformation on economic development at different scales

PENG Hong-bing, QIAN Zhao-dong, SANG Xin-chun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 240-246. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.041

Abstract （83）

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The transformation of cultivated land use from the perspective of functional form and spatial form was measured, the characteristics of the transformation of cultivated land use in poor areas of western Hubei from 2000 to 2018 were described, and the law of the influence of cultivated land use transformation on economic development from different perspectives in two research scales of regional and county was explained. The results showed that the transformation of cultivated land use could be regarded as a breakpoint change of cultivated land use pattern in time series; the transformation of cultivated land use had a certain promoting effect on regional economic development, but with economic development, the influence gradually decreased; the transformation of cultivated land use not only promoted the economic development of western Hubei, but also restricted the economic development of western Hubei.

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Research on the measurement and promotion path of high-quality development level of rural economy

SHANG Ying-bin, WU Qian, DUAN Lu-feng, WEI Ming, SHENG Pan-feng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (10): 247-257. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.10.042

Abstract （102）

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Based on the panel data of thirty provinces （cities,municipalities） from 2013 to 2018, the entropy weight method was used to measure the high-quality development level of rural economy, and the Dagum Gini coefficient was used to analyze the regional differences. The results showed that the high-quality development level of rural economy in China was generally not high. In the time dimension, the level of high-quality development of rural economy was constantly improving, and the momentum of development was positive. In the space dimension, the high-quality development level of rural economy of the four regions from high to low was the eastern, northeastern, central and western regions, and the source of the gap was mainly regional differences. To promote the high-quality development of rural economy, the promotion paths of improving the innovation ability of backward areas, breaking the barriers to the flow of urban and rural factors layer by layer, adhering to green development as the base, optimizing the economic structure of developed areas, and comprehensively improving the rural social security system were put forward.

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Breeding and direct seeding cultivation techniques of Runfengxiangzhan, a high quality aromatic rice reaching the ministry standard first-class

DU Xue-shu, LI Jin-bo, XIA Ming-yuan, WAN Bing-liang, QI Hua-xiong, YANG Da-bing, HU Liang, DING Xin-tao, HU Ding-zhe

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 1-4. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.001

Abstract （151）

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Runfengxiangzhan is a new high-quality conventional rice variety bred by hybridization of Xiadao No.1, Huarun No.2 and R825. It was approved by the Crop Variety Approval Committee of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 2022. The variety had high yield, good rice quality, rich aroma, good taste, and good resistance to rice blast and bacterial blight. According to the characteristics of the variety, it was considered that the variety was suitable for various cultivation methods. In cultivation, it should be sown in time, appropriately increase the amount of sowing, control nitrogen and increase potassium, and improve lodging resistance.

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Effects of cultivation methods on yield and economic benefit of different varieties of rice

LI Yu-wei, HUANG Zhi-mou, YANG Han, QU He-pin, QUAN Wen-bo, QIN Xiao-yin, LI Zhong-zheng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 5-10. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.002

Abstract （127）

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Three rice varieties（Fudao 99, Huaxiaxiangsi and Huanghuazhan） with four cultivation methods（manual direct seeding, aerial vehicle direct seeding, artificial seedling throwing and machine transplanted seedlings） were set to study the effects of cultivation methods on the yield and economic benefit of different rice varieties. The results showed that the theoretical and actual yield of Fudao 99 were higher than those of Huaxiaxiangsi and Huanghuazhan, which were 10 957.09 and 8 315.82 kg/hm², respectively, and it was suitable for large-scale planting in Xianning City. The yield and economic benefit of rice under aerial vehicle direct seeding and manual direct seeding cultivation methods were higher than those of artificial seedling throwing and machine transplanted seedlings, and compared to manual direct seeding, aircraft direct seeding saved time and labor. Therefore, from a light and simplified cultivation perspective, the aerial vehicle direct seeding method could be promoted in Xianning City.

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Effect of different nitrogen application rates on cotton-wheat rotation production under straw returning conditions

YAN Zhen-hua, ZHAO Shu-qi, ZHANG Hua-chong, HUANG Xiao-li, DAI Bao-sheng, ZHANG Xin, LI Wei, TONG Rui-jin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 11-15. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.003

Abstract （123）

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In order to study how to reduce nitrogen fertilizer input and improve the comprehensive benefits of cotton fields under the dual cropping system of cotton （Gossypium spp.） and wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） rotation in the cotton region of the Yangtze River Basin, five nitrogen fertilizer dosage treatments were set up in the experiment, which were low nitrogen （N1,50% of N3）, relative low nitrogen（N2,75% of N3）, medium nitrogen（N3, pure nitrogen in the cotton season and wheat season were 180.0 and 150.0 kg/hm², respectively）, high nitrogen（N4, 125% of N3） and rich nitrogen （N5, 150% of N3）. The effects of different nitrogen fertilizer application rates on the growth process, agronomic traits and yield traits of wheat and cotton and cotton fiber quality were analyzed, and the economic benefits, land use efficiency and production efficiency of different treatments were analyzed. The results showed that the total production cycle of cotton-wheat rotation was about 344 days, and it was feasible to develop cotton wheat rotation in the cotton region of the Yangtze River Basin. The effective number of ears, grains per ear and yield of wheat among different nitrogen fertilizer application rates first increased and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application rate. Based on two years of experimental results, when the nitrogen fertilizer application rate was high （N of 187.5 kg/hm²）, the yield of wheat was highest. There were significant differences in cotton plant height, number of bolls per plant, seed cotton yield, and lint yield among different nitrogen fertilizer application amounts. When the nitrogen fertilizer application amount was high nitrogen （225.0 kg/hm²）, the seed cotton yield was the highest. In the annual production of cotton and wheat, the total output, production efficiency, net profit, return rate and input-output ratio showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application, and the maximum value was reached when the fertilizer application level was high nitrogen（N4）. The total production cycle and soil utilization rate increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application amount.

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Comprehensive evaluation of the main agronomic, photosynthetic characters of15sweet potatoes varieties

ZHANG Xiao-shen, ZUO Hong-juan, CAO Hui, WANG Feng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 16-19. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.004

Abstract （115）

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Using 15 sweet potato [Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burkill] varieties as experimental materials, the main agronomic and photosynthetic traits of 15 sweet potato varieties were studied. The grey correlation method and DTOPSIS method were used to comprehensively evaluate these agronomic and photosynthetic traits of sweet potatoes. The results showed that there were differences in these traits of sweet potatoes, with a coefficient of variation ranging from 20.15% to 76.98%. The correlation analysis showed that the leaf area of sweet potatoes was significantly positively correlated with stem diameter(P<0.05), negatively correlated with the number of branches per plant(P<0.05), and highly significantly positively correlated with the longest vine length(P<0.01); there was a significant negative correlation between chlorophyll SPAD and commodity yield(P<0.05); there was a highly significant positive correlation between stem diameter and the longest vine length(P<0.01), as well as a significant positive correlation with the number of tubers per plant(P<0.05); the longest vine length was significantly positively correlated with the number of tubers per plant(P<0.05). The order of influence of agronomic and photosynthetic traits on sweet potato yield was as follows from high to low： number of branches per plant, stem diameter, dry matter rate, commodity rate, the longest vine length, net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll SPAD value, leaf area and number of tubers per plant. The DTOPSIS method was used to comprehensively evaluate the main agronomic and photosynthetic traits of sweet potatoes. The top eight varieties in the comprehensive ranking were the same as the top eight varieties in sweet potato yield, and the order of the top two varieties was switched. The DOTPSIS method could be used as a comprehensive evaluation method for sweet potatoes, and Hami, Pushu 32, Shangshu 19, and Jishu 33 were selected as suitable for demonstration and promotion in Zhengzhou City.

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Study on zoning for ecological remediation of territorial space based on the ecosystem services supply and demand：A case study of Yunnan Province

WANG Yu-kun, WANG Jian-jie, ZHANG Cui-qing, WANG Ya-hui

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 20-26. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.005

Abstract （125）

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Taking Yunnan Province as the research area, the ecological protection and restoration zoning work at the county level was carried out by quantifying ecosystem service （ES） supply and demand and mapping the matching relationship between the two. The results showed that obvious spatial heterogeneity was seen in both ES supply and demand, and these two showed a complementary relationship spatially. The forest areas in the northwest and southwest Yunnan were high supply areas, while the eastern parts were low supply and high demand areas. The Yunnan Province was divided into four regions according to the characteristics of supply and demand： coordination type （high supply-high demand）, which should focus on improving the supply level of other ecological land except water areas; urban and rural remodeling type （low supply-high demand）, which should pay more attention to the spatial allocation and coverage of urban green space; key restoration type （low supply-low demand）, which should carry out soil and water conservation, mine rehabilitation and other rehabilitation projects in local areas; ecological conservation type （high supply- low demand）, which should take ecological conservation as the main goal to achieve the overall improvement of forest quality.

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Response of degradation characteristics of films to different soil moisture and soil temperature

GAO Zhi-ting, WANG Gai-ling

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 27-33. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.006

Abstract （126）

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Two PBAT biodegradable films（biodegradable film 1 and biodegradable film 2） and a PE film were used as research materials, and the degradation characteristics of different films were studied by indoor culture experiment, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and Fourier transform infrared spectrum （FTIR） under different soil moisture and different temperature culture conditions. The results showed that, when the films were cultured for 90 d under three different soil temperature conditions of 20 ℃, 40 ℃, 20 ℃ （12 h） and 40 ℃ （12 h） day and night alternation （20 ℃/40 ℃） respectively at the soil moisture content of 20%, the weight loss rates of the common PE membrane, biodegradable film 1 and biodegradable film 2 were the highest at 20 ℃/40 ℃, reaching to 2.89%, 11.91%, 8.33%, respectively. When the films were cultured for 90 d at 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% soil mositure respectively at 20 ℃, there was no significant difference in the degradation degree of PE film, while the biodegradable film 1 had the highest weight loss rate of 5.36% at 30% soil mositure, and that of the biodegradable film 2 was 6.46% at 25% soil mositure. It could be speculated that the Norrish type I reactions occurred in the two biodegradable films after 90 d of culture based on the FTIR. The expansion vibration of the two biodegradable films was obvious at 20 ℃/40 ℃, representing the molecular strand fracture. SEM showed the change trend of the morphological characteristic of the PBAT biodegradable films degradation was consistent with the law of matrix drop—crack/small penetrating holes—large area crack/large penetrating holes. It was concluded that the degradation degree of PBAT biodegradable films was significantly higher than that of PE film, and the high temperature and humid soil environment was conducive to the degradation of PBAT biodegradable films.

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Calculation of carbon sources and carbon sinks for animal husbandry in Shiyan City, and its technology path and ecological strategy for low-carbon development

ZHANG Rong-bing, CAO Zhong-xin, YE Miao, LUO Yu, YIN Shuang-shuang, LI Xuan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 34-40. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.007

Abstract （103）

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Taking the carbon source and carbon sink in the whole process of animal husbandry production in Shiyan City as the research object, and based on reference to relevant domestic and foreign literature, analysis and research on the whole life cycle of animal husbandry production in Shiyan City were conducted. Direct production and auxiliary production were selected as the system boundaries to determine the emission sources of the three main greenhouse gases （CO₂, CH₄and N₂O） in the whole process of livestock production, and the carbon emissions and carbon pools of animal husbandry production in Shiyan City from 2011 to 2021 were measured using IPCC inventory estimation method and the LCA model. The results showed that from 2011 to 2021, the total annual carbon emissions during the entire life cycle of animal husbandry in Shiyan City were 112 400 to 198 400 tons, the total grassland carbon pool was 838 600 to 1 489 300 tons, and the total annual net carbon emissions during the entire life cycle were -1 324 800 to -640 800 tons. In addition, the research on the technological path and ecological strategies for achieving low-carbon development of animal husbandry in Shiyan City was conducted, with the aim of providing a basis for better promoting low-carbon and ecological development of animal husbandry, and implementing energy conservation, emission reduction, and resource utilization of livestock and poultry waste.

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Study on composting fermentation conditions of Chinese medicine residue of Compound Fuqing Lotion

ZHOU Can, LIU Ren-yang, LIANG Xiao-xia, DI Shi-wen, SHI Jin-min, ZHANG Ze-zhi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 41-45. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.008

Abstract （102）

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To explore the composting fermentation condition of Chinese medicine residue of Compound Fuqing Lotion, four composting methods such as aerobic artificial fermentation, aerobic natural fermentation, anaerobic artificial fermentation and anaerobic natural fermentation were used, and the changes of temperature, electrical conductivity, pH, seed germination index, total phosphorus content and the ratio of carbon and nitrogen （C/N） were monitored in the composting process. The results showed that the aerobic artificial fermentation composting was the best preparation method of Chinese Medicine residue of Compound Fuqing Lotion, which had high compost temperature and a fast maturity schedule. The composting fermentation condition of Chinese Medicine residue of Compound Fuqing Lotion was as follows： Moisture content was 60%, pH was 6~8, Rw composting agent proportion was 0.1 g/kg, and the number of compost turnovers per day was once or twice.

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Preliminary construction of soil health evaluation index for facility watermelon cultivation in Wuhan City

HUANG Xiang, WANG Su-ping, ZENG Fan-ju, CHEN Gang, HONG Juan, DU Lei, CHENG Wei-shun, ZHANG Gui-you, LUO Xi, JIANG Li, ZHANG Li-hong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 46-50. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.009

Abstract （96）

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The samples of soil （0~20 cm） and agricultural products of facility cultivation watermelon [Citrullus lanatus （Thunb.） Matsum. & Nakai] were collected from major agricultural production areas in Wuhan City, and the physical and chemical indexes, the number of microorganisms of soil, and the quality indexes of agricultural products were detected. The results showed that the spatial variation of soil pH was from 4.91 to 7.16, and the variation of organic matter content was from 9.43 g/kg to 30.75 g/kg. The content of nitrate nitrogen in planting soil was very rich, and the content of available phosphorus and available potassium was at a high level. The soil bulk density and soil compactness were relatively close, and the soil water holding capacity in the field was different with different methods. The quantity of fungi in soil under facility cultivation did not change much, while the number of bacteria and actinomycetes fluctuated obviously. The soil health evaluation indexes of facility cultivation watermelon in Wuhan City were screened by principal component analysis method, and pH, available potassium, organic matter content, nitrate nitrogen, field water holding capacity and bacterial quantity were selected as evaluation indexes.

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Multi scenario simulation of cultivated land landscape pattern in Western Hubei mountainous area based on PLUS model

PENG Hong-bing, SONG Jian, YIN Wen, QIAN Zhao-dong, TENG Xin, MENG Xue

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 51-59. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.010

Abstract （122）

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Taking 19 counties （cities, districts） in Western Hubei as the research object, the PLUS model was used to simulate the temporal and spatial evolution law of cultivated land landscape under the constraints of natural conditions and the dual constraints of natural and socio-economic conditions, and clarify the important influencing factors of cultivated land landscape pattern. The results showed that the number of cultivated land in Western Hubei would still show a downward trend in the future. The main factors affecting cultivated land change were elevation, vegetation cover and hydrological conditions. The spatial distribution pattern of patch shape was significantly affected by topography, which was characterized by superior in the north and inferior in the south; in terms of time change, the cultivated land patch shape showed an obvious trend of optimization and development. In terms of patch pattern, the overall spatial aggregation, connectivity and fragmentation of the cultivated land patch in Western Hubei were poor, and there was a risk of continuous deterioration of cultivated land patch pattern. The difference of multi scenario simulation showed that the regular development of the cultivated land patch would be limited by social and economic activities, and only driven by natural conditions, the cultivated land landscape was easier to develop in the direction of complexity and fragmentation.

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Control effects of nano-grade copper 80% Bordeaux mixture wettable powder on leaf spot diseases of tobacco

MA Xin, KOU Bao-shi, LI Ji-bo, PENG Chao, LIU Qian-wen, GAO Meng-meng, ZHANG Chong, GU Ming

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 60-64. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.011

Abstract （114）

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A new pesticide, nano-grade copper 80% Bordeaux mixture wettable powder, was used as the test agent and conventional 80% Bordeaux mixture wettable powder was used as the control agent. Field control experiments were carried out in Kaiyuan City and Fengcheng City of Liaoning Province for two years for 4 major leaf spot diseases of tobacco, including angular spot, wild fire, target spot and brown spot diseases. The results showed that compared with the conventional 80% Bordeaux mixture wettable powder, the nano-grade copper 80% Bordeaux mixture wettable powder had a better control effect on tobacco angular spot, wild fire, target spot and brown spot diseases. The dosage of 1 050 g/hm² was applied twice continuously, and the best control effects were 75.61%, 76.90%, 81.35% and 60.71%, respectively. In order to verify the safety of nano-grade copper 80% Bordeaux mixture wettable powder, the agronomic characteristics of tobacco plants were investigated in Kaiyuan City experimental field. The results showed that the plant height was 118.12 cm, the stem circumference was 9.11 cm, the effective leaf number was 21.51, and the max leaf area was 2 487.18 cm², which were all slightly higher than those of the control agent, and this new pesticide had no adverse effect on the growth and development of tobacco plants.

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Optimization of extraction process of total flavonoids from Pueraria montana and it’s antibacterial and antioxidant activities

ZHENG Min, SU Fu-lian, YUAN Ming-yuan, LIU Yu, HUANG Dong-hai, ZHANG Wei, LI Yu, LIAO Lu-jing, LUO Kai, HE Mei-jun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 65-72. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.012

Abstract （115）

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The antibacterial and antioxidant activities of total flavonoids from Pueraria montana （Loureiro） Merrill were studied. The water extraction technology of Pueraria montana was optimized by the single factor test and response surface method. The total flavonoids were characterized by ultraviolet spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography. The biological activities of total flavonoids were evaluated by agar diffusion method, with DPPH·, ABTS⁺· and total reduction capacity as indicators. The results showed that the optimized extraction process of total flavonoids from Pueraria montana was as follows： Solid-liquid ratio （m∶V,g∶mL） of 1∶16, extraction time of 69 min, extraction times of 3 times, and the total flavonoids yield was 7.690%. Nine common flavonoids were detected in the optimized total flavonoids of Pueraria montana, the total content of which accounted for 91.81%. The total flavonoids of Pueraria montana had different antibacterial activities against 11 strains tested, and it was found to be moderately sensitive to Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus thuringiensis for the first time, with MIC of 250, 500 mg/mL, respectively. It had strong scavenging ability and total reduction ability, and the IC₅₀ of DPPH· and ABTS⁺· free radicals were 0.398, 0.189 mg/mL, respectively.

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The effects of exogenous selenium on growth and content of active ingredients on Asparagus cochinchinensis

LIU Xiao-qin, YAO Zi-yan, LIAO Ying-jie, WU Yun, CHEN Xiao-chun, LIAO Chao-lin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 73-77. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.013

Abstract （110）

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Under the condition of applying exogenous selenium by root irrigation, the growth of Asparagus cochinchinensis （stem length, root number, root length, root diameter, root dry weight） and the change rule of active ingredient content in Asparagus cochinchinensis root were studied. The results showed that adding 10~40 mg/L exogenous selenium to soil during planting Asparagus cochinchinensis was beneficial to the growth of Asparagus cochinchinensis. When the concentration of exogenous selenium was 30 mg/L, the number of root tuber per plant of Asparagus cochinchinensis was the highest. When the concentration of selenium reached 50 mg/L, it had an inhibitory effect on the number of Asparagus cochinchinensis root tuber. When the concentration of exogenous selenium was 40 mg/L, the stem length, root length, root diameter and root dry weight of Asparagus cochinchinensis were the best. When the concentration of exogenous selenium was 10~50 mg/L, it could promote the accumulation of active ingredients. The overall optimal concentration of exogenous selenium for the accumulation of polysaccharides, saponins, and flavonoids in Asparagus cochinchinensis was 30 mg/L.

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Quantitative analysis of main agronomic characters about Gastrodia elata BI. f. elata from Dejiang

HUANG Xiao-run, LIU Qin-cheng, ZHANG Li-na, ZENG Xian-qiang, HUANG Wan-bing, YANG Tong-jing, ZHU Guo-sheng, GUI Yang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 78-83. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.014

Abstract （110）

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The 18 agronomic traits of 638 Gastrodia elata BI. f. elata were studied, and the coefficient of variation, correlation, factor and path analysis were carried out. The results showed that among the aboveground agronomic traits of Gastrodia elata BI. f. elata, there were high consistency and specificity in stem diameter, perianth tube length, perianth tube width, ovary length, fruit length and fruit width, and the direct positive effects of factor contribution rate and path analysis were also large; among the main agronomic traits in the underground part, the variation coefficient of longitudinal length, transverse length and ring number was small, and had a significant correlation with the fresh weight of the single tuber, and the direct positive effect of factor contribution rate and path analysis was also large. The main agronomic traits mentioned above could be used as the key traits for quality control and variety breeding of Gastrodia elata BI. f. elata from Dejiang.

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The sedation and hypnosis effect of volatile oil from the root of Jasminum sambac based on the GC-MS and network pharmacology

CHEN Rui, PAN Xiao-fang, YANG Nan, HUO Li-ni, CHEN Yang-ling, LIANG Tian Jian

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 84-91. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.015

Abstract （102）

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The mechanism of sedation and hypnosis effect of volatile oil from the root of Jasminum sambac based on the GC-MS and network pharmacology was explored. The volatile oil components in the roots of Jasminum sambac were analyzed using GC-MS technology; potential targets were screened using databases such as TCMSP and Swiss Target Prediction, and relevant targets of “insomnia” were queried using the CTD （http：//ctdbase.org/） database; intersection targets were obtained using the Venny mapping software（https：//bioinfogp.cnb.csic.es/tools/Venny/index.html）, and a protein-protein interaction network （PPI） was constructed using the STRING database （https：//string-db.org/cgi/input.pl） to screen core targets of action; an active ingredient-target-pathway network diagram was created using Cytoscape 3.7.2 software, and main targets and signaling pathways were predicted through GO annotation and KEGG enrichment analysis; finally, the docking between the main active ingredients and their core targets was verified using the molecular docking software SYBYL. The results showed that a total of 23 compounds were identified from the roots of Jasminum sambac, and 12 active components and 77 targets were screened. It mainly acted on multiple targets such as CYP19A1, NCOA2, PTGS1, AR, SLC6A2 and CA1, and affected multiple signaling pathways such as neuroactive ligand receptor interactions and cancer pathways, thereby exerting its effects. The molecular docking results showed that most active ingredients had good binding performance with their core targets, mainly interacting through hydrophobic bonds and hydrogen bonds.

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Effects of different substrate ratios on the growth of container seedlings of Machilus breviflora

DING Yue-lian, WANG Bing-qing, CHEN Jie, WAN Li-xin, ZHOU Jian-ying, WANG Zhi-yun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 92-96. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.016

Abstract （96）

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Aiming to explore the best substrate for the growth of container seedlings of Machilus breviflora, the growth of container seedlings of Machilus breviflora by taking yellow heart soil, peat soil, coconut bran, perlite and organic fertilizer as experimental materials and combining them into ten kinds of mixed substrates through different matrix ratios were studied. The results showed that different matrix ratios had obvious effects on the growth, biomass and leaf chlorophyll SPAD value of Machilus breviflora. The results of principal component analysis showed that the comprehensive score of Machilus breviflora was the highest with the best growth when the matrix ratio was 15% yellow core soil + 50% peat soil + 20% coconut bran + 10% perlite + 5% organic fertilizer.

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Characteristics analysis and comprehensive evaluation of new varieties of potted Asian lily

WANG Ai-ai, LUO Dong-yu, ZHANG Ying, YANG Fang, YANG Sheng-nan, LIN Jiao, LUO Chun-xia, ZHOU Jia-hua

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 97-101. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.017

Abstract （113）

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Five new potted Asian lily varieties were used as introduction materials, 18 botanical traits were observed and counted, the phonological phase, stem and leaf traits, flowering traits and comprehensive resistance of potted Asian lily varieties were comprehensively evaluated and compared by scoring method, and a comprehensive evaluation system of Asian potted lily was established, aiming to select potted lily varieties and breeding materials suitable for spreading and planting in Jingmen and even the whole Yangtze River basin. The results showed that, Trendy Havana, Lava Joy, Classic Joy, Trendy Nicosia and Blushing Joy were all suitable for introduction and cultivation in Jingmen City. The height of the potted Asian lily plants tested was 31.9~46.0 cm, the plant type was compact, and they all bloomed in May. The duration from planting to flowering was 48~64 d, the overall flowering period was 18~28 days, and the average number of flower buds was 3~5. All of them were single-petal flowers, the flower was dish-shape or bowl-shape, the flower shape was upright, and the flower color was bright and rich. Trendy Havana and Lava Joy showed better performance, with long flowering periods, high ornamental value and good adaptability. Trendy Nicosia should be paid attention to the protection of aphids during planting.

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Effects of dissolved oxygen and nitrite on the incubation time of Charybdis feriatus egg

ZOU Xiong, YANG Ming-qiu, PU Li-yun, LU Jian-xue, XIA Lian-jun, LIU Xin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 102-105. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.018

Abstract （101）

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The effects of dissolved oxygen and nitrite on the incubation time of Charybdis feriatus egg were studied. The results showed that the concentration of dissolved oxygen and nitrite had a significant impact on the incubation time of Charybdis feriatus egg; when the dissolved oxygen content in seawater was within the range of 2~12 mg/L, Charybdis feriatus could be incubated normally. Within this range, as the dissolved oxygen content in seawater increased, the incubation time of Charybdis feriatus egg gradually decreased; nitrite concentration had a significant impact on the incubation duration of Charybdis feriatus egg. When the concentration was lower than 50 mg/L, it was suitable for the incubation of Charybdis feriatus egg. When the concentration of nitrite was lower than 25 mg/L, the incubation duration of Charybdis feriatus egg in each stage was shorter.

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Effects of monthly satiation degree on growth performance, body composition, immunity and water quality of juveniles grass carp

GUO Wei, WANG Min, YANG Hui-jun, MO Ai-jie, YUAN Yong-chao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 106-112. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.019

Abstract （102）

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In order to explore the effects of monthly satiation degree on the feeding, growth, immunity of juvenile grass carp （Ctenopharyngodon idellus） and the water quality index of farmed aquatic fish ponds, juvenile grass carp with body weight of （18.10 ± 0.09） g was selected as the test subjects for a period of 60 days. The juveniles were fed at four levels of 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% of monthly satiation degree. The results showed that： ① The weight gain rate and specific growth rate of the test fish were significantly positively correlated with the monthly satiety, and the treatment group with monthly satiation degree of 100% showed the best specific growth rate （2.02%/d）, but had no obvious difference compared with the treatment group with monthly satiation degree of 90% （P>0.05）; the feed coefficient of the test fish was significantly negatively correlated with the monthly satiety, the test fish with monthly satiation degree of 90% had the lowest feed coefficient （1.16±0.04）, while the test fish with monthly satiation degree of 70% had the highest feed coefficient （1.43±0.07）. ② Different monthly satiation degrees had a certain impact on the survival rate and morphological indicators of the test fish, among which the test fish with monthly satiation degree of 100% had the lowest survival rate, but their hepotasomatic index and condition factor were the highest. ③ The difference in the muscle nutrient composition of the test fish under different monthly satiety levels was not significant （P>0.05）, while the crude fat content in the whole fish nutrient content was significantly positively correlated with the monthly satiation degree （P<0.05）. ④During the test period, the contents of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and phosphate in the cultured water bodies increased significantly with the increase of monthly satiety （P<0.05）, but the monthly satiety had no significant effect on the nitrogen nitrite nitrogen in the cultured waters and the serum antioxidant index of the test fish （P>0.05）.

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Effect of isolating female from male culture on the culture performance and gonad development of Procambarus clarkii

HU Qian, WANG Qi-shuai, LIU Xiao-long, LI Yan-he

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 113-117. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.020

Abstract （105）

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In order to explore the effect of Procambarus clarkii culture, the growth, survival, disability and gonad development of Procambarus clarkii were investigated under three culture modes including female mono-sex, male mono-sex and mixed culture. The results showed that there was no significant effect on body weight of Procambarus clarkii （P>0.05） under different aquaculture modes, the survival rate of female mono-sex on the 90th day was the highest （74.17%） and the disability rate was the lowest （5.62%）, the average body weight of male crayfish in mixed culture was always higher than that of female crayfish, while the survival rate and disability rate of female crayfish were always higher than those of male crayfish, and the gonad development degree of female crayfish in female mono-sex was higher than that in mixed culture.

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Research on the preparation and antibacterial activity of composite films of grape seed extract

GENG Zhi, FU Jia-le, GUO Wan-ting

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 118-124. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.021

Abstract （103）

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Chitosan and sodium alginate were used as film forming materials and glycerin as the plasticizer. The effects of chitosan, sodium alginate, glycerin concentration and grape seed extract on tensile strength and elongation at the break of composite films were investigated by the single factor test, and the orthogonal test was established on this basis. The antibacterial activity of the composite films of grape seed extract against Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus was determined by the K-B method.The results showed that the best composite films forming process was sodium alginate concentration of 2.00%, chitosan concentration of 1.50%, glycerin concentration of 0.2%, and grape seed extract of 20%. The composite films had antibacterial activity against all four control bacteria, with the best effect against Escherichia coli, its antibacterial sphere diameter of 7.4 mm and the worst antibacterial effect against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The test method was simple and rapid, and the composite films were stable, with certain mechanical properties, appropriate transparency and water absorption. Adding grape seed extract could increase the antibacterial properties of the composite films, which provided a new idea for the preparation of antibacterial composite films and provided reference for the preparation of film products in the food preservation industry.

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Optimization of mycelium culture conditions for bag cultivation of Pleurotus citrinopileatus by response surface methodology

ZHANG Chun-yan, LI He, HU Pan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 125-130. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.022

Abstract （96）

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Pleurotus citrinopileatus was used as the test material, and the single factor test of the culture conditions was performed based on the best bag culture with sterilized raw materials. On the basis of the single factor experiment, the response surface optimization experiment was carried out with the mycelium growth rate as the response value by using the Box-Behnken central combination principle, and the optimization research was carried out on four different culture conditions in mycelium culture, including inoculum volume, pH, temperature and water content of culture material. The results showed that the influence of the four factors on the mycelium growth rate of Pleurotus citrinopileatus was temperature > inoculum volume > pH > water content of culture material. The optimal culture condition was inoculum volume of 7%, pH of 6.5, temperature of 26 ℃, and water content of culture material of 65%. Under this culture condition, the mycelium growth rate of Pleurotus citrinopileatus could reach 9.99 mm/d.

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The extraction process of the sterols from faba pods and its kinetic investigation and thermodynamic analysis

YANG Xu, ZHU Ai-shi, LIAO Yu-chen

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 131-136. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.023

Abstract （94）

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In order to improve the utilization rate of the byproduct old faba pods, the extraction technology of the sterols from faba pods was studied with ethanol aqueous solution as the extraction agent, and the kinetic investigation and thermodynamic analysis of the extraction process were carried out. The optimal liquid-solid ratio, ethanol volume fraction and stirring rate were determined by single factor test investigation; the relationship between sterols concentration and extraction time was measured at different extraction temperatures, the first-order kinetic plate model was used to fit the experimental data; the activation energy, internal diffusion coefficient, Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy of the extraction process of sterols from faba pods were calculated. The results showed that the sterols were successfully extracted from faba pods, and the yield of sterols was 6.2 mg/g. The liquid-solid ratio, ethanol volume fraction, stirring rate, extraction temperature and extraction time had effects on sterols yield. The suitable extraction process was the liquid-solid ratio of 20∶1, ethanol volume fraction of 80%, stirring rate of 200 r/min, and extraction time of 1.0 h. The first-order kinetic plate model was suitable for describing the extraction process of sterols. The activation energy of extraction was 22.50 kJ/mol in the range of temperatures examined. The internal diffusion coefficient increased from 2.08×10^-10 m²/min to 4.95×10^-10 m²/min with increasing extraction temperature. The Gibbs free energy of the extraction process was less than zero at all extraction temperatures, indicating that the extraction of sterol from old faba pods was a spontaneous process. The enthalpy and entropy of the extraction process of sterols from faba pods were 28.26 kJ/mol and 102.26 J/（mol·K）, which indicated that the extraction process of sterols from faba pods was endothermic and increased entropy. The results could provide reference for large-scale application of the extraction of faba pods sterols.

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Processing technology and safety evaluation of Stropharia rugosoannulata instant products

WANG Rui, XIE Zheng-lin, XU Jun-qi, LIN Yu-wen, WU Meng-ya

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 137-142. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.024

Abstract （86）

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The fresh Stropharia rugosoannulata was used as processing raw material to study the key processing technology of hardening and flavoring of instant products of Stropharia rugosoannulata. The results showed that the optimal solution for hardening of Stropharia rugosoannulata was to soak in 0.1% CaCl₂ and 0.7% NaCl,and the treatment time was 30 min; according to the fuzzy evaluation results and response surface methodology, the optimal formula for optimizing the taste was 2.6% salt, 2.1% soy sauce, and 0.6% spice. The sensory score was （79.2±0.1）points. After testing 5 kinds of pyrethrin pesticides commonly used in Stropharia rugosoannulata instant products, 3 kinds were not detected and 2 kinds were detected, but the detected content was much lower than the specified maximum limit value, indicating that they were generally safe. The research results could enrich the processing categories of Stropharia rugosoannulata and provide reference for the sensory fuzzy judgment of instant products.

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Analysis of the interannual change characteristics of food production and consumption and food supply safety in China

YANG Ying, QIAN Yu-ting, WANG Xia, XIE Biao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 143-148. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.025

Abstract （91）

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By collecting data, the changes of China’s food production and consumption system from 1961 to 2018 were analyzed, and the trend rules of the production and consumption system were summarized. According to the characteristics of this change, the current safety situation and future trend of food supply in China were discussed. The results showed that with the improvement of the living standard of Chinese residents, the proportion of plant food in the annual production and consumption of Chinese residents decreased slightly, but it still accounted for 88.33% of food production and 88.58% of food consumption in 2018. The proportion of animal food production and consumption increased as a whole, production increased from 3.19% in 1961 to 11.01% in 2018, and consumption increased from 3.19% in 1961 to 10.67% in 2018. The diet structure gradually tended to diversify. In terms of supply safety, the self-sufficiency rate of grain exceeded 95%, but the structural contradiction of food types was still prominent, and the import of beans, nuts, milk and aquatic products was in high demand. In the context of the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents （2016）, except for milk, the per capita food production of Chinese residents could fully meet all food needs in 2018. Finally, some suggestions for ensuring the safety of food supply were put forward from the aspects of production technology, production structure, agricultural policy and dietary pattern.

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Research on four colloids applied in fish balls

CHEN Jing-jing, ZHANG Peng-hui, YANG Chen-yu, HUANG Xian-qing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 149-154. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.026

Abstract （114）

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Taking the representative product of frozen meat products fish balls as the research object, the domestic freshwater silver carp surimi was used to compare the effects of carrageenan, konjac flour, sodium alginate, and sodium polyacrylate on the pH and production rate of fish surimi, as well as the whiteness and texture of quick-frozen fish balls. The results showed that adding sodium polyacrylate could improve the pH of fish surimi and the whiteness of the products; when konjac flour and sodium alginate were added, there was no significant difference in pH, texture and taste; adding carrageenan could enhance the springiness of fish balls. In general, the quality of fish balls could be improved significantly by using 0.30% carrageenan, 0.20% konjac flour and 0.20% sodium polyacrylate at the same time. It was of great significance to improve the taste of fish balls with domestic freshwater fish surimi as the main raw material and the development of China’s freshwater aquaculture industry.

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Effect of cosolvent extraction technology on the extraction rate and aroma components of different tobacco raw materials

XIAO Dong, CHEN Shao-quan, ZHU Ting, SHI Jian-quan, ZHU Ling-chao, ZHANG Meng-yuan, GUO Jian-song, LI Xiao-yi, LI Zhong-ren

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 155-158. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.027

Abstract （118）

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By using methods such as constant temperature water bath extraction, atmospheric pressure concentration, conventional chemical index detection, simultaneous distillation extraction, and GC-MS internal standard quantitative detection of aroma components, the extraction rate and changes in aroma components of tobacco raw materials after the addition of cosolvents （hop∶koji extract∶Tween 80=2∶5∶10, mass ratio） were analyzed. The results showed that after adding cosolvents to the tobacco raw materials for paper making, the extraction rates of all three tobacco raw materials increased. The extraction rates of tobacco stems, mixed raw materials, and tobacco fragments increased by 7.88, 0.12, and 0.09 percentage points, respectively. The extraction rates of reducing sugars, total alkaloids, total nitrogen, and chloride ions in tobacco raw materials with the addition of cosolvents were higher than those without the addition of cosolvents. After adding cosolvents to tobacco raw materials, the types and contents of ketones, aldehydes, furans, and esters increased, while the content of megastigmatrienone increased; after adding cosolvent to tobacco stems, the content of 5-methyl-2-furan methanol decreased. The addition of cosolvents could improve the extraction rate of tobacco raw materials and increase the aroma components content of some tobacco raw materials.

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A study on the factors influencing the use of agricultural APP by farmers based on canonical correlation analysis

QIAO Cheng-huan, QIAO Cheng-shuo, WANG Dong-qi, CUI Xian, CONG Lei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 159-164. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.028

Abstract （76）

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In order to compare the importance of various influencing factors in the promotion process of agricultural APP, farmers in Yantai City, Tai’an City, and Weihai City, Shandong Province were selected as the research objects. Typical correlation analysis methods were used to analyze subjective factors and objective factors on farmers’ use of agricultural APP. The results indicated that the degree of understanding of the software among subjective factors was the main factor determining whether to use agricultural APP, while whether traditional information channels met information needs was a secondary factor. When traditional information channels could not meet farmers’ information needs, it was beneficial for the promotion of the software;the average monthly frequency of obtaining technical guidance and the age of farmers were the main and secondary factors in objective factors, respectively. In summary, when promoting agricultural APP, the focus should be on farmers over 40 years old, and on areas where traditional information channels had developed well but couldn’t fully meet farmers’ needs for agricultural information. Emphasis should be placed on cultivating farmers’ software usage abilities.

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Research progress in crop disease and pest identification based on deep learning

LI Zheng, LI Bao-xi, LI Zhi-hao, ZHAN Yi-fang, WANG Li-hua, GONG Qi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 165-169. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.029

Abstract （236）

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In order to effectively prevent and control crop diseases and pests, and ensure crop health, rapid and accurate identification of crop diseases and pests was a prerequisite for effective prevention and control.A review was conducted on the research on crop pest and disease identification, summarizing the development process of crop pest and disease identification methods. The focus was on analyzing the network structure, modeling key links, and six typical architectural features of deep learning. Combined with current research hotspots and application prospects, prospects were made from the construction of public datasets, integration of multiple imaging technologies, and optimization of large model performance.

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Technical application of abandoned mines transforming into smart plant factory

ZENG Wei, ZHU Ke-jia

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 170-175. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.030

Abstract （98）

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In order to make scientific and reasonable secondary use of abandoned mines, relying on the reuse project of abandoned mines in Daye Copper Mine Area, Hubei Province, the construction was carried out through the intelligent cultivation system of plant factory, the intelligent regulation system of climate and environmental factors, and the low-carbon energy supply system. Based on WEB server, 5G internet of things and other technologies, the collaborative control of environmental factors （light, water, gas, fertilizer） had been realized, thus forming a production mode of agricultural factory with high degree of data and automation, and effectively promoting the technological application process of smart plant factory. An automatic transportation device was designed and developed to achieve precise positioning of the transportation of cultivation units. The transformation of abandoned mines into smart plant factory also promoted the innovation of relevant agricultural technologies. By selecting high value-added crop varieties for optimization of cultivation techniques, the maximization of resource value had been achieved. It provided the technical basis and practical reference for industrial transformation and upgrading of abandoned mines and resource depletion cities in China.

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Extracting rice planting area based on deep learning and remote sensing data

QIU Ru-qiong, PENG Shao-kun, LI Meng-fan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 176-182. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.031

Abstract （105）

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A pixel and multi-scale Deep Convolutional Neural Networks （DCNN） rice（Oryza sativa L.） remote sensing recognition model was constructed to address the issues of large sample collection workload, high sample labeling requirements, and difficulty in selecting the scale of rice receptive fields in existing rice （Oryza sativa L.） remote sensing recognition based on Deep Convolutional Neural Networks. Firstly, based on the distribution characteristics of rice planting, a pixel based DCNN extraction model was designed by integrating comprehensively the characteristics of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks methods;secondly, by combining multi-scale and DCNN, a multi-scale DCNN model was constructed to enhance the multi-scale characteristics of the receptive field; finally, in order to verify the effectiveness of the multi-scale DCNN model in extracting rice, the traditional machine learning SVM model, semantic segmentation D-Linknet model, and single-scale DCNN model were selected for classification accuracy comparison and analysis using Gaofen-1 and Gaofen-2 satellite images as data sources. The results showed that the accuracy, precision, recall, and equilibrium F-scores of the multi-scale DCNN model proposed in this study were 97.75%, 96.68%, 99.08%, and 97.85%, respectively;compared with other models, the multi-scale DCNN model had a simple structure, simple sample production, and high recognition accuracy, which had good application value.

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Strawberry fruit recognition algorithm based on improved Faster R-CNN model

LI Jia-jun, ZHU Zi-feng, LIU Hong-xin, SU Yu-rong, WEN Chuan-wen, ZHANG Yuan-sheng, ZHANG Hui-min, DENG Li-miao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 183-190. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.032

Abstract （120）

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In response to the problem of low recognition accuracy of the Faster R-CNN model for natural strawberries （Fragaria ananassa Duch.）, the Faster R-CNN model was improved by improving the RPN structure and replacing the backbone feature extraction network using live images of strawberries planted on ridges as the data source.The results showed that the improved Faster R-CNN model had an average precision （AP） of 0.893 0 when identifying mature strawberries and 0.820 7 when identifying immature strawberries. The accuracy of strawberry recognition reached a high level, solving the problem of difficulty in identifying immature strawberries.Meanwhile, in order to test the automatic counting performance of the model, a linear regression between automatic counting and manual counting was established based on the recognition results of the model. The correlation coefficients of mature and immature strawberries were 0.973 7 and 0.944 7, respectively. The high correlation between automatic counting and manual counting indicated that the improved Faster R-CNN model had high recognition performance and counting ability.

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Selection pressure and gene recombination analysis of waterfowl parvovirus

WANG Hong-cai, SHANG Yu, GUO Yun-qing, ZENG Zhe, ZHANG Rong-rong, WEN Guo-yuan, LUO Qing-ping

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 191-197. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.033

Abstract （89）

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By conducting PCR detection, genome sequencing, and evolutionary analysis on clinical waterfowl parvovirus, the genotype of the isolated strain was determined.Further selection pressure and gene recombination analysis were conducted on the genome of the isolated strains using Paml and RDP software to determine the evolutionary trend of the isolated strains. The results showed that the three strains of waterfowl parvovirus isolated belonged to the novel goose parvovirus, named YiCH strain, AnQ strain, and XiY strain, with genome lengths of 5 056, 5 056, and 5 068 bp, respectively. The three isolates had the closest phylogenetic relationship with the novel goose parvovirus M15 strain, with 6 base insertions at positions 191~196 and 4 878~4 883 in the ITR region at both ends of the XiY strain. Selection pressure analysis was conducted on the isolated strains, and three positive selection sites were detected for the VP protein of the isolated strains, namely 116Q, 261A, and 485S. Recombination analysis showed that both the YiCH and AnQ strains exhibited recombination phenomenon, with XiY strain as the main parent strain and GPV 06-0329 strain as the secondary parent strain.

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Expression and biological activity of Bacillus sp. glycosyl hydrolase GH489

TINA Yu-xi, DU Si-yuan, YU Xiao-hua, XIA Hao-tian, LIU Xiao-yan, MIN Yong, CHEN Ling, ZHU Lei, QIU Yi-min

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 198-201. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.034

Abstract （93）

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In order to investigate the biological activity of Bacillus sp. glycosyl hydrolase GH489, the target gene gh489 was amplified by designing specific primers,the recombinant GH489 protein was expressed using the Escherichia coli prokaryotic expression system, and the target protein was isolated and purified using histidine tags. The acaricidal activity of Bacillus sp. glycosyl hydrolase GH489 against Tetranychus urticae was detected. The results showed that the recombinant GH489 protein expressed by Escherichia coli BL21 （DE3） was a soluble protein with a molecular weight of approximately 57 kDa. The purified GH489 recombinant protein showed good acaricidal activity,after 24 hours of treatment, the half lethal concentration （LC₅₀） of Tetranychus urticae was 30.296 μg/mL, and after 48 hours of treatment, the half lethal concentration （LC₅₀） of Tetranychus urticae was 21.212 μg/mL.

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Study on the differentiation of watermelon cotyledon explants by ALS inhibitor herbicides

WAN Li-li, WANG Zhuan-rong, TANG Mi, ZENG Hong-xia, ZHANG Xue-jun, ZHANG Na, REN Jian, SUN Yu-hong, ZHU Zhi-kun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 202-206. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.035

Abstract （97）

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Using the cotyledons of watermelon inbred line D66 as explants, the explants were placed on a screening medium containing different concentrations of acetolactate synthase （ALS） inhibitor herbicides （SU herbicides, IMI herbicides）, and the optimal herbicide concentration was determined based on the differentiation rate of the explants. The effect of different plant growth regulators （6-BA, NAA） concentration ratios on the proliferation of adventitious buds was explored. The results showed that the optimal concentrations of tribenuron-methy1 and thifensulfuron-methy1 in SU herbicides were both 0.25 mg/L, while the optimal concentration of bensulfuron was 0.50 mg/L;the most suitable concentrations for IMI herbicides such imazaquin and imazapyr were both 1.50 mg/L;the highest proliferation rate of adventitious buds was observed in MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L NAA medium, which was 287.0%;the optimal concentration of herbicides determined based on watermelon inbred line D66 materials was also suitable for screening cotyledon explants of watermelon hybrids （Wunong 8, Black Beauty, Tianwang 1, Zaojia 8424）.

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Study on the factors influencing the adoption of plastic film treatment technology for farmers： Based on the investigation in Yuli County, Xinjiang

BA Yin-hua, YANG Zhi-ying, ARU Sulitan, SHAN Na-na

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 207-213. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.036

Abstract （91）

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Using the data of 226 questionnaires from the household survey in Yuli County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, combined with internal factors and external factors, the binary Logistic regression model was used to explore the influencing factors of the application of plastic film treatment technology for farmers, and analyze the main sources of internal factors and external factors. The results showed that the external factors had a significant positive predictive effect on supporting plastic film treatment technology. Developing technology applications, improving policy environment and enriching social networks could promote the adoption of plastic film treatment technology by farmers. In view of the present situation of plastic film pollution control, various measures should be taken to establish effective application mechanism of plastic film treatment technology, so as to improve the adoption efficiency.

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Study on agricultural production efficiency and its regional differentiation under the environment of unexpected output and external management

SUN Wu-jie, WANG Lei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 214-220. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.037

Abstract （99）

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Taking the unexpected output into account and stripping the impact of the external environment, the improved three-stage DEA model was used to calculate the national agricultural production efficiency from 2015 to 2019, and the regional differentiation was analyzed. The results showed that the external environmental factors had a significant impact on agricultural production efficiency. The per capita disposable income of farmers improved the allocation of land and irrigation factors, the urbanization level improved the operation efficiency of machinery, labor and chemical fertilizer, the local financial expenditure on agriculture, forestry and water affairs was not conducive to agricultural production efficiency, the improvement of education level promoted farmers’ ability to control machinery, land and other factors, and the development of industrialization drove the operation of agricultural machinery. After stripping the external environmental interference, the national agricultural production efficiency had changed significantly. The average comprehensive efficiency in five years had increased by 0.07, the pure technical efficiency had increased by 0.05 and the scale efficiency had decreased by 0.01. In the third stage, the national agricultural production efficiency was divided into four types. The efficiency “high high type” in the middle was mostly and evenly distributed; the east was second, but there was a slight imbalance in development, and some areas had been “low low type” for a long time; the efficiency distribution in the west was extremely uneven, and the polarization between “high high type” and “low low type” was serious.Based on this, the strategies were put forward to promote the agricultural construction from the perspectives of external environment and regional characteristics.

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Research on the influence of factor flow on the development of urban-rural integration in Shandong Province

DING Hui-yuan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 221-226. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.038

Abstract （98）

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Based on the actual situation and characteristics of urban-rural integration development in Shandong Province, the evaluation index system of urban-rural integration development level in Shandong Province was constructed from four dimensions： Factor integration, economic integration, social integration and ecological integration, and the change trend of urban-rural integration development level in 16 prefecture-level cities in Shandong Province from 2010 to 2019 was calculated and analyzed by means of entropy value; the spatial lag model was used to reveal the spatial spillover of urban-rural integration development in Shandong Province, and to judge the direction and degree of influence of various factors flow on urban-rural integration development. The results showed that from 2010 to 2019, the urban-rural integration in Shandong Province had been steadily promoted and the level had been continuously improved; the development of urban and rural integration among prefecture-level cities showed mutual promotion, and the spatial spillover effect was obvious; eight independent variables, such as population flow scale, urban scale and industrial structure, all played a positive role in promoting the urban-rural integration development in Shandong Province, but the degree of influence was different, and there was still room for progress.

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The influence of joining farmers’ professional cooperatives on rice farmers’ green production intention： Based on the investigation of Jianghan Plain

TONG Tong, WEI Jun-ying, HE Pu-ming

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 227-232. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.039

Abstract （109）

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Based on the micro-survey data of 410 farmers in Jianghan Plain, the influence of joining farmers’ professional cooperatives on rice farmers’ green production intention was discussed, and the mediating role of agricultural technology training was analyzed. Logit model and mediation model were used for analysis, and KHB test was used to measure the total effect, direct effect and indirect effect. The results showed that farmers’ professional cooperatives had a positive effect on the green production intention of rice farmers at a significant level of 1%. Technical training played an important mediating role in farmers’ professional cooperatives in influencing rice farmers’ willingness to green rice production. The total effect and direct effect of participation in farmers’ professional cooperatives on rice farmers’ green production willingness were 2.653 and 2.097, and the indirect effect through agricultural technology training was 0.556, which passed the test at the significant level of 1%, 1% and 5%, respectively. Participation in farmers’ professional cooperatives had a significant impact on rice farmers’ willingness to adopt green production, and agricultural technology training played a part of the intermediary role. According to this, some policy suggestions were put forward, such as perfecting the specific contents of farmers’ professional cooperatives, standardizing the incentive and constraint mechanism of green production, establishing and perfecting the green production guidance system of farmers’ professional cooperatives, and constructing the systematic project of rice green development.

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Evaluation of green agricultural development level in Xinjiang under the background of rural revitalization

MA Teng-fei, LIU Jing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 233-239. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.040

Abstract （98）

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Based on the relevant data of agricultural green development in Xinjiang from 2010 to 2019, the entropy weight method was used to calculate the weight of each index, so as to evaluate the level of agricultural green development in Xinjiang. The results showed that the overall agricultural green development level of Xinjiang showed an upward trend from 2010 to 2019, which was characterized by a decline of agricultural green development level in the early stage and a steady improvement in the later stage. Among them, the factors of ecological protection level had a greater contribution to the green development of agriculture. From the specific indicators analysis： Waterlogging area, chemical oxygen demand emissions, fertilizer use per unit of cultivated land area, etc., had a greater impact on the green development of agriculture. In order to promote the steady improvement of Xinjiang’s agricultural green development level in the future, it was proposed to increase capital investment, promote soil erosion control and waterlogging control, increase incentives and guidance, promote the reduction and efficiency of chemical fertilizer and agricultural film, strengthen law enforcement and supervision, and continue to reduce the emission of chemical oxygen demand. At the same time, it was necessary to strengthen scientific research and innovation in the agricultural field, and continue to increase Xinjiang’s grain output.

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“Three pillars” path research on N-city time bank sustainable development under the background of active aging

CHEN Ji-hua, SU Huan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 240-244. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.041

Abstract （90）

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In order to understand the development of the time bank's mutual care service model for the elderly, a questionnaire survey and field investigation were conducted in N-city, and it was learned that the current time bank in N-city was still in the exploration and development stage, with problems such as a small number of volunteers, low popularity, low service quality, and difficult interconnection of pension data. Therefore, it was proposed that under the background of active aging, the optimization path of the pension model of N-city time bank could be constructed through the “three pillars”, namely, the three dimensions of national health, social participation and policy guarantee, and the localization development of time bank could be made into the characteristics of N-city and form the experience of N-city.

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The path of digital technology empowering high quality development of farmers’ cooperatives

WANG Shan-shan, NAN Kai-qiang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 245-251. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.042

Abstract （115）

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By analyzing the significance and existing difficulties of high-quality development of farmers’ cooperatives from the perspective of digital technology, targeted suggestions were proposed. Research had shown that with the acceleration of digital rural construction and the increase in the number of farmers’ cooperatives, problems such as poor digital operation capabilities, weak service guarantee and driving capacity of farmers, shortage of digital technology talents, and low degree of industrial integration development were gradually emerging, affecting the digital development process of farmers’ cooperatives. In order to achieve the sustainable and healthy development of farmers’ cooperatives, farmers’ cooperatives needed to strengthen their digital operation and management capabilities, accelerate the digital development of farmers’ cooperatives consortium, enhance their digital service guarantee capabilities, establish a digital technology talent system, and improve their digital application level, in order to help farmers’ cooperatives achieve high-quality development and promote the revitalization of digital rural areas.

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The dilemma and optimization path in development of rural mutual support for the aged：Based on the perspective of social action theory

ZHU Cheng-jie

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (11): 252-257. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.11.043

Abstract （97）

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In order to achieve rural revitalization and enhance the life happiness of the rural elderly, mutual support for the aged has become the preferred choice. Under the impact of the real environment of the rural population aging, the rural mutual support for the aged realized welfare production through the mutual aid behavior of the main body. Based on the analytical framework for social action, the dilemma of unsustainable development of mutual support for the aged from perspectives of goal, action, and environment was explained. In view of the development dilemma of rural mutual support for the aged, it was proposed to build a mutual aid behavior incentive mechanism to solve the goal dilemma, introduce social capital to solve the action dilemma, and use rural revitalization to solve the environment dilemma. The sustainable development of rural mutual support for the aged was promoted by reshaping rural culture, enriching rural elderly care resources and mobilizing the enthusiasm of villagers.

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Breeding and application of a new two-line hybrid rice combination E Liangyou Yingsi

JIN Wei-bing, NIE Ya-lin, XIA Ming-yuan, SUN Xiao-qiong, QI Hua-xiong, WAN Bing-liang, ZHONG Yu-ping, SHAO Jian, LI Jin-bo

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 1-3，8. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.001

Abstract （176）

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E Liangyou Yingsi is a new two-line hybrid rice（Oryza sativa L.） combination bred jointly by Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Hubei Huichuzhi Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., with Enong 1S as the female parent and restorer line Yingsi as the male parent. The combination participated in the regional test of mid-season rice late-maturing group in Hubei Province’s Seed Industry Innovation Testing Consortium from 2021 to 2022 and the production test in 2022, showing the characteristics of high yield, good resistance and suitable maturity. The combination was approved by Hubei Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee in August 2023 （Eshendao 20230031）. The breeding process of E Liangyou Yingsi was introduced, its main characteristics, yield, resistance and grain quality performance were expounded, and its key cultivation techniques were summarized.

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Genetic diversity analysis and comprehensive evaluation of summer maize varieties in Xiangyang City

GUO Li, MA Xian-bin, LI Xin-yan, HU Fei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 4-8. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.002

Abstract （153）

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In order to fully understand and evaluate the excellent characteristics and comprehensive performance of the summer maize （Zea mays L.） varieties that were popularized and applied in the seed market in Xiangyang City, and provide reference for local breeding and promotion of the excellent summer maize varieties, the genetic diversity of 13 agronomic traits of 20 summer maize varieties in the seed market of Xiangyang City was analyzed and the comprehensive evaluation of these summer maize varieties was carried out. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of 13 traits ranged from 3.77% to 58.67%, among which the coefficient of variation of seed rate was the lowest and the coefficient of variation of bald tip was the highest. The genetic diversity coefficient of the traits ranged from 1.59 to 1.97, among which the genetic diversity coefficient of ear size was the lowest, and the genetic diversity coefficient of 100 grain weight was the highest, but on the whole, the genetic diversity coefficient of each trait was relatively low, and the genetic variation richness of varieties was in general level. Accumulated variance contribution of the top 5 factors reached 89.897%, based on this, an adaptive comprehensive evaluation model was constructed to calculate the comprehensive score of the varieties. The summer maize varieties with higher evaluation scores were Xianzhiyuan 66, Dingyou 220 and Woyu No.3, which had better comprehensive performance among the 13 traits measured. The cluster analysis of 20 varieties was divided into 6 groups.

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Breeding of new maize variety Jinyu2002

YANG Hu, ZHOU Gang, CAO Yong-sheng, CHEN Guang-yong, QIN Guang-ming, LI Meng, TANG Yu-cheng, SONG Wei, ZHANG Shi-hong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 9-12，17. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.003

Abstract （122）

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Jinyu2002 is a common corn （Zea mays L.） hybrid made of inbred line WD11 as the female parent and inbred line DH-15 as the male parent. In the regional test of Hubei Province from 2020 to 2021, the average yield of Jinyu2002 was 9 656.9 kg/hm², which increased by 5.9% compared with the control variety Huayu 11. The variety was approved by Hubei Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2022. The breeding objective, breeding thought, breeding process, parents and variety characteristics, test results, advantages, matters needing attention in production, cultivation techniques and seed production techniques of Jinyu 2002 were introduced.

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Effects of alternate wetting and drying on lodging resistance and yield of direct-seeded ratooning rice

LI Yi-yue, LI Yang, ZHANG Zuo-lin, WANG Ben-fu, ZHANG Zhi-sheng, CHENG Jian-ping

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 13-17. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.004

Abstract （106）

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To choose a suitable water management method for direct-seeded ratoon rice（Oryza sativa L.）, a field experiment was conducted using ratooning rice Fengliangyouxiang No.1 with three irrigation regimes, including conventional irrigation （CI）, alternate wetting and moderate drying irrigation （AWMD） and alternate wetting and severe drying irrigation （AWSD）, the effects of alternate wetting and drying irrigation on lodging index of rice stem, morphological characters of rice stem, yield in main and ratoon seasons and the relationship between lodging and yield were studied. The results showed that the yield of main season rice was the highest in alternate wetting and moderate drying irrigation treatment, which was 8.53 t/hm², and the grain number per panicle in alternate wetting and moderate drying irrigation treatment increased significantly by 26.11% and 3.73% compared with conventional irrigation and alternate wetting and severe drying irrigation treatment. The yield of ratoon season rice under alternate wetting and moderate drying irrigation treatment （7.12 t/hm²） was 14.47% and 9.54% higher than that of conventional irrigation and alternate wetting and severe drying irrigation. The annual yield of ratoon rice under alternate wetting and moderate drying irrigation was significantly higher than that of conventional irrigation and alternate wetting and severe drying irrigation（P<0.05）. Alternate wetting and moderate drying irrigation treatment reduced the lodging index of ratoon rice, improved its bending resistance, shifted the height of the stem center of gravity downwards, enhanced the thickness of the internode and stem wall, and thus improved the lodging resistance of ratoon rice. There was a significant positive correlation between ratoon rice yield and the lodging resistance（P<0.05）. In conclusion, the lodging resistance and yield of direct-seeded ratooning rice could be improved by alternate wetting and moderate drying irrigation.

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Study on yield characteristics and environmental adaptability of different maize varieties

DING Xiao-shuang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 18-22，28. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.005

Abstract （116）

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Seven maize （Zea mays L.） materials with different genetic backgrounds were selected to compare and analyze the differences in yield, growth period, average leaf area coefficient, photosynthetic potential, net assimilation rate, crop growth rate and environmental adaptability of each cultivar, in order to filter out the spring maize and summer maize varieties suitable for planting in Hubei Province. The results showed that the seven varieties showed differences between spring maize and summer maize, and the yield of spring maize showed certain advantages in general, and the differences between varieties were significant. When cultivated as spring maize, Yidan 629 and Denghai No.9 had higher yields, with yields of 8.34 t/hm² and 8.20 t/hm², respectively. When cultivated as summer maize, Yidan 629 had the highest yield of 6.78 t/hm² and had a higher leaf area coefficient, photosynthetic potential and crop growth rate. Under the same conditions of staining, pests and diseases, the emergence rate of Yidan 629 was 97.8%, which showed strong resistance to disease of maize and slight resistance to maize borer. This study showed that the northern varieties were not suitable for summer maize cultivation in Hubei Province, and according to the premise of high yield and good adaptability, Yidan 629 should be selected as spring maize and summer maize.

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The grey correlation analysis of main traits and yield of different wheat varieties

DAI Bao-sheng, LYU Rui-ling, HU Ya-ke, HUANG Xiao-li, YAN Zhen-hua, ZHANG Hua-chong, ZHAO Shu-qi, ZHANG Xin, LI Wei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 23-28. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.006

Abstract （127）

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In order to clarify the relationship between yield and the main traits of wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）, 44 wheat varieties in Hubei Provincial regional test from 2021 to 2022 were used as materials, and the correlation between yield and other agronomic traits, quality traits and disease resistance of different wheat varieties was explored by grey correlation analysis. The results showed that the correlation degree （r） between the yield and the main traits was in the descending order of growth period （r = 0.914 7）, the dry unit weight （r =0.899 0）, plant height （r=0.873 0）, thousands of grains （r=0.852 0）, the number of ears （r= 0.827 2）, water absorption （r=0.821 8）, crown protein content （r=0.814 8）, wet gluten content （r= 0.768 3）, the leaf blight rate （r= 0.522 2） and stable time （r= 0.425 6）. It showed that the factor that had the greatest impact on yield was growth period, followed by the dry unit weight and plant height; the factors with less impact on yeid were stable time and the leaf blight rate. In the breeding of new wheat varieties and the practice of high-yield cultivation, the main direction was the varieties with high dry unit weight and moderate growth period, and the selection of plant height was strengthened.

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Effects of different concentrations of rooting powder on rooting and cutting survival rate of sweet potato bud seedings

ZHANG Jie, ZHU Jie, SU Xiu-li, GONG Hong-bo, WU Shan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 29-32. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.007

Abstract （123）

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Taking the sweet potato bud seedlings of Pushu 32 as the research object, the effects of different treatments on the rooting time, rooting number, root length and cuttage survival rate of sweet potato bud seedlings were studied by different ratios and concentrations of rooting agents. The results showed that IBA （indole butyric acid） + NAA （naphthylacetic acid）, ABT and water treatment could all promote rapid rooting of sweet potato shoots. When the concentration of ABT was more than 25 mg/L, it would inhibit the rooting of sweet potato bud seedlings to a certain extent, thus reducing the number of roots. When the rooting number of sweet potato bud seedlings decreased with the increase of rooting agent dosage, the single root length did not become longer obviously, and the total root length was positively correlated with the rooting number as a whole. Cuttage of sweet potato bud seedlings after rooting could significantly improve the survival rate of sweet potato bud seedlings, and the survival rate of bud seedlings treated with each rooting agent was higher than that of the control（clean water）. The survival rate of sweet potato bud seedlings was related to the rooting number and total root length of sweet potato seedlings.

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Analysis and evaluation of yield and nutritional quality of different potato varieties

ZHU Jie, WEN Hai-xia, FANG Zhi-guo, SU Xiu-li, ZHANG Jie, WU Feng, LI Xiao-min, WANG Wen-jian

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 33-37，68. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.008

Abstract （112）

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In order to select new potato（Solanum tuberosum L.） varieties with high quality and high yield, the yield and nutritional quality of 8 potato varieties were comprehensively analyzed and evaluated by isometric classification method. The results showed that Zhongshu No.3 had the best nutritional quality, Huashu No.16 had the highest yield, and Zhongshu 685 had the highest comprehensive index. From the perspective of comprehensive yield and nutritional quality, Zhongshu 685 was the best variety, followed by Huashu No. 16.

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Effects of plastic film mulching on physicochemical properties and fungal community structure of tobacco-growing soil during whole growth period

GUO Chong, LIU Ya-jie, YANG Yi-de, YANG Yang, YANG Guo-wei, XU Yan-ling, CHEN Fo-yuan, HAN Wei, LIU Lei, YAN Min, ZENG Shu-hua

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 38-45. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.009

Abstract （104）

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Using white plastic film covering, which was widely used in tobacco production practice, and the appropriate time for film removal treatment as a control, the effects of different colors of plastic film （white plastic film, black plastic film and black and white double color plastic film） covering during the whole growth period on the physicochemical properties and fungal community structure of tobacco planting soil at a higher altitude （1 200 m） were studied, and the relationship between soil physicochemical properties and fungal community structure was explored by correlation and redundancy analysis. The results showed the yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco in the whole growth period were significantly higher than those in the control （P<0.05）, and there were significant differences in soil physical and chemical properties among different treatments （P<0.05）. The main groups of soil fungi in this area were Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Zygomycota, accounting for more than 83% of the total fungi. The diversity of soil fungi under mulching with different colors during the whole growth period was as follows from high to low： black and white double color film covering the whole growth period, white film covering the whole growth period, control, black film covering the whole growth period. The dominant genera of bacteria in each treatment were significantly different. The relative abundance of Hypocrea, Ceratobasidium, Fusarium and Nectria were closely related to soil nitrogen and phosphorus. macroelements （total nitrogen, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, total potassium）, medium and trace elements （total sulfur, total copper, available copper, total zinc, available magnesium, total boron） were the leading environmental factors on the community structure of tobacco-growing soil. On the whole, it was feasible to cover the film during whole growth period in the high altitude tobacco area of Yibin City, and the black and white double color film was the optimal choice.

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Effects of nitrogen fertilizer optimization on yield and nutrient absorption and utilization of Fengtou ginger

XU Da-bing, ZHOU Jian-xiong, HU Hong-tao, ZHU Feng-juan, YUAN Jia-fu, ZHAO Shu-jun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 46-50. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.010

Abstract （90）

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A 2-year field experiment was carried out to study the effects of nitrogen application rate and optimized fertilization on the yield and nutrient absorption and utilization of Fengtou ginger in Laifeng County. The results showed that with the increase of nitrogen application rate, the yield, dry matter quality, and nitrogen accumulation of Fengtou ginger showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and the optimal nitrogen application rate was 450~495 kg/hm². The effects of different nitrogen application rates on nitrogen utilization efficiency and nitrogen fertilizer agronomic utilization efficiency of Fengtou ginger were not significant, but increasing nitrogen application rates reduced nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity. Compared with conventional fertilization（CF）, specialized fertilizer（SF） and slow-release fertilizer（SRF） treatments increased the yield of Fengtou ginger by 25.23% and 13.96%, respectively. Specialized fertilizer could achieve higher dry matter quality and nitrogen accumulation. Compared to conventional fertilization, the nitrogen utilization efficiency, nitrogen agronomic utilization efficiency and nitrogen partial productivity of the specialized fertilizer treatment increased by 19.33%, 62.58% and 25.23%, respectively, while those of the slow-release fertilizer treatment increased by 13.33%, 34.66% and 13.96%, respectively.

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Effects of increasing CO₂ concentration and application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer on photosynthesis, antioxidant enzyme activity and heavy metal content of rice

XU Fen, GUO Hong-yan, YU Xiao-bing, PENG Li-jun, YAO Jing-jing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 51-55. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.011

Abstract （95）

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Relying on China's Rice FACE Platform （Free air CO₂ enrichment）, under two fertilization methods, namely, fertilizer and 50% organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer, the effects of increasing atmospheric CO₂ concentration （ambient atmosphere +200 μmol/mol） on photosynthesis, antioxidant enzyme activity and copper and zinc absorption in rice were studied. The results showed that increasing CO₂ concentration significantly increased the net photosynthetic rate, and malondialdehyde content in rice leaves at the heading stage and zinc content in rice grains at the maturity stage, but significantly decreased the stomatal conductance and antioxidant enzyme activities of rice leaves at the heading stage. Under the treatment of chemical fertilizer replaced by 50% organic fertilizer （COF）, compared with the normal atmospheric CO₂ concentration, the increase of atmospheric CO₂ concentration significantly increased the peroxidase activity, but decreased the stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of rice leaves, the content of malondialdehyde and the contents of copper and zinc in rice grains. Therefore, the substitution of chemical fertilizer with 50% organic fertilizer at equal nitrogen application could help to improve the adaptability of rice to the increase of CO₂ concentration.

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The evolution characteristics and driving factors analysis of reference crop evapotranspiration in the agricultural and pastoral ecotone of Sichuan Province and Yunan Province

HOU Ling-lin, HUANG Xi-wei, XU Xia, NIE Chang-le

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 56-62,119. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.012

Abstract （96）

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Based on the daily meteorological data of 24 ground observation stations in the agricultural and pastoral ecotone of Sichuan Province and Yunan Province from 1961 to 2015, the daily reference crop evapotranspiration （ET₀） and surface humid index （SWI） of each station were calculated by Penman-Monteith formula. The temporal and spatial variation characteristics of ET₀ and SWI in the study area, and the influence degree of main meteorological factors on the evolution of evapotranspiration in different areas were analyzed using the climatic tendency rate, inverse distance weighting （IDW） interpolation, Mann-KendalL mutation test, principal component regression analysis and other methods. The results showed that, from 1961 to 2015, ET₀ in the agricultural and pastoral ecotone of Sichuan Province and Yunan Province showed a downward trend, SWI showed a slow upward trend, and 1987 was the mutation year of ET₀ and SWI. The boundary between the humid area and the semi-humid area could be approximately divided by the boundary of Hengduan Mountains.The reference crop evapotranspiration of the whole region was decreasing in four seasons, and the temporal and spatial evolution of reference crop evapotranspiration in winter was not significant. Average wind speed was the dominant factor affecting the change of ET₀, followed by sunshine hours and relative humidity, and ET₀ had the weakest response to the lowest temperature.

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Optimizing the preparation conditions of FeCl₃ modified zeolite and investigating the phosphorus adsorption mechanism of the modified zeolite

ZHENG Xin-yan, ZHAO Dan, WANG Mu-lan, CHEN Zhao-qiong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 63-68. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.013

Abstract （95）

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In order to establish the optimization method of zeolite FeCl₃ modification conditions, improve the phosphorus adsorption efficiency, and elucidate the phosphorus adsorption mechanism, the response surface method was used to investigate the effects of four factors, namely, FeCl₃ concentration, modification time, modification rotational speed, and modification temperature on the phosphorus adsorption effect of modified zeolite, and to establish the multiple regression model to determine the optimal combinations of the modification conditions. The characterization techniques of SEM, BET, XRD, and FTIR combined with isothermal adsorption and adsorption kinetic modeling, were used to elucidate the phosphorus adsorption mechanism of FeCl₃-modified zeolite. The results showed that four factors had significant effects on the phosphorus adsorption of FeCl₃-modified zeolite, and the multiple regression model between the modification conditions and the phosphorus adsorption rate was 0.987 9 for R²_（TP%） and 0.975 9 for R_adj²_（TP%）, which was a good fit, and the optimal modification conditions after the response surface optimization were the FeCl₃ concentration of 3.8 mol/L, the modification time of 6 h, the modification temperature of 32 ℃, and the modification speed of 186 r/min. The characterization results showed that the FeCl₃ modification did not destroy the skeleton structure of zeolite, and the Fe₂O₃ loading on the surface of zeolite increased the specific surface area, and the complex adsorption with phosphorus could improve the adsorption efficiency of phosphorus. The R² of the Langmuir and Freundlich equations were 0.995 95 and 0.985 66, respectively, which indicated that both the monolayer and the multilayer adsorption existed at the same time. The R² of the second-stage kinetic model was 0.870 09, which was larger than that of the first-stage kinetic model （0.501 53）, indicating that the second-stage kinetic model could better characterize the adsorption kinetics of FeCl₃-modified zeolite on phosphate, and that the adsorption of phosphate by FeCl₃-modified zeolite was dominated by chemisorption.

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Accounting and spatiotemporal changes of the asset value of cultivated land resources in intensive agricultural areas:Taking Hukou County, Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province as an example

LIU Mei-e, CHENG Zhen, TU Li-ping, LIU Tao-xin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 69-77. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.014

Abstract （96）

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Using the income reduction method and ecological factor equivalent method, taking Hukou County, Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province, in the Middle and Lower Yangtze Valley Plain as an example, and comprehensively using the statistical data and land use data of Hukou County, the study calculated the spatiotemporal changes of the asset value of cultivated land resources in Hukou County in 2010 and 2020. The results showed that from 2010 to 2020, the economic value of cultivated land resources in Hukou County showed a decreasing trend, decreasing by 61.73%;the economic value of cultivated land resources in Shuangzhong Town, which was closer to the county seat, had decreased significantly, while the economic value of cultivated land resources in towns （farms） that were relatively far from the county seat had decreased less.From 2010 to 2020, the social value of cultivated land resources in Hukou County showed a significant upward trend, with a growth rate of 252.64%;among them, from 2010 to 2020, the social stability value of arable land resources in Hukou County showed a decreasing trend, while the social security value of arable land resources showed an increasing trend. The overall ecological value of cultivated land resources showed an increasing trend from 2010 to 2020, but the changes were relatively small. The soil conservation value from 2010 to 2020 was an important part of the ecological value of cultivated land resources in Hukou County, followed by waste treatment and the maintenance of biodiversity;except for Shuangzhong Town, Nanbei Port Aquatic Farm, and Maying Town, where the ecological value of cultivated land resources was decreasing, the ecological value of cultivated land resources in other towns （farms） was increasing. The asset value of cultivated land resources in 2010 was 5.418 billion yuan, reaching 11.998 billion yuan in 2020, with a growth rate of 121.45%. The significant increase in social value of cultivated land resources was the main reason for the increase in asset value of cultivated land resources.

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The influencing factors for bio-fungicide screening from actinomycetes source with agar diffusion method

ZHANG Zhi-gang, WANG Kai-mei, WU Zhao-yuan, WAN Zhong-yi, FANG Wei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 78-84. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.015

Abstract （113）

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Using Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum gloeobosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum and Pythium aphanidematum as the model targets, the activity characteristics and the factors affecting the stability and sensitivity of the bactericide were tested. The influence of the model target, compound standard sample and fermentation liquid sample of actinomycetes source standard strain on bactericidal activity was tested by agar diffusion method. The results showed that the treatment process of the target, the content of the target bacteria, the type of sample, and the amount of sample added were directly related to the activity response. Different model targets had different degrees of tolerance to crushing treatment, so it was necessary to conduct personalized treatment for different model targets to ensure the stable growth state of model target bacteria in the test. In the agar diffusion method, not only the bactericidal activity of the sample could be detected, but also the different modes of action of the active ingredient and the target bacteria could be shown. The actinomycete fermentation broth with retained live bacteria showed activity over a wide range of addition amounts, whereas both the actinomycete fermentation broth treated with filtered bacteria and the standard compounds showed activity only when the sample addition amounts were relatively large.

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Effects of formamidosulfuron·methyliodosulfuron on weed control and yield in summer maize field

HUANG Wei, LI Lin, JIN Li-rong, YUAN Bin, ZHU Wen-da, WAN Peng

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 85-88，93. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.016

Abstract （99）

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Four doses of 32% formamidosulfuron·methyliodosulfuron sodium saline dispersion granules 14.4, 22.8, 31.2, 45.6 g（a.i）/hm² were set, 30% formamidosulfuron aqueous dispersion granules 30 g（a.i）/hm² were used as control agents, and manual weed control and blank control were set. The effect of 32% formamidosulfuron·methyliodosulfuron sodium saline dispersion granule on weed control in the summer maize field and its effect on summer maize yield were studied. The weed’s stems and leaves were sprayed during 2~6 leaves after 22 days in maize sowing. Four kinds of weed populations were monitored on 20, 40 and 60 days after spray treatment, the nutrient accumulation of weeds was analyzed at the same time, and yield was measured after summer maize harvesting. The results showed that the application of 32% formamidosulfuron·methyliodosulfuron sodium saline dispersion granule at 14.4~45.6 g（a.i）/hm² showed good control effects on annual weeds, such as Echinochloa crusgalli, Digitaria sanguinalis, Eclipta prostrata and Portulaca oleracea. After 60 days, the density control effects ranged from 79.82% to 95.35% on Echinochloa crusgalli, Digitaria sanguinalis, Eclipta prostrata and Portulaca oleracea, and the fresh weight control effects ranged from 81.75% to 96.76%, which was similar to that of the control agent of 30% formylcarbamsulfuron aqueous dispersion granule 30 g（a.i）/hm². The effect of each treatment on increasing the yield of summer maize was 20.70%~25.10%, which was significantly better than manual weeding and blank control. In the process of using 32% formylaminosulfuron and methyliodosulfuron sodium saline dispersion granules, no pesticide damage or toxication of human and livestock was found, and it was friendly to the environment.

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Field control effects of 200 g/L tetraniliprole SC on Ectropis grisescens Warren

LIANG Shao-ru, ZHAO Feng-hua, JIANG Shuang-feng, ZHENG Jie, FU Qun-ying, DANG Yong-chao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 89-93. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.017

Abstract （203）

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In order to explore the field control effects and safety of 200 g/L tetraniliprole suspension concentrate（SC） on Ectropis grisescens Warren, two field efficacy trials were conducted in August and September 2021. The field control effects of tetraniliprole on Ectropis grisescens Warren were studied and evaluated by using 30% tolfenpyrad SC, 240 g/L chlorfenapyr SC and 25 g/L bifenthrin emulsifiable concentrate（EC） as control. The results showed that 3 days after spraying pesticide, the field control effects of 200 g/L tetraniliprole SC 90~150 mL/hm² were 84.29%~89.44%, 69.40%~78.69% in two experiments, respectively. 7 days after spraying pesticide, the control effects of 200 g/L tetraniliprole SC 90~150 mL/hm² were 94.81%~97.71% and 86.28%~94.36% in two experiments, respectively. 14 days after spraying pesticide, the field control effects of 200 g/L tetraniliprole SC 90~150 mL/hm²were 84.82%~87.89% and 80.14%~85.40% in two experiments, respectively. Under the conditions that the proportion of larvae within the third instar in August and September was 90.74% and 32.55%, respectively, the control effects of 200 g/L tetraniliprole SC in two experiments were better than those of the control agents, tolfenpyrad, chlorfenapyr and bifenthrin, and the control effects in August were significantly higher than those in September. 200 g/L tetraniliprole SC could control Ectropis grisescens Warren in tea gardens effectively, and the concentration of 90~150 mL/hm²was safe on the growth of tea trees. The effect of spraying pesticide at the third instar of Ectropis grisescens Warren larvae was better.

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Effects of temperature and nitrogen nutrient on the growth and photophysiology of Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis

CHEN Ze-yu, DING Yu-hao, WANG Jing-wen, NI Jia-xuan, HE Hao-lin, XU Jia-tao, JIANG Shu-ying, WANG Jin-guo

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 94-101. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.018

Abstract （116）

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The cultivated Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis was used as the experimental material, and two temperature levels（LT：20 ℃;HT：24 ℃） and three nitrogen nutrient concentrations（LN：3.1 μmol/L;MN：30.1 μmol/L;HN：103.1 μmol/L） were set to study the effects of temperature and nitrogen nutrient concentration changes on the growth and photophysiology of G. lemaneiformis. The results showed that temperature, nitrogen nutrient and their interaction had significant effects on the relative growth rate （RGR） of G. lemaneiformis （P<0.05）. The RGR increased with the temperature and nitrogen nutrient concentration increment separately. Further fluorescence parameters showed that the effective photosynthetic quantum yield [Y（II）] of HT treatment fluctuated in the range of 0.18~0.24, which was higher than that of LT treatment under the same nitrogen nutrient concentration and HN promoted the improvement of its Y（II）under the same temperature. Temperature had a significant effect on the maximum relative electron transfer rate （rETR_max, P<0.05）, nitrogen nutrient had a significant effect on the rETR_max, light utilization efficiency （α） and saturation irradiance （I_k）（P<0.05）and their interaction had a significant effect on the α （P<0.05）. Furthermore, temperature, nitrogen nutrient and their interaction had significant effects on the photosynthetic pigments contents of G. lemaneiformis （P<0.05）. Nitrogen and the interaction had significant effects on the SP content（P<0.05）. Under LT or HT, the contents of chlorophyll a （Chl a）, carotenoids （Car）, and SP increased evidently with the increase of nitrogen nutrient concentration （P<0.05）. Our findings suggested that HN and HT significantly promoted the growth of G. lemaneiformis, which provided the theoretical data for the cultivation of G. lemaneiformis in response to environmental changes in the thermal discharge area of Tianwan Nuclear Power Station.

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Analysis of leaf anatomical structure of Amomum villosum and Amomum tsao-ko

YANG Jia-zhen, XU He-meng, CHEN Jia, HE Wei, ZENG Ya-wen

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 102-107. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.019

Abstract （103）

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In order to reveal the difference of leaf anatomical structure characteristics between Amomum villosum and Amomum tsao-ko, the nail polish and the ultrathin slice methods were used to study the leaves. The results showed that the leaves of the two species were very similar in the distribution of stomatal organs, the structure of stomatal organs, the structure of leaf cross section, and the ultramicrostructure of mesophyll cells, but there were differences in the number of stomatal organs, the size of stomatal organs, the structure of chloroplasts, and the nutrients stored in mesophyll cells： The upper and lower epidermal stomata of Amomum tsao-ko leaves were larger than those of Amomum villosum leaves; the number of stomata in the upper and lower epidermis of the leaves of Amomum villosum was higher than that in the leaves of Amomum tsao-ko; the differentiation of palisade tissue and spongy tissue was not obvious in the leaves of Amomum villosum, but the differentiation of palisade tissue and spongy tissue was more obvious in the leaves of Amomum tsao-ko, and the palisade tissue was more orderly and regular; the chloroplasts of Amomum villosum contained starch grains and osmophilic granules, and the cytoplasm contained endophytes. The chloroplasts of Amomum tsao-ko leaves contained lipid droplets.

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Root distribution and growth development patterns of young dwarf rootstock apples

JI Guang-peng, ZHOU Xiao-tong, ZHANG Dong-hai, WU Yu-rong, NIU Ling-lei

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 108-113. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.020

Abstract （111）

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In order to investigate the effects of root distribution on the growth and development of dwarf anvil apples at young ages, 3-year-old dwarf anvil apples were used as test materials, using profile mining and grid sampling, and the dynamic and distribution characteristics of root growth in three key periods： Flowering period, fruit expanding period and harvesting period were investigated. The development law of apple root with the growth process was analyzed in different growth periods. The results showed that the densest root system areas of dwarf stock apples were horizontal 0~30 cm and vertical 0~40 cm, and the root system development was most vigorous during the harvest period, followed by the flowering period, and the third during the expanding period; from a horizontal distribution perspective, the maximum values of root dry weight density, root length density, and root surface area density appeared in the 0~10 cm region during flowering and harvesting periods. Except for the root dry weight density during the expanding period, the extreme values of other root configuration indicators all appeared in the 10~20 cm region; from a vertical distribution perspective, the root system development was most vigorous in the area 20~30 cm away from the surface during the flowering period, while the peak of the root system configuration index appeared at 10~20 cm or 20~30 cm region during the expanding and harvesting periods; the root length density and root surface area density accounting for 80% of the total amount was the main areas for root activity. The flowering period was at horizontal 0~70 cm, vertical 0~40 cm region, the expanding period was at horizontal 0~130 cm, vertical 0~40 cm region, and the harvesting period was at horizontal 0~80 cm, vertical 0~50 cm region. Therefore, water and fertilizer management needed to adopt different measures based on the characteristics of root growth and development, especially during the fruit expanding period, field management measures should be taken to increase root growth to ensure tree vitality.

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Influence of Chinese herbal medicine combination on the prevention and control of pathogens and microecology in aquaculture

CHEN Jing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 114-119. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.021

Abstract （106）

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In order to explore the antibacterial effect of Chinese herbal medicine on pathogenic bacteria in aquaculture and its influence on microbial population, the Chinese herbs after the initial screening were proportioned, and the orthogonal test was used to study the effect of the combination of Chinese herbal medicine on pathogenic bacteria. The results showed that 12 selected Chinese herbal medicines all had bacteriostatic effects to varying degrees. Among them, dark plum, Chuanlian, pomegranate peel and Pulsatilla chinensis had obvious inhibitory effects on five pathogenic bacteria. The average bacteriostatic circle of the combination of “dark plum+Pulsatilla chinensis” reached 13.23 mm, the MIC value decreased significantly, and it had high drug sensitivity. In addition, the addition of Chinese herbal medicine had changed the abundance and diversity of bacteria in the water. Compared with the control, the experimental group “Mu+Gr”, “Mu+Co” and “Mu+Pu” had decreased the bacterial abundance by 28.16%, 25.33% and 13.27%, respectively. The combination of Chinese herbal medicine could effectively provide new ideas for the prevention and control of pathogens in agriculture and fishery, thereby reducing the abuse of chemicals.

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Establishment of LPS-induced rabbit fever model and evaluation of antipyretic effects of Zhuang and Yao medicine ingredients

DENG Ling-yu, ZHU Hua, XU Li-ba, XIE Feng-feng, LUO Jing, PING Jing-yun, NONG Li-zhen, LI Yin-lan, ZENG Yan-fang, CHEN Ya-ling, CEN Si

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 120-129. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.022

Abstract （117）

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The optimal dose of replicating the fever model of endotoxin （LPS） in rabbits was evaluated using different doses of LPS intravenously. 1 h after modeling, all extracts and active monomers of Zhuang and Yao ethnic medicine were administered. The rectal temperature changes of LPS rabbits were measured by the intelligent pyrogen instrument, and the anal temperature growth value, change rate, antipyretic score at each time point and the total antipyretic score of each test sample were calculated. The results showed that after LPS injection for 1 h, the temperature of all rabbits increased by 0.8~3.0 ℃ compared with the basal rectal temperature, and the temperature of the model rabbits remained high after molding, and there was no significant change. Compared with the model group, the rectal temperature change rate of rabbits treated with 7 kinds of extracts from Zhuang and Yao ethnic medicine was significantly reduced in 1 or more time points, and the order of the total heat antipyretic score was as follows： Ethanolic extract of Christia vespertilionis （L. f.） Bahn. f.>water extract of Lindernia ruellioides （Colsm.） Pennell.>water extract of Gynura divaricata （Linn.）DC. >ethanolic extract of Polygonum chinense L.>petroleum ether extract of Lindernia ruellioides （Colsm.） Pennell.>ethanolic extract of Marchantia convluta Gao et Chang>water extract of Caryopteris incana （Thunb.）Miq.>n-butanol extract of Lindernia ruellioides （Colsm.） Pennell.>water extract of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo. The change rate of rectal temperature of rabbits treated with 13 active monomers of Zhuang and Yao ethnic medicine decreased significantly at one or more time points. According to the total score of antipyretic effects, the order was as follows： Kaempferol > nobiletin > hesperidin > isoquercetin > apigenin > quercetin > astragalin > gallic acid > chlorhexidine acetate > ellagic acid > chlorogenic acid > luteolin > acacetin. Under the conditions of this experiment, the optimal dose of LPS replicating the fever model of rabbits was 4.0 μg/kg; the extracts obtained from 7 kinds of Zhuang and Yao ethnic medicine and 13 kinds of active monomers of Zhuang and Yao ethnic medicine had good antipyretic effects.

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Analgesia, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of ethyl acetate fraction of root bark of Acanthopanax trifoliatus

LIANG Zi-jiu, JIANG Lin, LIN Qing-hua, LIN Chang-yuan, ZHANG Ren-yi, HUANG Xiao-hong, LAI Xin-hong, XIE Meng-jiao, CHEN Hai-yan, LI Fang-chan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 130-134. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.023

Abstract （107）

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In order to study the analgesia, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of ethyl acetate fraction from the root bark of Acanthopanax trifoliatus（BLE）, the analgesia and anti-inflammatory effects of BLE were investigated by hot plate pain method, acetic acid writhing method, xylene-induced mouse ear swelling method, carrageenan-induced mouse paw swelling method and prostaglandin E₂（PGE₂） content determination. The antioxidant activities of BLE were evaluated by DPPH free radical method and ABTS free radical method. The results showed that compared with the blank group, the pain threshold of each BLE dose group at 60 min was significantly or extremely significantly increased, compared with before medication, the pain threshold of each dose group at each time point was significantly or extremely significantly increased and the difference in the pain threshold of each dose group and tripterygium glycosides tablet group were not significantly indigenous. Compared with the blank group, the writhing times of mice in each dose group were extremely significantly reduced; each dose group could significantly or extremely significantly reduce the ear swelling induced by xylene and there was no significant difference in ear swelling between each dose group and tripterygium glycosides tablets group; the high-dose group could extramely significantly reduce the paw swelling induced by carrageenan, and compared with the tripterygium glycosides tablets group, the paw swelling degrees in each dose group showed no significant difference. Compared with the blank group, the content of PGE₂ in high-dose and medium-dose groups was extremely significantly decreased. Compared with the tripterygium glycoside tablet group, there was no significant difference in PGE₂ content in high and medium dose groups. The clearance rate of PDDH free radical by BLE was positively correlated with the increase of concentration, with IC₅₀ of 0.029 mg/ml, which was lower than that of the positive control vitamin C （0.04 mg/mL）. The clearance rate of ABTS free radical was positively correlated with the increase of concentration, with IC₅₀ of 0.033 mg/mL, which was lower than that of the positive control vitamin C （0.042 mg/mL）.

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Comparison of amino acids in muscle of four local chicken resources in Hubei Province under ecological breeding conditions

PAN Ai-luan, ZHANG Rong-rong, TAN Guo-hui, PI Jin-song, ZENG Jun, SHEN Jie, LUO Hong-bing, ZHU Wei, HUANG Tao, ZHANG Rui-jin, WU Yan, ZHANG Hao, SUN Jing, LIANG Zheng-hua, FU Ming, DU Jin-ping, WANG Xiu-jun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 135-140. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.024

Abstract （107）

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In order to explore the characteristics of Laifeng Youshui chicken germplasm resources, the content and flavor of amino acids in the muscle of Laifeng Youshui chicken resources under the ecological breeding mode were studied, and the differences in muscle nutrition and flavor between it and three local chicken breeds such as Jianghan chicken were compared and analyzed. The results showed that： 17 kinds of amino acids were detected in the muscle of Laifeng Youshui cock and hen. Among them, glutamic acid had the highest content,3.88 g/100 g and 3.84 g/100 g respectively.The EAA/TAA values were 43.07% and 44.86% respectively, and the EAA/NEAA values were 75.60% and 81.36% respectively, which reached the ideal amino acid standard specified by FAO/WHO.It was calculated that the muscle TAV of Laifeng Youshui chicken was the largest, and the TAV of glutamic acid was 12.93 and 12.80, respectively, which had the strongest flavor. There was no significant difference in EAA content in male chicken muscle among the four local chicken breeds in Hubei Province, but there was a difference in EAA content in female chicken muscle to different degrees; Among the cock muscles, Hongshan chicken had the highest TAA of （23.70±1.91） g/100 g, followed by Laifeng Youshui chicken [（22.8±2.25） g/100 g], Jianghan chicken [（19.01±0.75） g/100 g], and Shuanglian chicken [（18.87±1.56） g/100 g], but there was no significant difference among varieties; among the hen muscles, Laifeng Youshui chicken had the highest TAA, 22.67 g/100 g, which was significantly higher than the other three breeds, followed by Hongshan chicken （20.05 g/100 g）, Jianghan chicken （18.78 g/100 g）, Shuanglian chicken （17.49 g/100 g）, and Hongshan chicken was significantly higher than Shuanglian chicken. The muscle amino acids of cocks and hens were used as indicators for clustering, and Hongshan chicken formed a group independently.

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Analysis of scales, fatty acids and muscle monosaccharides of Elaphe schrenckii

HUANG Xiao-ran, YANG Wen-jian, WAN Xiang-xu, ZHOU Si-yu, ZHOU Bao-li, MENG Xin, JIN Zhi-min

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 141-144,150. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.025

Abstract （98）

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In order to identify the scales of Elaphe schrenckii and determine the type and relative content of fatty acids in snake oil and monosaccharides in muscle, the snake oil and muscle polysaccharide were obtained by ultrasonic-assisted extraction, and the methyl esterified snake oil was analyzed by gas chromatography to obtain the types and relative contents of fatty acids; the polysaccharide was measured by gas chromatography after hydrolysis and derivatization to obtain the data of monosaccharide in muscle. The results showed that the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids was 2.02, with a relatively high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, and the relative content of fatty acids was oleic acid （34.200%）, palmitic acid （22.600%）, linoleic acid （22.200%） and stearic acid （5.280%） in descending order. The monosaccharides in muscle polysaccharides were 2 types of glucose and glucuronic acid, with glucose accounting for 69.13% and glucuronic acid for 14.32%.

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Study on the microwave-assisted extraction of procyanidins from grape fruit residue with low eutectic solvent and its stability

FU Jia-le, GENG Zhi, CHEN Ge-yu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 145-150. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.026

Abstract （97）

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Taking the grape fruit residue as raw material, the type of low eutectic solvent, microwave power, molar ratio and liquid to solid ratio as investigation factors, and the extraction rate of procyanidins as evaluation index, the microwave-assisted eutectic solvent was used to optimize the extraction process of procyanidins from grape fruit residue, and the stability of the extracted procyanidins was investigated. The results showed that under the condition of microwave power 420 W, extraction time 40 s, extraction temperature 40 ℃, liquid to solid ratio 40∶1, and choline chloride/glycerin at molar ratio 1∶2 as extraction agent, the extraction yield reached 19.57%. Procyanidins were stable at pH≤2, with a retention rate of more than 85%; the retention rate of procyanidins was more than 80% after 5 h at 4 ℃, but the retention rate decreased with the temperature increased; the retention rate of procyanidins decreased significantly to below 90% after 2 h due to the oxidant （H₂O₂）, and the decrease trend was more obvious with the increase of oxidant concentration; reducing agent （vitamin C） had a protective effect on procyanidins. When the concentration below was 0.32 g/L, its retention rate was more than 80% in 3 h; metal ions could destroy procyanidins except Zn²⁺, and Zn²⁺ could maintain the retention rate of procyanidins at about 80%; after fluorescent lamp irradiation for 5 h, the retention rate of procyanidins decreased to 60%, but the retention rate of procyanidins stored under dark light was 80%.

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Improving the thermotolerance of mannanase through molecular improvement

WANG Ya-wei, XUE Qiang, XIONG Hai-rong

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 151-153,162. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.027

Abstract （93）

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The mannanase gene （KJ806638） from Thermobifida fusca was used as the research object, and it was modified by the error-prone PCR method, and the heat resistance of mannanase was further improved. The optimum reaction temperature of N16I mutant was increased from 72.5 ℃ to 77.5 ℃. Differential scanning fluorometry （DSF） testing results showed that the apparent decomposition temperature T_m of the enzyme protein increased from 61.9 ℃ to 63.2 ℃.

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Determination of total alkaloid in Stemona tuberosa Lour. by acid dye colorimetric method

WU Gang-yuan, QIN Hai-qin, HU Dong-nan, ZHANG Miao, XIE Feng-feng, WANG Xiao-xun

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 154-157. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.028

Abstract （79）

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The total alkaloid content in Stemona tuberosa Lour. at different developmental stages was determined using the acid dye colorimetric method. The acid dye colorimetric method was used, with Stemona tuberosa Lour. alkali as the reference material and bromothymol blue as the acid dye. Methanol and chloroform were extracted, and dissolved in 4% hydrochloric acid. The determination was carried out at a wavelength of 413 nm. The results showed that the standard curve of Stemona tuberosa Lour. alkali was Y=0.003 7X+0.089 （R²=0.995 9）. The linear relationship was good from 32 to 800 μg/mL;the average sample recovery rate was 101.23%, and the RSD of the average sample recovery rate was 2.63%. The total alkaloid content of annual Stemona tuberosa Lour. was 1.87~4.55 mg/g;the total alkaloid content of the biennial Stemona tuberosa Lour. was 4.52~9.63 mg/g. The acid dye colorimetric method had the advantages of simple operation, good repeatability, and high stability.

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Determination of sugar and sugar alcohol content in plum extract by HPLC-ELSD

MA Shu-yi, LIANG Jia-xin, XU Chun-ping, ZHANG Ting, LI Ran, DONG Ai-jun, RONG Lin

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 158-162. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.029

Abstract （104）

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A high performance liquid chromatography and evaporative light scattering detector （HPLC-ELSD） method was established for the simultaneous determination of fructose, glucose, sorbitol, sucrose, maltose hydrate, maltotriose, and maltotriose in plum extract. The separation was carried out using a Grace Prevail Carbohydrate ES column at a column temperature of 30 ℃; the mobile phase was acetonitrile water, with a flow rate of 1.00 mL/min;the detection used an evaporative light scattering detector, with a drift tube temperature of 60 ℃ and a nitrogen flow rate of 2.50 L/min. The results showed that fructose, sorbitol, glucose, sucrose, maltose hydrate, maltotriose, and maltotetraose had a good linear relationship,ranging from 34.69~2 220.00, 16.22~1 038.00, 38.66~2 474.00, 24.53~1 570.00, 22.91~1 466.00, 6.09~390.00 and 14.69~940.00 μg/mL,respectively,the precision was good, and the relative standard deviation （RSD） of repeatability was 1.00%~4.09%, the recovery rates of each target substance were 85.5%~110.1%, and the precision was 0.3%~4.6% （n=6）. This method achieved the separation of sugar and sugar alcohols within 30 minutes, with good sensitivity and repeatability detection, effectively avoiding the influence of solvents and temperature. The measurement results were accurate and the operation was easy, which could be used for batch detection of sugar and sugar alcohols in plum extract.

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Study on HPLC fingerprints of the aboveground and underground parts of Radix Ventilago Leicocarpa from different producing areas in Guangxi

LIU Qian-qian, LI Wen-li, LIANG Xiao-lian, ZHOU Chu-hui, CHEN Yong, LUO Kong-xian, LIU Zhao-xiang

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 163-170,177. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.030

Abstract （99）

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In order to establish HPLC fingerprints of the aboveground and underground parts of Radix Ventilago Leicocarpa, a comprehensive evaluation was conducted on the quality of the aboveground and underground parts of Radix Ventilago Leicocarpa from 10 production areas. Using Agilent ZORBX SB-C18 （4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm） Chromatographic column, acetonitrile 0.1% phosphoric acid gradient elution was conducted, with the flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, column temperature of 25 ℃, detection wavelength of 254 nm, and injection volume of 10 μL. The above-ground and underground parts of Radix Ventilago Leicocarpa from 10 production areas were evaluated through similarity evaluation, combined with cluster analysis and principal component analysis. This study had established HPLC fingerprints of the above-ground and underground parts of Radix Ventilago Leicocarpa and calibrated a total of 13 common peaks. According to the principal component comprehensive score model, a comprehensive evaluation was conducted on the above ground and underground parts of Radix Ventilago Leicocarpa from 10 production areas. The comprehensive quality of Radix Ventilago Leicocarpa in Pingle County, Guilin City, Guangxi was better. This method was easy to operate, had good repeatability, and fast analysis speed, and could be used for the comprehensive quality evaluation of Radix Ventilago Leicocarpa and to standardize the quality of Radix Ventilago Leicocarpa.

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Comparison of HPLC fingerprints of Psoralea corylifolia L. before and after salt roasting

WEI Zi-han, WANG Wen-qi, ZHAO Ze-lin, ZHANG Shi-han, ZHANG Li-yan, LI Jun, MA Si-bu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 171-177. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.031

Abstract （82）

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A high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） fingerprint of Psoralea corylifolia L. before and after salt roasting was established, and the differences between raw Psoralea corylifolia L. and salted Psoralea corylifolia L. were evaluated by using chemometric methods. HPLC method was used to establish the fingerprint, and the chromatographic column was Waters Symmetry C18 column （4.6 mm×150 mm, 5 μm）. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, the column temperature was 30 ℃, the injection volume was 10 μL, and the detection wavelength was 290 nm. Data analysis was conducted using mirror comparison, partial least squares discriminant analysis （PLS-DA）, and similarity evaluation analysis methods. HPLC fingerprints of raw Psoralea corylifolia L. and salted Psoralea corylifolia L. were successfully established, identified a total of 14 common peaks were, and determined two components, psoralen and isopsoralen, were identified. Raw Psoralea corylifolia L. had good similarity, and the similarity of Psoralea corylifolia L. after salt roasting changed. The mirror analysis results indicated that there were differences in the HPLC fingerprint of Psoralea corylifolia L. after salt roasting compared to raw Psoralea corylifolia L.. Compared with raw Psoralea corylifolia L., the peaks 1~14 of salted Psoralea corylifolia L. had increased to varying degrees. The PLS-DA analysis results indicated that there were differences in chemical composition between raw Psoralea corylifolia L. and salted Psoralea corylifolia L. The established fingerprint method had good repeatability and stability, and could provide reference for the identification and quality analysis of Psoralea corylifolia L. before and after salt roasting.

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International research hotspots and trends analysis of digital agriculture based on CiteSpace

WANG Yue-han, XIA Yu

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 178-187. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.032

Abstract （115）

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Using 592 articles from the Web of Science core database from 2004 to 2022 as samples, the CiteSpace bibliometric software was used to visually analyze international research hotspots and trends in digital agriculture. The results indicated that the international research on digital agriculture was showing a sustained growth trend, and after experiencing a period of theoretical exploration and stable development, it was in a period of rapid outbreak;international research focused on the theory, methods, policies, and practical applications of digital agriculture, while its main focus was still on developed countries in Europe and America, led by the United States. Although China had a large number of publications, its international academic influence needed to be improved;the research focus had shifted from the focus on big data and the impact of artificial intelligence on digital agriculture, to the innovation of digital agriculture technology, the performance of digital agriculture IoT devices, and the construction and maintenance of digital agriculture supply chain platforms;the forefront of digital agriculture research included the combination of big data analysis technology and GIS technology to process agricultural monitoring data, agricultural technological innovation to promote green development of agriculture, and artificial intelligence methods to support agricultural decision-making systems. In addition, the problems existing in the development of digital agriculture were sorted out, and the prospects for the development of digital agriculture were looked forward to.

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Design and implementation of a grid governance platform for meteorological disaster prevention based on a data sharing system

QIU Zhong-yang, JIANG Jun, CHEN Hong-bo, YAO Li-na

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 188-194,217. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.033

Abstract （135）

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In order to address the practical need for timely and efficient targeted release of meteorological information to decision maker or ordinary users in a grid format, the Changzhou Meteorological Bureau, relying on the internal data sharing system, combined with the Changzhou emergency warning information platform and the Changzhou municipal social governance modernization linkage command platform, had designed and developed the grid governance platform for meteorological disaster prevention.This platform could efficiently and accurately publish information such as warnings, forecasts, important notifications, meteorological disaster prevention and reduction to the PC or APP used by grid personnel, and then spread it by grid personnel. Technically, the data sharing system used in the grid governance platform for meteorological disaster prevention introduced a Token token management mechanism,the software design adopted a B/S data processing architecture, the database relied on Oracle, and the data retrieval used the Mybatis framework to provide API services.The actual use results indicated that the system was flexible and efficient, and basically met the service requirements.

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Association analysis of NARS2 gene variation and carcass and meat quality traits in selenium black pig

QIAO Tong-tong, ZHANG Yu, LI Zi-peng, QIAO Mu, QIN Zhen-yang, PENG Xian-wen, WU Jun-jing

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 195-199. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.034

Abstract （85）

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A g.101284 C>T mutation site was found in intron 9 of the NARS2 gene in the selenium black pig population. After genotyping using PCR product direct sequencing, association analysis was conducted with 23 phenotypes of carcass and meat quality traits.The results showed that the g.101284 C>T locus of the NASR2 gene significantly affected the skin thickness of pig carcasses （P<0.01）, and significantly affected the eye muscle area, drip loss for 48 hours, and intramuscular fat content traits of pork （P<0.05）. The skin thickness of individuals with CC genotype was significantly lower than that of individuals with TT genotype （P<0.01）;the 48 hours drip loss and intramuscular fat content of individuals with CC genotype were significantly higher than those with other genotypes, while the carcass eye muscle area of individuals with TT genotype was significantly smaller than that of individuals with other genotypes （P<0.05）. Among these four personality traits, there was a certain degree of correlation between other traits except for skin thickness and eye muscle area traits, which were not significantly correlated. Among them, the 48 hours drip loss had the highest correlation with intramuscular fat content traits （r²=0.882, P<0.01）. Therefore, this marker should be reasonably utilized in breeding applications in conjunction with breeding objectives, and individuals of different genotypes should be selected or eliminated for different main selected traits.

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Comparative analysis of transcriptome of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium with different nuclear numbers

WANG Hong-li, YANG Yang, HU Xue-bo

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 200-205,235. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.035

Abstract （89）

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Using the mycelium of wild Ganoderma lucidum [Ganoderma lucidum （Leyss. ex Fr.） Karst.]（D）, natural mononuclear Ganoderma lucidum （Mo）, and binuclear Ganoderma lucidum （Mu） as materials, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to screen differentially expressed genes, and GO analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis were conducted. Through differential gene analysis, 568 differentially expressed genes were screened. The GO analysis results showed that the differentially expressed genes between wild Ganoderma lucidum （D） and natural mononuclear Ganoderma lucidum （Mo） hyphae were mainly enriched in transcriptional regulation, DNA templating, tRNA aminoacylation, and histone methylation processes;the differentially expressed genes in the mycelium of wild Ganoderma lucidum （D） and binuclear Ganoderma lucidum （Mu） were mainly enriched in processes such as chromatin silencing, L-serine metabolism, and sulfur compound metabolism;the differentially expressed genes in the mycelium of natural mononuclear Ganoderma lucidum （Mo） and binuclear Ganoderma lucidum （Mu） were mainly enriched in processes such as chromatin silencing, DNA template transcription, and glutamate decomposition. The KEGG enrichment results indicated that there were significant differences in the metabolic pathways between natural mononuclear Ganoderma lucidum （Mo） and binuclear Ganoderma lucidum （Mu） mycelium, with differential genes mainly annotated into pathways such as peroxidase and vitamin metabolism.The differential genes between wild Ganoderma lucidum （D） and natural mononuclear Ganoderma lucidum （Mo） mycelium, as well as between wild Ganoderma lucidum （D） and binuclear Ganoderma lucidum （Mu） mycelium, did not show KEGG enrichment, indicating no significant differences in their metabolic pathways. A total of 12 genes with significant differences in expression levels were selected from 3 strains, and the main functions of the genes were predicted.Out of 12 genes, 5 genes could be matched to the GO library. The GO annotation results indicated that these 5 genes were mainly annotated in aspects such as oxidoreductase activity, metal ion binding, membrane regulation, and membrane composition.

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The composition of the agricultural technology innovation system in the United States and its enlightenment for China

WAN Qun, WAN Rui, LI Jing-suo

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 206-211. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.036

Abstract （107）

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By analyzing the operational mechanisms of organizational management system, policy system and investment system, this paper explored the main reasons for the high level of agricultural technology innovation in the United States. The results indicated that in terms of organizational management system, the responsibilities of federal agencies of the United States Department of Agriculture were clearly divided, and the Department of Agricultural Research Services divided research content by region;the land grant universities and agricultural experimental stations established by each state bore dual responsibilities for teaching and research;private research institutions such as enterprises focused on the research and development of industrial projects.In terms of policy system, agricultural technology research and development in the United States was aimed and guided by national interests. The formulation of agricultural technology policies was in line with the actual needs of social development, with comprehensive content and complete system.In terms of investment system, the intensity of agricultural technology innovation investment was high, and the emphasis on basic research and applied basic research investment had promoted the improvement of agricultural technology innovation capabilities in the United States. Finally, based on the practical experience of agricultural technology innovation activities in the United States, the path to enhance China’s agricultural technology innovation capability was proposed.

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Empirical study on performance evaluation of precision poverty alleviation of traditional Chinese medicine in Gansu Province

LUO Zhong-hua, PANG Shu-xia, YUN Li-xin, HU Yi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 212-217. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.037

Abstract （93）

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The improved grey relational analysis method was used to empirically analyze the precision poverty alleviation performance of traditional Chinese medicine in Gansu Province. The results showed that the precision poverty alleviation of traditional Chinese medicine in Gansu Province had achieved remarkable results. Although there were differences in different fields between counties and districts, traditional Chinese medicine industry poverty alleviation, e-commerce poverty alleviation, ecology poverty alleviation and health poverty alleviation played obvious roles. Traditional Chinese medicine in Gansu Province had played an important role in precision poverty alleviation and boosting farmers’ poverty alleviation and income increase, but its contribution to regional economy and the promotion of ecological protection needed to be improved. Gansu Province should use the effectiveness and experience of traditional Chinese medicine precision poverty alleviation, traditional Chinese medicine industry innovation and development as the first way to boost rural revitalization of Gansu Province, take further improve the health service and e-commerce service system of traditional Chinese medicine, vigorously promote the education poverty alleviation of traditional Chinese medicine, and expand the scale of traditional Chinese medicine ecological poverty alleviation to promote the development of traditional Chinese medicine industry.

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Research on the performance survey and countermeasures of scientific and technological service of science and technology commissioners

MIAO Hua-ying, JIA Li-gui, WANG Xiao-li, XIONG Fei, WANG Lu, ZHOU Yang, GE Shuang-tao

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 218-224. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.038

Abstract （100）

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Taking agricultural science and technology commissioners in Shiyan City as the object, the questionnaire survey and interview were used to quantitatively analyze the performance of the scientific and technological service of science and technology commissioners with SPSS 20.0 statistical software. The results showed that the agricultural science and technology commissioners in Shiyan City mainly were scientific and technological talents from scientific research institutes and agricultural technology extension departments, and formed a scientific and technological service mode with technical assistance and policy publicity as the main, and project cooperation as the auxiliary. The trust and service satisfaction of agricultural operation subjects to science and technology commissioners were important factors that affected the service performance of science and technology commissioners. According to the analysis results, combined with the current situation of agricultural development in Shiyan City, some countermeasures and suggestions of optimizing management mode, constructing long-term mechanism,paying attention to talent cultivation, improving service level, changing service mode, improving service effect, strengthening accurate service, and enhancing the trust and satisfaction of scientific and technological special work were put forward.

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Research on the influencing factors of farmers’ willingness to expand industrial scale:Taking the sample of thousands of kiwifruit industry in Wuling Mountain Area as an example

TAN Ming-jiao, QI Chun-jie

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 225-230，封三. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.039

Abstract （97）

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Taking Wuling Mountain Area, a contiguous poverty-stricken area that had been lifted out of poverty along with the whole country, as a sample survey area, the kiwifruit industry as an example, the factors that affected kiwifruit growers’ expansion of planting scale from three dimensions of external physical level, external soft power level, and internal cause level were analyzed. The results showed that factors such as the degree of suitable mechanization production, distance from commercial centers, proportion of hardened roads, number of professional and technical personnel for household guidance, agricultural machinery subsidies, number of rural revitalization residents, gender and age of the household positively affected farmers’ willingness to expand industrial scale; factors such as the frequency of natural disasters, courier stations, the education level and physical condition of the household had a negative impact on farmers’ willingness to expand industrial scale. Based on this, some countermeasures and suggestions from three levels of industrial infrastructure construction, industries comprehensive support policies and industrial technical talents were proposed. “Local specialties” were focused on the effective connection between characteristic agricultural industries and rural industrial revitalization was promoted, and the achievements of poverty alleviation were consolidated and expanded to effectively connect with rural revitalization.

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The impact of capital structure of cooperatives on members’ income:Taking the data of Hubei Province as an example

WU Ya-ling, LUO Hong-mei, WANG Sheng-song, WU Chao, LEI Ze

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 231-235. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.040

Abstract （92）

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Based on data from fruit and vegetable cooperatives in Hubei Province, the capital structure theory was used to analyze the mechanism of the effects of cooperative natural capital,equity capital, human capital, social capital, and surplus distribution on the income of ordinary members,and a BP neural network model was constructed to test the impact factors of capital structure on the income of ordinary members. The results showed that the tilted capital structure of cooperatives led to the weakening of the rights and property rights of ordinary members and the solidification of capital structure of cooperatives, and the income increase effect on ordinary members was not strong. Finally, the policy suggestions of guiding farmers to participate in the distribution of production factors such as land, labor, and agricultural machinery in cooperatives, expanding the scope of cooperative investment, promoting the reform of equity based financial subsidies for cooperatives, and building a cooperative capital structure that balanced “big farmers” and “small farmers” for balancing the capital structure of cooperatives were put forward.

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Research on the measurement and driving factors of integrated development level of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in Qira County of Xinjiang under the background of rural revitalization

LU Yong-rong, WU Wen-jie, ZHAO Yan-mei, KAIDIRIYE Aili, LIU Shan-shan

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 236-242. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.041

Abstract （95）

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The entropy method, agricultural industry integration index model, and gray correlation analysis method were used to calculate and analyze the level of rural industry integration and driving factors in Qira County, Xinjiang from 2015 to 2019. The results showed that during the study period, the ACDI index of Qira County increased from 0.108 9 to 0.566 4, but it was still in its infancy. Both the index of the industrial integration behavior and the integrated development economic and social benefit showed an increasing trend. The four sub-indexes of industrial chain extension, agricultural multi-functional expansion, integration of agriculture and service industry, income increase and employment all showed steady growth, and the trend of urban-rural integration fluctuated slightly. Related industries, market demand and other five factors were highly correlated with the industrial integration development in Qira County, and the impact was significant. Accordingly, the integrated development models of industries in Qira County such as “connecting secondary and tertiary industries” “relying on the secondary industry to connect the tertiary industry” “spanning the secondary industry to connect the tertiary industry”, and “connecting the tertiary industry to the primary industry” were proposed. Finally, some countermeasures and suggestions were put forward from the aspects of effectively extending the agricultural industry chain, promoting new agricultural business forms, and perfecting talents, finance, science and technology guarantee system, in order to promote the consolidation of poverty alleviation and industrial integrated development in Qira County, realize industrial prosperity and help rural revitalization.

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The impact of China’s digital inclusive finance on the high-quality development of agriculture and rural areas

ZHAO Min, ZHANG Yi

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 243-251. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.042

Abstract （131）

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The impact mechanism of digital inclusive finance on the high-quality development of agriculture and rural areas was combed, and the impact of digital inclusive finance on the high-quality development of agriculture and rural areas was empirically analyzed based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2019. The results showed that the coverage breadth, use depth and digitization degree of digital inclusive finance had a significant positive correlation with the high-quality development of agriculture and rural areas. Among them, the coverage breadth and use depth had significant regional heterogeneity differences between north and south, but the digitization degree did not show significant differences. Further research showed that there was a positive spatial spillover effect in the high-quality development of agriculture and rural areas, and the digital inclusive finance and pilot of the “broadband village” had a significant positive spatial spillover effect on the high-quality development of agriculture and rural areas. Finally, countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to better promote the green transformation of agriculture and rural areas and realize the high-quality development of agriculture and rural areas.

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Evaluation of social and economic benefits of land expropriation in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

LAI Yan-juan, XUE Rui, ZHAO Ying-hui

HUBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2023, 62 (12): 252-256，封三. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2023.12.043

Abstract （107）

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Based on the economic and social data of the total expropriated land area, GDP, total social fixed asset investment, local fiscal revenue, and urban population of the provinces （cities） of the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2006 to 2019, the evaluation index system of land expropriation benefits was built, the social and economic benefits of land expropriation of the Yangtze River Economic Belt were calculated by hierarchical analysis and entropy right method, and the spatial analysis was conducted by GIS. The results showed that the land expropriation benefits of provinces （cities） in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2006 to 2019 fluctuated significantly. From 2006 to 2009, the land expropriation benefits fluctuated greatly, and from 2010 to 2019, the land expropriation benefits fluctuated slightly. On the whole, the land expropriation benefits in the Yangtze River Economic Belt were relatively low, and the number of provinces （cities） with low and relatively low benefits was large. The spatial differences of land expropriation benefits in the Yangtze River Economic Belt were great, not only among the three regions of the east, middle and west, but also within the three regions, and there was no convergence phenomenon of clubs.

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